The document discusses chip formation geometry and shear plane angle calculations. It provides equations to calculate the shear plane angle based on the chip thickness ratio and tool rake angle. It then provides multiple examples applying these calculations to determine values like shear plane angle, cutting forces, friction angle, material removal rate, and power requirements for different turning operations using various materials, depths of cut, feeds, and cutting speeds. It also includes examples calculating tool life and determining the optimal cutting speed and tool choice to minimize costs based on tool life equations.
The document discusses chip formation geometry and shear plane angle calculations. It provides equations to calculate the shear plane angle based on the chip thickness ratio and tool rake angle. It then provides multiple examples applying these calculations to determine values like shear plane angle, cutting forces, friction angle, material removal rate, and power requirements for different turning operations using various materials, depths of cut, feeds, and cutting speeds. It also includes examples calculating tool life and determining the optimal cutting speed and tool choice to minimize costs based on tool life equations.
The document discusses chip formation geometry and shear plane angle calculations. It provides equations to calculate the shear plane angle based on the chip thickness ratio and tool rake angle. It then provides multiple examples applying these calculations to determine values like shear plane angle, cutting forces, friction angle, material removal rate, and power requirements for different turning operations using various materials, depths of cut, feeds, and cutting speeds. It also includes examples calculating tool life and determining the optimal cutting speed and tool choice to minimize costs based on tool life equations.
The document discusses chip formation geometry and shear plane angle calculations. It provides equations to calculate the shear plane angle based on the chip thickness ratio and tool rake angle. It then provides multiple examples applying these calculations to determine values like shear plane angle, cutting forces, friction angle, material removal rate, and power requirements for different turning operations using various materials, depths of cut, feeds, and cutting speeds. It also includes examples calculating tool life and determining the optimal cutting speed and tool choice to minimize costs based on tool life equations.
From the geometry of chip formation for a continuous type chip without built-up
edge, show that the shear plane angle is given by
r cos tan c where rc is the chip thickness ratio. 1 rc sin State the assumptions made. During orthogonal turning of a ductile alloy bar by a tool of side rake angle 15, depth of cut 4.0 mm, feed 0.25 mm/rev, it was found that cutting force is 800 N and feed force is 500 N. If chip thickness ratio is 0.4, evaluate using Merchant Circle Diagram (Graphical method): i. Magnitude of the resultant force ii. the shear plane angle iii. the frictional force iv. the friction angle C-40 steel is turned with a HSS tool of side rake angle of 8 at a cutting speed of 0.6 m/sec. The depth of cut (chip width) is 1.5 mm whereas the uncut chip thickness is 0.3 mm. One meter long chip weighs 5.7 g. Assume that the width of the chip remains unchanged and the metal density is 7.9 g/cm3. Calculate i. Chip thickness ratio and shear angle. ii. MRR and power requirement. It is required to reduce 50 mm dia MS bar to 40 mm dia for 150 mm of length by means of single operation on a lathe. The conditions are as follows. Operators hourly rate = Rs. 60 Machine hourly rate = Rs. 240 Time to remove, replace and reset the tool = 0.1 10 min Cost of regrinding the tool = Rs. 20 Initial cost of tool = Rs. 200 No. of possible regrinds of the tool = 10 No. of parts to be turned = 12000 Feed rate f = 0.2 mm/rev Taylors Tool life equation VT 0.2 = 300 Evaluate the economic spindle speed for the lathe for minimum cost. The life of two tools, A and B, are governed by the equations VT 0.125 2.5 and VT 0.25 7 respectively in certain machining operation where V is the cutting speed in m/sec and T is tool life in seconds. (i) Find out the speed at which both the tools will have the same life. Also calculate the corresponding tool life. (ii) If you have to machine at a cutting speed of 1 m/sec, then which one of these tools will you choose in order to have less frequent tool changes?