Oral History

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Days Not to be Forgotten
Drum Publication Group

P.O Box 66
Kanchanaburi 71000
Thailand
drum@drumpublications.org
February, 2006
ISBN -974-93147-6-X
II
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3I B.A.S (Burma Army Signal)
4I C.P (City Police)
5I B.T.F. (Burma Territorial Froce)
6I U.T.C. (University Traning Corps)
7I K.V (Karen Volunteers)
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z.M.vDRI EluvH,gtpdRph>uD;p;xD.0Jzt J cg0JtRH M.vDRI
uD>y,DR’d;M>w>b.’db.xH;vX[D.cd.w>’k;cHbsw D bscD zD st
d w>td.
ol.vDRo;M.t&h’.d vX[D.cd.w>’k;cHbsDwbsDvXusJtgbdtCdM.
vDRI w>’k;cHbswD bst D ylRuD>y,DRb.td.vX,y.’D;}bH;xH;±Scf v D eH.
w>pdw>urDRcHct D zDvmM.vDRI ySR’k;vdmto;vXuD>y,DRtylRM.w
rh>xJ,y.’D;}bH;xH;±Scf zH b
k .I w±l;tok;rk>’D;trJ&uRtok;rk>wz.
ph>uD;[l;*JR0J’.vXrk>xD.uvHRxH;tgr;M.vDRI uD>y,DRM.t&h’.d
9
0JvXod.rSRH ’D;,y.cHzv k Xmt*D>zJtymvDRw>’k;tw>&J.usRJ wz.t

cgvDRI vX}bH;xH;±Sw f z.t*D>wcD< uD>y,DRt&h’.d 0JvXuqJ;usXvdm
to;vXuD>th’,.’D;w±l;uD>t*D>M.vDRI vXw±l;uD>t*D>< uD>
y,DRM.t&h’.d 0JvXtxHu>D tw>td.pH.td.usXRt*D>vDRI rhr>h uD>
trJ&uRwcDxH.uD>y,DR’ftrh>xHuD>t&h’d.vXuymCmw±l;uD>
vXw>’k;ylR’D;,y.tw>rRrh>tgvXtb.’k;b.,Rw>zJtRH wcDvRJ
rRwHmwmt0Joh.vXypH;zH;r;orH;tylRwoht*D>M.vDRI rhrh>uD>y
,DRtySRxHzu d >D zdwz.wcD< cDzsv
d Xtb.vJRcDzsb
d .w>’k;w>,RvX
tuD>ylRvXuwD>,HmtCdt0Joh.b.wl>w>e;e;usHRusHR’D;’k;td.
xD.tw>qdurd.b.C;w>zD.pku0JR< w>’k;w>,R’D;w>rReXRtD.
CD.vdmo;wz.M.yorXwohb.M.vDRI
cJtRH [D.cd.w>’k;0HRtd.teH.CkqC H .C.vHI ySRtd.wh>’.xJweDR

vXtuwJyF;ySRb.C;w>‘k;w>,Rtw>uJxD.o;< w>eXRw>C.
vXw>’k;ylR< w>xD.rRM>w>vD>< w>b.*kRcHwz.M.vDRI [D.cd.
w>’k;z;’d.cHbsw
D bsv D XtuJx.D vX(1939=1945) M.rh>w>t&h’.d
vX[D.cd.tw>pH.pdRwJpdRvXzdo.cJtHRwz.ub.rRvdt*D>M.
vDRI tCdrh>w>t&h’d.vXzdo.wz.urRvdM>w>vXyzHyzkvXt
vJRcDzsb
d .[D.cd.w>’k;cHbsw
D bsvD Xtup>’.0Jwz.wJy;F ySRM.vDRI
zJvmH wbh.tHRtylR< yxXEkmvDRySR (17) *Rt*h>M.vDRI
10
pD R prH ; ’d
pDRprH;’d
zkprH;’dvXtb.w>oh.ngtDR’fok;cd.usX>w*Rtod;tHRteD>up>
’.0Jt*h>tusRd vXtuG;J ym0Jwtd.b.I tCd’t f rgzHo&.rk.uG;J zsg
xD.0Jz.k zk.tzDc.d yuymzsgtDR0HR’fo;d yuoh.ngb.tw>rRvXt
rRwh>0Juoht*D>yueDRz;tDRcHywD>= wXywD>urh>w>uG;J uXRzS.d 0HR<
cHywD>wywD>ub.w>ymzsgtDR’ft0Jp;xD.EkmvDRok;’D;wkRttd.bS;H
0Jwpkt*h>M.vDRI
pDRprH;’dtd.zsJ.xD.zJ 1906 eH.< vged.0hbX. 27 oD ‘D; EkmvDRok;zJ

1924 eH.’ftrh>uD>y,DR< uD>th’,.’D;tJuvH;tok;rk>M.vDRI tqd
uwX>’fok;tw>rRvduwD>tod;xD.ok;w>rRvdzJrh.rFd;w>od.vd
ok;&h.vXtrh> W/ 20 th Burma Rifles vX Recruit Training tok;
xH; (Training Corps) M.vDRI
rRvdcD.wCmok;w>rRvdzJrh.rFd;0HRvJRxD.u’D;ok;w>rRvd 2nd
Battalion 20th Burma Rifles td.ol.vDRto;zJ Taiping, Malay States
M.vDRI zJtqXuwD>tHRt0Jb.w>uG>xGJtDRvX Adjutant – Capt
Rivers M.vDRI wkRrh>tzsx d .D Kitchener College 0HR’D;t0Jb.vJRrR
vdu’D;ok;w>rRvdzJ Indian military College Academy td.zJ Dehra
Dun M.vDRI
11
vXuD>th’,.ok;tcJ’rh.tpdRyD> (w>pH.pdRwJpRd ) tylRw>rRvdt0J

tHRrh>ySRtqduwX>wzkvXySRrRvdw>zdtd.0Jt*R (40) M.vDRI zJ
1932 eH.vgtD;uxdbX.ySRrRvdw>zdub.vDRqlr’l gtcgM. M.C
ok;cd. = Maj. D.T. Cowan bd;b.oh.ngxD.0J= ySRrRvdztd usgtHR
prH;rh>ySR?wX/ w*RvXtok;’htylRtHRM.vDRI
zJ 1939 eH.< vg’H.phbX. (19) oDteHRok;cd.tHR’d;wh’d;zsDto;’D;

o&.rk. Gha Win Nie Dun M.vDRI t0Jo.h xD.zdtzdr.k oX*RvDRI
wcsK;uD>y,DRw>obsM› >pSRvgM.tvD>tvRxD. 0J’f Lt. Colonel w
*RM.vDRI ‘D;trlt’grh>0J Deputy Inspector General vDRI wcsK;ySJR
xD.weH.’H;b.M.tvD>tvRxD.ql Brigadier ‘D;rl’gwcDr>h 0J Deputy
G.O.C of the Burma Army M.vDRI w>tHRtvD>cHwbsK;vgM.t0JuJ
xD.uD>y,DRok;rk>’d.tok;cd.usX> (Maj. General) M.vDRI
1949 vg,ElRtg&H. 4 oDuD>y,DRM>w>obs›vXtJuvH;y’d.’D;

(zIqIyIv) y’d.yXuhRw>M. vDRI y.wH.wz.ylx.D uhRuD>y,DRy
’d.wvgCDM.vDRI zJ,ElRtg&H. 31 oDz;zDr>k M.ok;cd.usX>prH;’db.
w>qSXtDRqluvD0>h ’D;rk>0gxD.< vgzhR-bLRtg&H. 1 oDM.b.w>’k;
td.bS;H uGmH tDRvXuD>y,DRok;rk>’d.tok;cd.usX>vD>vRM.vDRI zJo;k
cd.usX>prH;’dt.d bS;H tcgto;td.’.xJ 41 eH.{dRvDRI ’D;zJ 1979 eH.
vg,ElRtg&H.toD (30) zJto;td. 71 eH.M.’D;rHrmk 0J’.vXc&HmylR
M.vDRI
12
pD R prH ; ’d
rk>eHRvXp;xD.uJok;’D;vD>vR (‘fw>uXRzSd.vXtJuvH;usdm)
1924= 31 p;xD.EkmvDRok;’D;ok;zdx.D w>rRvdtywD>
1931= 35 Jemadar in 2nd Burma Rifles- (tcgzJM.trHRtd.
Smith wzsX.{dR)
1935 = 2nd Lieutenant ( Attached 2nd Bn. King’s own-
Yorkshire. L.I)
1936= Lieutenant – 2nd Bn.First Punjal)
1939= Lieutenant ( General list Burma Employed ) Burma
1942= Capt.(2ndBn.1st Punjal Regiment Acting Major with
Militatry Police)
1943= Tep. Major ( 2nd Bn. , 1st Punjal Regiment ) Acting
Lt. Col. (2nd Bn. 1st Punjal Regiment
1945= vgtD;uxdbX. War Substentive Major (weH.CD<
wvgCD ) Temp. Lt.Col.
1945= vged.0hbX. Acting Colonel
1946= Acting Colonel Special list ( Ex- Indian Army)
1948= Military Chief of Staff ( Burma) Local-Maj. General.
vRuyDRyeD.= Medals
1. Military Cross – 1946
2. India General Service medal
(1908-1935 with Burma 1930 –32)
3. India General Service medal 1931-39, with Claspi.
4. North West Frontier 1936- 37, 1939-45 Star
5. Burma Star 1941- 45
6. British War Medal 1939-45
7. Sword of honour.
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
13
pDRuFDM.xl
‘f t w>uG J ; eD . vXweH R b.weH R vH m uG J ; eD . b.w>qS X xD . ql

(BCEL) vXtrXRo&.rk.pwJ&h.xl
tul m wX
,EkmvDRuD>y,DRok;rk>’d. Burma Army zJvgtD;uxdbX. 19 oD

1932< zJ,el ;H (10) Burma Rifles tok;&h. 120 vX0h>rh.rF;d (cJtRH yF.›
tlvU.) M.vDRI ,eD>up>eD>*H>rh>0J(4047)vDRI ,xD.w>xXzSd.ok;
tw>rRvd (Recruit Training) 0HR’D;,b.w>qSX,Rql Burma Riflest
ok;&h.eD.*H> (3) M.vDRI tcgzJM.,ok;cd.rh>0Jo;k cd.’d.zd Maj. F.O.
N.Ford ‘D;ok;&h.cd.rh>0J Lt.Col. Buddet (rHRtzsX.u’D;wz.,w
ohe.D xHq;b.) zJ,rh>’H;’. N.C.O ok;o&.tywD>M.vDRI ,b.
w>qSX,Rqlusdzw d >rRvdzuJ >D th’,.0h> (Panchamari) ‘D;,zsdx.D
vXtywD> (Q1) vXw>ymyeD.tDRywD>wXwkRrh>,[JuhRql,ok;
x;He.D *H> (3) (Burma-Rifles) zJ0>h rg’vh’;D ,’d;M>rl’g’fo;k o&.od.
vdw> Instructor w*RM.vDRI ok;*h>0Dw>ul.b.ul.ohtylR,’d;M>
b. (Roma Urdu 2nd class and English First class) zJ1934=35 w>rR
vde.H tylRM.vDRI
14
pDRuFDM.xl
tulmcH
zJyvJRqS.0hR0DRw>vX0;uD>pJ.tylR,ySRok;zdpRD o.xhvRD uGmH vXoX

e.&H.w>’k;tylRvXy’k;w>’D;ySR0;zdwz.tcgM.vDRI rhr>h t0Jo.h w
cDtySRoH (30) ’D;vDRr>uGmH 0J (40) *RM.vDRI tcgzJM.yok;’hc.d rh>0J
(F.O.N.Fond)’D;ok;uhc.d rh>0J(Col.R.C.Fletcher) M.vDRI vXw>’k;
t0JtRH t*D>,ok;&›.[h.rRvRuyDR,RvXusdcyH sD (Double barrel)
wcd.’D;vHmtk.o;wbh.M.vDRI
tulmoX
wkRrh>,[JuRh qlr.h rF;d ’D;yb.w>ok;ySRqlr.h uv.’l.< 0h>wul.’D;

zJ1949,’d;M> (Jarmadar) vD>vRM.vDRI wkR[D.cd.w>’k;cHbsDw
bsD[JwkR’D;yb.*kRuhRqluD>th’,.[;xD.vXcD.vX0h>uo.M.
vDRI yok;usRd cd.rh>0J (Lt. Col. Abannethy) M.vDRI zJytd.vXuD>th’
,.tcg,EkmvDRql (Chin Levy) tok;rk>tylRM.vDRI cHe.H tvD>cH,
vJRxD.o’Xrk>w>rRvdvXuD>th’,.’fod;yuuhRqluD>y,DRt*D>
M.vDRI w>rRvdc.d rh>0J (Col.Toke 1.S1.D.C.O) M.vDRI ,oh.eD.
ySRok;zdw*RoHu>G ok;cd. ?ok;cd.{X< zJypH.H vDRo’Xrk>tcgo’Xrk>rh>w
td;xD.to;yub.rR‘fv.J / ‘D;ok;cd.pH;qXtDR< ?wkRrh>o’Xrk>w
td;xD.’D;oh.ngoyS>uwX>vXtrh>ezkvRD w>vXcHuwX>wbsDv/H
15
1939=44=eH.twD>ylRyu±l>zdyb.w>qSXu’guhRySRqlu>D y,DR’D;,
b.uJu±l>zdtHRtcd.’D;,rHRvXw>clol.tyeD>rh>0J (Bud Four)
M.vDRI vXbl.tXv>oDtylRyuzkvRD qlvmcDt*D>yysv D RD r>uGmH < ySR
zkvRD egpdRtCdco H ’D ;D cHeRtvD>cH< ,y.tok;zD.M>uGmH yu±l>zdwz.
zJyoH.txHx.pUM.vDRI ,y.ok;qSXuGmH ySRvXyoH.ql0>h wul.weR
CDt0JM.vDRI vXus’J b D Md .yb.w>rRqgy,GyJ RS e;r;vDRI ywkRxD.
vX0h>zdw0h>vXtrh>yD’.J (aygif;xnf) bl;’D;0h>wul.M.vDRI wkRrh>,
wl>w>qgwuJvXRb.M.,pSDRwH>ySRok;zdvXtrRqg,Rw*R
tpk’;D t0Jou H >G ,R ?b.rEkRezD.,RvJ./ ’D;,pH;qXtDR<?,zD.’D;
xd. uG>ezH;'D;,zH;tCd,oh.ngvXtrh>’.ySRunDr>k xD.zd’o f ;d ’.
,RM.vDR/ t0Jou H >G ,R?erh>ySRc&Hmzd{g/ ‘D;,pH;qXtDRvX,rh>ySRc
&Hmzd’;D t0JwqJ X,RvXogrh>ySRc&Hmzdw*Rph>uD;M.vDRI ‘D;t0Jwu J
’D;vX?erhr>h c&Hmzdewb.vDw>b./,oh.ngvXySRtHRrh>c&Hmzdo;k
cd.w*R’D;,wJqXtDR?,wvDw>b.I ,uwdRw>rh>w>wDvRD I vX
eRwcDewem,Rb.eb.rRqgy,Gw J ysKmySRqgwbX;bX;xJtRH ng
M.< ywb.w>rRqgySR’ftRH eDwbsb D .I/
tulmvGH>
vXw>[JuRh qlu>D y,DRtHR,rl’grh>0J’of ;d ,u[JuRh qJ;usX’D;pDRbD

eH.bG‹;vXyw>qJ;usX’D;tDRvDRr>wh>vH (6) vgw*RM.vDRI ySRqSXySR
ql0>h wul.tCdmylRtcg< ,vJRtd.b.vXw>’k;CmwzsX.tylR’D;
,uG>xD>w>’l.uyR,xH.rHRcHzsX>uG;J vDRto;vXtrh> Maj. H.P
16
pDRuFDM.xl
Seagrim ‘D; L.T pDRb;uF.

D vXtrh>wh>,wHRoud;vD>vHRzJ(3rd Burma
Rifles)M.vDRI Maj H.P Seagrim G.C.D. S.O.M.B.E.w*RCDvX
ySRunDursX>tg*Rud;nDEk>tDRzkxDcD.M.vDRI ,R’D;,ySRu±l>zd
wz.yb.w>’k;CmySRoXvg’D;zJw>’k;CmtylR,xH.vdm,o;’D;
pDRbDe.H bG‹;w*RM.ph>uD;vDRI
zJ,R’D;,ySRu±l>zdwz.b.w>ys>zs;J xD.ySRvXw>’k;CmM.< yb.ydm
xD.zk.cD. (,y.) tcHvXyub.uJyRS zDrRh zdM.vDRI ,y.tok;wzk
tHRtrlt’grh>ub.vlRCkx.H M>tJuvH;ok;&h. (136) td.w>tvD>
M.vDRI zJM.tcg,R’D;,oud;pDRoJ;0gusJ;pX;Ch>ylRzsJ;xD.M.vDRI
wkRunDvJbH ok;zdwz.b.oCdmySR’D;yydmxD.tcHqlupX>w
z.ud;0JupX>pH.zdzJ Lt Col. Peacock (vD>u0DRok;*h>0Dc.d )’D;Maj. Saw
ButleruJc.d uJe>vXok;&h. (136) tvD>M.vDRI ,rRoud;w>’D;t0J
oh.wkRvX (1945) eH.vgtDuml (15) oDz[ J .D cd.w>’k;cHbsw D bsuD
wX>teHRM.vDRI
tulm,J>
wkRrh>[D.cd.w>’k;cHbsDwbsD0HR0J’D;,uhRrRoud;u’guhRw>’D;,
ok;xH;vD>vHR (3rd Burma Rifles) 0HREkmvDRuhRql (2nd Karen Rifles)
vXtb.w>yXqSXtDR’D; (Col. Galbraith) M.vDRI 1946 eH.< ,M>b.
w>cG;J w>,mvX,uxD.b.ok;cd.e>zdw>rRvd’;D eD.*H> (3) rDx.w>
od.vdwz.M.vDRI w>od.vd0RH ,’d;M>b.q.cHz;D vDRI w>tHRtvD>
cHw>qSXu’D;,Rql B.O.A.T.S (uD>y,DRok;rk>’d.cd.e>w>rRvd
uF)d ,’d;M>ok;cd.pd (Captain) vD>vRM.vDRI w>qSXu’D;,Rql War
17
Office vX,uxD.w>rRvdvX (Q) tw>rRvdtvD>wkRrR0HR(Q

Course) M.,’d;M>b.rl’gzJ (Burma Army Officer Training School
B.A.O.T.S.) ’fo;k w>od.vdo&.w*Rtod;M.vDRI ,b.[h.w>
od.vdoXcgvXok;o&.od.vdw>tusgM.vDRI ,ok;qS.› rRM>w>
vRuyDR’fyRS t*hRuwX>vXw>rRvdtylRM.vDRI wcsK;yp;xD.w>rR
vdqn l gwywD>M.unDo;k zdcvJ Xmb.w>zD.‘k;CmtDRvDRI p;xD.vX
M.vHRvHRyw’d;M>ybl;yvJ’;D yw>td.bS;H phrRpXR Pension vXRb.M.
vDRI
tulmCk
p;xD.vX 1949 vgthjzh.M.,[JEmk vDRqlw>yX>qXtw>rRvXt
,Hm0J 15 eH.M.vDRI vXw>rR’DwuwD>,wrRM>,cG;J xJwoD’.vJm
tCdo;k cd.usX>pDRbd.rF;[h.vDR,RtcG;J cHvgM.vDRI tcgzJM.,rh>
ok;uh (6) tok;uhc.d w*RvX KNLA Karen National Liberation
Army M.vDRI vX,w>td.bS;H cHvgtuwD>,td.vX,[H.w>vl>
zdwzsX.tvdRtcgo0Dzw d *RqgvDRtD.uGmH ,R< vJR’k;eJ.,td.w>
tvD>tCdy,DRok;rk>vXrD.vrF.J ok;cd.’d.oDu.HF (Thoung Kyi) [Jz.D
,RM.vDRI oDu.HF rh>,wHRoud;vD>vHRvXyxD. B.A.O.T.S (cd.e>
w>rRvd)udt F cgyrRoud;b.w>’fo;d od;M.vDRI t0JurJG mk ,RvX,
urRoud;w>’D;tDRvXy,DRy’d.tylRb.q.,*h>vdmtDRvDRI vXcH
uwX>t0J[.h ,Rw>xl.zsJ;tvXtySRJ vDRI w>tHR0HRtvD>cH,xD.
uhR (Burma Divinity) (tJuvH;usdmvHmpDqSHuFd) ‘fw>rRvdvDRqD
weH.M.vDRI
18
pDRuFDM.xl
tulmEG H
wcsK;,zsdxD.vHmpDqSHuFd’H;b.M.w>ud;,RvX0h>wD.uFHbsXxHw>
td.zF.d vX,uuJw>td.zS.d o&.t*D>M.vDRI ,wl>vdmw>ud;tHR
’D;vJRuJw>td.zS.d o&.p;xD.vX 1967 eH.< vgth_z.h 16 oDwRk vDR
vX 1973eH.’D;zJ 1973 eH.M.w>td.zSd.[h.’d;,Rympk’D;,rRu’D;
’H;w>’fo&.’d.ympkw*Rtod;wkR 1989 eH.M.vDRI zJuD>y,DR’H.
rd.jch.pH.tw>wXxD.tuwD>M.,[Jqu l nDo;k rk>’d.t[D.u0DR
’D;rRpXRt0Jo.h ’fw>o;ckupD.tySR[h.ul.w>w*Rtod;M.vDRI cJ
tHR,td. 81 eH.b.q.,rR’H;’.up>,GRtw>rR’D;Chbgxkuz.
vX,GRu[h.vDRw>Clw>rkmvXuD>y,DRt*D>’D;td.cd;rk>v>vXuD>
tJuvH;urRpXRySRvXyutd.’D;w>obst › *D>M.vDRI
(b.q.ok;cd.pDRuFMD .xlt.d bS;H wh>vHvXw>rHrmk zJ 1995 eH.vgth
jzh.25 oD tCd< ,J’.< ‘ftrgo;bdw*Rtod;,pH;bsK;pH;zS.d b.ySR
tJuvH;zdvXto;unDRb.ySR< vDRqD’.w>yySRok;zdv>D vHRzdwz.
’D;qX*hRb.ok< pH;,JvXcHuwX>rf,GRqd.*hRb.okud;*RwkRw>vX
w>ySRJ wuh>I)
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
19
pDRrR±SX.±ì›.
pDRrR±SX.±ì.› < o;yS>p.±ì.› v;tzdcgG td.zs.J xD.zJ 1924 eH.vgrhR (24)oD
M.vDRI zJ 1941 eH.< vgpJ;yxhbX. (14) oDt0JEmk vDRtJuvH;ok;ql
(Burma Frontier Force, Signal) eD.eJ.zsgvXuD>y,DRx;cD0>h yF. D bG.J
M.vDRI tcgzJM.tok;&h.cd.rh>0J Major Hayfield ’D; 21/C Capt.
Nicolson wz.M.vDRI tok;xH;tHRb.w>u&Xu&du’guhRtDR< ’D;
vJuRh trHRql (Burma Signal) zJu>D th’,.0h> (Hoshiarpur) zJ 1943
eH.M.vDRI zJM.tok;cd.wz.rh>0J Maj. Carlyn (1942=1945) ‘D;
Lt.Col .R. Webb ( 1946 =47) M.vDRI
zJ,EkmvDRok;tHR,eD>up>eD.*H>rh>0J 1231 ( W/884 Burma Signals)

M.vDRI zJ 1949 eH.M.w>[h.,RvD>vR L/capt ‘D;zJ 1946=47
eH.tylR’d;M>b.vD>vR Capt- Sgt M.vDRI vJRxD.b.0J*>H cD.xH;usd
zdw>rRvd (Infantry Traning) 3 vg’D; ( Wire less Operator) w>rRvd
(6) vgM.vDRI
rh>vX,y.tuvHRok;rk>[JEmk vDRc;0h>wul.zJ 1941 eH.c&Hmtd.zs.J
teHRtCdok;xH;tHRb.ok;tvD>ql0h>zdteHpcg (teD;pcef;) vXt
bl;’D;0h>rh.rFd; (cJtHRyF‹.tlvG‹.) ‘D;,rRvdzsdxD.0J’. (Wirless
Operator) w>rRvdzt J eHpcgtHRM.vDRI
zJ,y.tok;rk>p;xD.< [JEmk vDRuD>y,DRM.ok;xH;0JtRH *kRtcHq0l >h rF‹;
uFeH g (ucF‹.uD>pJ.) vXvh.rh.tlM.vDRI b.q.td.0JxpJ RS oD0RH ok;
20
pD R rR±S X .±ì › .
xH;’Dzb
k .*kRuhRtcHvRJ w>vXcD.wkRuD>th’,.tylRM.vDRI tgeH.
tgoDtvD>cHvRJ wkR0Jw>vD>ud;0J (Ledo-Hukawng valley) upX>’h.phR
tcgyb.[;wh>0JtrH;vm(usJr;H vm) 105 vH’;D usJM.rh>usJwbdql
uD>th’,.M.vDRI rh>w>plRvDRoDtuwD>’D;usJbs›ucD ’J .d ’d.uvJm
vDRI rh>vXup>,GRtbskK;tzS.d tCd C.O Major Hayfield xk;xD.
[h.ok;zdwz.vXoXvgtbl;tvJM.vDRI wuwD>CDM.eD.eJ.zsg
(signals) yD;vDwz.b.w>xk;xD.[h.,eD.eJ.zsgok;’fod;uqJ;
usXok;0JRvD>cd.oh.zJuD>th’,.M.vDRI ySRtd.vXu±l>tHRtylRw
z.rh>0J< 1I pl.y.’.pDRzdtD.< 2I [D.b’>pDRxln h(xGef;_idrf;)< 3I
Naik pDRb;0h< 4I Lance Naik Sam Lut La, 5I vDuGgzdpDRcFH;zh.< 6I
vDuGgzdpDRed*H>< 7I vDuGgzdpDR Speuccer< 8I vDuGgzdpDReJvfpX.< 9I
vDuGgzdpDRrD.qh;< vDuGgzdpDRtD.±S.› < 11I vDuGgzdpDRrg±SX.±ì.› ’D; 12I
ok;zdpDRed&h. (vXtrh>pl.b’>pDRzdtD.tysJ>) wz.M.vDRI (wd>eD.=
vDugG zd = Signalman)
zJtuwD>tHRok;xH;rd>yS>wcD*Rk uhR’.tcHqu l >D th’,.tzXrk>M.vDRI
yu±l>zdtRH [;z;’D;ok;xH;rd>yS>pSRoD0RH tvD>cH< vXw>wqdurd.tylR
yb.oCdm’D;ok;uhc.d (Haswell) M.vDRI yxH.vdmtDRtd.xJw*R{dR
vXodvh.uFH;zf’D;txGH.zdw’kM.vDRI t0JwJb.yu±l>cd.vX,y.
[JEkmwkRvXrF‹;uFHegvH’D;rXyu±l>cd.vJRydmtcHqlpl.y&.bl.
(Subrabun) ucF‹.uD>pJ.vDRI ywkRpl.y&.bl.(ef) ’D;ytd.bS;H pSRoD0RH
wkRu’D;ql (Putao-Fort Hertz) vXtrh>ucF‹.uD>pJ.uvHRpd;yl.w.
td.w>yXM.vDRI zJM.,eD>up>’.,J,’d;M>w>vdRud>z;’d.’D;w>
n.*d>tCd (Lance Naik Samlu La) ‘D;vDugG zdr.D qh;wz.tH;uG>,g
21
bsgb.uhR,R*hRr;M.vDRI yvJRcdzsu
d su
J u J RH tvD>cHywkRCDR (Fort
D s,
Hertg) vXtrh>yl.w.td.w>yX*hR*hRylR’k.ylR’gM.vDRI
cDzsu
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M.ok;uhc.d Haswell [h.vDRw>uvk>vXyub.vJRymzsgxD.yo;
’Do;k w>u,Xu,JtvXtySRJ ql (Fort Hertz) ubD,Rl ysMD .vDRI wkR
rh>ywkRubD,Rl yszD ’d ;D yxH.b.ok;t0Hpmd wDqXS (Dakota)ubD,Rl zdw
bh.td.ymto;M.vDRI w>[h.vDRySRw>uvk>vXyub.ym wh>us<d
usdcsHySmo.’D;u,J>ok;*DRu>ud;rHR’D;uxD.qlubD,lRtylRt
*D>M.vDRI vXy*D>rh>w>vDRurXur.b.ySRzJubD,lR[;xD.tcg
M.vDRI t*h>’ftRH rh>y’d;b.ubD,Rl tqduwX>wbst D CdvRD I rlc.d
uvHRoD.*DRb.vdmb.p;*hRr;vDRI wbsK;e.&H.0HRtvD>cHypDRvDR
b.zJuD>th’,.0h> (Tin Sukia) bs›bs›qSDqSDM.vDRI wkRrh>ypH.vDR
vXubD,Rl ysw D bsC D yD md rk.< rkmo;rRpXRu&Xwl>vdmySR*hR*hRb.b.
’D;’k;tDyRS xHcsDu>d vXRvXRzd’;D w>tD.w>tDr>l eD>*hR’d.r;M.vDRI b.
q.yok; uhc.d HaswellteD>up>’.0Jt.d wh>’.vX (Fort Hertg) yl.
w.td.w>yX’D;p;xD.u&Xu&dx.D 0JuvHRpd;ucF‹.vJb.H (Northern
Kachin Levies - NKL) ‘D;vDugG zdpRD cF;H zh.td.wh>’D;tDRvXuuJtys>J t
*D>M.vDRI (vXcHyoh.ngb.uhRvXok;uhcd. Haswell tHRoHb.
0Jrkmrkmck.ck.zJ 1942 uwX>tylRM.vDRI) zJ 1942 bl;uuwX>tHR
M.y[;xD.vX Tin Sukia‘D;ok;u’D;yo;ql Debrugah tw>td.bS;H ’J
u0DRM.vDRI yuhRymzS.d xD.u’gb.uhRyo;’D;yok;xH;rd>yS>’.0JzJ
Debrugah vJR0hR0DRqlw>vD>wwDRb.wwDR’D;[H;M>w>’k;ok;tw>
td.uok.cG;J wvgzJ0>h Amrisar Punjab bl;’D; Lahore uD>pJ.M. vDRI
22
pD R rR±S X .±ì › .
vXcHM.yok;xH;rd>yS>b.w>u&Xu&dxD.uhRtDRzJ (Hoshiarpur)
M.vDRI (Burma Frontier Force Signals) wcDymzS.d xD.uhRto;’D;
(Burma Army Signals) tySRwz.0HRymvDR0Jtcd.vX (Major Carlyn)
M.vDRI zJ 1943 eH.cD.xH;yb.xD.ok;*h>0Dw>rRvdvXtql.’fod;
yutd.uwJmuwDRyo;vXw>rJmngok;tw>[l;w>*JRt*D>M.vDRI
wkRrh>ok;*h>0Dw>rRvdw>&J.w>usRJ wz.0HR’D;w>[h.vDRySRtcG;J wvg
’D;y[Jt.d uok.vXycG;J tylRvXeH.yDu>D 0h> Darjeeling (Nepal) Hill
Station M.vDRI w>tHR0HRtvD>cH H BFF SignalstySRw z.uhRym
zsgxD.to;zJ (Hoshiarpun) M.vDRI ySRwz.M.rh>0J(1) [D.b.’>pDR
b;vh (2) Naik pDRug&H; (3) vDugG zdpRD xdtl (4) vDugG zdpRD tD.xdc.h <
(5) vDugG zdpRD uFeD .H 0h (6) vDugG zdpRD bJM.oh.wz.M.vDRI
y[H;M>cGJ;wvg0HRw>ymvDRM.yvD>zJ Imphal b.C; Manipur
vD>u0DRw>yXvX 14th Army Corps D Signals Light W/T Dettachment
Station tzDvmvXtb.w>yXqSXtDRvX Naik pDRuR&HpM f .vDRI ySR
vXt*Rwz.rh>0J21?CL/ Naik pDRuFeD .H 0h< vDugG zdpRD bJM.< vDugG zdpRD
tD.±S.› < vDuGgzdpDRrg±SX.±ì.› O.C (‘k;,Rrl’gcd.) Capt .R.E. Kitson
(Royal Signal) 2.I.C. Lient. Vault (India Signals) oh.wz.M.vDRI
wkR (1943) tuwX>w>ymvDRu’D;yvD>vXucF‹.uvHRpd;vJbH;pf
(N.K.L.)’D;b.w>qSXtDRvX Major Disilva ‘D;t 2.I.C. Major Rosnal
wz.’D;yb.ok;yvD>0HR[H;M>rl’gwwDRb.wwDRwkRvDRvXod.rSHR
ok;u±l>wz.vX General Stilwell wDcd.&d.rJtDRvXw±l;tok;rk>
K.M.T. rRM>yXuhRrF‹;uFe H gwpk< tqXuwD>rh>0JzJ 1944 eH.vgtDu;l
tylRM.vDRI 0HRtvD>cHw>ud;u’guhRySRqlo;k 0JRvD>cd.oh.td.zJ
23
Shillong (Assam)uD>pJ.tylRzJvgtD;uxdbX. 1944 eH.M.vDRI 0HRt

vD>cHw>[h.vDRw>uvk>’fyRS vXtrHRtd.uG;J vDRto;wz.uymzsg
xD.b.to;ql Lt.Col Mayneb.C; Inter Servies Liaison
Depantment (I.S.L.D) td.ol.vDRto;zJ0h>uv;uwg< uD>th’
,.tylRM.vDRI yuhRymzS.d rRoud;w>’D; I.S.L.D.‘D;yb.xD.o’X
rk>w>rRvdzJ0h> Jorhart uD>th’,.M.vDRI ypH.vDRvXo’Xrk>zJ
’k.’gtd.w>tvD>cHz0J >h z.yl.zJunDupX>usgvD>u0DR< ‘Dy’k;,RrHRcl
ol.rh>0J Blast (4) M.vDRI yw>ynd.rh>0J’o
f ;d yuCkM>w>upD.0HRuhR
vDRql0>h ’0J>wuyRt*D>M.vDRI vX,GRtbsK;xl;zS.d wDRtCdM.w
csK;w>rRys>’D;w>&J.w>usJR0HR’H;b.M.,y.y’d.ymvDRuGHmvHpku
0JRvXyXRbD(c|if;csuf)wtd.0Jb.zJvgtDul; 14 oD 1945 eH.0HRt
vD>cHy[JuhRu’g’D;ymzsgxD.yo;vX I.S.L.D.tok;0JRvD>cd.oh.zJ
0h>wul.< w>[h.vDRu‘D;ySR’k;,Rw>td.bSH;tcGJ;vXuuhRtd.o
ud;[H.zdCzD vd Xytd.vDRz;’D;tDRvX[D.cd.w>’k;cHbsw D bsv
D XvG>H eH.
tvD>cHM.vDRI zJ1945 eH.c&Hmtd.zs.J M.yuhRymzS.d xD.u’guhRyo;
’D;yok;xH;vD>vHRzJ0h>rh.rFd;M.vDRI zJvg,lRvH 5 oD1947 ,’d;
wh’d;zsD,o;’D;e;(ef)*FLvH.rFH;M.vDRI w>vRuyDRyeD.vX,’d;
M>wz.rh>0J< 1939-45 Star Medal ‘D; Burma Star Medal wz.vDRI
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
24
pDRthuFD.
pDRthuFD.
,td.zs.J vXo0Du’J; (uwdu k )f uF;J v;uD>q.zF.yl.uD>&h.ys.› xHx.

pUzJ 1920 eH.,rRvdw>zJ,lwD;(±Hk;a’guf)wDRcX.o;uFdvDRI ,[;
xD.uF0d RH zJ 1938 ‘D;,EkmvDRtJuvH;ok;zJ Sale Barracks (a*:&muH;k )
B.A.M.C. H.Q , OC trHRMajor Shanker vDRI w,Hmb. Dr. Mg
Mg Gyi xD.uhR0J’D;,Ekmb.vX Ambulance Section rhrh>ySRvX
Nursing section wz.b.xD.w>rRvdvXrh.uv.’d., rh.rFd;,
rgwvhvDRI Ambulance Section wz.b.xD.w>rRvdzJ Sale
Barracks wkRvXzk.cD.w>’k;bl;uuJx. D w>wlmvdmtgxD.ySRtoDt
cg,’d;M>vD>vRoXyV(ok;puDR) [D.y’. (Hovildar) vXuDRvRol
usmd vDRI ,uJx.D ok;o&.0HR’D;yb.w>CkxXok;’hw’h’;D qSXySRql0>h
rD.vrF.J ’Ju0DRymvDR0JvXrl;’d. (rk’)kH uyR&DbX;us;D vDRI ok;rk>t*R
tgzkt.d w,HR ‘D;ySRb.I ytd.vXyu&X>’.0Jpmk pkmwkRzk.cD.ok;Ekm
vDRvXuF.D wJ.uD>ylR’D;w>uvk>vDRyb.ok;yo; qlu>D qXzJr;F xH.I
‘D;qlru JG sv
d RD I zk.cD.M>b.ySRyF;us’J ;D cD0u
J >D qX’D;cDzsu
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wpJ;’D;ok;u’D;wkRvX0h>wul.vDRI zk.cD.tubD,Rl [Ju;d rk>eHRvDRI
od.rSRH wcDtubD,Rl zdr>h 0J AVG vDRI ubD,Rl td.pSRtCdb.xD.c;
vdmo;b.q.vXcHuwX>w>uvk>vDRvXyb.[;xD.uGmH vX0h>w
ul.’D;zJy[;xD.vXusyJ vJRcDzsb d .w>vD>tgwDRyb.rHp>h uD;cHeRoX
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yvJRu’D;qlng’D;ok;zdb.’db.xH;wz.[JwRk vXytd.xDbv d RD I
25
ok;b.’dvXw>rJmngwz.[JwRk zS.d yb.uG>rRuqSt D ylRvD>< zXEkmu

oH.bd.xD.uhRweDR< ul;ugq;uhRw>ylRvD>bd.’D;qSXu’D;qlngw
wDR0HR[JwkRu’D;tg’D;pSRwl>vJ>pJ>_yJ;vDRI rhrh>ok;cJvXm[;xD.uGHm
zJx;D uF;teHRok;zdt.d wh>vXcHuwX>wzkb.’dtguwX>’D;rh>uDRvR
ok;wzkvRD I eHR0JtRH yb.rR First Aid tguwX>weHRvDRI yqSXuGmH
vXm’D;y0Jp>h uD;yb.ok;yo;wkRvXyF.H < tD.v.< o,J;rF;d < rhb<l ruG‹
oh.wz.’D;ytd.ywkmb.pSRoD0RH tvD>cHyRS qSXySRvXodv.h vJRcDzsd
b.rh;xH.v.< t.r&;yl.&;< wtd.ywkmb.I wkRvXpudik ;f ytd.y
wkmpSRoDtcgb.td;xD. First Aid Centre rRpXRySRqgwz.’D; qSXuHmG
tDRqlngyS>D yS>D ql India ugusrJ eH;yl.&;u,Du,Dyok;yo;qlwrl< u
vh0;usJvXubD’D;odvh.wbsDbsD< vXcD.usJwbsDbsD< cDzsdb.w>
vD>tgwDRr;b.q.woh.eD.xD.trHRvXRb.I tcgtHRySR India uDR
vRolursX>wz.yk’.H pdmzdvXtuv;td.uwX>usq J ;d uhreH RD oHb.
q.ySRuG>wtd.b.I td.ph>uD;uwX>usJ’DbdvDRI vXcHuwX>y’d;
b.odv.h qSXySRwkRvX0h>upX>cd.wzsX. Shillong td.vX Assam uD>
ylRvDRI ytd.bS;H b.wbsK;vgvDRI rh>vXw>rRwtd.tCdyvJRql0>h
ylRuG>w>*DRrl< vJRtD.w>vXw>tD.tvD>wbsDbsDvRD I
xHu>D zdt.d zJtRH wz.ud;vDRo;vXubH. Kasie uvkmrh>’. Assam

ySRupX>cd.wz.tD.obsK.oJ;o.tDrmD oh.cd.’fyRS unDupX>cd.t
od;vDRI ugusJwtd.b.tCdt0Jo.h ykx.D xd;< xd.‘h.< qD< w>ol
w>o.vXt[H.ylR0Hx.D 0JvXtcsXvJRql0>h ylRydmvdmtcHr.k ’D;cGgvJR
qg0Jvt J .D 0J‘;D [ko;tHo.’D;w>tD.t*RzJt.J ’d;0J0RH ’XEkmvDR0Jqt l
CRz;’d.tylR< 0Hx.D 0J’;D [JuRh oud;qlto0DwEGw H bsv D RD I bSt
D .d
26
pDRthuFD.
[H.vXupX>cd.upX>uyRt[H.M.w’d.< tcd.zk.zk.wu-xXvDRI
w>*d>bS.› vDRrRuJRrh.tlvXt[H.ylRrH0zJ rJ .h tluyRvDRI vX0h>ylRw
z.rRvdb.w>< ul.b.ul.ohx.D rH;±SX.uFt d .d ph>uD; tCdux
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c&Hmzdt.d ph>uD;weDRvDRI
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d z.0Hw>vXtcsXtD.obsK.< tDrmd us’d o
f ;d ySRvXuD>y,DRt
w>uwdRvDRqDu;d vDRto;vXu.qH.’D;uwdRw>’D;ySRvX Hindi w>
uwdRvDRI w>vD>zJM.ySRc&Hmzdtd.b.q.yvJRwwkRvXto&dm
b.I w>qSXu’D;ySRql0h>yleg Poona ‘D;ytd.b.vX0h>tcsXzJok;tg
zkt.d qd;tvD>yxH.b.ph>uD;ok;t*RvXtrh>y.cF.yH.< uD>&cg< cFD
ok;zdtoD’D;&cX.ok;toDwz.rRvdok;w>rRvdzJ Burma Rifles,
Burma Army, Signal M.T wz.vXtvD>’.0Jw*RwwDRpkmpkmvDRI rR
u’D;vXcHwwDRw>qSXySRql Hoshiapur td.vX Punjab yvJRtd.b.
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ytd.zJM.tcgw>CkxXxD.u’D;ySRwzkvXuvJRvXw>rJmngw>vD>
bl;’D; Inpal zJzk.cD.ok;rk>[JxD.’k;w>’D;tJuvH;ok;rk>’D;b.C.u
’guhRto;wbst D vD>rh>vXw>tD.vlRxD.tDRwwkRb.’D;ySRe.u;
upX>cd.zdwz.tbkwtd.b.tCdvRD I ,vJRtd.b.zJM.pSRvg0HR
,M>tcG;J [JuRh td.bS;H vXvD>cX.o; (H.Q) zJyel g (Poona) tcg< ,
ChtcG;J ,vJRqlu;v;uwg’D;xH.M>wHRoud;weDRyvJRoHu>G ’D;w>
wl>vdmySRyEkmvDRw>rRzJ US Army 101 b.vJRvXubD,Rl ’D;pH.vDR
vXw’Xrk>vDRI [h.0Jw>od.vdzw J >ol.vmz;tus;D ylRpSRvg’D;w>rX
vDRySRcJvXmCd;*RvDRI y’d;xD.ubD,Rl vXrk>eR’D;ypH.vDRb.vXo
27
’Xrk>zJ&rd ;upX>vdRbl;’D;0h>und;uG‹vRD I ytd.zJM.tcgyvJR[;ql’l

o0DweDRvXbl;’D;zk.cD.vh>vdRusq J XS w>upD.tusgvJR’D;wdvXzk.
cD.oX*RvDRI ySRqSXt0Jo.h vXvh.’fo;d ucDqrl >k xD.’D;qlu>D uF.D wJ.
t*D>vDRI
zJM.tcgzk.cD.wz.CkvRJ cDqrl >k xD.wuyR< ySRc;pJ;_y;J wz.vlRcd;c;

t0Jo.h ’D;b.’dtgr;vDRI ‘D;zk.cD.oX*RtHRurh>ok;cd.wz.vDRI t
0Jo.h pdmCkm’D;e;z;xD’;D zk.cD.eD.w,>M.vDRI yySRwz.tHRvJRcd;zJ
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o;vXcHw>ud;pduhRtDR’D;oh.ng0JtCd[JuhRvXw>ysHRw>zk;tylR
vDRI rRM>0JvHmvJ>< eD.w,>’D;e;z;xDwz.cJvXmvDRI wrh>vXt
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’D;td.bS;H vXy’lo0D/ ’D;y[;xD.zJM.tcg,oud;vD>vHRw*RwJ0t J J
uvH;ubDo;k ud;ySRubDzt d oD RNVR Burma zJ St. Paul uFu d &X>
tHRvDRI ,vJRzJM.xH.vdmo;’D;ySRoDzv d XyoH.wz.vDRI yvJRyF;y
o;vXw>qg[H.’D;yb.w>wl>vdmzJM.vDRI zJM.tcgySRunDtcd.
weDRtusgvXtrh> Saw Jack, Raymond Tun Myine, Shwe Thee,
Magsi Po Thing oh.wz.td.0Jwbsb D s,
D vJRb.vXubDo;k tqH;
28
pDRthuFD.
HDML td.b.wvgcHvgtgbs’D ;D zJ,td.vXcdtcg,b.vJRcd;rl’gw

bsbD spD >h uD;zJu>D cd.t[H. Government House M.vDRI zJo;k cd.’d.tD.
qgb.w>rRoHtDRtcg,td.’H;zJvD>cX.o;zJ St. Paul uFdu&X>t
ylRvDRI ,e>[lyRS [JuRh wz.wJ0, J R’k,woh.ngw>eDwrHRb.I zJ
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xD.uGHmzJM.vDRI ,[;xD.td.zJ (bdw k pfaxmif) tcg,EkmvDRrR
w>vX BBTCL oh.pJ;ylRt cg,xH.uDRvR[JuRh vXyF‹regoh.yS> Mr.
Jame, Mr. Brown, Mr.Rees oX*R[Jw, J RvXtJ.’d;0JyRS unDzo d X*R
vXuvJRql British North Borneo uvJRtd;xD. oh.w>rRt*D>vDRI
,oHu>G t0Jo.h yub.rRrEkRvJ.’D;t0Jo.h pH;qX,RvX?yuvJR
[;uG>oh.yS>< b.rHb.td.vXyS>ylR< zDt.D w>tD.’fot k .D tod;y0J
ytD.rhR’fo;d okov h RD I/
y0JunDoX*RuFD.±S<› 0grd.’D;,Ry’d;xD.ubD BISN zJ0h>wul.cDzsd

yH.e.wkRvX0h>phuzl’d;xD.ubDzdwbh.wkRvX Sarawat t0h>cd.
Kuching td.pSRoDig0JubDzw d bh.}wD>ySR (30) *R[;xD.qly.D vJ.
uX>cd.wwDR0HRwwDREkmvDRzJxHusdzdtylR’D;xD.qlxHcHrh>bl;’D;o0D
Chr0H zJ yJ RS xHzu
d >D zdzMJ .wz.to0DyRl vDRI ySRwz.tHRto0Dzrd >h td.
t’l. 30=40 b.q.bS’D .[H.z;xDwzsX.’l.w’X;w’X;’D;ySRw’l.
td.w’X;’Dzd’DvHRxGH.o.rH,DRtd.vX[H.ylRcJvXmvDRI CDvXxD.
[H.ylRM.oh.wusD.usDywD>0JwywD>wywD>xD.pH.vDR0J’.zd’;D vHR
M.vDRI rk>eRcgxk;xD.tCDq[ l .H ylR’D;vX*DRuvJRw>tcgpJRvDRuhR
0Jq[l .D cd.vdRvDRI ySRwz.tHRtuh>t*DRvDR*m’D;ySRunDxgulxg
uR’fo;d ySRb.q.tqhuRtd.’D;tpkz;xDvRD I td.vX[H.tcg,
29
wxH.uRqhb.I td.xJtvJvRD I vJRql0>h tcgr;uRxD.0Jtqh<

zs.D xD.tcd.zs.D qJ;vDR0Jx.d uD;xd.cht’H;vHmxD.0Jx;d rJp.JG vXtudm
wCDRwl>0JvXe>ylRvDRI ‘D;qJ;tudmvXuoH.*DR< uoH.olto;eg
yS>’D;zHb.cd.ph>uD;vDRI [;vXySRusgySRoh.ngwbsDCv D RD I
yvJRw>’D;uDRvRwz.tHRvXcHuwX>ywkRvXw>vD> Sandakan p;
xD.rRoud;w>’D; Coy t*Rwz.vXtrh>uvHRxH;bDe, H .d w>rRoh.
tok;qS.› (North Borneo Timber Coy) 0HRrRtgxD.u’D;0JzJ Tawau
0h>uyRrRxD.usxJ ;k vDRoh.qlxu H syd Rl vDRI ubDzw
d z.wcD,x l ;k ql
yD.vJ.‘D;ubDz;’d.wz.wcDt.d cd;’D;xk;xD.ymvDR0Jqu l bDvRd ’D;
qSX0Jql Hong Kong , Japan ‘D;qlr>k EkmuD>wz.ttd.vDRI
,[JwRk vXbDet H .d Borneo rh>pUz;’d.wpU’;D w>yXtDRvXySRcHuvkmI

tJuvH;yXwuyR’D; Dutch yXwuyRvDRI ,J,vJRwkRM>rh> Sarawak
vXtJuvH;yXwuyRt0h>cd.rh>0Jccl .›F (Kuchin) vDRI ,vJRwkRzJM.,
xH.b.ySRuD>zdwuvkmud;0JvX Dayak Eban vDRI tydmcGgwz.t
e>ylRz;vJ>< ‘H;0JvXxd;zgtrJp.JG qJ;oltudm,l>o;egyS>zHb.cd.vXu
oH.ol’D;t*DRvDRI ytd.zJM.wEGHbsJ.yudRvR0gwz.igxD.ubDzd
Mortor Boat wbh.ySRoXqH’;d ohvRD I y0JoX*R’D;yudRvRoX*R< y
‘d.oh.yS>rRw>zdc*H RCkm’D;ySRrvhyRS rRw>zd (10) *R’d;xD.ubDqyl .D
vJ.’D;ydmvDRyD.vJ.eHRqlr>k xD.wcDx.H b.xJ ("ed) xl.uwX>rJm’D;
vJRqlngxHusdzdwbdzsdxD.qlyD.vJ.eHRyubDzdEkmvDRCD.xD.
qlxcH vH RD I w,Hmb.wkRvXxHbsgxHqXvXxHcw H cDvRD I vJRu’D;wkR
30
pDRthuFD.
o0DwzsX.rh>ySR Dayak o0Dt0Jo.h td.[H.wzsX.{dR’Do0DvRD I t[H.

M.rR0J’yf RS rRw>zdt[H.z;xD’.k 0J’X;w‘X;ySRtd.w’l.< ySRutd.t
’l.oXqHbs.J td.oud;0J[.H wzsX.CDvRD I [H.tcD.z;xD< CDt.d 0JcH

bdtuwX>wcDwbdvDRI rk>eRcgxk;xD.tCDql[H.ylRrk>qh.0g’D;
pJRvDR0Jq[
l .D cd.vXt0Jo.h t’X;rJmngvDRI yxH.b.ySRcd.CHwz.
bs;vDRpJR0Jzt
J ’X;rJmngtCdyoHu>G wJ0v J XtzkwzktpdRM.ySRwz.
tHRwRvdmo;rwR’lrwRbl.,RvJ.[Jx.D < twcDp>h uD;rh>eR{gbl.
,JoX.I w*R’D;CJmz;xDydm0JpyJ.±SX.< us›0Jth.r;wkRcH*RvXmuG>
qX.rJmxk;xD.CJmvX}wD;ylRxGx J .D tcD. (odik ;f uGu)f xGq
J nl gxGqJ l
cHub.wbsK;e.&H.wkRvXcHuwX>ozSu d sDvmd to;vDRI yySRvXt
rlw*R’D.0JyRS oHw*Rtudm[JuRh pdm0Jxt J cd.o.CHwzsX.ym0JwRk
tzH;tn.vDRyvhRtd.wh>xJc.d CHwzsX.bs;vDRpJR0Jzt J ’X;rJmngwkR
vXtzdpdRvHRpdRymuG>uD0JvDRI vk>v>wcgtHRrhrh>cJtHRwtd.vXR
b.I ,HmvHxv J .J wJwb.b.I rRu’D;zJ,vJRwkRzJM.yst J .d ySRvX
t[H.ylR’D;uDRvR’D;y0JoX*RvXmyrHytd.vXt[H.vDRI t0Joh.
vJR’X.xHvXxHusdylRvXxHvl>o.tukvDRI w>vD>zJM.,wxH.
0.b.I yrh>’X.xHypdmxD.xHvl>o.tukyvJR’X.xHvXxHusdylR
vDRI w>vD>zJM.w>w*d>wud>tgb.tCdt0Jo.h wuRqhuRb.I
td.bh.qh’eD RH rk>cGgcJvXmvDRI trk.ueDRz;‘d.< rk.ueDRzdwz.wuR
qhtCdyuG>yurJmrd.uH;o;wpJ;wpJ;wkRytd.xH.b.nDE>k vHwbsD
wb.w>eDwrHRvXRb.I wbsDtrk>yS>zdw*R[JrX,ud;yF;tDRw>u
vk>’ftrh> bI bSI bSXI 0I C wz.tHRwJ0JySRrvh’D;w±l;wz.wJw
31
xD.b;tCd,oHu>G eRvDRI zJM.tcgywohuwdRrvhusmd tCdyw

usXvdmo;b.ySRoh.wz.tHRwkRvXcHuwX>,u[JuRh qlu>D y,DR
tcguluR’fyRS ulyRS uRcJtRH wz.tod;uqSu
J qSyD md rk.wz.uRqhz;
xDrRwuHtcd.olrR*DRted;bdwz.w’fo;d vXngvXRb.I ,p;xD.
vJRvX 1949 eH. 1952 ,Chtd.bSH;’D;[JuhRqluD>y,DR’D;zJ,[J
uhR,rRw>zJ Tawau North Borneo Timber Coy M.vDRI
yvJRrRw>p;xD.vX 1949 ‘D;,[;xD.[JuRh zJ 1952 ,[JuRh wkR

vX,o0D,qdr.d ,urRw>wrHRrHRb.q.,rRwb.eDwrHRb.
tCd,ydmxD.,oud;w*RtcH’;D [Jqrl >k xD.wcDvRD I wkRvXw>vD>
vXySRud;xl0gvl>M.,qdurd.vX,urRok;t*D>’k,u,d;usd’D;
[;vXupX>usgvX,o;xJtRH ’k,rRwyh>vXRb.I zkpv D rd.ok;cd.
*D>*h>rX,ydmtcHM.vDRI ,Chun;tDRvX,cD.wcDugwusX>b.
tCd,[;td.qgxD.wbsw D bsv k .h uF.H < zkw%k>< QMG
D RD I tCdzt
ud;rX,td.’D;tDR’D;&DbX;xG‹’;D zJyRS rX,rRw>zJtohorF;M.vDRI zJr.J
o0DyRS [JyR›S w>wpJ;wpJ;tcgySRtd;xD.us;vXtqgt.vl< rd>[J’;DyRS
rX,[Jt.d rRpXRvDRI w,Hmb.}wJRuJx.D ’D;zkvX>0grX,rRuhRzJy
’d.xHrt l vD>vDRI wkR’k.’g[Jx.D c;rJ.w0Dtcgok;cd.xJeX.rX,[;
xD.Ckm’D;ySRtd.zJ0RJ ’X;wz.ydmrk.< ydmcGgcJvXmycDq, l Rd uD>’D;cd.e>
usRJ vXyutd.zJbeD >D x.’f’u J 0DRtod;vDRI
,td.’D;zkyRJ ’lwz.tcg,ChvRJ [;qlbs;H A’0J>uD>&h.’D;,[h.wh>rl

’gvXzkyRJ ’luuG>wh>’Ju0DRvDRI ‘D;,vJRzJM.,w[JuRh ’D;td.wh>zJ
bs;H A’0J>uD>&h.rJ>orH.x.0HRtvD>cH,[JuRh ydmo&.&DbX;tcHqrl J
32
pDRthuFD.
qD; KRC 0JRvD>vDRI ,vJRu’D;oh.bDbv

d RJ ol.bkcrh >h 0HRw>vD>tHRy
ol.vDRoh.y[H.wz.vDRI y’d.o;wDo.h yS>wcD&.J usRJ 0JvRD I ,rR
b.xJweH.zd’;D ySRbd;bkct
h qXuwD>w>n.*d>xD.,R< ,[JuRh ql
o&.&DbX;ttd.vDRI
0HR’D;y’d.bH.bD,Rl zD’;D ok;cd.xlxv

l [
h u
J ;d ,R’D;[Jym,RzJC.d oX
zsX.zJwvXR< unD’;k vdmo;0HRtvD>cHvRD I ,td.zJC.d oXzsX.’D;ok;
cd.rguF.D rh’;D w,Hmb.M.rh>vX’k.’gxD.Cd.oXzsX.tCd,[Jt.d
zJp.cv;vDRI w,Hmb.oMrD.’Ju0DRtd.xD.yud;zS.d uhRursX>’D;
td.zS.d uhRzJoMrD.’Ju0DRylRvDRI zJtcgtHR,b.[JuRh td.vXp.c
v;0JRvD>rh>vXw>rRpXRrh>[JuvJRqloMrD.usw J td.tCd’;D vXcHw
pJ;o;yS>rg%SX.[JuhRuG>uhR0JRvD>’D;,td.oud;’D;tDRwkRvX 2004
eH.< vgrhRtylR,[Jy;F ,o;vXw>qg[H.uoH.o&.uG>,R0HRwJ0J
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o&.rk.phzt D u&X>ylR[H.td.uvDwzsX.tylRtd.’D;zH’;D zko;yS>w
eDRvDRI
vXcHuwX>zJuoH.o&.oHuG>,o;eH.,wJvX,td. 84 eH.vH
tCd,ub.td.bS;H ,qdurd.vX,rh>b.td.’D;ySRw*R*RvXu
b.uG>xG, J RzJ,o;yS>tcg’k,zd,vHR’.,J{>D wtd.vXRtd.xJw
*R{dR’k,uvJRtd.vX’Ju0DRylRzJwRH oud;tgtvD>vDRI o;yS>rg±SX.
wJ,RvXerh>uhRtd.vX’Ju0DRylR’D;’Ju0DRcd.uusRJ M>eR[H.vXeu
td.’D;uG>xGeJ RzJeql;eqgtcgohvRD I b.q.cDzsyd RS usRJ M>,Rw>vD>
tCd,td.’H;’.w>zJtRH vDRI ,emvXrh>’.w>qd.*hR[JvX,GRvDRI
33
tCd,uo;rH’.’ftHRvDRI ySRweDRuGJ,RvX,uvJRuD>csXuD>oX
bh.wbh.,qdurd.vXzJ,o;’kwrh>b.I rh>b.up>to;’D;qSX,R
’k,uvJRvDRI yySRuvkm[;xD.qlu>D csXweDRvHI wrs;u,Rr;w

td.’H;b.I ySRtd.wh>’f 99 rs;u,Rup>,GRrh>b.o;qSX’D;yu
vJR’gcDvRD I rhr>h yySRuvkmvXtvJRwh>vHwz.rh>ySRvXpl>uhRemuhR
w>wz.tCdcgvXt[;xD.cJtRH rh>cg’fv.J vXtySRuvkm*D>uoh.
ngvDRto;upD’v D RD I
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
ok;cd.pH-u›
34
pDReHRurSHzDvf
pDReHRurSHzDvf
,R< pDReHRurSzH vD f ( Smile Paul ) EkmvDR (136) unDp;J _yJ;ok;&h.vDR
qDtcg,o;td.’H;’.21 eH. M.vDRI p;xD.EkmvDRpJ; _y;J ok;tHRp;xD.
’.vX[D.cd.w>’k;cHbsw D bspD ;xD.vHRvHRvXok;cd.pH-uhtpkzv D mM.
vDRI wkRrh>ok;cd.pH-uho’H ;D Col. H.W. Howell rRoud;Ckmw>’D; Maj.
Torry wkRvX, y.y’d.ymvDRuGmH pku0JRwpkM.vDRI cJtRH ,o;td.
vH (80) ‘D;,rgeD>rF;,h>td.0J (82) eH.vHM.vDRI qXuwD>zJ,rR
w>vXok;&h. (136) uwD>M.,’d;M>b.vD>vR’D;,b.w>ud;,R
vX Lt.Smile Paul M.vDRI
zJuvHRxH;ok;rk>[;xD.uGmH cJvXmvXuD>y,DRtylRM.ok;cd.pH-uhvX
unDursX>ud;0JvXzkxcD .D td.wh>vXunDupX>usgtcg,rh>ySRrRo
ud;w>’D;tDRCkm’D;unDo;k zdpRS *RM.vDRI zJo;k cd.pH.}uHu&Xu&dx.D
unDrmk o;rRpXRok; (Volunteer Force) tcgymCkm’D;,,D;z;pDRb;
wh.rh>uoH.rl’gcd.’D;,,D;z;wh.uF.D [H;M>rl’gvXw>CkxXzS.d ’k.’g
tw>upD.M.vDRI ok;cd.pH-uhu&Xu&dxD.M>0JunDzdvXz.yl.u
pX>usgvXrkmo;rRpXRtok;’D;unDzt d g’.w>wuh>EkmvDR0JvRD I y’l.
zdxXzdEmk vDR0JvXySRusgwbsK;*RM.vDRI wkRrh>,y.ok;oh.ngxD.y
w>[l;w>*JRwpk M.t0Jo.h p;xD.vlR< Cd>< Ckurl.< rRtXrRe;xD.
unD’zl o d 0Dz’d o
f ;d uzD.M>t’k.t’grd>yS>zkxcD .D M.vDRI t0Jo.h [;
Ckz.D unDzv d XtwemM>< qdurd.ur.0Jwz.< rRqgy,G0J t J g*Rqg
r;wkRunDursX>vXz.yl.wz.b.ud>b.*DR0JM.vDRI vXcH,y.ok;
35
zdwz.rRoHumHG (Maj. Nie Moe ‘D; Maj. Maclinton) 0HRvXcHuRh M.zD.

0JunDzt d g*R’D;’k;Cm0Jzo J cD gzF.zJvX>’d.o0DtylRM.vDRI ,pDw*R
b.w>zD.M>rRqgy,Gt J RD < bs;vDRpJRqJc.d vDRvmtDR’D;xlwvh.t
cD.vdRrd’D;x;tul.usD.tCdwl>0JwySJRb.’D;wJzsguGHm0Jw>cJvXm
wkRt[h.vDRuGH0J,usdvXtymclol.0J’.vJmM.vDRI vXcHuwX>
,uG>vX,’l.zdxXzd< ’lzo d 0Dzt d *D>’D;,uhR[h.vDRuGmH ,o;ql,
y.ok;tplyRl vDRI pku0JRvX,[h.vDRuGmH wz.rh>0J Tomy gun wcd.<
pkr.h yd>tzsX. 303< Rifle wcd.< Double barrel shortgun wcd.vXok;
cd.zkxcD .D [h.vDR,,D;z;M.vDRI wkR,uhR[h.vDR,o;0HRtvD>cH
,Ch>ylRzs;J xD.M.vDRI rh>vXvX>’d.w>yXtylR< unDzt d usgw>bH.
w>bXvX,*D>wtd.tCd,uhRql0>h wul.< w±l;usg (China town)
rhr>h ,rHRyS>ydmcGgw*R,y.orHord;tDR’D;wJzsgxD.vX,vJRxD.upX>
cd.uG>xGzJ x k cD .D (pH-uh) ‘D;zkxcD .D [h.tDRus>D rd>vXuqH;tDtEk>xHt
*h>wDwyD syD st
D Cdwb.w>rRql;rRqgtDReDwrHRph>uD;b.I t*h>’ftRH
,y.tySRorHord;w>zdu.0.b.w. (Kawabata) w*REkmvDRqly
[H.ylRvXurRql;rRqg,rHRyS>ydmrk.t*D>M.vDRI w>M.tvD>cH< ,
y.qSXzS.d unDursX>wz.qlp.H nD.uG>D bs.D toDvXw>orHord;t*D>
vDRI
unDwz.rh>w[h.tcGJ;b.q.< rh>vXok;cd.pH-uhuG>unDzdwz.
b.w>rRtXrRoDtRD tHRwrkmto;’D;wl>0JwuJvXRtCd< vXw>o;
unDRb.unD’u D rsX>tCdt0JvRJ [h.vDRuGmH to;ql,y.tpkyRl
M.vDRI t0Ju[h.vDRto;t*D>,y.tok;cd.usX>tX.vDRCmtDR
36
pDReHRurSHzDvf
vXrh>[h.vDRto;M.wb.rRql;rRqgrRoHtDRt*h>tCduhR[h.
vDRto;rkmrkmM.vDRI b.q.zk.cD.tok;cd.usX>tHRrR[;*DRtw>
tX.vDRt0JM.’D;rRoHok;cd.pH-uh (zkxDcD.) zJ0h>wul.uF.wD (}uH
aw1) w>oG.cd.Ckm’D;tys>J unDzv d Xt[JuRh vDRvXo’Xrk>wz.M.
vDRI ,oud;cH*RvXtrh>rD.uF.D uF<H Burma Rifels ok;zdvXzkxcD .D tJ.
b.tDR’D;,oud;pDRtHe.d rF.J vXt[JuRh vDRvXo’Xrk>cH*Rvdmb.
w>rRoH’;D ’XEkmtDRvXoh.qSw d vgwzsX.CDtylR’D;b.w>cl.vDRuGmH
tDRM.vDRI wkRrh>ye>[lw>tHR’D;yvJRxD.qlupX>usg’D;rXo0Do;
yS>qX*hRrlvXxH,md bDx.o0Dw*RqSXySRqlo’Xrk>vDRtvD>M.vDRI
zJM.,xH.vdm,o;’D; Col.H.W Howell ok;xH;cd.< ok;cd. R.J.
Barren, ok;cd.0hvp f X.< ySRzD.vDysRH ok;puDR Roe ‘D;ok;puDR Hanney
wz.M.vDRI Col. Howell wJb. Capt.Burrell ‘D; Sgt.Henne yuvJR
u&Xu&dyXqSXuhR 136 pJ;_y;J Guarrilla ok;vDRI wkRrk>[gvDRyvJRql
vX>usXRo0Dt.d ’DeRH wkRw>cH;yvJRqlzrD x l .o0DyRS vXuD>th’,.u
[JuhRvDRvXo’Xrk>t*D>vDRI wkR[g 8 e.&H. Maj. Torrie, Maj.
Bachi ‘D;ySRvDugG zdweDR[Jp. H vDRvXo’Xrk>M.vDRI yqSXt0Jo.h qlEgG
H pX>zJ Col. Howell td.w>tvD>0HR Capt. Barrell ‘D; Sgt. Hanney
cFu
cH*RvJR0JvXusD>vh.M.vDRI zJyvJRw>vXusJtzXrk>yxH.pd,y.t
ok;w’h[;xD.vXupX>usgvXuvlRCkue.uG>tJuvH;[JuRh vDR
vXo’Xrk>t*D>vDRI rh>vXw>cH;tCdwxH.ySRb.I yrRbX Capt
Barrell ‘D; Sgt Henney vXeD.ChvXvh.tylRvDRI wkR,y.tok;vJR
wvXuGmH ySR’D;yvJRvDRql (jruf±ikd ;f ) o0D’;D yod.vd’;k e>yX>o0Dzwd
z.zJ*RD (4) e.&H.tuwD>M.vDRI ytd.zJM.’DweHRusXRtcgok;cd.
37
Barren w*RwJ,RogtJ.’d;vJRpdmuGmH MqX. (I want to pass nature)

‘D;rRoD.tuvk>zlz’l ;D ,we>yX>b.vXcHr;,e>yX>uhRvXtCh[;
w>vD>cHM.vDRI w>M.tvD>cHyvJRu’D;ql,.h vJo0D’;D vXusyJ xH.pd
u’D;y,DRw*RtCd< yy’h.uGHmtDRvXyw>bH.w>bXt*D>M.vDRI
zJywkRvX,h.vJo0DM.ok;cd. Barrell w*RChtu
D ’D;oH;tCdyrXo
0Do;yS>vXtrh>w>td.zS.d o&.vXuvJRCkrRM>ySRoH;vDRI o&.oH
uG>0J?udRvR0gM.tDo;H {g/
‘D;,wJqX<?udRvR0gw*RtHRM.wrh>w>o;ckupD.o&.b.I/
0HR’D;,vJRql (u|Jwvif;) o0DzJ,y>’D;< ,[H.zdCDzdtd.0JM.vDRI
cHoD< oXoD0HRtvD>cH,’d;M>b.w>upD.vX Col. Howell t0JR
vD>cd.oh.vXw>wh>vDRM>ySRpku0JRzJ Maj. Torrie td.w>tvD>’D;
yub.vJR[H;M>tDRvX Maj. Torrie ttd.t*h>M.vDRI
yvJRvDRql (u|w J vif;) trk>xD.o0Db;wv.’D;td.cd;uG>v>o’X
rk>M.vDRI ub.zJ[g,J>e.&H.M. Liberater Bomber wbh.[Jw>h vDR
w>pku0JRM.vDRI zJM. Lt. Marlon [h.vDRySR 303 Rifle tcd. (100)
Ckm’D;usdcsHrsdmo.wz.M.vDRI wkRw>cH;vDR’D;y[JuhRu’guhRql
(u|Jwvif;) M.vDRI w>M.tvD>cHyM>b.w>upD.vX,y.tyh>
qSgyXRuD>< Kipitaitd.cd;’due.w>upD.b.C;yw>[;xD.[;
vDRt*h>zJvX>’d.0h>< unDu0DRw>td.zS.d o&.zgn.pht[H.t*h>M.
vDRI wkRrk>[gvDR’D;yu±l>vXtb.w>wDc.d &d.rJtRD vX,,D;z.pDR
wh.uF.D ’D; Maj Turrell tu±l>vXz.qgcd.u0DRCkm’D; Volunteer ok;
vXupX>usgyu0DRwH>unDt.d w>u0DR’D;’k;,y.wz.M.vDRI rh>
38
pDReHRurSHzDvf
vXtcD.qXySRz;ql.ngtCdyc;b.tDR’DweRusXRb.q.wymvDR
pku0JRb.I xJM.wbDwvDRqDvXRb.< yuGmH vDRpkr.h yd>ql[.H ylR’D;
’JG.tlxD.uGHm< wjyXCDM.unDrkmo;rRpXRok;’GJ.Ckmrd.[Jo.vX
[H.zDvmtCdt0Joh.Ch>xD.uqJ’D;uG>vDRw>vXyJ}wDwpkyc;oH
uGHmtDRyl;yl;vXmpDM.vDRI cHoDylRuGHmy’d;M>b.w>upD.vX Col.
Hoewell vX,y.td.vXupX>usgwz.vJRvDRqlvX>’d.qlytd.w
uyRM.vDRI t0Jo.h wkRvDRvX>’d.vXz;zDr>k ’D;p;xD.’k;ySRM.vDRI y
w>ul.wcDtd.0JvXyuc;Ch>c;Ch>tCdycD.qXtDRwpJ;zd’D;*kRvDR
uhRycHM.vDRI rk>qh. 0gxD.’D;,y.wz.uhR*kRvDRuhRtcHqv l X>’d.
uvHRxH;0h>&ì.› uF‹.wuyRM.vDRI yxD.’k;vX>’d.0HRtvD>cHyuhRtd.
uhR’.vXyvD>vX (u|w J vif;) M.vDRI zJM.y’d;M>u’D; Col. Howell
tw>upD.vXw>u[Jw>h vDRM>uscd szH rJ .bHRo0DpmH yszD v J X>’d.usrd >k
xD.wuyRt*h>M.vDRI vXw>tHRtCdyvJRu’D;qlr.bHRo0D’;D u
wJmuwDRymw>vD>vXw>uwh>vDR (Dropping Zone-D.Z) t*D>M.
vDRI yvJRwkRzJM.ub.rk>eR (9) e.&H.M.vDRI wpd>zd’;D Liberator
Bomber oXbh.[Jw>h vDRusc d syH mS o.< Ckm’D;w>tD.w>tDvXunDt
*D>< tJuvH;t*D>’D;< th’,.ok;zdt*D> cF;H pf< vmz;< ph< ’D;oH;wz.M.
vDRI yxk;b.w>zdw>vHRwz.tHRvXus>D vh.qlr.bHRo0D,mH r;’Dw
eRusXRM.vDRI rhr>h usdz;’d.’f 81 (mm) rDx.pJ;usd’;D bH.±SLuX.w
z.ybsXvDRclo.l ymvDRI
wkRrk>qh.xD.’D;ok;cd.[h.,RyH;pwd.wcd.’D;q.wzd;< wD.xD.,R
’f*>h 0DRtlw>rRcd.e>zdw*Rtod;’D;wJ,RvXt0JM.rh>w>uvk>[JvX
ok;uht0Jv>D cd.oh.t*h>M.vDRI vX*DRcDM.,y.ok;zdw*RCht.D w>
39
tD.vXySRtcgyzD.M>tDRzJo0DtCXRM.vDRI o0Dz[ d .h w>tD.0HRo

0Dzrd XtymvDRtpku0JRb.q.wymvDR0Jb.< tpkp.h wcDz.D Cmpkr.h
yd>wzsX.vXtpkxw JG cDzC
D m[ko;tCdwuwD>CDyRS o0Dzcd ;oHumHG
tDRqlb;M.vDRI ySRo0Dzd[h.ySRw>upD.vX,y.ok;zdweDR[JvDR
vX,h.vJo0D (a&wGif;ukef;) ‘fod;u[Jqly0JRvD>cd.oh.td.vX
(u|w J vif;) t*D>M.vDRI vXw>M.tCdyu&DuRh u’gqlu;JF wvh’;D
,h.’G‹uw l csK;,y.wkR,h.’G‹ub l .M.vDRI o0Dzwd b J .ySRvX,y.
td.zJy>S usgpDRpkR’D;o0Dxw J rH;vmz;zD{Rd t*h>vDRI ,R’D; Capt Barrel
,[;xD.qlo0DtcsXuG>Ck,y.wz.’D;y Telescope yxH.pd,y.
wz.vXtuG>pdyRS ’D;t0Jo.h Binocular ph>uD;’D;wkRtxH.ySR’D;uhREkm
vDRuhRu’guhRqly>S ylRM.vDRI yo0Dzw d z.vlRCku>G xGMJ >ySRrh>,y.
wz.tcd.uvdRqlvJ.M.vDRI o0Dzdwz.vJR’D;[JuhRwJySRvX,
y.tcd.vdRql (,if;wdu k u f ek ;f ) o0DvXttd.vdR’D;yo0Dtrk>xD.u
vHRpd;wuyRt*h>M.vDRI yvlRvDR,y.wz.ql,w h ;J ulo0D’;D ySRo
0Dzw d z.wJb.ySRvX,y.wz.rHvXeD.usged.Chxw D ed.tuyRM.
vDRI Capt.Barrell wJ,RvX,R’D; Sgt. Henney ucd;ymtDRzJo0DyRl ’D;
w>rRpXRrh>vd.u’k;oh.ngM.vDRI pSRe.&H.tvD>cHye>[lprk .h yd>oD.
cHx.H Ckm’D;uszd wd z.toD.M.vDRI wpd>zdyxH. Capt Berrell ‘D;ok;zd
wz.M.vDRI yxH.vXok;cd.M.tuH>’k.zDcd.’D;te>wuH>xH;zDcd.
vXtph.wuyRb.’d< ‘D;ok;zdr.D vhw*Rusb d .’dtx;cd.< b.q.
wrh>t’d.trk>M.b.I
40
pDReHRurSHzDvf
vXcHyoh.ngvX,y.ok;zdwz.Ch>ylRzsJ;qlyS>ylRpdmCkmtySRb.’d
wz.M.vDRI yymxD. Capt. Barrell vXus>D vh.ylR’D;yuhRu’gql,.h
’UulM.vDRI tylRvD>nd;xD.’D;*DRtCdyb.,d.vXue;xD.< ‘k.’g
wcDt.d ph>uD;oukRw>vD>M.vDRI tCdytd.’.zJ,.h ’UuMl .wrh>w>
bH.w>bXvXy*D>vXRb.I tCdy[;xD.vX,h>’Uu’l ;D uhRtd.u’g
vXy0JRvD>cd.oh.tvD>vHR (u|Jwvif;) o0DM.vDRI zJ (u|Jwvif;)
M.ok;cd.oJ;xd’;D wH Boe Chin tySRwrSRH [Jqyl td.’D;ChyRS w>pku0JR
weDRy[h.vDRt0Jo.h vX 303 Rifles tcd.(100)Ckm’D;tcst H o.M.
vDRI w>M.tvD>cHo0Dzw d z.wJyRS vXtJuvH;tok;rk>vXrgwvho;k
vDRto;ql0>h wul.t*h>M.vDRI
tJuvH;ok;ymvDRtok;uh0RJ vD>cd.oh.zJyEJ .JG ultCdytJ.’d;vJRqSX
ok;cd. Barrel zJM.vDRI b.q.ytd.w>tvD>’D;yJE>JG ultbX.pXRw>
vD>wz.rh>,y.ok;vXt*kRvDRuhRtcHwz.vJRxD.vJRvDRt
usdRM.vDRI tCdyb.vJRxD.td.uhRqlr;bHRo0DwkR,y.wtd.
0JvXRb.M.vDRI vXcHyok;yo;ql (usHK;}uD;) o0DvXuDRvdm (ppf
aw1if;)xHrd>yS>rk>xD.M.vDRI ytd.cd;wkR,y.ok;wz.wtd.vXR
uDRvdmrk>xD.0HR’D;vX*DRM.ycDCRD qluRD vdmxHr>d yS>rk>EkmzJ (oriftif;
uke;f ) o0DM.vDRI zJM.o0Dzwd z.wJb.ySRvXycDqx l uH srd >k Ekm0HRt
vD>cH,y.tok;’hw’hcpD >h uD;qlxu H srd >k xD.M.vDRI
w>M.tvD>cHyok;u’D;yo;qlrgwvh0>h wul.usrJ >d yS>tuyRvXt
pDRpkR’D;orh.thut
l o0DxpJ RS rH;vmtvD>M.vDRI yb.td.cd;odv.h
y’X;w>t’l.vXt[;xD.vX0h>wul.qlrgwvhwz.z;,HmngvDRI
41
rh>vXw>y’X;tgwvXtCdodvh.wz.tcd.wtJ.’d;yxD.qlt
odv.h b.< ysx J ;k cd. Barrell ’D;,RvJR’D;t0Jo.h vDRI Sgt.Henney
J o
tJ.’d;vJR’D;ySRvXodvh.b.q.ok;cd.rXtvJR’D;ok;zdwz.vXt
cD.M.vDRI ywkRvX(MHo1uGi;f )zJ[gvG>H e.&H.’D; Capt Barrel b.w>
qSXtDRvX Lysantar Jeep plane ql0>h wul.M.vDRI t0JrX Sgt Henney
’D;,RyuhRu’guhR’D;ub.td.cd;wkRye>[lw>uvk>vXy0JRvD>cd.
oh.wpkM.vDRI zJ[g(9)e.&H.M.[JwkR’D;tySRok;zdwz.M.vDRI
w>uvk>vDRvXyub.vJRql Anti Fascit People Freedom Lesague
( AFPFL) ‘D; Sgt. Henny [JwRk zJyE J .JG ulz[
J gcGeH .&H.ph>uD;vDRI
rh>vXth’,.tok;wyst J vJRcD*mw>wbsC D tD Cdt0J (Henney) t
o;Cdx.D z;’d.vDRI teR0JM.yrH’;D ySRok;zdcvJ XmzJ (AFPFL) t0JR’X;
M.vDRI ‘fo;d yokwvJR’fo;d od;’D;tDRt*D> Sgt Henney w*RvDqgu
’D;to;tCd,uhRu’guhRqle;o.uG‹ (yseD Xrl) M.vDRI ,cDCRD xHusd
0HRuhRu’guhRqly0JRvD>cd.oh.,h.’G‹uMl .vDRI ,td.wh>zJM.’D;ok;
zdwz.wtd.’D;pJ;uwdRw>vXuqJ;usX’D; (Howell) b.M.z;,Hmzd
ngM.vDRI
vXw>M.0HRtvD>cH Maj Torry [JvX Canal ok;uht0JRvD>cd.oh.vX
Mangoos t0JR’X;ph>uD;tySRzD.pJ;wymb.I w>wtd.’D;ySReDwrHRvX
ubD.unDyRS b.I vXw>tHRtCd,rX Maj Torry uG;J vHmvXurR
bD.rRnDyo; (tcDynDov d .h vXuvJRw>Ckm’D;w>tD.w>tDvXu
rRrkmyo; = oH;’D;w>t*R) qlo;k uh0RJ vD>cd.oh.vXyJE.JG ulM.vDRI
42
pDReHRurSHzDvf
t0JwJ,R ?b.uuJxD.{g/ ’D;,wJtDR ?uGJ;M>,RxJvHmzdwbh.

vXtJuvH;ok;uhc.d ttd.M.b.vHI w>t*R,urR’.,JM.vDRI/
t0Ju;JG vHmqlo;k uh0RJ vD>cd.oh.M.vDRI ,vJRwkRok;uh0RJ vD>ySRcd;
w>w*RrRxD.,R[J.upJ>,wJtRD < ?,[JvX 136 pJ;_y;J ok;/ b.
M>twDRvXok;uhcd.vk.xHvXw>CXRe>[l,ud;xD.w>uwdRcl
ol.tCdt0JrXySRcd;w>ysJEmk vDR,RM.vDRI ,wJb.ok;uhc.d ,[J
vX 136 pJ;_y;J ok;’D;,[Jpmd M>tw>y&Xwbh.vX,0JRvD>cd.oh.vX
,h.’GŒulvX,ok;cd.xD&.h ttd.t*h>vDRI
ok;uhc.d z;xD.w>y&X0HRud;CDR0Jo;k uh0RJ ’X;cd.(Brigade Major)vX
u[h.vDRw>vX,vd.b.wz.’D;B.M (Brigade Major) wJpdvDR
t0JRvD>ok;cd. (Supply point capt) cDzsdvDwJpd’fod;u[h.vDRw>
vX,vd.b.wz.M.vDRI ,vJRvDRql0RJ vD>’D;,’d;M>b.w>zdw>
vHRySRJ odv.h wcd.M.vDRI w>zdw>vHRwz.rh>0J< w>tD.vXx;’XylR<
bH.,X.< tHo.qX< cDz.H < th’,.ok;w>tD.< tJuvH;ok;w>tD.w
z.vDRI ,uhRwkR,h.’GŒul0RJ vD>cd.oh.’D;wkR,ok;cd.xD&.h xH.b.
vX,rRw>wz.M.to;rkmxD.w’d;uGJb.I pSRoDtvD>cH Col.
Howell qSXvDR Sgt Moore qlytd.M.vDRI rh>tuwD>zJw>plRvDRrlc. d
plRbH.rJm< uDRvdmuX>eHRxH’.d tcg,y.ok;vXt*kRuhRcHwz.[;cD
uDRvdmusdoukRw>vD>M.vDRI t0Joh.[JuRhvDR*kRcHvXyudupX>
wl>cD*m0Jrgwvh=0h>wul.todv.h usq J u l RD vdmrk>xD.M.vDRI ,y.
tok;zdwz.w>tD.wtd.b.tCd[;CktD.< [;ChtD.ySRxd.ySR
qD< [ko;’D;u,J>w>vXttD.0JoMh .vDRI b.weRyzD.M>,y.ok;
zdw*R’D;yqSXqlyEJ .JG ulM.vDRI
43
zJy[Jx.D qlo;k uh0RJ vD>cd.oh.tcgok;cd.’d.tX.vDR,RvXu[h.0J

500 ±lyH; (th’,.b;) vX,y.ok;vXySRzD.M>trlw*Rt*D>vDRI
Major Torry wJ,Rogwe>[lb.w>[h.vRuyDR 500 ±lyH;eDwbsD
b.I ,wJtRD ,oHu>G Col.Howell vXtrh>wrh>M.vDRI ,wJp>h uD;
tDRw>vXySRtJuvH;zdM.wvDw>eDwbsDwb.I t0J’v d yD sHRql Col.
Howell ttd.’D;tw>pH;qXtDRvXtrh>upD’M D .vDRI
,’d;M>b.ph&yl ;H vX,zD.M>,y.ok;zdwz.’ftw>tX.vDRtod;u
pD’v
D RD I w>uDt.d 0JwrHR< w>vX,y.tok;zdwz.wvDRqD’;D xd.rHR
zdqrD RH zdb.I wbsyD RS ok;zdqXS vDRM>,R,y.ok;zdoX*RM.vDRI [JwRk
,rJmngwbsC D t
D 0Jw*RCh>wzS;J zkvRD oHumHG to;qlxuH syd Rl M.vDRI
tCd,qSXxD.b.qlyEJ >JG ulxcJ *H RM.vDRI
w>M.0HRtvD>cH,’d;M>b. Col. Holwell tw>upD.vXtzD.M.0J
(cDzsdvDysHR’D.zD.) =vX,y. 17th Div [h.vDRw>uvk>vXtySRok;
zdcv
J Xmub.cD*muGmH uDRvdmust d rk>xD.vXvg,lRz;zDtylR< u,J>
ySRvXtcDxu H sw
d M>vg,lR 15 oDwz.ub.rRoHvRD ’.0Jto;t*h>
M.vDRI yqDvRD yok;zdvXuDRvdmust d xHuX>eHRvXucd;yH;,y.tok;
zdt*D>M.vDRI eRt0JM.w>plRz;’d.< xH’.d vk>bXw>z;’d.ngvDRI ,
y.tok;zdwz.teD>*H>tgwkRyc;wcsK;yb.ysJyRl weDRvDRI t0Jo.h
Ch>wzS;J rlto;ue.ySRwcsK;’.vJmb.I weDR[;±lmvDRyS>D ySR[H.ySR
CDq;Sd uJRrh.tlrRvXRxD.to;M.vDRI weDR[;qlyRS ’lyRS o0DyRl [;
rRM>ySRw>zdw>vHRvXutD.0Jt*D>xD&RD wrHRrHRvDRI
44
pDReHRurSHzDvf
tcgzJM.o0Dzwd z.Ch>ymwh>uGmH ’lo0Dcv J Xmb.Ch>td.clo.l vXcJc.d

yS>v>usgM.vDRI yrRvdmymubD,Rl vXu[Jc;pXRvDRySRupD’<D b.
q.[JpRJ cHtCdc;us<d uGmH vDRrh.yd>M.b.’.xJo0DvXySRymwh>vDR[d
tDRwz.M.vDRI 1945 eH.vgpJ;yxhbX. 2 oD,y.tok;ymvDRpk
u0JRvH< b.q.,y.tok;vXytd.vD>u0DRylRwz.y[h.vDRw>ym
vDRpku0JRtvHmy&XvDRI b.q.wuemCkmySRb.< yrXt[JwyJ RS
w*RvXuwX.yD.wJoud;w>t*D>wue.CkmySRph>uD;b.I
,y.wz.tHRyrRwylRr;wohyysJzJutd.u[;0JvDRI wkRrh> Capt
Barrell tw>rlRvD>bsg’D;[JuRh vXuD>th’,.qlytd.w>tvD>,h.’G‹
ulCmk ’D; Col Howell M.vDRI 0HR’D;uhR0Jqt H l (EGm;cs;D uke;f )
l 0JR’X;zJEgG cFu
o0DM.vDRI uhR0JvXusJtcgrXySRo0Dzdwz.whubD,lRupH.vDR
tusRd b.q.o0Dzw d wh 0HRtCd Col.Barrell rX,vJRrR0HRM.vDRI ,
vJRqlvX>’d.’D;ubD,lRpH.vDRw>tvD>M.td.xJzS›txl.yS>z;’d.
wz.vDRI tCd,rRvdm Capt.Barrell vXuqSXM>,Rrh.yd>vXurR
yd>z;zsd;uGHmw>w>yD;w>vD’ftrh>usd< bJ< zs;pxX.‘D; TNT wz.
M.vDRI
,rRrh.yd>wz.< rRyso D .h z;’d.’D;xk;ysu
D mHG ’D;uqD’ED t
HG wD>ylRvDRI 0HR
’D;,xXzS.d w>pku0JR’D;uscd syH mS o.vXyymwohwz.’D;wXRvDRuGmH ql
uDRvdmust d ylRvDRI Capt.BrowellrX,whx.D xd< ymxD.vXxdvRd rR
yd>z;uGmH vXrh.yd>M.vDRI Maj.xD&.h uhRql0>h wul.vDRI Capt.Barell,
Sgt.Moore ‘D;,RyvJRvDRqlvX>’d.u&Xu&dx. D uhRunDzw d z.0HR
yqSXqlwt D vl Xw>u&Xu&dx.D (lst Karen Rifles) tok;&h.t*D>M.
vDRI w>M.tvD>cHyrRw>vDRz;tw>&hvmd zJ,.h ’Uut l vD>cH Capt.
45
Barrel uhRu’guhRql0>h wul.’D;qlt’

h ,.M.vDRI ,[;xD.vX,h.
’GŒul’;D uhRu’guhRqlvX>’d.M.vDRI w>zD.pku0JRtw>rRbsb J .,R
vHtCdvRD I vG>H vgylRuGmH ’D;,R’D;,rHRyS>ydmcGgy’d;M>vHmy&XvX,’d;
M>b.w>[h.vRuyDRtw>yeD. British Empire Medal (BEM) ‘D;
,rHRyS>ydmcGgwcD’;d M>b.0J Order of British Empire (OBE) M.vDRI
zJw>[h.vRuyDR,Rtcg,rHRyS>ydmcGgtd.zJrl;tylRb.q.,J,w
td.b.I [;xD.uGHmvXpJ;jyJ;ok; (136) ,pdmxD. Capt.Barrell t
vHmtk.o;’D;vJRvDRqlwt D ql u
l >D &h.ok;*h>0Dc.d ’D;vJRywHx.D w>rR
zJutd.0JwrHRrHRM.vDRI t0Jw, J RvXtrRpXR,Rwohew D rHRb.t
Cd,[;xD.uGmH vXt0JR’X;’D;qdurd.xD.,J ?erRvX,J*>D rh>woheD
wrHRoXysXRtd.’.,ub.rR’.,JvX,*D>wrHRrHRM.oX./ tcgzJ
M.unDuD>cd.vXcHuwX>vXuD>y,DRpXzSd.w*Ru&Xu&dxD.0Ju
nDo;p>u&XzJ0>h wul.tCd,EkmvDR KYO ‘D;uJx.D ySRu&Xu&dw>
zdzJwDtluD>&h.M.vDRI uD>y,DR’d;M>w>obs›0HRtvD>cH KYO
’d;M>b.uvkmqH;cJ;G,mvXu td;xD.unD*h>0Dudwdmt*D>tCd
,b.w>CkxXxD.,R’fu>D &h.cd.w*Rtod;M.vDRI b.q.wkRrh>
M.0hxD.[H;ql.xHuD>w>pdw>urDRM.,[;xD.uGHm’D;EkmvDR
rRoud;w>vX KNU tw>yX>qXtylRvDRI
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46
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
pDRzJ,gzsŒ (Saw Fair Play)
,RpDRzJ,gzs›rwh rh>uFeD f (John) tHRtd.zsJ.xD.zJvgtD;uxdbX. 22

oD< 1924 zJu;DF rJw.D < ‘0J>w>yXM.vDRI ,rh>ySRunD’;D ,rh>c&Hmzdw
*RvDRI ,eD>qH;’H;tcg,rRvdw>vXy,DRuFdzdwzsX.b.q.,w
e>yX>w>eDwrHRb.I ,rd>,y>qSXxD.,Rqlcu d w
dF zsX.vXtrh>0JypDR
vDR’0J>cHo0DvRD I ySRymxD.,RvXvG>H wDRb.q.,we>yX>w>eDw
rHRph>uD;tCd,vDRuhRweHRwwDRweHRwwDRwkRvXwDRzdo. (oli,f
wef;) ’D;,[XzXb.0HmvXo&.rk.vXtrh>,wcGgrk.vDRI ‘D;,uJ
xD.w>qgz;’d.’D;ySRqSXvDRuhR,Rql’0J>vDRI
,p;xD.rRvduhRw>zJ (Morrow Karen High School Tavoy) ‘D;,

zsdx.D weH.wwDRwkRvXCd;wDRvDRI zJyb.’d;pJ;tuwX>weHRM.<
,y.tubD,Rl tbh. (30) [Jw>h vDRrh>yd>’D;c;vDRw>owl>uvmzJ
d &X>vDRI (Burma Rifle) c;qXuhRt0Jo.h b.q.
ubD,Rl ys’D ;D yuFu
ywoh.ngvXw>’k;uJxD.’H;b.I uFdo&.wJ0JvXuDRvR0gtok;
od.vdo;tCdyRS ud;*R0H>0>xD.y0.zd’;D w>uH;nmoh.wz.vDRI ySR
’Dcl’D0h>wysHRw>zk;w>eDw*Rb.’D;w>b.’db.xH;wtd.ph>uD;b.
vDRI b.’d’.ubD,lRtodbl. (1000) zsX.vXttd.vXubD,lR
D RD I w>uJx.D owl>uvm‘D;trJ&uRtubD,Rl (Buffalo) ,lRxD.
ysv
wbl.vXRb.I
47
wkRo&.orgoh.ngvXw>’k;z;’d.cHbsDwbsDux J .D ’D;,y.tubD
,lR[Jc;vDRw>vX*DRvX[gud;eHR’J;tCdtrJ&uRuhRymuhRtubD
,lRql0h>wul.vDRI vXw>M.tCd< wDRzk.uFdb.w>ys>uGHmto;
vXmyX>wkRvXwDRxDub dF .w>ys>to;ph>uD;vDRI rh>vXy’d;w>oHu>G
wohvXRph>uD;b.rh>vXyb.td.’.vXw>ylRvX*DRvX[gtCdvRD I
b.q.zJ,y.tubD,Rl [Jc;vDRw>’D;uhRu’guhRtcg (Buf falo)
[JvlRwbh.pdmvDRzJubD,lRysD’D;,lRxD.u’guhRwbsDCDvlR0Jw
bsDCDwded.vdmo;zJrug&H’D;c;vdmo;,y.ubD,lRb.’d’D;uhR
vDRwJmzJr.h wguvJ;uH.M.vDRI ,y.tubD,Rl rh.tlt.D tCd,
y.pH.vDRvXo’Xrk> (4) *Rvdm’D;rh>vXtvDRvX0.q+.cHtCdoH (4)
*RvdmvDRI (Buffalo) [JuRh wkRuhR’0J>*hR*hR’D;rh>vXto;cktCdt,lR
wcG‹wcGDvXw>z;zDzJyuFdu&X>0HRuhRuhRql0h>wul.vDRI ,eD>up>
’D;,oud;uFzd wd eDRyvJRqJ;usX (BAF Burma Auxiliary Force) vDRI
y,DRuvkmEkmwM>b.I M>’.xJyRS unDz’d ;D uDRvR0gu;_ygvDRI
uD>y,DRM.,y.EkmvDRqd’;D cDu>D qXtqduwX>zJuqD0g< bDw>H zJu.DF

wJ.uD>qXvDRI wkRuqD0gxD.qlrh.wg’k;vdmo;’D; (Burma Rifle)
zJr.h wgu,Hm’.cHe.&H.0HR’D; (Burma Rifle) *kmu‘guhRtvD>cHq’l
0J>wuyRvDRI p;xD.uqD0gql’0J>’k;vdmo;’D; (Burma Rifle) u,Hm
vXusJ (3) EGHvDRI wkR’0J>w>’k;p;xD.zJ*DRCke.&H.’D;wkRrk>xl.M.
(Burma Rifle) *kRuhRtcHq&l >h wu yRvDRI ,y.tusg[JCmk ’D;y,DR
ok;cd.vXtvJRql,y.tuD>weDRvDRI zJw>’k;’0J>M.< ,y.tubD
,lRwbh.’D; (Buffalo) wbh.’k;vdmo;vXw>z;zDzyJ uFu d &X>tzDc.d
u,HmcHe.&H.‘D;uhRuhRcHb.h vdmvDRI y0Jycd;w>usvJ RJ qlbs;H wuyR
48
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
tCdzrJ >k eR (12) e.&H.M.< ywkRonD.qH.o0D<‘D;vX*DRywkRtJ;tJ;

o0DvRD I ytd.’. (Burma Rifles) cFt D ok;’hw’h’;D y0J (BAF) pSR*RvDRI
pSRoDtwD>ylRySRo0Dzq d XS ySRcDzsyd .D vJ.qlrvH;us>d vDRI ytd.wvgC.
C.’D;ubDw[Jew D bh.b.I rh>vXy,DR’D;,y.tok;vlRCkuRD vR
0gtok;ql.r;tCd< ,eD>up>,uhRuhRql’0J>0h>vDRI
,cDCRD qlu.DF wJ.uD>’D;,oud;pSR*R’D;b.bSMD >uF.D wJ.rDx.d usv J X

tvJRxD.qlegth.wD.tvX>ylRx;ylRvDRI b.zs;vXypkr>h vXrDx.d
bsX.[D.cd.wtd.’H;b.tCdvDRI zJybSDusJM.b.uDb.cJz;e;
w>tD.wvXwySRJ < w>ulw>uRwvXwySRJ tCdyb.rRuJx.D [ko;
xX. (*kefeDtdwf) vXyw>ulw>uR’D;,.rHvk;M.vDRI ol.vXycd.
vdRM.olb.q.ol.vX[ko;xX. (*keef t D w d )f tvdRM.0g’D;’d.wpJ;
th.w>qgr;vDRI yvdRo;xD.’D;yuJxD.w>o;ChvDRI ySRwJvX[J
xD.vXyn.vmwcDvRD I wbsb D sb
D .vJRtd.vXxHzu d st
d eHRzJyRS vh>
xD.vh>vdRtusb J .bh.vDRo;cJvXmtd.bh.qh’;D ed.ol.0gvXyw>
ulu.l eH.tH;tvdRvDRI ,dRrk.,dRcGg[JczD syd rJmngoemuhyrJmqS;w
ohb.I ySRoH*D>rk>vXw>o;Ch’D;(zufcu G ef 1)< w>rlRvD>z;‘d.wu
vkmtCdvDRI Dutch t war prisoners (ySRok;zdvXw>zD.M>tDRvX
w>’k;tylR) oHvXw>qgtHR*D>rk>vDRI t0Joh.ph>uD;rh>vXtw>ul
w>uRwtd.tCdb.ulxX.oG‹p>h uD;M.vDRI
vXcHyoh.ngM>b.w>upD.vXyoud; (Chin Rifle) vXrvH;us>d ’D;

uDRvR0gok;vX (Mergui Burma Rifle) oh.wz.ubD[t J .d uhRt
0Jo.h *hR*hRvDRI bs;H w>’k;wtd.b.I rh>vX,y.wEkmvDRvXbs;H wcD
49
tCdvDRI zJwcsK;,[;xD.rvH;usd>’H;b.tcgw>upD.[JwkRvX
Maj. rGRpH.ttd.wbh.vDRI rh>vXt0Jo. h ng,R’D;yrRoud;wh>w>
wylRCDtCdvRD I t0JrX,td.cd;tDR‘D;y,DRzdvXtvk>zd0w J *R[JwRk
r;< uhRb.q.,td.cd;wcsK;vXRb.I vXcHt0Jo.h cH*R[JwRk rvH;
us>d b.q.ubDuRh wvXuGmH vHI rh>vXy,DR’D;,y.tok;e>[lt0J
oh.tw>upD.tCdvRl Ckt0Jo.h cH*Re;r;’D;rRb.’do0Dzed ;r;’D;ym
clo.l 0Jwoh< wbH.vXRb.tCdyRS o0Dzu d so H mHG cH*RvXmvDRI Maj.
D u
rGRpH.M.b.C;’D;w>*kme>yX>’k.’gupD.zJu>D y,DR’D;,dRuD>qXp;xD.
rJq;D ‘D;wkRuD;oDvRD I t0Jwv
J RD to;vXtrh>pDRyRtpXRtoG.J vDRI
yb.rRw>zJ,Rd uD>M.,HmoXeH.vDRI
,y.[h.vDRto;’D;w>’k;cHbsw D bs0D RH 0JM.vDRI ,eD>up>’D; (Chin

Burma Rifle) tok;zdweDRyuhRymzsguhRyo;zJuRD vR0gok;zJu.cFe;
bl.&H.M.vDRI zJy[;xD.vXx;cEl.< u.cFe;bl.&H.0JRvD>tcg,dR
oh.wz.}wDyRS wJ0v J Xvh.rh.tlwRd u>td.ph>uD;< yoxhwcDw0J v J X
y[h.okpw h M>’H;’D;uhR’H;w*hRI b.q.ywue.CkmycDvX>*DRus’d ;D
cd;vh.rh.tlvDRI cd;’DeHR[JwkRwcd.td.’.tcd.wzsX.’D;twGJwwGJ
vDRI yEkmvDRw}wD>b.I tylRM.td.xJ,y.tok;cd.’D;tok;cd.
usX>vXyXuD>y,DR’Db.h zJt0Jo.h rReXRw>tcgM.vDRI b.q.yxD.
qltcd.’k;cd.ud;*R’D;tok;cd.usX>[J’;k e>yX>ySRrXyqh.eDR*hR*hR< b.
,d.0JvXyuvDRwJm’D;t0Jqrd .d ySRvXuD>&cg (Gurkha) uvkmM.vDRI
zJM.tcgrh>vXw>’k;0HRvHtCdyRS ok;zdwz.w>uqSXu’guhRqlw*R
vXtuD>’.0JM.vDRI yymzsgo;0HRutd.oXeHR’D;y0Jo.h wz.b.w>
50
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
qSXvDRySRqlc.D ’h (Kao Din camp) zJ Maj. Roman vXtrh> Repatriation

camp (‘Ju0DRvXw>ymzSd.ySRzJwcsK;w>qSXu’guhRySRqlw*RvXt
uD>’.0J) tok;’hc.d tw>yXtzDvmM.vDRI Chin Rifle wz.wcDuRh
u’guhRqluD>y,DRvXvh.rh.tlM.vDRI ,b.w>qSX,Rql Tha
Maung camp vXb.w>yXqSXtDRvX Maj. Barne zJ ‘;cFt f ok;zdvXt
uxdwz., tJuvH;ok;zdpRS *R, th.’d.eH±gS ok;zdpRS *R’D;,y.tok;zd
vXtuxdwz.vXw>zD.M>tDRvXw>’k;tylRwz.M.vDRI th.’d.eH
±Sgtok;zdwz.M.w>[h.tDRw>ulw>uR’D;w>tD.tvXtySJRb.
q.usMd .w>w’k;zD.b.I rh>vXtuD>M.ylx.D uhR’;cFf (Dutch) ‘D;’k;
vdmo;tCdvDRI vX[goXe.&H.< vGH>e.&H.M.yvJRvk.xHvXvX>
*DRusd (River Kwai) ‘D;ySRvXtuv;uv;wz.vk.xHvXtbh.qhcJ
vXmvDRI ,y.tok;zdvXw>zD.M>tDRvXw>’k;tylRoh.wz.b.
vk.xHvXtzDvm’D;rhr>h ’;cFt f ok;zdo.h wz.vXtzDc.d wcDvRD I pJ;csH
vh.xD.vh.vdR*D>rk>b.q.wb.C;t0Jo.h eDwrHRb.I ‘;cFt f ok;
zdvXtuJw>h (Japanese war prisoners) oh.wz.w>’k;0HRb.xD.uhR
w>rRvd0RH b.uhR’k;uhRw>vXth.’d.eH±gS vDRI ‘;cFt f ydmrk.ydmrXR’D;
ydmcGgzd (12) eH.’D;qltzDvmoh.wz.qSX0Jq, l Rd uD>tok;zdb.cd;0J
vXw>csX’D;uJx.D ’Ju0DRz;’d.wzsX.ph>uD;vDRI ySReD>*H>utd.vXt
uv;uv;vDRI ‘;cFt f ok;zdvRJ Ekmwohb.I ,J,vJREkmb.’D; (Maj.
Barne) wbsv D RD I
ySRunDt.d xJ,Rw*RvDRI uDRvR0gok;cd.weDRxH.eRuG>eR’D;oh.

D <D weDReDRySRunDM.woh.ng0Jb.I (Maj.
ng0JvXtrh>ySRunDwbsC
Barne) vXttJ.,Rw*Rph>uD;zJ,vJRwkRttd.tcD.xH;oHu>G ,R<
51
?erh>rwRvJ.I/
,wJqX< ?,rh>ySRunD/
?e[Jzv J .J /
?,[JvXuD>y,DRI/
?rh>pH;’fM.erh>y,DRoX.I/
,wJqXtDR< ?,wrh>y,DRb./ zJt0JR’X;tylRM.vDRI b.q.‘;cFf
tp&hw*RzJt.d vXt0JR’X;ylRzJw>D vHmtqXuwD>wJ0yJ RS unDM.td.
zJyuJ’;H (Japanes war prisoners) tcg,y.qSXySRql0>h ’0J>vXyb.rR
w>t*D>’D;yb.td.zJr&D .d unDwRD xDut dF Cdyoh.ngzJM.vDRI
zJw>’k;z;’d.cHbswD bs0D RH < uDRvR0gxXzS.d uhRySRvXb.[JrRvh.rh.

J XuD.F wJ.uD>qlu>D y,DR (Burma High Way) oh.w
tlus<J rDx.d usv
z.vXtrh>0Jrvh±gS < th.’d>eH±gS < y,DR’D;phuzdo.h wz.’D;ymvDRqD0yJ RS
uvkmwzk’;D wzkt.d ’D;t’Ju0DR’.0JvRD I rhr>h uDRvRolr.j’.&S.H (w
rHv)f ‘D;uD>&cgoh.wz.ymCkm0JwylRCDvRD I ‘D;b.w>yXqSXt0Jo.h
vXrhuXF >’bdv.h (Maj. Debulie) vDRI uDRvRolr.j’.&S.H (wrHv)f
td.vXtuv;’D;uD>&cgtd.’. (150) vDRI vXw>*h>’fvJ.woh.
ngb.I w>th.vdmuJx.D vXySRcHzt k bX.pXR’D;uD>&cgus0D J (wrHv)f
‘D;b.’d (40) *RvDRI uD>&cgoh.wz.M.rh>vXt’lvXw>’k;ysDylRt
CdM>b.tcG;J t,mvXuDRvR0gvXupdm (cl;u&H) ’DwuvkmtHRoh
ud;*RvDRI vXcd&, H gw>’k;M.t0Jo.h wolust d gtgb.I uscD &d ,
H g’D;
t’Dc;l u&HM.vDRI vXw>M.tCd (Maj.Debulie) uwdRwrHvt f usmd
b.< b.q.uwdR (Hindustani) tusdmwb.tCdvd.b.ySRw
*RvXuwdRuDRvR0gusmd ’D; (Hindustani) tusmd b.w*RvDRI uD>
52
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
&cgM.tusdmtd.’.0Jp>h uD;b.q.uwdR (Hindustani) tusdmb.

cJvXmvDRI zJ (Maj Debulie) oHuG> (Maj. Roman) vXvd.b.ySR
us;d xHw*Rtcg,e>[l’;D ,td.clo.l < b.q.w±l;p&hvXphuzdw*R
’k;e>yX> (Maj. Roman) vXySRtd.vX’X;ylRw*RuwdR0Jo’h ;D ySRvJRud;
M>,R’D;,’k;e>yX> (Maj. Roman) vX,uwdRohzt J -uX;tCd (Maj.
Debulie) Ch,RvX (Maj. Borne) wbsc D b
H sv
D XvDysRH b.q.t0Jw
’due.0Jr>h vXtJ.,R’d.tCdvRD I b.q. (Maj.Debulie) [JvRD vX
teD>up>’D; (Jeep) ‘D;uwdRusJRvdmo;’D; (Maj.Barne) 0HRrX,uhR
[H;M>,w>zdw>vHR< ,vD>rHx’l ;D zXEkmqlt (jeep) ylR0HR< ,b.ydm
xD.tcH’;D ,b.uG>xGu J >D &cg (150) *RM.vDRI vXcH,[JuRh td.uhR
zJ (Kao Din camp) (9) vg’D; (Maj. Debulie) ‘k;e>yX>,RvXogu
uhRqlu>D tJuvH;wkRog[JuRh ’D;eR’D;uD>&cgoh.wz.uvJR’D;ogql
rvh&gS {gI erh>vJR,uod.vdeRuDRvR0gusmd < rvh±gS usmd < pJ;zDu[.
’D;w>ul.b.ul.oht h *R0HRerh>tJ.’d;[JuRh uhRqlerd>ey>ttd.’D;,
u[h.eRtcG;J vDRI zJtqXuwD>0JM.ph>uD; (Captain Dr. Eiliet) vX,
uJySRusdmxHvXtw>qg[H.tcg[h.ul.,RvX,uuhRrRoud;
w>’D; (Karen Rifle) vDRI
wkRtqXuwD>b.’D;,eD>up>’D;uD>&cg (150) *RyvJRcd;vh.rh.tlzJ

toMvXuvJRqlrvh&gS t*D>vDRI zJM. (Dr. Eiliet) ud;CDR,R’D;’k;eJ.
,R (Maj.Debulie) tw>upD.vXttd.cd;ySRzJrvh&Sgvh.rh.tlo
MvHM.vDRI b.q.’k;eJ.xD.,RuDRvR0gtok;cd.vG>H *RuG>vDRw>
’D;’k;e>yX>,RvXySRvG>H *RM.[Jt.d cd;ySRvXtd.vXuD>rwRrwR’D;u
uhRqSXuhRySRqlw*RvXtuD>’.0JtCd,’k;e>yX>uD>&cgoh.wz.’D;
53
rh>vXt0Jo.h wtJ.’d;uhRuhRqlu>D y,DRb.‘D;[;xD.uGmH zJv.h rh.tl

oM’D’.l vDRI ,R’D;,yk>xd.’h’.h ’D;o&.’Dv>h vX[JvRl CkuRh ,RcH*R
M.yrh>vJRohb.q.,qdr.d xD.,rd>,y>’D;y[JuRh uhRqlu>D y,DR
’D;vh.rh.tlvRD I
wkRuD>y,DR,EkmvDRqd (U.M.P-Union Military Police) zJ’0J>0h>yb.

xlzsX.xlvRD I ySRtd.wh>wbsK;zk’t f rh>< ubD,Rl ok; (R.A.F Royal
Air Force)< uDRvRy.cF.bH.o.rH,RD olo;k < (C.T.M.B) ‘D;t*Rw
bsK;zkvDRI b.q.utd.’.cHEGH’D; (D.Y.S. P) tlp.oh[JvDRusJR
(Southern Range Flying Squad of the Rangoon D.I.G) vDRI
ySRcd.ySRe>usRJ vDR0J’;D zJ’0J>yb.vJRxD. (12) *RvDRI ymzS.d u’D;rD.
vrFJ. (U.M.P) cJvXmtd. (40) *RvDRI
(Flying squad ) vXtrh>yh>qSgtd.oXzkvXtrh> (Southern Range,

Northern Range ‘D; Western Range) vDRI tcd.rh>uDRvRol’;D tvD>
vRrh>0J (D.Y.S.P) vDRI y0Jyrl’gvDRp;xD.0h>wul.’D;wkRbs;H b.vlR
Ck’k.’gw>upD.y’k;rh>eXRy’k;< rh>weXRud;xD.ok;zJ (rd) w>yXud;0J
(wJeef;aw1if) o0Dz;’d.wzsX.M.cD.rFLeH;ymclo.l ,y.tok;cd.t*R
(20) ’D;cd;0Jtok; (200) *RvDRI
y’k;e>yX>ok;’D;uD>&cgtok;1&h.< Southern Range Flying Squad, 1

qS.› (Adv k cf sKyfatmifqef;) tySR1qS.› ymCkm’D;ubD,lR< rDxd.x;<
‘D;rsmd yp;xD.vXwDtv l RD I [gcDv>HG e.&H.wkR (rd) w>cH;qlngrDx.d usJ
wtd.b.tCdb.pH.vDR’D;vJRvXcD.’DeRngvDRI zJr>k qh.xD.,J>e.
54
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
&H.M.yu0DREkmvDRo0DyRl b.q.ywxH.ySRydmcGgeDw*R< rhr>h ydmrk.’D;

zdo.td.*D>rk>td.’D;w>bd.w*RpkmpkmvX[H.zDvmM.vDRI ok;cd.oh.
wz.oHu>G ydmcGgvJRqlv.J I wJ0?J woh.ngb./ ?okb.d ymw>bd.
b.rEkRvJ./ wJqX0 ?yysHRw>/ vDRI cD.rFLM;pfo.h wz.M>b.w>
upD.zsJ.tCd< yCkt0Joh.wb.b.I tCd[gcDvGH>e.&H.b.[J
uhRvDR’DeRngvDRI uD>&cgweDRtcd.rlRvDRCHRvXusw J bsK;*R’D;udR
vR0gok;cd.b.pdmM>uhRtusd’D; Jeep b.[JxD.uDuDcJcJvXu[J
td.uhRt0Jo.h vDRI y[JuRh wkR(rd) ySRqgrhRw>vD>uG;J vDR0J (t0pm;
wpfusy)f y0J Flying Squad yEkmvDRtD.< rh>vXywtD.b.rhR’DeRH ’D
eRtCdvDRI b.q.ytD.wpd>zdrhRvXmuolvXmtD.wbsJ’D;xD.rD
xd.y[JuRh uhRqlwt D v
l RD I
D.Y.S.P tlp.ohr>h vXttXvXyzDc.

d e;r;tCd< ok;cd.vXtzDvm’D;
U.M.P vXrD.vrFJ.oh.wz.uhRuhRqlt0JRvD>cd.oh.cJvXmvDRI
‘D;b.rRySRJ xD.uhR’D;oxl.t U.M.P vDRI td.u’D;wvg’D;rh>vXt
tX’H;tCdytd.vX (rd) y[;xD.Ckm’D;pku0JRud;*RqlzFL0h>vXyu
uhRql0>h wul.thp.h D.I.G %lt*D>vDRI Chun;ySRywue.Ckmb.I
wkRywkRvXzFL0h>’D;b.vXw>cH;vHtqXuwD>zJv.h rh.tltoMt0J
td.vXt,HR’D;wJpyd RS og’dvRD vDysRH ql0>h wul. D.Y.S.P %l’;D wJ0v
J X
ogySRwu&XtHR[;z;tzdtrg’D;vDRbS;H vDRwDRtCd,[Ju;d zJzLF 0h>
vXutd.bSH;t*D>vDRI b.q.ywue.Ckmb.’D;t0JvJRusJR’D;
D.Y.S.P zJzLF ’D; D.Y.S.P zJzLF 0h>[Jqy
l td.’D;Chun;ySR’D;wJ0v J Xok
td.’D;w>pku0JRwu;b.w>cH;w>eRvH’;D okyRS uvkmwz.[l;*JRxD.
55
e;r;tCd,ySR0h>zduysHRb.zk;w>vDRI 0Ho;plRtd.ym’D;,RzJzFL0h>
tyXRuD>oM’D;,u[h.ul.okvDRI rh>vXtrh>wDtlw>yXtCdrXy
vJRxD.qdqw l t
D v
l RD I ‘D;yqSXxD.ySRcH*Rqlwt
D ’l ;D [JuRh wkRuhR*hR*hR
vDRI vXpSRoDtwD>ylRwDtlt D.C (ta&;ydkif) [JvDRorHord;w>*h>
0HR’D;uhRxD.uhRvDRbl;uySRJ wvg’D; DIG udRvR0gteD>up>[JorH
ord;y0JJoh.wz.’D; D.Y.S.P tlp.ohtX.vDRtw>ur.cJvXm’D;
DIG uhRuhRql0>h wul.vDRI
td.wEGb H s.J bs.J ,[;vdmuGv J XrDx.d ust

J qXuwD>,oud;vlRCk
,R’D;wJ0v J Xyb.vJRql0>h wul.rh>vXvDysHRwkRk tCdM.vDRI w>*h>
’fv.J yqdr.d wb.b.I b.q.y0Jv>HG *RypdmCkm Bren wcd.< Slen
wcd.< rifle cHcd.’D; (Sub Inspector Police) SIP unDw*Rusdw&H;
revolver wcd.‘D;y’k;e>yX>youd;vXttd.vDRwJmoh.wz.vXu
td.’D;w>yvD>xDbd’D;y0J,J>*RyvJRcd;vh.rh.tlvDRI wkRvh.rh.tl
[JwRk ’D;ySRtg< ySRuwHmtCdw>vD>wtd.b.I rh>vXt&h’.d tCdv.h
rh.tltcd.Chun;ySR’D;vJRymySRvXoGJ.v;twGJM.vDRI ‘D;b.vX
rk>eRvDRI *DRcDv.h rh.tlwRk 0h>wul.ypH.vDR’D;yxD.olu;d *Rrh>vXoG.J
v;url.’HbXySRtCdM.vDRI yigxD.vh.u[.’D; SIP M.wJ0o J gzd’.d
rk.td.zJw>vD>u0DR0JtRH tCdrXvh.u[.qSXySRzJM.vDRI b.Ckw
bsK;wDRr;ywkRt[H.vDRI y,DR0h>zdwz.uG>ySRtgr;yvk.xHuvHR
uvJo;0HR< ytD.rhR0HRypdmxD.ypku0JR’D;yvJRvXycD.ql%v l RD I yw
oh.ngw>eDwrHRzJtqXuD>zJM.ySRpdmpk0RJ wohb.I udRvR0gok;r;pdm
wohb.I b.q.yvJRwkRvX%lz;’d.vXySRc;oHo;k cd.usX>tD.qg’D;
56
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
toud;w>vD>wz.M.vDRI zJM.ySRcd;}wJRrh>y,DRok;rk>vG>H *Rt0Jo.h

td.’D;tvD>tvRud;*RyyF;vDRvDysRH ’D;’k;e>yX>ySRvXymwD>pku0JRzJt
0Joh.t}wJR’D;cd;wh>w*Rt0Joh.[h.0JtcGJ;’D;,eD>up>cd;wh>w>pk
u0JRvDRI ‘D;,oud;vG>H *RvJRxD.ql±v l RD I
u,Hmw>qXuwD>oXe.&H.wyX>xD.uhReDw*Rb.I b.rR’fv.J w
oh.ng< b.q.w>ysHRw>zk;wtd.’D;,Rb.I w,Hmb.t0Jo.h [J
uhR’D;w>eHRw>thymCkm’D;y,DR SIP pDrgvXt[;xD.qdvXngwzk
tusgw*RxH.vdmuhRo;< [H;pku>G rJmvdmo;’D;wJ0v J Xok0o J zk ;JF ok’l
tCd DYSP tl p.ohtvD>vDRuGmH ql SIP ‘D;okM>b.uhR DYSP t
oDw*RvDRI y[JuRh xD.uhR’D; DYSP toDw*R’D;yb.vJRtd.vX
%S.U uF .h 0h>vDRI rhr>h DYSP zJzLF 0h>w*RvXtuwdRrkmySR’D;rXytd.’D;
tDRzJzLF 0h>M.qdr.d 0JoyS>wX>vXy0Jw’l.cJvXmyb.td.vXxDyRl Cdm
ylRvDRI DYSP tlp.ohr>h vXtvD>vDR< tw>ur.td.tCduRh c;t
rgzdo.b.q.wb.trg< b.vXtzdcgG zdw*RoH’;D t0JuRh uhRqlt
rgz;’d.t[H.’D;c;oHvRD uhRto;vDRI
yrRoud;w>’D; DYSP toDw*RweH.0HR,R’D;,oud;pDRzgvgywD.

xD.vHmvXytJ.’d;rRoud;w>’D; Karen Rifle ‘D;t0J[.h ySRtcG;J *hR*hR
b.b.< od.oDyRS 0HRyvJRxD.qlrgwvh’;D yyF;vDRyvHmtk.o;’D; 3rd
Karen wl>vdmySR*hR*hRb.b.vDRI zJyvJRwkRk M.ySRxXok;zdouD td.0J
200 *RvDRI yEkmvDRqlyRS vD>vHRusgwoh’;H b.I yb.td.vDRqDw
EG0H RH yb.’d;yF;yw>td.ql.td.chsvXw>qg[H.qJ;uoH.0HRr;yuJx.D
3rd Karen Rifle ‘D;ytd.Ckm’D;ySRvD>vHRohvRD I yb.p;xD.od.vdo;
57
b.C;ok;w>rRvd (6) vgz;ql.ng0HR’D;yb.tX.vDRyo;vXok;

w>zH;wz.rRt*D>zD.vHmpDq<HS zD.eD.w,>vDRI
u,HmweH.C.C.’D;y0Jyok;’hw’hyb.vJRxD. demonstration vX
rh>rFd;0h>zJok;cd.vD>vHRoh.wz.[JxD.uhRw>rRvdtcgM.vDRI zJt
0Jo.h xD.w>rRvdtcgb.xk;uGmH tq.cJvXmxDx.D uhR0JvXteD.*H>
M.vDRI td.xD.’D;tup>’.0Jtok;qS.› ’D;tok;’hvRD I cJvXmutd.cH
u,Rbs.J vDRI zJM. Regmental Sergeant Major (RSM) pDRxdw.h b.
od.vdyRS vDRw>&J.vDR (Parade) , y,DRtok;puDRw*R’D;uD>&cgt
ok;puDRb.od.vduh>*DRw>od.vd PT vDRI y0Jyok;’hyb.yF;
demonstration b.C;’D;w>vDRw>&J.vDRM.vDRI yb.xlzsX.xl’;D
ok;cd.wz.M.ph>uD;vDRI zJ A. Coy ok;’htusgok;cd.CkxXxD.,R’D;
,oud;Ck*R< cJvXmEG*H Rb.xD. Officer Training School (OTS)vDRI
od.vdqyd RS uh>*DRw>od.vd (PT course) cHEw HG uwX>’H;b.tcgw>u
pD.wkRok;’hvXvD>cX.o;’D;y C.O. lt. Col. ‘H.xl[.h vDRySRw>od.vd
wbsC D v D Xyb.vJRcd; 2nd Karen tySR[H.zdCzD v d Xrh;xH.v.0h>vDRI
‘D;’k;e>yX>ySRvX Lieutenant General prh;’dM.tvD>’d.M>’H; Major
General M.0hM.vDRI prh;’dM.rh>ySRunDvRD I ‘fw>uvk>vDRtod;rk>
qh.xD.yok;’h< y’d;xD.vh.rh.tl’;D y,DRqlr;h xH.v.vDRI wkRywkR
2nd Karen tvD>cX.o;zJr;h xH.v.0h>’D; 2nd Karen wtd.vXReDw
*Rb.I td.’.t[H.zdCzD w d ’l.vDRI b.q.yvJRqlt0Jo.h td.w>
tvD>wohb.I yb.td.uwDRyo;oXeHR’D;rDx.d [JwRk ’D;y‘d;xD.od
vh.’D;yok;’hp;xD.[;xD.yb.rRrEkRyb.vJRqlv.J qlv.J M.yw
oh.ngb.I yb.cDzs, d .h e.cF’D ;D ywkmrHvXruU0>h < th.,.0’H.xHusd
58
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
uX>cd.vDRI vXusMJ . Karen Rifle, Chin Rifle ‘D; Gurkha Rifle [;

patrol tgr;vDRI rk>qh.xD.yok;’h’d;xD.u’D;odvh.’D;y[;xD.ql
ngvDRI [gcDub.vG>H e.&H.yxH. 2nd Karen rifle tySRcd;w>zdt.d
vXw>ylR’D;cd;w>vXusJcHuyRvdmvDRI w>plRwpJ;pJ;yoh.ngvXrh>
d 0Jo.h utd.cHrRH vmC.C.’D;ywkR 2nd Karen HQ
w>’k;vDRI ycDzst
‘D;ypH.vDRwbsDCDy Pl. Comd. lt. Johlly rXyydmxD.tcH< qSXySRql
yS>ylRwwDR’D;wJM>ySRt0JtHRrh>w>’k;ysDvDRI ‘D;t0JuhRuhRqlvD>cX.
o;vDRI
w>*h>wcD Burma Rifle M.[;xD.rh>uv.’d.0h>wul.tok;zdo.H zd

woh.ngph>uD;< [Jx.D wkRyF>H ’D;’k;e>yX>tok;vXywrh>y’d.tySRvXR
b.I yrh>cDrFLeH;vDRI ‘D;vDRuhRql0h>wul.wbsDCDb.q.ySRyX>qX
t0Jo.h ql.r;tCdw&H;cd.[JuRh xD.uhR’D;xD.u’D;0Jqx l ;wbsC D D
wvXuGmH tD.v.0h>tCd 2nd rifle b.vDR’k;t0Jo.h vDRI ‘k;0JM>’.t
cD.xH;wwDRvDRI qlngxD.0JwM>b.tCduRd vR0gok;cd.b.[Jus;J
pX;&J.pXR’D;y0J 3rd Karen b.[JrRpXR 2nd Karen vDRI ‘D;ok;u’Ju
’Jb.’k;vdmto;vDRI yb.td.w>vD>M.oXoD0RH r;w>uyDRxD.r;y
xD.’k;’D;wkR*DR 9 e.&H.wde.d vdmo;’k;vdmo;’DeRH wkR[gvG>H e.&H.t
0Jo.h w*kRuhRvD>cHtCdw>uvk>vDRvX fix bayonet b.[Jx.D ozSd
’D;’k;tDRr;t0Jo.h *kRuhRtvD>cHvRD I
*kRuhRtvD>cHwbsu D td.’. (5) rH;vmvDRI b.vJo;k ’D;b.xD.ud;

eHR’J;vDRI bl;uwkRtD.v.0h>vX[gcD (ta&;ydkif.D.C) vXtD.v.
0h>[Jx.D xJw*R’D;’d;vh.,D>’D;ySRzD.M>tDR’D;ySRorHord;tDR’D;'k;e>yX>
59
vDRto;vXtrh>(ta&;ydkif.D.C) vXtD.v.0h>’D;wJ0Jokrh>EkmvDR
tD.v.0h>M.wb.c;usdb.I rh>vX Burma Rifle vXtuJxD.cD
rFLM;M.wtd.vX0h>ylRvXRb.I [;xD.uGmH vXmvHtCdvRD I b.q.
Karen Rifle tok;cd.’k;e>yX>tDRrhr>h ’fM.’D;cJr>k qh.yuvDRqlt.
D v.
0h>wylRCDvRD I yvDRqlt.D v.0h>’D;wkRtD.v.0h>vX[g (5) e.&H.t
qXuwD> Burma Rifle wtd.vXRph>uD;b.’D;w>’k;wtd.b.I D.C
[JxD.’H;tw>tX.vDRtod;vDRI yb.ywkmzJtD.v.0h>wEGHrh>vX
b.[H;M>’k.’gw>upD.tCdvRD I
vXcHe>[lw>upD.vX Burma Rifle vXtuJx.D cDrLF M;t0Jo.h uhRrR

u>bG;J uFw
H Rd ’D;rh.yd>’D;cd;vDRu’D;ySRvXupX>uyRvDRbG;J uFt
H wdRM.
xHx.D xHvRD wkRxHvRD vXmM.e,l>vDR’D;evDRbsX.’D*RngvDRI b.
q.wkRtqXuwD>b.’D;y0J Karen Rifle y[;xD.tD.v.0h>td.
wh>’. Union Military Police (UMP) w’hM.vDRI y[;xD.’D;ywkRwdR
’D; Karen Rifle qDvRD o;xHusd’b D bd .q.cDwnDb.I rh>vXwdRu>
’D;z;xDwbdtCdvRD I vXyvD>cHwcDrsdm< 3"2" Motor ‘D;pJ;usdt.d u
wJmuwDRo;*D>rk>< cDrLF M;ph>uD;qDvRD 0Jt 3"2" Motor ‘D;pJ;usMd .vDRI
zJcDrFLM;oh.wz.M.zJy’k;vdmo;vXusJtcgc;vDR0J 3"2" Motor
‘D;b.vD>cX.o;*hRr;vDRI
wkRt,HmxD.’D;y Pl comd. Lt. Johlly pH;vXoguxD.’D;ud;xD. (No.

1 sec.) eD>*H> 1 ok;qS.› xD.’D;’fok;[h.vDRw>uvk>tod;xD.0JvDRI
b.bs;usv d XcsXCH (sling arm) ‘D;zD.wdRtuElR’D;wkRqlb;cD*Rh *hRvDRI
0HR No.2 sec eD.*H> 2 ok;qS.› xD.u’D;0Jp>h uD;ymCkm’D;,RwkRw>uDt
60
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
vD>’D;cDrLF M;xH.vDRySR’D;c;vDRpJ;usdqw l Rd zJw>uDtvD>M.vDRI yySR

qDvRD uszd ;’d.vXyvD>cHp>h uD;c;xD.0Jq’l .k ’gttd.wuyRph>uD;vDRI
w>’k;p;xD.’D;c;vdmo;ql.ql.cHuyRvdm’D;y0Jyb.td.vX’k.’g’D;
yySRuscd suH ql;vDRI ‘fo;k eJ.vDRtod;ySRxD.cDwRd wzkb.wzkq0l >b;
cDvRD I ok;tpJ;zDu[.ok;qS.› (Enginees Platoon) vXb.bSw D Rd ph>uD;
b. sling arm ‘D;b.bSw D Rd vXuscd su
H ql;vDRI c;’k.’gwcsK;b.vXcH
wkR’Do;k &h.Ckm’D;yok;’h (attach coy) qlb;cD’;d b.xD.’k;u’D;qlu
pX>uyRvDRI ok;zdcH*RpH.vDRqlwdRzDvmqdrd.xD.0JvXtcD.zD.wdR
xl.csK;’H;uyHmql;wH>< 0;wM>eDwpJ;b.I w>’k;u,HmvG>H e.&H.[g
cD,>J e.&H.’k.’g*kRuhRtvD>cH’;D ySRxk;xD.uhRvXysRH vDRI wdRph>uD;bSD
uhRo;0HR< rsdm‘D;rDx.cDuhRM>*hR*hRvDRI b.vJok;’D;b.xD.ud;eHR
wkRvXyF.H 0h>’D; DC vXyF.H 0h>[Jx.D usRJ ympXRw>’H;tD.v.0h>tCdw>
’k;vX0h>ylRwtd.b.I rRM>yFH.0HRb.xD.Cku’D;’k.’gvXth.,.0
wH.xHusdb.cDu;d eHR’J;’D;b.’k;vdmu’D;o;vDRI zJrRM>yF.H 0HRcDrLF M;
rRM>u’D;tD.v.0h>rh>vXtd.xJ UMP ok;’hw’htCd Karen Rifle b.
[Jx.D ’k;u’D;ySRok;’hc’H ’h ;D rRM>uhR0JvRD I zJw>’k;tqXuwD>ySRqSXvHm
y&Xtd.ph>uD;vDRI vHmy&XvX[H.[JwRk < euG;J vHmql[.H oh< ySRok;zd
w*Rtw>tJ.wDc*H RuG;J M>tvHmwkRwbsC D t
D .d ph>uD;’D;w>o;zSv H RD I
vgvJp>h uD;[h.0JvRD I w>’k;wbsDtRH ud;eHR’J;,HmwvgvDRI
u,HmwEGb H s.J bs.J ’D;y0J 3rd Karen w>uvk>vDRvXyb.[JuRh uhRql

y 3rd Karen tvD>cX.o;vXrgwvheyD Rl ohv’H ;D y[JuRh y[;xD.yF.H 0h>
’D;ywkmrHzo J .,.0wH.0h>weRrk>qh.xD.y[JuRh vDRuhRqlr.h uv.
’l.’D;yrHzMJ .weRvDRI zJy[JuRh M.y,DRok;wz.tJ.’d;rRwHmwmySR
61
wpJ;vDRI rk>qh.xD.y[;xD.’D;ok;rDx.d t’d.tcd. 40 ’D;[gcDywkRwD

tlz[
J g 5 e.&H.tqXuwD>ywkmrHzMJ .weRvDRI zJwt D Ml .1st Karen
tvD>cX.o;td.vDRI
rk>qh.xD.y[;xD.wDt’l ;D ywkRrh;xH.v.0h>vDRI ‘D;yb.ywkmzJr;h

xH.vmph>uD;’D;w>uJx.D to;ywoh.ngb.I Burma Rifle ‘D; Chin
Rifle rXyymvDRw>pku0JRb.q.ySRwymvDRw>pku0JReDw*Rb.I y
ok;’hM.td.’. (150) *RvDRI t0Jo.h u0DRwH>ySRutd.oXuxd*R
vDRI ,J,b.yXqSXw>pku0JRrk>qgcDt.d vX Rifle Court ph>uD;vDRI
rk>eRcDyRS ok;zd[xJ ;k xD.cJvXm,rRwohew D rHRy,DRok;cd.wz.usJR
vdmo;’DeRH ’DeRvXuymvDRw>pku0JRt*D>b.q.wuJx.D b.I u
,HmwEG’H ;D rXyok;cd.oh.wz.oX*RvJRxD.qlr>h rF;d 0h>vDRI ok;cd.oX*R
vJRxD.’D;wkR[JuRh wkRqDvRD &J.vDRySR’D;rXyymvDRpku0JRvDRI rh>vX
t0Jo.h vJRxH.yySRunDvXtzD.pku0JR’D;t[H.zdCzD cd v J Xmb.ym
vDRpku0JR’D;b.w>zD.CmtDRvXmvH’;D ok;cd.vXrh.rF;d oh.wz.Chu
n;vXy0Ju;d *Rytd.vXokpyk Rl okr>h wymvDRpku0JRy0Jo.h wz.tHRw
nDvXy*D>b.I yb.w>qDvRD &J.vDR’D;[h.ySRw>od.w>oDM.p;xD.
[g (6) e.&H. wkRrk>eR (12) e.&H.’D;ySRok;zdymvDRpku0JRvDRI rk>b.
xD.qSXxD.ySRqlr.h rd;F 0h>’D;vh.rh.tl’;D zD.tgxD.0JyySRunD UMP vX
zD.pku0JR’D;[JuhRymCkm0Jqlytd.’D;tgxD.wkR 200 *RvDRI u,J>
vh.rh.tloMM.cd;ympXR0Ju;d wDR’J;vDRI
wkRrh>rF;d 0h>vh.rh.tloMok;rDx.d td.cd;ympXRySR’D;b.pH.vDRwbsC

D D
b.td.&J.vDRo;wusRd ‘D;vJRqlov d .h td.w>tvD>vDRI y,DRok;cd.
62
pD R zJ , gzsŒ
w*R’D;yok;cd.w*RorHord;ySR< tDuzH s.D cHxX.0HRb.xD.qlov d .h ylR

w*Rb.w*RvDRI yxD.ySRJ wcd.’D;[;xD.wcd.vDRI wkRrDx.d [;xD.
‘D;ySRok;zdo;0H.xD. ?,w>rk>v>tcD.xH;/ tHRvDRI wkRywkRvX
w>zD.CmtvD>’D;yb.pH.vDR‘D;vJREkm’D;youd;vXtd.ympXRoh.w
z.wJyRS < ?cGgpDo.h {X< ttHRrh>CdmylRvDRI/ zJtwDR0JM.yok;utd.
1000*RcJvXmw>zD.CmtDRtvD>’D0>h ngutd.3000*RvDRI [h.ySR
vgvJ’;D w>tD.b.q.usMd .w’k;zD.ySRb.I yb.td.uwJmuwDR
o;xDbv d RD I y C. coy td.’H;vXrF‹c.F 0h>< ycl;ul.0h>’D;y,DRok;cd. Maj
w*R[JCyh ok;cd.w*RvXuvJRydmtcHqrl ‹F c.F ycl;ul.0h>b.q.ySR
ok;zdwys>b.I y,DRt Maj wJ0v J Xrh>wkRycl;ul.< rF‹c.F 0h>rh>xH.vX
C. coy td.vXrl’gylR*hR*hRu’k;zD.uhRySRpku0JRcJvXmvDRI ok;cd.w
*RoguvJRrh>rXymvDRpku0JRoguxD’g’D;’k;wbsC D v D RD I t0Jo.h vJR
wkRycl;ul.< rF ch .F 0h>’D;wvDRqDb.rX C. coy ymvDRpku0JRtCdw>’k;
uJx.D wbsDC’D ;D y,DRok;b.’dz;’d.vDRI vX Karenni State ph>uD;y
B. coy zJ[; patrol tcgy,DRok;cd.ud;uhRcJvXm&J.vDR0J’;D rXymvDRpk
u0JRtCdy B. company commander rXw&H;qlupX>’D;[;xD.ql
upX>wbsC D ’D ;D B. coy [;xD.wbsC D qD ul pX>’D;y,DRok;rRwohew D
rHRb.I
w,Hmb.utd.’.wEG’H ;D ubD,Rl [JczD sdyzDc.d cHb.h 0HRvX[gwe.

&H.tqXuwD> Jeep [Jwmk zJ Kachin Rifle cd;ySRt}wJRt0J[w J *R{dR
’D;rXy[;xD.cJvXmb.q.yok;cd.oh.wz.}wDyRS < oemuhr>h vXt
ud;xD.ySRql.ql.tCdy[;xD.’D’l.cDzsdySRcd;w>tuql;rh>vXt
0Jo.h cd;w>td.vG>H qH*Rt0Jo.h teD.*H>pSR’D;oHu>G ySRb.rEkRvJ.ywJ
63
qXwcsK;b.’D;w&H;ySR 40 *R< 0;w&H;yw>vD>M.vDRI Shan rifle y.

ph>uD;vXySRcd;w>tusg’D;’l.CmySR’D;ysRH x;cHwRD vDRI tcD.xH;wwDR
upDRxD.utd.tyh. 10 qlw>ysDyRl pDRpkR 5 ys>’l.u’D;0JupDRxD. 4
yh.wwDRvDRI y[;xD.’D’.l wkRrDx.d us’J ;D ucF‹.ok;cd.eD.%Sv J X[Jt;d
xD.ySRxJw*R{dRM.rXyvJRzs.J zs.J ’D;b.vJRqlv.J woh.ngb.I vX
cHwRk Rifle court w>ympku0JRtvD>’D;rXywD>oh.z;od;cJvXmrXyrRzs.J
zs.J vDRI [Jpmd Ckm0Jo;k uhc.d c‹;F ch.< ySRunDtrgudRvR0grk.’k;qh.eDR0J
cH*RvdmzJ Rifle court M.vDRI rh>vXwrRCkmt0JtCdvRD I rh.rF;d ubD
,lRys’D ;D qlr>h rF;d 0h>t}wJRM.pDRpkRtrHRvm (10) vDRI t0J[pJ .H vDRubD
,lRyszD MJ .td. Kachin rifle ‘D; Gurkha rifle ‘D;t0Ju&Xu&dx.D 0J’;D
uJx.D tySRcJvXm’D;[Jx.D ql0>h t}wJRph>uD;td.’. Kachin rifle ‘D;
Karen rifle vXt[Jx. D ’D;ubD,Rl t*R 60 M.ymwh>0Jzu J bD,Rl yswD
eDRzJ}wJRweDR’D; Rifle court weDRvDRI cDvDRuD>y,DRuvHRpd;’D;wkR
Rifle court td.’.ucF‹.&JzX.tCdt0Ju&Xu&dx. D ySRcd;w>zd’;D uJx.D
tySRvDRI
ywD>oh.z;eD>0HmcHcv J XmtCdy}J wDt;d xD.o;’D;yEkmvDRrRM>w>pku0JR

0HRy[JuRh uhRqlw>zD.CmySRtvD>M.vDRI ok;cd.ok;e>oh.wz.qD
vDRuhRo;vXok;’h’.0Jpmk pkm (by coy) 0HRrXyxD.’k;w>wbsDC’D ;H t
0Jo.h eJ.vDRw>vD>w>usJzrJ >h rF;d 0h>M.vDRI zJb;l bl;wH>wH>M.w>’k;uJ
xD.qd’;D Chin Rifle c;vdmo;vDRI zJtqXuwD>M.udRvR0gok;cd.
td.wD>’H;zJr.h rF;d 0h>oh.wz.EkmvXySR’k;vdmo;tbX.pXR,RxD.tpk
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64
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cg&J.zX.’D;pSRe.&H.twD>ylRy’k;M>rh>rF;d 0h>vDRI yzD.M>y,DRok;cd.z;’d.
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vXcHyoh.ngvX 1st Karen Rifle ‘D; KNDO rRM>wDt’l ;D [Jx.D ’k;rh;

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Goodbye Goodbye, Dear Sergant, We aren’t saying goodbye!
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vh.usJr>k b.w>’D.wJmtDRt*h>vDRI ogok;xD.ogo;qluvHRpd;w
uyR’D;[JEmk zJz.yl.tHRvDRI zJz.yl.tHRoge>[lb.vXok;cd. Seagrim
(zkxcD .D ) td.vXz.yl.uvHRpd;tCdogus;J pX;vlRydmtcHvRD I zJogwkR
CDRzDr>k ’d.o0D’;D og*H>bgvDRp>og[;wuJvXR’D;ogvDRCHRM.vDRI
t0Jt.d zJzrD >k ’d.tHRwkRto;orl[;xD.wpkM.vDRI
ok;zdw*RtHRrh>ySR Irish zdt.d vXuD> Ireland tylRtrHRvX Faxly Cryer

vDRI zJt0JwJw>uJ’H;wpJ;wpJ;tcgt0JrRuwHm,o;vXtuwdR
w>’D;rJmxHrmJ edvRD I toDcgM.,us;J pX;ymCmtw>yeD. (Batch) u
pD’b
D .q.yb.Ch>0hRCh>0DRtgylRtgqD’;D vDRr>uGmH vDRI
1942=45 twD>ylR,td.zJx, H md bDx.o0DvXvX>’d.uD>q.wDtl

uD>&h.M.vDRI zJ1945 eH.z;zDM.,e>[lvX Col. Howell [JwRk zJbcDF H
o0DvXtbl;’D;xH,dmbDx.to0DM.vDRI ,vJRclol.qlttd.’D;
zJ,xH.vdmo;’D;tDRM.t0JwJ,RvX,urRpXRtySR Sgt. Rowe
(Wireless Operator) vX,uzD.pXRtDR’D;qSXpXRtDRw>upD.t*D>
M.vDRI p;xD.zJM.,p;xD.rRw>vXok;&h. 136= Spider Force zJ
Hgena u0DR’fo;k puDRw*Rtod;M.vDRI
81
zJvged.0hbX. 1945 eH.e‹. Col. Howell rX,[Jql Lipyechee vX

,ub.qSXxD.qSXvDRok;*h>0Dw>upD.t*D>M.vDRI vg’H.phbX.,
vJR’d;ubD,Rl ’D; Col. Howell ql0>h wul.’fo;d urR0HRw>upD.vX
,ymzsgwz.t*D>vDRI zJ,rRw>qSXxD.qSXvDRw>upD.tw>rRzJ
Lipyechee tcg,wJb.,o&.pDRp.phvX,u’k;o‹.ng Col.
Howell b.C;ySR Irish zd Faxly Cryer t*h>b.q.pDRp.phw, J RvX
?td.CJ;/tCdywrRzsgySRw*RM.t*h>wkRrk>rqgtHRM.vDRI zJ,rR
ok;tcg,’d;M>rl’gw>yeD. (Batch) upD’b D .q.yCh>0hR0DRok;vD>ok;
usJtgeH.tgvg’D;vDRr>uGmH M>,RvDRI
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
82
pD R ch & h .
pDRch&h.
,td.zs.J xD.zJ1916eH.’D;rRvdzs(d 8)wDRM.vDRI ,td.zs.J rk>eHRrh>0J

1916 ‘H.phbX. 16 oD vDRI ,EkmvDRtJuvH;ok;zJ 1937 eH.< vg,lR
(11) oDzJ Burma Military Police (B.M.P) td. ‘D;eD>*H> 2797/W-640
‘D;,vD>vRwkR’.ok;puDRzdM.vDRI ,ok;uhc.d e>wz.rh>0J Col.Ford
‘D; Maj.Chapel wz.vDRI zJ,EkmvDR (BMP) tcg,o;td.’H;’.
(20) eH.M.vDRI ,rRw>weH.CkvgC.C.’D;,b.w>qSX,Rql
w>rJmng’k;,RysDzyJ .FD bG.J M.vDRI ,rl,’grh>0Je.D eJ.zsg (signal) qX
uwD>zJwcsK;,y.ok;rk>’k;M>ph.uyd.tcgM.vDRI vXcH,b.w>
qSXu’D;,RqlbsH;< weDo&H.uD>cDuvHRxH;’D;,rReD.eJ.zsg (5) vg
C.C.’D;ok; cd.ud;u’guhR,Rqly.FD bG.J M.vDRI
yw>[JuhRu’grh>yb.ydmtJuvH;ok;tcH’ftw>&J.w>usJRvXu
*kRtcHp;xD.vXuvHRxH;qluvHRpd;’D;qluD>th’,.wz.t*D>M.
vDRI w>*kRcHtusdRtHR[JuRh wqDwqDvRJ cD*mrd.,G>< uvh0;< wrl
0HREkmvDRuD>th’,.uD>qX< t.o.uD>pJ.0h>(Lanpropi)M.vDRI ,
td.zJM.pSREG’H ;D yb.w>qSXySR’D;odv.h ql (Dinapur) cDzsd Impal M.vDRI
yok;u’D;yo;ql Ranchi ytd.wEG0H RH yb. w>qSXu’D;ySRvXvh.rh.
tlql Hoshiaspur vXyutd.bS;H ’D;xD.u’guhRok;w>rRvdo*h Rh xD.
(Refresher Course) t*D>M.vDRI tcgzJM.,rh>’. N.C.O (ok;puDR
zdcyH s›) M.vDRI y0Ju;d *Rytd.vXtJuvH;ok;rk>w>yXtzDvmM.vDRI
83
ytd.zJ Hoshiaspur cHe.H bs.J ’D;y0Je.D eJ.zsgtySRvG>H u±l>b.w>qSXtDR

qluvHRpd;ucF‹.vJbH (Northern Kachin Levy) tok;vX’k;,Ru±l>
t*D>M.vDRI vXeD.eJ.zsgvG>H u±l>tzDc.d ,rh>rl’gcd.w*RM.vDRI yok;
usRd cd.rh>0J Lt.Col.Ford M.vDRI yrRw>zJM. 4=5 vg’D;rh>vXw>rRw
td.tgvXRtCdyb.w>ud;u’guhRySRql Hoshiaspur cDzsd,y.t
ok;’k;qXuhRyod.rSRH u±l>wM>vXRb.tCdM.vDRI tcgzJM.,b.
w>ok;xD.,vD>qlo;k puDRw*RM.vDRI
wkRrh>’k.’gwtd.vXRvXtJuvH;od.rSRH u±l>t*D>’D;,y.tok;’k;w>
wM>vXRb.’D;w>uvk>vXx;[JvRD vXyub.[;xD.vXuD>th’
,.< u;v;u;wgvXubD’;D uhRql0>h wul.t*D>M.vDRI zJywkRvX
uD>y,DRM.yeD.eJ.zsgtok;b.w>u&Xu&du’guhRtDR’D;,k>M>t
rHRvX (Burma Signals)t0JRvD>cd.oh.ol.vDRto;zJr.h rd;F (cJtRH yF‹.
tlv‹G.) M.vDRI zJM.w>uvk>vDR0JvX,ub.td.bS;H uGmH vXeD.eJ.
zsgok;’fok;puDRw*RzJ,rRw>ySJRxD. (10) eH.zJ 1947 eH.vg,lR
(16) oDteHRM.vDRI tqduwX>zJ,EkmvDR Burma Military Police
(BMP) tcg,eD.*H>rh>0J 2797 vXok;&h.cd. Maj.Chapel M.vDRI
,td.vX Burma Frontier Force (BFF) tcg,eD.eJ.zsgok;cd.rh>
Maj.Benetta M.vDRI wkR,uJxD.ok;puDRvX Burma Signals
tcg,eD.*H>rh>0J WA 640 ’D;,ok;cd.rh>0J Lt.Col Webb M.vDRI
,td.zJuD>th’,.tcgyb.w>yXqSXySRvX Capt. P.O.J Nicolson
vDRI ,[;xD.ok;zJ 1947 eH.< vg,lR (11) oD0RH vXcH,uJuRh uFo d
&.M.vDRI
84
pD R bXM.
pD R bXM.
,rh>o&.’d.vd±‹.ì tzdcgG < ,td.zs.J xD.vXvgrm±S; 4 oD< ‘D;rRvdzsd

xD.EGw H RD zJunDr;H ±SX.wDRcX.o;uFv d Xz.yl.0HR,EkmvDRtJuvH;ok;
zJrRh uFX.pH-u› (zkxcD .D ) tok;’hvXrhRuFX.pH-uhtzDvmvXtrh>rkmo;
rRpXR Volunteer ok;tod;M.vDRI ,[;xD.uGmH ok;zJ 1949 eH.vgpJ;y
xhbX.bl;uvXmvXtJuvH;ok;tylR,rh> Radio Operator ‘D;yHuRJG
o&.w*RvDRI ,td.’D;zdcgG w*R’D;zdr.k oX*RvXtuJuo dF &.o&.
rk.0JR’X;ySRuG;J vHm’D;td.vX[H.uG>zdwz.vDRI ,[;xD.ok;0HRtvD>
cH,rRuhRw>vXvHmpDqu HS ’dF o
f &.od.vdw>’D;yHuRJG o&.vDRI
,w>vJRcDzsv d XtJuvH;ok;rh>’ftRH vDRI 1942 eH.vg,ElRtg&H.Rbl;

uvXm,vJREkmvDRrhRuFX.pH-uhtok;’h‘yf RS Ch>pdmqSXw>upD.vXvX>
’d.’D;z.yl.tbX.pXRM.vDRI 1943 eH.vgtD;uxdbX.tylRrhRuFX.
eHr.d ‘D;tok;zd 5 *R[Jp.H vDRvXo’Xrk>zJrol ;J ylRtw>yXRcd.M.vDRI
rRu’D;zJ 1943 eH.vg’H.phbX. 9 oDeHR Maj. MaC Crindle Ckm’D;
unDo;k zd 4 *R[Jp.H vDRu’D;vXo’Xrk>zJz.S *DRylRM.vDRI
1944 eH.vgzhRºblRtg&HR 15 oDrRh uFX.eHr.d oH0v

J Xw>e;zJu>D rkmyS>’d.
0HRtvD>cHub.zJvgzhR-bLRtg&HRvXmM. Maj. MaC Crindle oHp>h
uD;zJr>D cF;H pX>x;ylRtw>’k;ylRweH.CDM.vDRI rhRuFX.pH-uh (zkxcD .D )
tup>’.0JuRh [h.vDRto;vX,y.tpkyRl zJr0J g’d.o0DCXRupX>
cD.xH;z.yl.uvHRpd;pSRrH;vmM.vDRI zJM.tcgt0Jo;d qh0gtzDc.d u
85
nDqyh s>d < ul0,

J Rd zs.D cHv;k ’D;0HCmk 0JunDtxX.xgzg*DRwzsX.vDRI ,
e>[lvXt0Jb.w>ymtDRzJuGD>bsD.’d.oDzJ0h>wul.p}xJ(ef)usJrk>zJ
1944 eH.vgthjzh. 29 oDM.vDRI zJvgpJ;yxhbX. 1 oD 1944 eH.<
M.b.w>rRoHtRD Ckm’D;unDzd (5) *RzJbg*,>w>oG.cd.M.vDRI
rhRuFX.pH-uhuRh [h.vDRto;0HRtvD>cHy0JunDo;p>zdwz.yuhREkm
vDRql,y.yXRuD>z 1J 944 vgthjz.h M.zJz.yl.M.vDRI zJvg’H.phbX.
1944 eH.ye>[lb.vXtJuvH;[Jp.H vDR0JzzJ .S *DRylRtysDyRl t*h>M.
vDRI
1945 vg,ElRtg&HRz;zDyCh>clol.xD.uGHmvX,y.ttd.< yuhR

Ch>qlz.S *DRylR’D;EkmvDRu’guhRqltu J vH;ok;= volunteer 136 M.vDRI
,oud;weDRydm0J Col. Peacok tcH’D;,J,ydm Maj.Tourrel tcHM.
vDRI ,vJRvDRydmtcHqv l X>’d.u0DRzJvgthjz.h tcD.xH;wEG0H RH zJvgth
jz.h 12 oD 1945 eH.< ‘f Maj.Tourrel tw>ul.w&H;tod;yvJRxD.’k;
,y.ok;td.zJvX>’d.unDu0DRylR’f*RD xX.oXw>’k; (Dawn Attack)
M.vDRI t0JM.rh>,y.tok;0JRvD>cd.oh.vXy’k;eXRuGmH tDRM.vDRI
w>M.tvD>cH,ok;uGmH ,rl’gql Maj. Wilson tok;usRd ’D;yok;yo;
qlqrh ’l .d u0DR0HRwkRrh>w>’k;w>,R0HR’D;ok;xH; 136 tHRb.w>rRy
wkmuGmH tDRM.vDRI vXcHuRh ’D;,[JuRh EkmvDRu’gql Burma Army
Signal zJr. h rF;d ’D;,’d;M>u’D;up>eD.*H>= W/ 1118 ‘D;vD>vRwcDr>h 0J
ok;puDRzdM.vDRI ,ok;&h.cd.rh>0J Maj. Cerlyn M.vDRI wkRrh>uD>y
,DR’d;M>w>obVwpkyEkmvDRu’D;qlu>D y,DRok;rk>’d.tylRM.vDRI ,
[;xD.uGHmvXok;zJ 1953 eH.vgthjzh. 12 oDM.vDRI
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
86
pD R p.th
pDRp.th
,RpDRp.th< cJtHR< 76 eH.< ,rh>ySRo.,.0’H>zdM.vDRI ,EkmvDR

tJuvH;ok;zJ 1938 eH.zJ First Burma Rifles, Training Company ‘D;,
eD>up>eD.*H>rh>0J 7279 M.vDRI ,ok;&h.cd.rh>0J Lt. Col. J.C Marlin
M.C. , ok;&h.cd.cH Maj. Rosely, 0JR’X;cd.rh>0J Capt. Stringer‘D;ok;
&h.0JRvD>cd.rh>0J Maj. Blaver 0HR’D;,ok;’hcd.rh>’. Capt. Moore
M.vDRI w>[h.vDR,Rrl’gzJrh.uv.’l.weH.0HRzJ 1939eH. ,vJR
b.qlr.h rF;d vX Subedar – Maj. Kan Choke (unD) Subedar xUu.DF
(unD) wz.tpkzv D mM.vDRI
1941 eH.vg,ElRtg&HRwkRvgr>±S;,xD.w>rRvdz[ J .d yd ([dyk ek ;f )<

,dRuD>pJ.0HRzJvg,lRvHM.,b.w>qSX,Rqlw.D uF<H 0HR’D;qluw JF .d
’D;qlv>JG rG‹ (vGKid af rG;) yS>usgok;’Ju0DRM.vDRI t0JM.rh>yvJRtd.cd;vDR
w>zJu>D y,DR=uF.D wJ.uD>qXw>bH.w>bXt*D>wkRvDRvX 1942 eH.
M.vDRI rh>vX,y.tok;w[JEmk vDRust J 0JM.b.tCdw>qSXu’D;
ySRqlr.D vrF.J ’fo;d yu’k;pXRw>zJ¬uRwk< uD;u&h;wz.t*D>rh>vX,
y.ok;td.ympXRzJM.vHtCdM.vDRI vXcHy*kRuhRcHqyl ud’;D qlcsX.
vGH>xl.w>’k;uJxD. (2) oDtwD>ylRy’k;}wDqXuGHm,y.tok;M>0Ju
pD’v
D RD I vXrlz;zD,y.tubD,Rl [Jc;ySRud;qXuwD>b.q.b.w>
c;vDRwJmuGmH tDRph>uD;M.vDRI
87
zJyok;qS.› wqS.› [;qS.uG>w>tcg,y.’D; Burma Independance

Army (BIA) tok;usRd ’k;o*X>ySRtCdunDo;k zd (5) *RCkm’D;ySReD.od
vh.w*R< ok;qS.› cd.w*R< cDoF ;k zdoX*RvDRuGmH vXw>’k;t0JM.tylR
vDRI zJM.y*kRuhRycHqligx;uFH (ig;xyf}uD;) 0HRtvD>cHok;’hcH’hvX
tb.w>wDc.d &d.rJtRD vX Brig.Major (ok;uh0RJ ’X;cd.) [JvRl xD.
rRpXRySRM.vDRI yqDvRD w>cD.qXw>’k;tusRd zJu;DF wug (ausmufwH
cg; ) vDRI w>’k;,Hm0JoXeHRoXeRql.r;vDRI vXw>’k;wbsDtRH ymCkm
’D;w%l;tok;usRd Rajput tok;usRd vX (¹yeG w
f efqm) wuyR’k;pXRySR
M.vDRI w>’k;ql.tCd Rajput tok;usdRtylRtok;qS.› td.’D;tok;
zdoXqH*RoHp>h uD;0JvRD I
zJu;DF wug,y.vJRxD.’k; 5th Burma Rifles tok;&h.0JRvDRcd.oh.tcg

Subedar rD.qh;‘D;ok;zd 17 *RoHvXw>’k;M.vDRI w>uvk>vDR0JvX
yub.*kRuhRycHqlwDtlvDRI zJubD,lRysD< cHeRtwD>ylRyok;usdR
’D;w±l;tok;usRd < w>uvk>vDRvXyb.[h.w>bH.w>bXvXrD.cFo H d
vh.usJrd>yS>’D;ySRvXtwDcd.&d.rJySRrh>0J’. Capt.Thompson vX
Bangali tok;rk>M.vDRI zJy’k;vdmyo;’D;,y.zJy;J vJ;0;tcg Jemadar
Pan Mya ‘D;tok;zd 16 *R,y.zD.M>tDRM.vDRI y*kRuhRycHvXrk>eR
tcgymCkm’D;ok;’ht*Rw’hM.vDRI y*kRuhRycHqrl .D cF, H mH 0JceH RH ’D;cHeR
0HRy*kRvDRu’D;uhRwkRvXu&h.eH.uD>< vG.J uD.M.vDRI ytd.bS;H 0HR’D;
y*kRxD.ycHql,dRuD>pJ. Mong Paun ,Hm 3=4 oD’D;yok;xD.yo;
ql,dRuD>pJ.vGJ>vh.’D;*kRxD.u’D;ycHql Naung Peng (pcgo.) ‘D;
xD.qlrrd ;h (rd;k rdw)f ,dRuD>pJ.uvHRpd;M.vDRI zJrrd ;h M.rdr;h 0h>cd.pD.bGg
88
pD R p.th
vXtrh>ph>uD;,dRok;&h. (15) tcd. Captain w*Rrh>ySRvXtoh.ng

vdmto;’D; Capt. Thompson M.vDRI pD.bGgtHRusRJ qSXySRvXodv.h
’D;weDR’k;vJR0JvXxdqn l .D tlM.vDRI zJM. Capt. Thompson wJb.
t0Jo.h vXt0Jub.ymwh>t0Jo.h ’D;rRvdmwh>t0Jo.h ‘fo;d uqSXM>
tDRw>upD.zJtu J vH;tok;[JuRh u’g0JtcgM.vDRI y0J (8) *RyuhR
u’gqlrrd ;h ’D;[h.vDRuGmH us’d ;D ok;uluRqlrrd ;h tpD.bGgvXuymCmM>
ySRvDRI vXyusgyoud;vG>H *REkmvDRuGmH ql,Rd yXRuD>ylRtCdy0JvXt
td.wh>vG>H *RyuhRu’gqlr.h rF;d yvlRxD.usv J XtvJRcDzsd (armif;i,f/
ausmufr/J pcef;om) oh.wz.M.vDRI rdr;h pD.bGg[h.xGyJ RS w*R< %l;yH.
(20) ‘D;wkRyuhRwkRrh>rF’d ;D yvJRtd.vX0h>uyR (qifavmif;) o0DvRD I
1945 trJ&uRok;[JuRh EkmvDRrh.rF;d tCdyEkmvDRuhRqltok;&h.ylR

’D;vlR’k;xG, J y.ok;wkRvX,dRuD>pJ.uvHRxH; (&yfapmuf) M.vDRI y
’k;b.,y.tbsu D td. (20) M.vDRI rh>vXy’k; zs;d ‘k;ysD uGmH ,y.vX
(&yfapmuf) tCdw>[h.ySRw*R< ±l;yH; (300) ‘D;yb.w>qSXu’guhR
ySRqlr.h rd;F M.vDRI
zJr>h rF;d M.w>ud;xD.ySRok;zdv>D vHRwz.vXuymzsgxD.to;’D;yuhR

ymzsgyo;zJe.D *H> (3) w>Cko.h ngtoM’D; Lt.Col. Tucker [h.vDR
,eD>up>eD.*H>toD 75,780 M.vDRI 0HR’D;qSX,Rqlrgwvh 5 vgt
vD>cHw>qSX,Rql First Karen Rifles zJwDtlM.vDRI zJM.yb.
’k;u’D;cD.rFLe;Hzwd z.M.vDRI zJ,uhREkmvDR First Karen Rifles tHR=
ok;&h.cd. = Lt. Col. Starmon
ok;&h.cd.cH = Maj. Steach
89
ok;&h.0JR ’X;cd. = Capt. Donny (unD)

ok;&h.0JRvD>cd. = Capt. Min Maung (unD)
ok;’hc.d = Capt. Telmadge
‘D;zJM.tcg,rh>ok;puDRw*RM.vDRI zJ1949 eH.yok;&h.’D&.h [;xD.

uGHmvXok;rk>’d.tylR (uD>y,DRw>obV0HRM.’D;ok;&h.td.vXuD>y
,DRok;rk>’d.tzDvm) ‘fod;u’k;w>vXunDt*h>0D (w>obs›) t*D><
H cgok;&h.cd.rh>0J Lt. Col. Min Maung (vXcH
qDvRD uhRto;zJr.D cFt
uJxD. KNLA tok;cd.usX>) M.vDRI
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
90
zH x X.tJ . j’L
rh;pxX.zHxX.tJ.j’L
,EkmvDRtJuvH;ok;zJ 1940 eH.vg,lR (14) oDvXrh.rdF; Burma
Army Signals ‘d;M>eD>up>eD.*H> w/759 ‘D;,[;xD.vXok;zJ 1946
eH.vgpJ;ywhbX.22 oDM.vDRI zJ,uJok;tcg,rh>’.ok;puDRzdw
*RM.vDRI ok;xH;vX,rRw>’D;eH.vgqXuwD>[J0’J v f mtod;M.vDRI
1941=42 eH.M.,y.[JEmk vDRqlu>D y,DRylRtCd,ydmxD. 2nd Burma

Rifles ok;&h.td.vXbs;H wzktcH’;D y*kRuhRcHwqDb.wqDwRk vDRql
uD>th’,.M.vDRI
1943 eH.tylR<‘fo;d ,uxD.b.eD.eJ.zsgywD>xDw>rRvdt*DRM.,

qJ;usX’D; Royal Corps of Signals zJ Eastern Command vXt0JRvD>cd.
oh.td.ol.vDRto;zJu>D th’,.0h> Barrackpore tylRM.vDRI
1944 eH.M.< ,EkmvDRrkmo;rRpXRok;vX t0JRvD>cd.oh.td.zJu>D th’

,.uD>qX ImphalvXok; &h.(33) tzDvm0HR‘k;oud;w>zJ Imphal
vD>u0DRtw>’k;M.vDRI tcgzJM. Volunteer tok;&h.cd.rh>0J Col.
Murray M.vDRI
1944=45 tylR< ,[JuRh zJ Shillong , Assam tcgM.td.bS;H ’D;rR*hR

xD.uhRw>td.ql.td.cs›b.q.tvD>cH,xD.w>pH.vDRo’Xrk>t
w>rRvdzJ Jessore uvHRok;rk>t0JRvD>cd.oh.M.vDRI w>rRvd0RH ,
91
b.uhRpH.vDRvXo’Xrk>zJunDu>D pJ.< rD.cFt

H 0h>CXRo0DwzsX.‘fo;d
,uuhRrRoud;w>’D; Volunteer tok;zJu>D y,DRt*D>M.vDRI 0HRt
vD>cH,EkmvDRuhRql Z Force vXtb.w>yXqSXtDRvX Col. Peacock
M.vDRI Volunteer tok;trlt’grh>0JuvlRrRwHmwm’k.’gvXw>rJm
ngwz.‘D;’D.wJmw>qJ;us;d qJ;usXtustJ usRd cJvXmzJuvHRok;rk>’d.
ubD,lRb.C;od.rSHRu±l>to;EkmvX’k;’D;rRM>uhR0h>wDtlvXt
,HR’D;0h>wul. 175 rH;vmt*D>M.vDRI
1945=46
w>oh.wz.0HRtvD>cH< ‘D;zJ,y.ok;rk>ymvDRuGmH pku0JRtvD>cHM.,
[JuRh u’gqle>D up>tok;xH;M.vDRI
w>vRuyDRyeD. Medal vX,’d;M>wz.

1I 1939 Star
2I Burma Star
3I Overseas Badge
4I Burma Defence Medal ‘D; 5I War Madel oh.wz.M.vDRI
vXok;w>rRtylR,rl,’grh>0Jw>qJ;us;d ‘D;yh>qSgtw>[l;w>*JRwz.
M.vDRI
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
92
pD R rD v X>
pDRrDvX>
,R< pDRrDvXmtd.zsJ.xD.vX 1921 eH.vge0hbX.(11) oDM.vDRI

,y>pDR’hb;h ’D;rd>rh>eD>phr.JF M.vDRI ,EkmvDRtJuvH;ok;zJ 1941 eH.I
vXok;tylRtHR,rl’gb.C; Wirless Operator 1st Grade M.vDRI
,ok;’hc.d rh>0J Major .O.W Bowing vXcHux J .D Eastem, Brigade t
(CEO) w*RM.vDRI wcsK;w>’k;0HRuwD>,ok;&h.rh>0J W/ 176 ‘D; w>
’k;0HR0JtuwD>,ok;&h.rh>0J W/799 M.vDRI
zJ 1943 eH.,EkmvDRrRok;zJbsH; 2nd Burma Rifle vXok;uhcd.rh>0J

Col. Calogan. wkRrh>,y.tok;rk>’k;M>0h>’0J>’D;yb.’d;xD.ubD SS
Anderson ‘D;*kRuhRyvD>cHq0
l >h wul.M.vDRI wkRywkRvDR0h>wul.0HR
tvD>cHyb.ok;vDRyvD>cHqu l vHRpd;wqDb.wqDp;xD.’.vXyF‹.<
,h.e.cFD< rH;xH.v.< rgwvh< ±ì‹.bd.< uvh0;< wrl’D;yok;yo;
qlt’h ,.uD>qX Imphal, Kohima ‘D;EkmvDRzJt’h ,.t0h> Ranchi
w>yXM.vDRI ytd.u’kzJ Bishop West High School M.vDRI
vXrl’gvDRqDtzDc.d ,[JuRh u’guhRqlu>D y,DRzJ (1941) bl;uu

wX>M.vDRI ,vJRxD.qlucFŒ.uD>pJ.uvHRpd;upX>wz.’D;EkmvDRyl.
w.td.uvHRpd;w±l;ok;cD (92) zJ Nantamine u0DR< uD>pH.tuD>
qXM.vDRI ,w>*h>rh>’fo;d ,ub.’k;oh.nguD>pH.yok;vXy0Jtu J
vH;yok;u[JuRh *kRcH’*f >h *D>tltw>vd.b.tCd< yuydmxD.±GŒ.F vH.
tusEd mk vDRyXrFŒ;uFeH g’fo;d yurRpXRtrJ&uRt Marauderok;usRd vX
93
t[Jx.D vXt.o. (Assam) td.’D;tw>ynd.vXubSx D .D Ledo-

China usrJ >k vXuD>pH.t[D.cd.tylRvXtrJ&uRt*D>M.vDRI rl’gvDR
qDt0JtHRb.w>rR0HRtDRzJ 1944 eH.cD.xH;M.vDRI ok;cd.vXtyX
qSX&J.usJRw>rRz;’d.tHRrh>0J Maj. Bridge ‘D; Maj Leech wz.vDRI
ok;usRd wz.rh>0J’. Ma C-hindradall Regiment vXt[JvX Assam
Special Rifles M.vDRI
ytd.bS;H zJy.l w.td.wvg0HRtvD>cH,b.w>qSXvDR,RqlucFŒ.vJ

bH (Levy) ok;td.zJLaaung -ga vXttd.zJy.l w.td.’D; Suprabum
0h>cHzsX.tbX.pXRM.vDRI ,vJRCkm’D; Maj. Coffee ‘D;yrl’grh>’fo;d
yuqJ;usXvdmyo;’D;ok;&h. (136) td.vXucFŒ.uD>pJ.upX>usgvX
uD>y,D>uvHRpd;M.vDRI wuwD>CDM.yub.Cko.h ng,y.tok;
w>c;yeD.’D;’D.wJm,y.ok;tw>qJ;us;d tusRd wz.t*D>vDRI w>M.
0HRtvD>cH,td.’D;rl’gvXb.qJ;usXvdmyo;’D;trJ&uR Marauder
ok;usRd wkRy’k;uGmH rF;H uFeH gwpkM.vDRI
rF;H uFeH gvDR0HRtvD>cH Dead-end-hills tok;usRd [J[;H M> Marauder t

ok;usRd tvD>r&D’X>tok;usRd uhRtd.bS;H zJ Assam M.vDRI ,Rph>uD;
w>’k;td.bS;H ,RzJ Assam tw>yXw>vD>ud;0J Shillong M.vDRI ,td.
bS;H wvgC.C.0HRw>qSXu’D;,Rqlu>D y,DRvXrl’gvDRqDCmk ’D;*D>
&cgrkmo;rRpXRok;usRd vDRqDt.d zJt.o.w>yXM.vDRI ,rl’grh>’fo;d
yurRysu D mHG ,y.tok;vXtrRwHmwm< &RvDRto;zJyudupX>wl>
wu0DRt*D>M.vDRI w>rRz;’d.tHR0HRtvD>cHo;k usRd tHRw>[h.vDRu
94
pD R rD v X>
’D;ySRrl’gvXu’k;zs;d xD.uGmH ,y.ok;td.zJy‹Fregrk>xD.’D;wkRvDRvXu

&h.eH.uvHRxH;wz.M.vDRI
zJ 1945 vgtDuml (7) oDr>k eRytd.zJupX>usgo0DwzsX.td.vXyF‹r

eg’D;yh.vD. (yifav1if) tbX.pXRw>vD>ud;0J (uefjyLat1uf) zJ
z;zDr>k C.C.uwD> (11) e.&H.bs.J M.y’d;M>vDysRH w>upD.’k;oh.ng
ySRvX,y.tok;ymvDRpku0JR’D; w>’k;0HRvHM.vDRI w>w[h.ySRt
cGJ;vXy’k;,y.ok;zdwz.vXRb.I w>uvk>vDRvXyub.vJRvDR
ql,>G uFoH 0D’;D rRvRuyDRw>rReXRteHRtrl;0HRyuhRxD.u’guhRqly‹F
regM.vDRI
wkRvDRzJ 1963 eH.’D;,EkmvDRrRoud;w>’D; KNU ‘D;vXw>tHRtJu

vH;ok;ymyeD.,RvXySRC.’lcsXo;zdtCdw>w[h.uhR,bl;,vJ
vXtylRuGmH p;xD. (1943=47) w>r mJ ngrl’gylRwz.t*D>vXRb.I
vX Volunteer tok;ylRM.yok;uhc.d rh>0J Col Standly, Maj. Spicar,
Capt Wright, Capt. H. Hockson ‘D;ok;cd.w*RcH*R,wd>eD.trHRwM>
vXRb.I
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
95
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o;yS>pDRrJ’t l 0Jr>h zgwH>pDRzdr;F tzdcgG 0J>udM.vDRI t’Dy>k 0J>td.vG>H *R< pDR

rJ’<l eD>ud>< eD>y.’D;pDRrD.vh.M.vDRI t0Jt.d w>vD>rh>0JvX>’d.0h>w>
yX< o0DvX>0J;cHM.vDRI t0JrRvdw>zJvX>’d.wDRzk.uF0d RH < uRw>bD
oXeH.zJw>cD.vD>pDRoDuMdF .vDRI vXcHt0JuRh td.uhRvXto0D’;D xD.
yS>’D;twcGgrk.w>yd.vd.M.vDRI ‘D;t0Jr>h vXuG;J vHmz;vHm< uwdRy
,DRusmd oh’;D wJtu J vH;usmd ph>uD;b.zJt-uX;tCdo0Dzw d z.ymxD.
tDRvXo0Do;yS>M.vDRI ‘D;t0Jb.zD.xD.o0Do;yS>tw>rR’D;uJx.D
puDRzJo0DvX>0J;cHM.vDRI t0Jx.D zdc*H R< tzdr.k 0J>ude>D v;uF.H < tzd
cGgpDRxd.oDtMh .vDRI vXcHw,Hmb.M.,y.EkmvDRqlu>D y,DR’D;’k;
w>’D;tJuvH;M.vDRI zJM.tcgb.vXtJuvH;ok;wz.C.’D;Ch>rSH
[;zs;d tqXuwD>M.vDRI ‘D;zgwH>’D;toud;o0Dzw d z.xH.vXtJu
vH;tcd.w*RChw>rRpXRvXt0Jo.h ttd.’D;vXw>o;td.tylRymcl
ol.0J’;D qSXupDRuGmH 0Jqo l 0DwzsX.b.wzsX.M.vDRI
vXcHM.,y.M>b.w>upD.vXySRunDwz.rRpXR’D;ymclol.tJu
vH;ok;wz.tCd,y.ud;vDRt0Jo.h qlvX>’d.t%lvXtrh>o;yS>rJ’l
(vX>0J;cHo0D)< o&.CDol (wul.o0D)< zky’d.wD; (chyRl o0D) wz.
’D;w>vD>t*kRt*RweDRvDRI wkRvXzgwH>rJ’v l RJ wkRvXvX>’d.t%lM.
zk.cD.ok;wz.zD.CmtDR’D;pXwH>CmtDR< wD>tDRrR0Jtuvkmuvkm
’D;oHuG>orHord;t0Joh.w>tgr;vDRI vXcHzk.cD.ok;zdcH*RqXxX.
vXtuyRcD*R*Rpdm’D;cD.zH;ok;w*RwcD’;D ’J0tJ rJmo.vXcD.zH;ok;vX
96
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tngo;td.’D;x;M.vDRI wkRtrJmcsHo.HG xD.< nd;xD.wpkysJvRD uhR

0J’D;rXySRuhRqSXuhRtDRqlto0DM.vDRI wHRoud;unD< y,DRvX0h>
vX>’d.tylRwz.oh.ngtDRtgr;tCdySRqSXuhRtDRvXto0D’D;t
[H.zdCzD [d tJ .d uhRtDRM.vDRI ySRb.uhR,d;uhRtDRvDRI p;xD.zJM.
t0Jb.wl>b.w>e;e;uvJmwkRtrJmcscH w H .d [;*DRuGmH ’D;xH.uhRw>
wohvXRb.M.vDRI o0DvX>0J;cH’;D vX>’d.0h>,HR0J( 6) e.&H.usJM.
vDRI
vXcHz.k cD.wz.xD.rR[;*DRo0DtRH ’D;’lo0D< [H.CD< bk[w k >zdw>

vHRwz.[;*DRuGmH ’D;o0Dzw d z.b.Ch>xD.uGmH ’D;td.clo.l vXyS>ylR
vDRI w>tD.w>tDwvX< w>ulw>uRph>uD;wulwvX‘D;zJM.w>ql;
w>qgwz.[Jux J .D ’ftrh>w>[XzXvlw>qgwz.cVr;tCdo;orl
wz.b.pl;uGmH to;Ckmo;yS>rJ’t l rd>ty>ph>uD;vDRI ySRvXucl.vDR
t0Jo.h wtd.b.I td.’.xJtzdcgG o’gpDRrD.vh.’D;tzgwH>cH*RvDRI
cs.D wuhvXubd.bX0Jp>h uD;wtd.b.I pDRrJ’w l cDr>h vXtrJmwxH.
w>tCdvRJ ymvDRtrd>ty>qlt’J[.D cd.wwkRb.I rh>vXt0JC>h w
oh< [;wohtCdb.td.vXrk>*>zgwH>’D;zdrgtw>tH;xGu J >G xGt
J zDc.d
vDRI t0JwxH.w>tCdtzdwz.b.zD.uvX>0J’D;ySRvXt[Jtd.
oud;tDRtgM>cHbso D Xbsw D z.zD.0Jtuvk>b.xD.’D;wd>eD.uhR0Jt
up>b.vDRI wkRzdc*H R’d.xD.M.b.zH;b.rR< uG>vk>tD.uhRtDRvDRI
rgw*RwcDb.uG>xGt J RD ’D;’k;tD.‘k;tDtRD vX[H.ylRCDyRl vDRI trgM.
td.’D;w>o;bH;w>qgtCdb.weHRzJzo d .h wz.[;zH;[;rRtcgt
0Jt.d wh>’D;trgcH*RvX[H.’D;b.zJw>o;tH;xD.trgtcgt0Jb.d bH
xD.trg’D;zd;[kCm0JvXtpk’.k wDRvdRM.vDRI trgto;[;xD.vX
97
tpkvRd b.q.woh.ng0Jb.I toud;vXt[H.uyRw*R[Jt.d

oud;tDR’D;xH.0JvXtzd;[kCmtrgvXto;orlwtd.vXRw*RM.
vDRI wkRtw>wJb.tDR’D;t0JyvX>uG>trg’D;[D.[ho;r;to;vDRI
vXcHy,DRy’d.rR0JwmJ vG>H wJmp;xD. (1972=1974) eH.tCdo0DvX
upX>cd.uvdusgwz.y,DRok;w’k;td.’D;[D[;xD.uGmH 0J’;D rX0Jt[J
uhRtd.bl;vDRuhRzJ0>h vX>’d.uydmuyRo0Dye>’JM.vDRI qXuwD>zJ
M.tzdcgG oHumHG ’D;td.uhR0J’;D tzdr.k ’D;trmtoud;M.vDRI td.0JwRk
1976 eH.tzdr.k oHp>h uD;tCdtyk>’hcgG pDRrD.vh.ud;uG>uhRtDRvXt
[H.’D;pl;uGmH to;zJ 1978 eH.M.vDRI t0Jr>h ySRvXySRoh.ngtDRtgr;
’D;wHRoud;wz.ymuJtRD ’D;tJ.b.tDR’d.r;w*RM.vDRI zJtvJRylR
uGmH [D.cd.tcgtd.rl0J 72 eH.M.vDRI
(tJuvH;ok;cd.tHRrh>0J Maj. Seagrim M.vDR) b.w>uG;J tDRvXpDRpd

rlzIH
ÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ
98
pD R bD R M.
pDRbDRM.
pDRbDRM.td.zs.J xD.0J’.zJ (23I2I1922) M.vDRI ty>rh>0JpRD ±ì‹.xlp.

’D;trd>rh>0JeD>’g’J;M.vDRI t0Jtd.zsJ.xD.0J’.zJweDo&H.uD>cD< bsH;
[D.u0DR< yvD;< yh.cFgo0DM.vDRI ty>M.rh>ySRrRw>zdvXudRvR0gt
pX>ylRx;ylRp&hM.vDRI trd>rh>ySR’d;oMRto;vXt0R’D;ol.ph>uD;us;D
wpJ;M.vDRI t0Jt’Dyk>0J>td. (4) *RM.vDRI vXtusgt0Jrh>ySRt
’d.uwX>w*RM.vDRI
t0Jp;xD.rRvdw>zJto0Dy.h cFgM.vDRI t0Jzsx d .D vG>H wDRzJto0Du0dF RH

vXtw>rRvdqn l gt*D>ty>qSXtDRql0>h ’0J>< usrD RD pduMdF .vDRI t0JrR
vdw>zJutdF RH zsx
d .D (7) wDR0HRrh>vXty>td.wql.tCdt0JwqJ;rR
vdb.w>vXRb.I b.rRpXRuhRtrd>vX[H.CDtw>zH;w>rRtCd
M.vDRI weH.CDzJM.ty>pl;uGHmto;M.vDRI t0Jb.rRpXRtrd>’D;
b.uG>xGJuhRyk>qH;wz.tCdw>rRvduwX>uGHm0J’.zJ (7) wDRM.
vDRI
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wz.tw>uGEJ mk tDRvXu‘k;pXRtDRuDRvR0gtCdM.vDRI zJM.unDzd
wz.tgwuh>rh>ySRvXtrRw>vXudRvR0gtw>yXtylRM.vDRI t
Cdy,DRwz.uG>wvDRySRunDzw J XudRvR0gteD.wD> (vufuikd f
d 0J v
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wz.ymzS.d xD.to;’D;y,DRweDR’D;yXql.yXpd;xHzud >D zde;M>uDRvR0g
99
wz.tq;wz.tq;vDRI ySRxHzu d >D zdy,DRwz.wJ0J (usm; a=umuf

vd‹±k iS }f u;D ud;k / ±Si}f u;D usm;xufq;kd ) M.vDRI xHzu d >D zdwz.zS.D vDR,mvDR<
zH;tD.rRtD.b.uDucD cJ w J Rk ’.vJmuulb.od;b.t*D>b.rRM>oh.
bh.< wD>uykmtDR’D;b.ulbXto;vDRI ySRyXw>tcgzJM.yXql.yXpd;
wD>xHzduD>zdwz.< pDRbDRM.teD>up>’.vJmb.wD>wbsDcDzsdvXy
,DRweDRvXtuG>wvDRty>vXtrRw>vXudRvR0gtpkylRtcgt
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oHb.r;to;< b.wl>b.0Je;e;uvJmvDRI w>rRto;vXtDRtHRt
0Jwo;yhReD.0Jew D bsb D .I tcgzJM.t0Jr>h ySRol.0D’;D rR0D< rRpHmrRu
pkt.D upkyRS ,d,zd v d RD I
zJ 1943 eH.tvXmwuyRM.t0Jzst D o;’D;eD>vJR’.M.vDRI t0Jx.D

yS>0HRu,HmcHe.H bs.J M.udRvR0gzdwz.[JEmk yXuhRuD>y,DRtoDwbsD
M.vDRI pDRbDRM.tHRvXtzdo.tcgvHRvHRto;pJvXw>’k;w>,Rw
uyRM.vDRI tCdzt J 0Je>[luRd vR0gwl>vdmySRok;zdtCdt0JvRJ Ekm
vDRqluRd vR0gok;zJ 1946 eH.xD.toDwuyRzJ0>h ’0J>M.vDRI tcD.
xH;ySRymtDRvXok;zdo’D ;D vXcHt0Jx.D ok;w>rRvdz0J >h ’0J> 6 vgvDRI
ok;w>rRvd0RH w>[h.vDRtDRrl’gqlw>vD>wwDRb.wwDRM.vDRI w>
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ok;puDR (oXyV) M.vDRI t0JM>b.ok;puDR0HRw,Hmb.M>b.w>
cG;J w>,mvXub.vJRxD.yh>qSg (intelligent) w>rRvdvX0hr.D vrF.J
M.vDRI t0Jzsx d .D yh>qSgw>rRvdz0J >h ’0J>0HR[JuRh wkRzJ0>h ’0J>M.w>w
100
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o&.q.vlo.h wz.M.vDRI t0Jo.h ’d;M>b.w>upD.vXpDRb;tl
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101
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102
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tDRtrHRrh>vDcx D yl ,DRqdur.0J’.vXtDRtCdrRoHumHG 0J’.M.vDRI
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oh.to0Dzw d z.td.’D;w>uwJmuwDRw>yvD>y’Dto;xDbMd .vDRI
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[JwRk qly.h cFgo0DM.vDRI y,DRwz.[JEmk vDR’D;ok;rDx.d M.vDRI rh>vX
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103
t0JEkmvDRudRvR0gok;zJ 1946 eH.’D;t0J[;xD.udRvR0gok;M.p;

xD.zJ 1949 unDzdwz.p;xD.pku0JRw>yX>qXM.vDRI t0JqJ;usX
vdmto;’D;unDc.d e>vXx;wuyRzJt0J[;xD.udRvR0gok;0HRt
vD>cHM.vDRI t0JymzSd.rRoud;uhRw>vXunDw>yX>qXtylR’D;w>
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rk>xH;o0Dwz.t[D.u0DRM.vDRI vXcHw>[h.vDRu’D;rl’gvXub.
[Jx.D qlweDo&H.us (d xHr>d yS>us)d vXw>uol.xD.qDvRD ymvDRuD>
olvRh w>yXw>qSXt*D>M.vDRI t0J[x J .D wkRxHr>d yS>uszd J (1952) eH.
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ud;w>’D;cd.e>wz.zJxrH >d yS>ust
d RH (3) eH.0HRt0JuRh vDR[H;M>rl’gzJt
up>to0DvXyh>cFg< yvD;usJr>k xH;o0Dwz.t[D.u0DRM.vDRI t0J
uhRwkRqlw>rJmng[D.u0DRzJ (1956) eH.’D;vXw>yX>qXurReXRw>
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z.M.vDRI wkR 1974 ’k.’grRwJmvG>H wJmw>&J.w>usRJ tCdt0Ju[l;
*JRvJRxD.uhRvDRt*D>wnDvXRb.tCdt0J[u J Rh xD.qlu>D &h. (ch.
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t0Jto;td.0JwwDRb.wwDRM.vDRI ‘D;zJ,ElRtg&HR 1oD 1992 eH.
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104
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rh>0Je>D xH&.H M.vDRI trd>ty>rh>0JyRS td.upkt.D upk’;D zH;tD.rRtD.
pHm{dRySRJ {dRM.vDRI t’Dy>k 0J>cJvXmtd.0J,>J *RvDRI ydmcGgvG>H *R’D;ydmrk.
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zdwz.M.vdmuG0J w J >’k;vdmo;M.vDRI t0JrRvdw>zsx d .D wwDRb.w
wDRvDRI t0JzsdxD. (6) wDR0HRtvD>cHrh>vXt0Jtrd>y>qSXtDRwM>
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tD.rRtD.wuyRM.vDRI
(1946) eH.zJt0Jto;td. (20) bs.J M.’fto;pJt.d vXw>’k;w>,R

wuyR’D;tJ.’d;qJ;rRvdw>tCdt0JvRJ EkmvDRuDRvR0gtok;zJ0>h bs;H
uDRvR0gok;xH;M.vDRI t0JvRJ EkmvDRtcgb.qX.b.wDRvXw>u
[h.ok;w>rRvdtCdt0Jx.D b.0Jw>rRvdwbsC D MD .vDRI ok;w>rR
vdtRH b.w>[h.tDR (6) vgySRJ ySRJ vDRI xD.w>rRvd0RH w>[h.vDRtDR
rl’gzJ0>h bs;H w>vD>wwDRb.wwDRM.vDRI vXw>zH;w>rRtylR’fto;
pJt.d tod;< tw>’due.w>us;J pX;*hRtCdc.d e>wz.tJ.b.tDR’D;
105
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bsDwcD.w>[h.ph>uD;tDRrl’gvX&h.’D;’0J>w>yXw>vD>wz.M.vDRI
(1949) eH.ySRunDwz.*JRxX.p;xD.< pku0JRw>yX>qXM.t0Jp>h uD;
vJRxD.’k;w>vXthp.h w>’k;M.vDRI t0JrRwh>uDRvR0gok;p;xD.vX
(1946) wkR (1949) eH.M.vDRI
thp.h w>’k;M.rh>vXySRunDzw d z.’k;y,DRweXRtCdb.*kRuhRtcH

M.vDRI w>’k;0HRtvD>cHt0J[u J Rh vDRqlbsH;< ‘0J>wyRM.vDRI rh>vX
w>wb.vdmb.p;tCdt0JuhRqltrd>ty>ttd.’D;rRpXRtrd>
ty>M.vDRI zJ (1952) eH.M.t0J’;d wh’;d zst D o;’D;o;yS>u.vl.tzd
rk.o’geD>&SR’h.M.vDRI uD>&h.bs;H < ‘0J>tylRySRunDzw d z.qJ;usXvdm
to;’D;unDc.d e>vXx;wz.’D;ol.xD.qDvRD w>yX>qXok;’D;uD>ol
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vHRw*Rtod;’Duvkmw>xl.zs;J t*D>t0J[;H M>rl’gvXok;wuyRM.
vDRI tcgzJM.bs;H < ‘0J>wuyRtHRrh>0J’.ok;u (h 6) M.vDRI ok;uhc.d
wcDr>h 0Jo;k cd.uFeD .H xlM.vDRI t0J[.h vDRpDRxlr.rl’gvXok;’hc.d t
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106
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107
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d .D < trd>rh>0Je>D tJvpf .H
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uFMd .vDRI t0Jzsx d .D 0JwwDRb.wwDR’D;zJ (1940) eH.M.t0Jzsx d .D 0J
’.wDRxDuMdF .vDRI 0HRtvD>cHt0Jq;J rRvdu’D;w>ol.w>zs;tcDv.h
cHe.H 0HR< [D.cd.’Db.h w>’k;cHbsw
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vd (3) vgM.vDRI 0HRtvD>cHrh>vXw>ul.b.ul.ohtywD>td.vX
urRvde.D eJ.zsgw>rRvdtCd< t0Jq;J rRvdtgxD.b.u’D;eD.eJ.zsg
w>rRvd (6) vgM.vDRI wkRtzsx d .D w>rRvd0RH w>[h.vDRrl’gvXu
rRw>zJxo H ;k xH;vDRI t0JrRw> (3) vg0HRcd.e>wz.xH.0J’.vXt0J
rRw>*hRtywD>xD.b;< eXRw>rR*hR*hRtCdw>[h.vDRtDRu’D;rl’g
qlr.h ,k;ok;ubDtylR’ftrh>eD.eJ.zsgrl’gcd.w*Rtod;M.vDRI vXrl
’gtylRt0Joh.tubDvJRwkRqluDRvRoluD>oXbsDvGH>bsDph>uD;M.
vDRI
(1947) eH.unDw>yX>qXwcsK;p;xD.tqXuD>cd.pDRb;tluvHF RJ u
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108
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w>vXeD.eJ.zsgw>rRtCdvXunDw>yX>qXtylRph>uD;w>[h.vDRph>
uD;tDRrl’gvXeD.eJ.zsgw>rRM.vDRI w>[h.vDRtDRrl’gw>vD>wcDr>h 0J
0h>oxl.w>yXtylRM.vDRI vXw>qXuwD>w,Hmb.tylRthp.h w>
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ph.w>’k;M.vDRI w>’k;vX0h>thp.h tHRrh>vXw>rReXRwtd.tCdt0J
oh.b.*kRuhRtcHM.vDRI 0HR (1950) eH.ylRM.t0Jb.[JuRh ql0>h o
xl.M.vDRI t0Jt.d zJM.weH.0HRrh>vXy,DRwz.rXySRunDzw d z.vX
uqduwD>pku0JRw>yX>qX’D;[JrRoud;w>’D;tDRvXxHu>D tw>Cl
w>zd;t*D>M.vDRI ySRvXw[JuRh rRoud;w>wz.M.vlRzD.0J’.’D;zX
EkmvDR0J’.qlCmd ylRM.vDRI t0Jo.h rh>vXwtJ.’d;rRoud;w>’D;y,DR
oh.wz.tCdC>h qlupX>cd.< qlz.yl.weDR< Ch>qluwXwH;weDR’D;
ql (óu;d 0kid ;f ) weDRM.vDRI
0h>z.yl.uJx.D 0J’.unDzw d z.tvD>cX.o;tCdc.d e>oh.wz.td.
zS.d to;zJ0>h z.yl.M.vDRI t0J’t
f rh>vD>cX.o;tySRzD.pJ;w*Rtod;
t0Jb.vJRtd.0J’.zJ0>h z.yl.M.vDRI ‘D;w>[h.ph>uD;tDRrl’gvXcd.
e>tw>vJRw>uhRtylRt0Jb.ydm0J’;D [H;M>rl’gvXySRzD.pJ;wuyRM.
vDRI t0Jrh>ySRvXtywD>xD.b;tCdvXw>wX.yD.wX.yDt*D>b.
vJRCkm’D;cd.e>wz.xDbpd >h uD;M.vDRI
t0J[;xD.uhRvDRvJRb.uhRb.w>vD>wwDRb.wwDRM.vDRI zJ
109
vgrhR (1953) eH.tylRt0Jx.H vdmto;’D;o&.rk.’J;zeH.’D;t0Jo.h

to;td.vdmo;’D;uJxD.w>tJ.wDM.vDRI ‘D;vXcHzJvg,l. (5) oD
(1954) eH.M.t0Jo.h zst D o;M.vDRI t0Jo.h zstD o;zJw>vD>uwX
wH;< unDu>D pJ.M.vDRI t0Jzst D o;0HR (7) vgbs.J M.vXt0Juol.
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y>[D.cd.tpHmvD>td.tvD>M.vDRI tw>wdmymwcDr>h 0JubSMD >0Jtrg
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ysMD >tDRw>’D;uG>0JyRS rRM>tDRw>M.’ft0Jto;tw>vd.b.tod;w
xD.b;0Jb.tCdt0JEkmvDRrRw>vXteD>up>vDRI t0JrRw>vXm
*H>vXmbgvDRI w>bH;S to;b.q.t0JusJ;pX;rR0J’t f w>b.to;
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vD>vXuDRvdmusdx0H >cDM.vDRI uoH.o&.rRuG>tDR‘D;oh.ng0J’.
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vX}bH;xH; (±S)f xHo;k rk>tcgt0JvRJ w>uhRw>vXyD.vJ.ylRtcgw>ck.
b.tDRrh>*hR< tdo;H tgtCdr>h *hR< t0J’;G 0Jw>qg tHRuJx.D to;vDRI
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110
pD R ’J e ,X.xd b D .
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w>qgrh>bsgM.urRuhRw>vXw>o;ckupD.w>zH;w>rRtylRvDRI vX
cHb.w>qSXtDRql (T B special ) w>qg[H.vDRI w>qg[H.tHRrh>rH;
±SX.w>qg[H.’D;td.vXrD.vrF.J M.vDRI t0JvRJ ulpgto;vXrD.v
rF.J rH;±SX.w>qg[H.cHe.H 0HR< tw>qgtHRt*H>wJm’D;bsg0J’.*hR*hRM.
vDRI zJ (1956) eH.t0Jp.H vDRvXw>qg[H.’D;uhRtd.’D;trgM.vDRI
tcgzJM.trgwcDvRJ rRw>vXph&,X. (oefvsif) M.vDRI t0JrRo
&.rk.zJ (St. Georges Diocesan High School ) M.vDRI zJvgrhR(4)
oD< 1957 eH.M.t0J’;d M>b.0Jz0d >J udzyd md cGgzdw*RM.vDRI t0JwrR
w>rReDwrHR’fb.td.’.rRpXRrgvX[H.’D;uG>tzdM.vDRI ‘ft0JymvDR
to;vXtw>qgrh>bsgurRw>o;ckupD.w>rRtod;zJvg,l.
(1959) eH.M.t0JvRJ xD.uDRvR0gvHmpDqu HS zdF 0J >h thp.h M.vDRI t0J
uhRtd.oud;t[H.zdCzD v d X (Syriam) wvgwbszD t J 0Jx.D vHmpDqHS
uFdtcgvDRI
zJt0JrRvdw>vXvHmpDqSHuFdtzXrk>vgpJ;yxhbX. (21) oD (1960)
eH.t0J’d;M>u’d;zdcGgcH*Rw*RM.vDRI t0JrRvdvHmpDqSH (4)
eH.0HRt0JzsdxD.0J’.zJ (1963) eH.< vgr>±S;tylRM.vDRI zJ (1964)
eH.M.b.w>CkxXxD.tDRvXuvJRuG>w>td.zS.d vX (Nam Kham
Dr.Gorden Seagrave Hospital ) M.vDRI t0Ju>G w>td.zS.
d < wbsCD D
t0JrRph>uD;w>o;ckupDw>rRzJ,Rd uD>uvHRpD;M.vDRI rh>vXt0Ju>G
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111
td.w>xJ;*H>xJ;bgtCdzJ (1973) eH.M.ympktDR’D;t0Jb.w>wD.

xD.tDRqlo&.ympkM.vDRI
zJ (1974) eH.vgth¹z.h tylRw>td.zS.d z;’d.b.zJ0>h rH;xH.v.M.vDRI
t0JvJRxD.w>td.zSd.z;‘d.tHRM.vDRI w>td.zSd.0HRt0JvJRqlwDtl
M.vDRI vXtw>vJRtHRM.t[XzX0HmwuHxD.0Jowl>uvm’D;qg
xD.0Jw>l 0JwySRJ b.tCdb.pH.vDR0J’.zJ0>h yFrH eg’D;vJRxD.w>qg[H.
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’.vDRI b.q.t*H>tbgwvXtySJR’H;b.I tCdvXt*H>tbgu
xD.uhRt*D>uoH.o&.qJ;M>tDRuoH.*H>bgM.vDRI tqJ;vDRu
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oH0’J .M.vDRI oH0RH r;uoH.o&.rRuG>’D;oh.ngvXttd.’D;qH.qX
w>qgM.vDRI
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b.tCduJxD.±SD;‘D;pl;uGHmto;owl>uvmM.vDRI o&.rk.cH*R
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qltzdtrgtd.rh>*hRtrdttd.rh>*hRvXo&.’d.pl;uGmH to;t*h>vDRI
0HRt0Jo.h bl.oud;bgoud;M>w>0HRcl.vDRtDR*hR*hRb.b.vDRI
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112

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Drum Publication Group

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w>uJx.D to;vXpdRcJtRH M.yrh>tJ.’d;vXyzdyvHRvXcHwpdRoh.ng

tgM>tM. Mrs. Sally Steen tw>rRpXRw>yD;w>vDvXw>xXzSd.

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‘f t w>uG J ; eD . vXweH R b.weH R vH m uG J ; eD . b.w>qS X xD . ql

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