9 Taiwanese Pteridophytes
9 Taiwanese Pteridophytes
9 Taiwanese Pteridophytes
ABSTRACT: During the first author’s visit to Taiwan in 2002 he checked many fern specimens at
several herbaria, i.e. HAST, TAI, TAIF and TNM and found several new taxa, including 6 new
records; Pteris dissitifolia Baker, Dryopteris huangshanensis Ching, Dryopteris latibasis Ching,
Dryopteris redactopinnata S. K. Basu & Panigr., Microsorium carinatum (W. M. Chu & Z. R. He) S.
G. Lu and Polypodiodes chinensis (H. Christ) S. G. Lu and 2 new combinations for Taiwan
(Microsorium carinatum (W. M. Chu & Z. R. He) S. G. Lu, and Polypodiodes raishanensis (Rosenst.)
S. G. Lu). The description and voucher specimens only for the newly recorded species have been
accepted in the present work. Based on the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae vols. 2-6, there are
about 2,600 species of ferns in China. Because different fern arrangement systems are used in Taiwan
and Mainland China, lots of different scientific names are applied to the same taxon. The arrangement
of families in the present work follows Ching’s system (1978) instead of that in the Flora of Taiwan
2nd ed. Including those newly recorded spesies there are 57 families, 184 genera and 677 species/taxa
(including infraspecific taxa) presented in the present work.
INTRODUCTION
Taiwan is an island with an area of ca. 36,000 km² but it does have 677 fern taxa. We
may compare the number of ferns in Taiwan to some other areas which have similar numbers
through larger fern territories. For example: Japan (639 taxa/227,400 km², Nakaike, 1992) and
Thailand (639 taxa/514,000 km², Tagawa & Iwatsuki, 1979, 1985, 1988, 1989), and we could
conclude that Taiwan is one of the richest places for ferns in the world.
According to the Flora of Taiwan vol. I, 2nd ed. (Shieh et al., 1994), there are 37 families,
145 genera and 593 species/taxa (including infraspecific taxa: There are 37 families, 159
genera and 578 species/taxa in Flora of Taiwan vol. I, 1st ed. (DeVol, 1975)). During the first
author’s visit to Taiwan in 2002 he has checked many specimens at several herbaria, e.g. at
the Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica (HAST), the Department of Botany, National
Taiwan University (TAI), the Department of Biology, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute
(TAIF), and the Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural Science (TNM) and
found some new taxa, including new records and new combination for Taiwan. There are two
new combinations, i.e. Microsorium carinatum (W. M. Chu & Z. R. He) S. G. Lu and
Polypodiodes raishanensis (Rosenst.) S. G. Lu, and six newly recorded species; Pteris
___________________________________________________________________________
1. Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, No.2, Cuihubei Road, Kunming 650091, Yunnan,
China.
2. Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural Science, No. 1, Kuan-Chien Road, Taichung 404,
Taiwan.
3. Corresponding author. Email: aleck@mail.nmns.edu.tw
138 TAIWANIA Vol. 50, No. 2
TAXONOMIC TREATMENT
Rhizome short, ascending, scaly; scales linear, dark brown or black. Stipes 40-60 cm long,
reddish-brown to purplish-brown, scaly or sparsely scaly at base; lamina bipinnate,
oblong-subtriangular to ovate, 35-50 cm long, 25-35 cm broad, having 5-8 pairs of pinnae,
with ultimate pinnules on basiscopic side, nearly entire on acroscopic side except base; apical
segments 6-8 cm long, 6-12 mm broad, segments rather remotely placed, minutely denticulate
at margin of sterile portion of ultimate segments, apex of denticulates not cartilaginous. Sori
elongate along margin of lobes except for apical and basal portions.
Distribution: Taiwan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hainan; Northern Vietnam and Laos.
Specimens examined: TAIWAN: Taipei: Peitou, D. Kawamura s. n. 2 Aug. 1937 (TNM); Hsintien,
Hsiaukotou, T. Y. Chiang 22845 (TNM), J. G. Liu s. n. 25 May 1991 (TNM), Tachichiao, J. G. Liu s .n. 26 May
June, 2005 Lu & Yang: The Taiwanese Pteridophytes following Ching’s system 139
1991 (TNM), Yinhetung, M. T. Kao s. n. 22 Apr. 1991 (TNM); Chunghe, Temple Yuentungsi, T. Y. Chiang
21568 (TNM); Wuliaochih, T. Y. Chiang 23700 (TNM); Sanhsia, Loloku, Mt. Peichatienshan, T. Y. A. Yang
1969 (TNM). Taichung: Taken, C. T. Yao s. n. 2 Jun 1976 (TNM); Tunghai University, G. S. Wang 129 (TNM);
Tatu, Mt. Tatushan, J. N. Chen 1 (TNM). Nantou: Sunmoon Lake, H. Y. Sheu & S. R. Wang s .n. 19 May 1991
(TNM); Kuohsing, Mt. Wulaishan, H. Y. Liu 3565 (TNM).
Dryopteris huangshanensis Ching in Bull. Fan Mem. Biol. Inst. Bot. 8: 421. 1938.
黃山鱗毛蕨
Rhizome erect or ascending, scaly; scales pale brown, ovate-lanceolate to narrowly ovate,
entire. Stipes short, 5-8 cm long, stramineous, densely scaly; lamina pinnate, lanceolate to
oblanceolate, 35-45 cm long, 10-15 cm broad, apex acuminate, lower pinnae shorter; more
than 20 pairs pinnae, linear-lanceolate, 5-6 cm long, 1.0-1.2 cm broad, apex acuminate, sessile,
pinnatifid; lobes narrowly oblong, apex round, margin minutely dentate. Scales filiform on
adaxial, short scales on abaxial surfaces. Sori in one submarginal row at each side of midribs
of lobes, indusia entire.
Distribution: Taiwan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian and Hubei.
Specimens examined: TAIWAN: Chiayi: Wufung, Tefuyei, B. J. Wang 14586 (HAST).
Dryopteris latibasis Ching in Bull. Fan Mem. Biol. Inst. Bot. 11: 61. 1941. 闊基鱗毛蕨
Rhizome erect, scaly. Stipes 30-40 cm long, brown, densly scaly at base, scales dack
brown, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate; lamina bipinnatifid, oblanceolate, 45-55 cm long,
25-35 cm broad, apex acuminate, lower pinnae as long as upper ones; 18-20 pairs pinnae,
lanceolate, 8-10 cm long, 2.0-2.5 cm broad, apex acuminate, pinnatifid; lobes narrowly
oblong, apex round, margin sparsely dentate. Sori 4-6 pairs in each lobe, indusia round
reniform.
Distribution: Taiwan and Yunnan.
Specimens examined: TAIWAN: Kaohsiung: Prov. #20 Hyw, Kuaigu, B. J. Wang 16021 (HAST); no locality,
B. J. Wang 14821 (HAST).
Dryopteris redactopinnata S. K. Basu & Panigr. in Ind. Journ. For. 3(3): 270. 1980.
藏布鱗毛蕨
Rhizome thick, short, erect, scaly; scales dark brown, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, apex
caudately, tail-like, margin hairy like, membranous. Stipes short, 10-15 cm long, densely
scaly, smaller and narrower upwardly; laminae bipinnatifid to bipinnatisect, oblanceolate,
30-45 cm long, 8-15 cm wide, apex acuminate, lower lateral pinnae gradually shorter
downward; 20-30 pairs pinnae, linear-lanceolate, 5-8 cm long, 1.0-1.2 cm broad, apex
acuminate, sessile, pinnatifid to pinnatisect; lobes narrowly oblong, apex round, margin dully
dentate, Scales filiform on adaxial, short scales on abaxial surfaces. Sori subcostal on lobes,
indusia entire.
Distribution: Taiwan, Yunnan, Xizang and Sichuan; India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan.
Specimens examined: TAIWAN: Chiayi: Tataka-anbu to Paiyunshanchuang, H. S. Lin & C. K. Lin s. n.
May 1991 (TNM). Kaohsiung: Prov. No. 20 Hyw, Mt. Kuhanohsinshan, B. J. Wang 4883 (HAST), Takuanshan
Tunnel, B. J. Wang 16003 (HAST), Mt. Kuanshanlinshan, B. J. Wang 8202 (HAST); Mt. Kuanshan, B. J. Wang
9475 (HAST). Miaoli: Mt. Chunghsueishan, 230 Trail, B. J. Wang 8893 (HAST); no locality: B. J. Wang 10546
(HAST), 11838 (HAST), 11851 (HAST), 14019 (HAST).
Microsorium carinatum (W. M. Chu & Z. R. He) S. G. Lu, stat. nov. 龍骨星蕨
140 TAIWANIA Vol. 50, No. 2
Microsorium membranaceum (Don) Ching var. carinatum W.M. Chu & Z.R. He in Acta Bot. Yun.
22(3): 257. f. 1-4.
Polypodiodes chinensis (H. Christ) S.G. Lu in Acta Bot. Yun. 21(1): 24. 1999 中華水龍骨
Rhizome 2-3 mm thick, long-creeping, densely scaly, fronds remote; scales black,
ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate, margin sparsely dentate. Stipes 10-20 cm long, stramineous,
glabrous. Laminae ovate-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 15-25 cm long, 7-10 cm wide,
pinnatipartite or pinnatisect at lower portion, apex caudate, base cordate; segments 15-25
pairs, linear-lanceolate, 3-5 cm long, 0.5-0.7 cm wide, apex acuminate, margin serrate, basal
pairs slightly shortened and deflexed; veins reticulate, costa visible, stramineous, veinlets
invisible; texture thin, glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces, scaly beneath. Sori small, round,
borne on the terminal of the included veinlets, close to the costa.
Distribution: Taiwan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei,
Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Zhejiang and Guangdong.
Specimens examined: TAIWAN: Nantou: Jenai, Piluhsi Forestry Station, T .Y. A. Yang 9639 (TNM).
1. Psilotaceae 松葉蕨科
Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv. 松葉蕨
3. Lycopodiaceae 石松科
Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub 扁枝石松= Lycopodium complanatum L. 地刷子
Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides (Spring) Holub 藤石松= Lycopodium casuarinoides Spring
木賊葉石松
Lycopodium annotinum L. 單穗石松 (杉葉蔓石松)
Lycopodium japonicum Thunb. 石松 = Lycopodium clavatum L.
Lycopodium juniperoideum Sw. 玉柏 = Lycopodium obscurum L.
Lycopodium pseudoclavatum Ching 喜馬拉雅石松
Lycopodium veitchii H. Christ 石松 (玉山石松)
Palhinhaea cernua (L.) France & Vasc. 垂穗石松 = Lycopodium cernuum L. 過山龍
4. Selaginellaceae 卷柏科
Selaginella boninensis Baker 小笠原卷柏
Selaginella ciliaris (Retz.) Spring 纖毛卷柏 (緣毛卷柏)
Selaginella delicatula (Desv.) Alston 全緣卷柏
Selaginella doederleinii Hieron. 深綠卷柏 (生根卷柏)
Selaginella heterostachys Baker 異穗卷柏 (姬卷柏)
Selaginella involvens (Sw.) Spring 兗州卷柏 (密葉卷柏)
Selaginella labordei Hieron. ex H. Christ 細葉卷柏 (玉山卷柏)
Selaginella leptophylla Baker 膜葉卷柏 = Selaginella satakeana Koidz. 狹葉卷柏
Selaginella mollendorffii Hieron. 江南卷柏 (異葉卷柏)
142 TAIWANIA Vol. 50, No. 2
5. Isoetaceae 水韭科
Isoetes taiwanensis DeVol 臺灣水韭
6. Equisetaceae 木賊科
Hippochaete debilis (Roxb. ex Vauch.) Ching 筆管草 = Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. ssp.
debile (Roxb.) Hauke 臺灣木賊
Hippochaete ramosissima (Desf.) Boern 節節草= Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. ssp.
ramosissimum 木賊
深山雙蓋蕨
Allantodia okudairai (Makino) Ching 假耳羽短腸蕨 = Diplazium okudairae Makino 假耳
羽雙蓋蕨 (Kuo, 1997)
Allantodia petri (Tard.-Blot) Ching 假鐮羽短腸蕨 = Diplazium petri Tard.-Blot 廣葉深山
雙蓋蕨
Allantodia squamigera (Mett.) Ching 鱗 柄 短 腸 蕨 = Diplazium squamigerum (Mett.)
Matsum. 長苞雙蓋蕨
Allantodia virescens (Kunze) Ching 淡綠短腸蕨 = Diplazium virescens Kunze 刺柄雙蓋蕨
Allantodia viridissima (H. Christ) Ching 深綠短腸蕨 = Diplazium pseudodoederleinii
Hayata 擬德氏雙蓋蕨
Allantodia wichurae (Mett.) Ching 耳羽短腸蕨 = Diplazium wichurae (Mett.) Diels 鋸齒
雙蓋蕨
Athyriopsis japonicum (Thunb.) Ching 假蹄蓋蕨 = Athyrium japonicum (Thunb.) Copel. 東
洋蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium anisopterum H. Christ 宿蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium arisanense (Hayata) Tagawa 阿里山蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium cryptogrammoides Hayata 合歡山蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium drepanopterum (Kunze) A. Br. ex Milde 細裂蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium epirachis (H. Christ) Ching 軸果蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium erythropodum Hayata 紅柄蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium foliolosum T. Moore ex R. Sim 大蓋蹄蓋蕨 (薄葉蹄蓋蕨) (Kuo, 1985)
Athyrium iseanum Rosenst. 細柄蹄蓋蕨 (細葉蹄蓋蕨)
Athyrium leiopodum (Hayata) Tagawa 小葉蹄蓋蕨 (Kuo, 1997)
Athyrium nakanoi Makino 紅苞蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium nigripes (Blume) T. Moore 黑足蹄蓋蕨 = Athyrium tozanense (Hayata) Hayata 蓬
萊蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium nipponicum (Mett.) Hance 華東蹄蓋蕨 (日本蹄蓋蕨)
Athyrium oppositipinnum Hayata 對生蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium x pseudocryptogrammoides Yoshik. 擬合歡蹄蓋蕨 (Kuo, 1997)
Athyrium x purpurascens (Tagawa) Sa. Kurata 紫柄蹄蓋蕨 (Kuo, 1997)
Athyrium reflexipinnum Hayata 逆葉蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium silvicolum Tagawa 林下蹄蓋蕨 (高山蹄蓋蕨) = Athyrium auriculatum Seriz 耳
垂蹄蓋蕨 (Kuo, 1997)
Athyrium strigillosum (T. Moore ex Lowe) Salomon 針狀軟刺蹄蓋蕨 (生芽蹄蓋蕨)
Athyrium subrigescens (Hayata) Hayata ex H. Ito 姬蹄蓋蕨
Athyrium vidalii (Franch. & Sav.) Nakai 尖頭蹄蓋蕨 (山蹄蓋蕨)
Callipteris esculenta (Retz.) J. Sm. ex T. Moore & Houlst. 菜蕨 = Diplazium esculentum
(Retz.) Sw. 過溝菜蕨
Cornopteris decurrentialatum (Hook.) Nakai 角蕨 (貞蕨)
Cornopteris banahaoensis (C. Chr.) K. Iwats. & Price 溪生角蕨 = Cornopteris fluvialis
(Hayata) Tagawa (大葉貞蕨)
June, 2005 Lu & Yang: The Taiwanese Pteridophytes following Ching’s system 151
Ctenitopsis devexa (Kunze) Ching & C.H. Wang 毛葉軸脈蕨 = Tectaria devexa (Kunze)
Copel. 薄葉三叉蕨
Ctenitopsis dissecta (G. Forst.) Ching 薄葉軸脈蕨 (薄葉擬肋毛蕨)
Ctenitopsis fuscipes (Wall. ex Bedd.) C. Chr. ex Tard.-Blot & C. Chr. 黑鱗軸脈蕨 (屏東擬
肋毛蕨)
Ctenitopsis kusukuensis (Hayata) C. Chr. ex Tard.-Blot & C. Chr. 臺灣軸脈蕨 (高士佛擬肋
毛蕨)
Dryopsis apiciflora (Wall. ex Mett.) Holttum & Edwards 頂果軸鱗蕨 = Ctenitis apiciflora
(Wall. ex Mett.) Ching 頂囊肋毛蕨
Dryopsis x fauriei Holttum & P.J. Edwards 傅氏擬鱗毛蕨 (Kuo, 1997)
Hemigramma decurrens (Hook.) Copel. 沙皮蕨
Lastreopsis tenera (R. Br.) Tindale 臺灣節毛蕨 (金毛蕨)
Pleocnemia rufinervis (Hayata) Nakai (Kuo, 1985) 臺 灣 黃 腺 羽 蕨 = Pleocnemia
cumingiana C. Presl 黃腺羽蕨
Pleocnemia submembranacea (Hayata) Tagawa & K. Iwats. 黃腺羽蕨(Kuo, 1985)
Pteridrys cnemidaria (H. Christ) C. Chr. & Ching 薄葉牙蕨 (長柄牙蕨)
Quercifilix zeylanica (Houtt.) Copel. 地耳蕨
Tectaria coadunata (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) C. Chr. 大齒三叉蕨 (陰地三叉蕨)
Tectaria decurrens (C. Presl) Copel. 下延三叉蕨 (翅柄三叉蕨)
Tectaria griffithii (Bak.) C. Chr. 克氏三叉蕨 (鱗柄叉蕨) (Kuo, 1985)
Tectaria fauriei Tagawa 芽胞三叉蕨 (陰地三叉蕨)
Tectaria phaeocaulis (Rosenst.) C. Chr. 條裂三叉蕨 (蛇脈三叉蕨)
Tectaria polymorpha (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel. 多形三叉蕨 (南投三叉蕨)
Tectaria simonsii (Baker) Ching 燕尾三叉蕨 = Tectaria kwarenkoensis (Hayata) C. Chr. 花
蓮三叉蕨 = Tectaria linloensis Ching & C.H. Wang 毛三叉蕨 (Kuo, 1985)
Tectaria subfuscipes (Tagawa) C.M. Kuo 排灣三叉蕨 (Kuo, 1997)
Tectaria subtriphylla (Hook. and Arn.) Copel. var. subtriphylla 三叉蕨
Tectaria subtriphylla (Hook. & Arn.) Copel. var. ebenosa (Nakai) Nemoto 紫柄三叉蕨
Tectaria variolosa (Wall. ex Hook.) C. Chr. 變葉三叉蕨
Tectaria yunnanensis (Baker) Ching 雲南三叉蕨
55. Marsileaceae 蘋科
Marsilea crenata C. Presl 南國田字蘋 (南國田字草)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This project is supported by the Taiwan Chinese Development Fund, the National
Foundation of Natural Science (no. 30370116), the “973” Project (no. 2003CB415103) and
the National Museum of Natural Science. We would like to thank the curators of all the
herbaria that provided materials on loan, as follows: HAST, TAI, TAIF, TNM. Thanks also
have to be sent to Dr. R. Haywood who corrected the manuscript for us; Mr. F. W. Li who
checked the spelling of each taxa on checklist and made a list of those new taxa found only in
Flora of Taiwan vol. VI, 2nd ed. for us. Finally, the first author would like to extend his
thanks to the National Museum of Natural Science for inviting him to visit Taiwan in 2002 so
that he had a chance to visit this island with such rich natural resources.
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June, 2005 Lu & Yang: The Taiwanese Pteridophytes following Ching’s system 165
按秦仁昌系統排列的臺灣蕨類植物
(1) (2,3)
陸樹剛 、楊宗愈
(收稿日期:2005 年 1 月 21 日;接受日期:2005 年 3 月 28 日)
摘 要
關鍵詞:蕨類植物、台灣、秦仁昌、植物名錄。
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1. 雲南大學生態與地植物學研究所,昆明市翠湖北路 2 號,650091,雲南,中華人民共和國。
2. 國立自然科學博物館植物學組,台中市 404 館前路 1 號,臺灣。
3. 通信作者。Email: aleck@mail.nmns.edu.tw