JAVA - TM - String Operations
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MITMCAJAVA - TM - String Operations
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MITMCAString Operations in Java
Introduction
String manipulation is the most common operation performed in Java programs. The easiest way to represent a String (a sequence of characters) is by using an array of characters.
Although character arrays have the advantage of being able to query their length, they themselves are too primitive and dont support a range of common string operations. For example, copying a string, searching for specific pattern etc. Recognising the importance and common usage of String manipulation in large software projects, Java supports String as one of the fundamental data type at the language level. Strings related book keeping operations (e.g., end of string) are handled automatically.
Example: char place[] = new char[4]; place[0] = J; place[1] = a; place[2] = v; place[3] = a;
String Operations in Java
Following are some useful classes that Java provides for String operations.
String Class StringBuffer Class
String Class
String class provides many operations for manipulating strings.
Constructors Utility Comparisons Conversions
String objects are read-only (immutable)
Strings Basics
Declaration and Creation:
String stringName; stringName = new String (string value); Example:
String city; city = new String (Bangalore);
Length of string can be accessed by invoking length() method defined in String class:
int len = city.length();
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String operations and Arrays
Java Strings can be concatenated using the + operator.
Strings Arrays
String city = New + York; String city1 = Delhi; String city2 = New +city1;
String city[] = new String[5]; city[0] = new String(Melbourne); city[1] = new String(Sydney); String megacities[] = {Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth};
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String class - Constructors
String() String(String value) Constructs an empty String. Constructs a new string copying the specified string.
String(char c[])
String(char c[], int SI, int numchars) String(byte b[])
Constructs a new string using specified char array
Constructs a new string using specified range of char array Constructs a new string using specified byte array
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String Some useful operations
public int length() public charAt(int index) public int compareTo( String anotherString) public int compareToIgnoreCase( String anotherString) reigonMatch(int start, String other, int ostart, int count) Returns the length of the string. Returns the character at the specified location (index) Compare the Strings.
Compares a region of the Strings with the specified start.
String Some useful operations
public String replace(char oldChar, char newChar) public trim() public String toLowerCase() public String toUpperCase() Returns a new string with all instances of the oldChar replaced with newChar. Trims leading and trailing white spaces. Changes as specified.
String Class - example
// StringDemo.java: some operations on strings class StringDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { String s = new String("Have a nice Day"); // String Length = 15 System.out.println("String Length = " + s.length() ); // Modified String = Have a Nice Day System.out.println("Modified String = " + s.replace('n', 'N')); // Converted to Uppercse = HAVE A NICE DAY" System.out.println("Converted to Uppercase = " + s.toUpperCase()); // Converted to Lowercase = have a nice day" System.out.println("Converted to Lowercase = " + s.toLowerCase()); } }
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StringDemo Output
java StringDemo
String Length = 15 Modified String = Have a Nice Day Converted to Uppercase = HAVE A NICE DAY Converted to Lowercase = have a nice day
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