Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                

Pelajaran 1: Dasar-Dasar Engine Diesel

Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 73

Pelajaran 1

Dasar-dasar Engine Diesel

Definisi Engine

Istilah-istilah pada Engine


Top Dead Center Bottom Dead Center

Istilah-istilah pada Engine


Bore

Istilah-istilah pada Engine


Stroke

Istilah-istilah pada Engine


Displacement

Istilah-istilah pada Engine


Compression Ratio

Istilah-istilah pada Engine


Friction Inertia Force Pressure Temperature

Komponen Ruang Bakar


Cylinder Liner Piston Intake Valve Exhaust Valve Cylinder Head

Prinsip Kerja Diesel Engine Empat Langkah

Prinsip Kerja Diesel Engine Empat Langkah


Langkah Pemasukan Udara

Prinsip Kerja Diesel Engine Empat Langkah


Langkah Kompresi

Prinsip Kerja Diesel Engine Empat Langkah


Langkah Usaha

Prinsip Kerja Diesel Engine Empat Langkah


Langkah Exhaust

Siklus Diesel Engine Empat Langkah

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pembakaran


Panas Udara Bahan Bakar

Hubungan antara Hp, Torque dan Rpm


Rumus Horse Power

Torque Rpm Hp 5252

Pelajaran 2

Spesifikasi & Rating Engine

Spesifikasi Engine C-12 & 3196


In-line 6 cylinder Bore X Stroke 5.1 inch X 5.9 inch (130mm X 150mm) Displacement total 12 liter Compression ration 16:1 Putaran engine Counterclockwise Firing order 1-5-3-6-2-4

Pengelompokan Engine Berdasarkan Rating


Rating adalah pengelompokan engine Caterpillar sejenis berdasarkan kepada kemampuan menghasilkan tenaga kotor (gross output) yang dilengkapi dengan accsesories standard

Rating pada Aplikasi Marine Engine


Unrestricted Continuous A Heavy Duty B Maximum Continuous C Intermittent Duty D High Performance E

Engine Serial Number & Engine Information Data


Serial Number Plate

Pelajaran 3

System Pendinginan 3196 & C12

Komponen Cooling System


Engine Jacket Water Pump

Jacket Water Pump

Komponen Cooling System


Engine Temperature Regulator

Temperature Regulator Housing

Komponen Cooling System


Expansion Tank

Expansion Tank

Komponen Cooling System


Jacket Water Heat Exchanger

Jacket Water Heat Exchanger

Komponen Cooling System


Engine Oil Cooler

Engine Oil Cooler

Raw Water System


Raw Water System

Raw Water System


Jalur Outlet Sea Water

Cooling System Tipe Heat Exchanger

Cooling System Tipe Heat Exchanger


Heat Exchanger

Cooling System Tipe Heat Exchanger


Zinc Rod

Cooling System Maintenance


Tekanan 0 Psi Tekanan 6 Psi

Titik didih 188F

Titik didih 210F

Cooling System Maintenance


Konsentrasi Antifreeze & Titik Didih Air
Titik didih cairan pendingin pada konsentrasi antifreeze yang berbeda

% Konsentrasi

Titik didih campuran air dan ethylene glycol

20 30 40 50 60

103C (217F) 104C (219F) 106C (222F) 108C (226F) 111C (231F)

Cooling System Maintenance


Karakteristik Air Cooling System
Karakteristik minimal air yang diperbolehkan pada cooling system Kandungan Nilai maksimal ASTM metode test

Chloride(Cl),gr/gal(ppm) Sulfate(SO4), gr/gal(ppm) Total Harness, gr/gal(ppm) Total Solids, gr/gal(ppm) pH

2,4(40)max 5.9(100)max 10(170)max 20(340)max 5.5-9.0

D512b,D512d,D4327 D512b,D512d,D4327 D1126b D1888a D1293

Additive
Supplement Coolant Additive (SCA)

Additive
Supplement Coolant Additive Element

Additive
Diesel Engine Antifreeze Coolant (DEAC)

Additive
Extended Life Coolant (ELC)

Additive
ELC extender

Additive
TABEL PENAMBAHAN CAT EXTENDER

Permasalahan pada Cooling System


Engine Overheating Engine Overcooling

Pengukuran Konsentrasi Cairan Pendingin


Coolant Conditioner Test Kit Pengukuran konsentrasi antifreeze Pengukuran konsentrasi coolant conditioner Coolant & Battery Tester Pengukuran konsentrasi antifreeze

Pemeriksaan pada Cooling System


Pemeriksaan Kondisi Radiator Cap Pemeriksaan Kondisi Water Temperature Regulator

Pelajaran 4

System Pelumasan 3196 & C12

Komponen dan Prinsip Kerja Komponen Pelumasan


System Pelumasan

Komponen dan Prinsip Kerja Komponen Pelumasan


Saluran Pelumasan Pada Engine

Komponen dan Prinsip Kerja Komponen Pelumasan


Lubrikasi Front Gear Train

Komponen dan Prinsip Kerja Komponen Pelumasan


Piston Cooling Jet (Jet Spray)

Komponen dan Prinsip Kerja Komponen Pelumasan


Oil Cooler dan Oil Filter
Engine Lube Oil Cooler

Engine Lube Oil Filter

Pelumas
Fungsi Pelumas Melumasi Menyerap panas Membersihkan permukaan komponen engine Penyekat (seal) Pencegah karat Peredam kejutan Melarutkan kotoran Pencegah timbulnya busa (foam) Pencegah oksidasi

Pelumas
Based stock oil Mineral base stock Full synthetic base stock Semi synthetic base stock

Pelumas
Additive Oxidation inhibitor Film strength agent Extreme pressure/anti wear agent Rust/corrotion inhibitor Adhesive agent Defoamant Viscosity index improver Disperssant/detergent Emulsifier Pour point disperssant

Pelumas
Total base number (TBN)

Pelumas
Faktor Penyebab Pembentuk Asam Kandungan sulfur di dalam fuel Engine temperature Combustion air humidity Fuel consumption Penambahan oil bersih

Pelumas
Viscosity

Pelumas
Faktor Penyebab Perubahan Viscosity Temperature Pressure Shear rate

Pelumas
Multigrade Oil
Multigrades Oil
Adequate Circulation & Starting 2W 0 1W 5 1W 0 5 W 5 0

SAE 15W/30

When cold this oil may be too thick to provide easy starting and rapid circulation. Adequate Lubrication

SAE 30

Increasing Viscosity

SAE 15W
When hot this oil may be too thin to provide adequate lubrication.

4 0 3 0 2 0

-15C
Winter

Increasing Temperature

100C
Summer
8

Pelumas
Oil yang Direkomendasikan

Pelajaran 5

Air Intake & Exhaust System

Komponen Air Intake & Exhaust System


Aftercooler

Turbocharger

Air Cleaner

Komponen Air Intake & Exhaust System


Turbocharger

Exhaust Outlet

Exhaust Manifold

Komponen Air Intake & Exhaust System

Air Cleaner/Fumes Re-circulation System

Pengukuran Air Intake & Exhaust System

Pelajaran 6

Fuel System

Fuel System
Electronic Unit Injector ( EUI )

Fuel System
Diagram EUI Fuel System

Fuel System
Komponen Utama Injector system EUI

Fuel System
Cartridge Assembly

Fuel System
Nozzle Assembly

Fuel System
Tahapan Penginjeksian

Electronic Sensor dan Pengontrol System

You might also like