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    Analysis of Steel Moment Connections

    Uploaded by

    parkl
    This document discusses various types of moment and shear connections for beams and plates. It explains that moment is transferred through connecting flanges or plates, while shear is transferred through connecting webs. The key connection types are welded connections using fillet or full penetration welds, and bolted connections using end plates or shear plates. Stress calculations are presented to design the welds or bolts by breaking forces down into components and ensuring connection elements can withstand the maximum calculated stresses.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Analysis of Steel Moment Connections

    Uploaded by

    parkl
    249 views30 pages
    This document discusses various types of moment and shear connections for beams and plates. It explains that moment is transferred through connecting flanges or plates, while shear is transferred through connecting webs. The key connection types are welded connections using fillet or full penetration welds, and bolted connections using end plates or shear plates. Stress calculations are presented to design the welds or bolts by breaking forces down into components and ensuring connection elements can withstand the maximum calculated stresses.

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    This document discusses various types of moment and shear connections for beams and plates. It explains that moment is transferred through connecting flanges or plates, while shear is transferred through connecting webs. The key connection types are welded connections using fillet or full penetration welds, and bolted connections using end plates or shear plates. Stress calculations are presented to design the welds or bolts by breaking forces down into components and ensuring connection elements can withstand the maximum calculated stresses.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    249 views30 pages

    Analysis of Steel Moment Connections

    Uploaded by

    parkl
    This document discusses various types of moment and shear connections for beams and plates. It explains that moment is transferred through connecting flanges or plates, while shear is transferred through connecting webs. The key connection types are welded connections using fillet or full penetration welds, and bolted connections using end plates or shear plates. Stress calculations are presented to design the welds or bolts by breaking forces down into components and ensuring connection elements can withstand the maximum calculated stresses.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Analysis of moment connections

    Basic principles of connection design


    Provide as direct a load path as possible Avoid complex stress conditions Weld in the shop, bolt on site

    Welded connections

    Moment connection of an I-Beam

    Bending moment is carried mainly by the flanges Therefore connect flanges for moment transfer

    Moment connection of an I-Beam

    Welded connection C=T Fillet welds Full penetration welds Compression transfer d can also be accomplished through direct bearing

    Resultant tension force T = M/d

    Shear connection of an I-Beam


    Shear is carried mainly by the web Therefore connect the web for shear transfer

    Shear connection of an I-Beam


    Fillet welds in shear are commonly used Connect entire web and adjust weld size to suit shear load

    Moment connection of a plate


    Stress in weld = M (d/2) / I = M (d/2) / (ad3/12) [kN/m2] q =a = M (d/2) / (d3/12) = M (d/2) / I [kN/m] Where I = I/a Then choose a weld size a that will carry q
    q = .a where a = weld size

    M
    d

    Moment connection of a plate


    Can also use simplified approach: Break moment into a force couple Choose a suitable weld size Then calculate the required length of the weld to carry the tension force T
    C=T

    M
    d

    Resultant tension force T = M/d

    q = T/l where l = weld length

    Welded shear plate


    V V
    Centroid of weld group

    M = V.e

    Simplified approach
    Break eccentric load up into a vertical force along the vertical weld and a pair (couple) of horizontal forces along the horizontal welds Then choose lengths of welds to carry the calculated forces
    V.e/d V V
    d

    V.e/d
    e

    Stress calculations

    +
    M = V.e M = V.e

    Stress calculations for vertical force V


    qV Divide shear equally amongst all the weld lines q = V / (total length of weld) Choose a weld size that can carry the stress q Note q is actually a force per length [kN/m]

    Stress calculations for Moment M = V.e


    xB xA

    A qAx qAy qAM


    yA

    Treat the weld group as a crosssection subjected to a torsional moment Ip2 = Ix2 + Iy2 where I = I/a qAx = M yA / Ip qAy = M xA / Ip
    yB

    M = V.e qBM qBx qBy B

    qAM = (qAx2 + qAy2)0.5 Similarly for point B Then select weld size for max. q

    Stress calculations for combined V and M


    A qAy V qAV qA M = V.e qAx Combine the weld stress components from the vertical force and the torsional moment

    qA = [qAx2 + (qAV + qAy)2]0.5


    Similarly for point B or any other point that might be critical Then select weld size for the maximum value of q

    Example of a complex connection

    Column tree for Times Square 4, NYC

    Bolted connections

    Moment splice in a column

    Moment splice of an I-Beam


    Bolted connection C=T Divide tension and compression resultant equally between bolts
    d

    Resultant tension force T = M/d

    Shear connection in bridge diaphragm girder


    (Alex Fraser Bridge)

    Shear connection of an I-Beam


    Bolted connections to transfer shear are commonly used Connect entire web to avoid stress concentrations and shear lag

    End plate Coped flanges to fit in between column flanges

    Shear connection via end plate

    Moment connection with and end or base plate

    Moment connection with fully welded end plate


    Tmax

    Ti = Tmax (hi / hmax) M = Ti hi


    hi

    Ti
    hmax

    C = Ti

    Pre-tensioned moment connection

    Pre-tensioned Moment Connection


    Ti Apply both tension and compression forces to pretensioned bolts. Compression force can be seen as a release of the tension force.

    +
    TM

    Bolted shear plate


    e

    P P

    Centroid of bolt group

    M = Pe

    Vertical load
    VP

    Divide the force by n, the number of bolts VP = P / n

    VP

    Moment
    xi bolt i

    FxM
    ri

    Treat the bolt group as a cross-section subjected to a torsional moment


    yi

    FyM

    FMi

    Ip = i A ri2 = i A (xi2 + yi2) and with IP = IP/A FxM = M yi / Ip FyM = M xi / Ip FMi = (FxM2 + FyM2)0.5 Then select a bolt size for the maximum force FM

    bolt area A

    Combined vertical force and moment


    FxM FyM Fmax

    P M = Pe

    VP Fmax = [FxM2 + (FyM + VP)2]0.5 Then select a bolt size for the maximum force Fmax

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