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Morphology and Syntax

The document summarizes the key differences between morphology (or accidence) and syntax in Arabic. Morphology deals with the internal structure of words and includes their singular and plural forms, case endings, and parts of speech. Syntax examines how words are combined into phrases, clauses and sentences by looking at elements like verbs and subjects, objects, and prepositions. Both are important areas of Arabic grammar that examine the form and structure of the language from the level of individual words up to complete sentences.

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silverpen
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2K views

Morphology and Syntax

The document summarizes the key differences between morphology (or accidence) and syntax in Arabic. Morphology deals with the internal structure of words and includes their singular and plural forms, case endings, and parts of speech. Syntax examines how words are combined into phrases, clauses and sentences by looking at elements like verbs and subjects, objects, and prepositions. Both are important areas of Arabic grammar that examine the form and structure of the language from the level of individual words up to complete sentences.

Uploaded by

silverpen
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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‫ﻑ‬

 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼ‬‫ﻮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺤ‬


 ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‬
The Syntax and the Morphology or Accidence
Morphology or Accidence = ‫ﻑ‬
 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼ‬ Syntax = ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺤ‬
 ‫ﺍﻟﻨ‬
It deals with the study of words outside the It deals with the construction of the
sentence sentence (i.e., sentence structure).

Dictionary meaning: Dictionary meaning:

Morphology is a study and description of Syntax is the way in which words are put
the word formation in a language. together to form phrases, clauses or
sentences.
Accidence is a part of grammar that deals
with inflections.

Inflection is the change of form that words


undergo to mark case, gender, number,
tense, person, mood or voice.

In Arabic it deals with different forms of In Arabic it deals with:


words such as:
a) Singulars / Plurals
a) ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺨ‬
 ‫ﺍﹾﻟ‬‫ﺪﹸﺃ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ‬
b) ‫ﻋ ﹺﻞ‬ ‫ﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
b) ‫ﻪ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻑ ﺇﹶﻟ‬
 ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻀ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
 ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻀ‬
c) ‫ﻮ ﹺﻝ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻤ ﹾﻔ‬ ‫ﻢ ﺍﹾﻟ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
c) ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
 ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ﺟ‬
d) ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺼ‬
 ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﹾﻟ‬
d) ‫ﺕ‬
 ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻧ‬
e) ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﻌ ﹲﻞ ﻣﺎ ﹴ‬ ‫ﻓ‬
e) ‫ ﹸﺔ‬‫ﻤﻴ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻤ ﹶﻠ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
 ‫ﺍﹾﻟ‬
f) ‫ﻉ‬
 ‫ﺎ ﹺﺭ‬‫ﻣﻀ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹲﻞ‬ ‫ﻓ‬
f) ‫ ﹲﺔ‬‫ﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫ﻤ ﹶﻠ ﹸﺔ ﺍﹾﻟ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
 ‫ﺍﹾﻟ‬
g) ‫ﻣ ﹴﺮ‬ ‫ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﹶﺃ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ etc. etc.
etc. etc

Morphology and Syntax.doc Page 34

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