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PC Graph Quads

The document discusses graphing quadratic functions. It explains that a quadratic function can be in the form y = ax2 + bx + c, and its graph is a parabola. The vertex of the parabola is the highest or lowest point. Quadratic functions can also be written in vertex form or intercept form, and the characteristics of the graph depend on the coefficients in these forms.

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Hector R.
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
101 views

PC Graph Quads

The document discusses graphing quadratic functions. It explains that a quadratic function can be in the form y = ax2 + bx + c, and its graph is a parabola. The vertex of the parabola is the highest or lowest point. Quadratic functions can also be written in vertex form or intercept form, and the characteristics of the graph depend on the coefficients in these forms.

Uploaded by

Hector R.
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Grap h

a
Qu ad ra tic

MATH PR OJECT
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

A quadratic function has the form


y = ax 2 + bx + c where a ≠ 0.
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

The graph is “U-shaped” and is called


a parabola.
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

The highest or lowest point on the


parabola is called the ver tex.
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

In general, the axis of symmetry for


the parabola is the vertical line
through the vertex.
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

2
These are the graphs of y = x
2
and y = − x .
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

The origin is the lowest point on the


2
graph of y = x , and the highest point
2
on the graph of y = − x .

The origin is the vertex for both


graphs.
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

The y-axis is the axis of symmetry


for both graphs.
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

CONCEPT THE GRAPH OF A QUADRATIC FUNCTION
SUMMARY

The graph of y = a x 2 + b x + c  is a parabola with these 


   

characteristics:

• The parabola opens up if a > 0 and opens down if a < 0.
  The parabola is wider than the graph of y = x 2 if   a   < 1 and
  narrower than the graph y = x 2 if   a   > 1.

b
• The x­coordinate of the vertex is  –      .
2a

b
• The axis of symmetry is the vertical line x = –      .
2a
Graphing a Quadratic Function

Graph y = 2 x – 8 x + 6
2

SOLUTION

Note that the coefficients for this function


are a = 2, b = – 8, and c = 6.
Since a > 0, the parabola opens up. 
Graphing a Quadratic Function

Graph y = 2 x – 8 x + 6
2

Find and plot the vertex. 

The x-coordinate is: x = – b = –– 8 = 2


2a 2(2)

The y-coordinate is: y = 2(2)2 – 8 (2) + 6 = – 2 (2, – 2)

So, the vertex is (2, – 2).


Graphing a Quadratic Function

Graph y = 2 x – 8 x + 6
2

Draw the axis of symmetry x = 2.


(0, 6) (4, 6)
Plot two points on one side of the
axis of symmetry, such as (1, 0)
and (0, 6).

Use symmetry to plot two more


points, such as (3, 0) and (4, 6). (3, 0)
(1, 0)
(2, – 2)
Draw a parabola through the plotted
points. 
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

VERTEX  AND  INTERCEPT  FORMS  OF  A  QUADRATIC  FUNCTION

FORM OF QUADRATIC FUNCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAPH

Vertex form: y = a (x – h)2 + k  The vertex is (h, k ).

The axis of symmetry is x = h.

Intercept form: y = a (x – p )(x – q ) The x ­intercepts are p and q.


 

The axis of symmetry is half­
way between ( p , 0 ) and (q , 0 ). 
   

For both forms, the graph opens up if a > 0 and opens down if a < 0.
Graphing a Quadratic Function

1
Graph  y = – (x + 3)2 + 4
2

SOLUTION
(– 3, 4)
The function is in vertex form
y = a (x – h)2 + k.

a = – 1 , h = – 3, and k = 4
2

a < 0, the parabola opens down.

To graph the function, first plot the vertex (h, k) = (– 3, 4).


Graphing a Quadratic Function in Vertex Form 
Graphing a Quadratic Function

1
Graph  y = – (x + 3)2 + 4
2

Draw the axis of symmetry (– 3, 4)


x = – 3. (–1, 2)
(– 5, 2)

Plot two points on one side of


it, such as (–1, 2) and (1, – 4).

Use symmetry to complete


the graph. (– 7, – 4) (1, – 4)
Graphing a Quadratic Function in Intercept Form 

Graph y = – ( x +2)(x – 4)

SOLUTION

The quadratic function is in intercept


form y = a (x – p)(x – q), where
a = –1, p = – 2, and q = 4.
Graphing a Quadratic Function in Intercept Form 

Graph y = – ( x +2)(x – 4)

The x-intercepts occur at


(– 2,
2, 0)
0) and (4,
(4, 0).

The axis of symmetry lies half-way


between these points, at x = 1.
(– 2, 0) (4, 0)
Graphing a Quadratic Function in Intercept Form 

Graph y = – ( x +2)(x – 4)

(1, 9)

So, the x-coordinate of the vertex is


x = 1 and the y-coordinate of the
vertex is:

y = – (1 + 2) (1 – 4) = 9
(– 2, 0) (4, 0)
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

You can change quadratic functions from intercept form


or vertex form to standard form by multiplying algebraic
expressions.

One method for multiplying expressions containing


two terms is FOIL. Using this method, you add the
products of the First terms, the O uter terms, the Inner
terms, and the Last terms.
GRAPHING A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

( x + 3 )( x + 5 ) = x 2 + 5x + 3x + 15 = x 2 + 8 x + 15

F O I L

Outer
Inner
First
Last

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