FOUNDATION BUILDER (OBJECTIVE)

1.
6 4 3
3 2 1
Li ? He H + +
By law of conservation of mass and change the missing particle in neutron
( )
0 1
0
n
2.
M
e
ratio lies in the sequence l p n < < o <
Particle Change Mass
+2 +4
n 0 +1
p +1 +1
e 1
1
1837
=

( )
e
m
order n P e << <

3. Atomic Number =No. of protons in atom
By equation of change
1 56 1 x 2 + =
x =54

4. Same number of neutrons hence, Isotones.

5. Cathode Ray are made of electrons hence, same change/mass ratio as of | particle.

6. From Mulikens oil drop experiment, it was found that change on oil droplets is qualified.
Hence,
q =ne . where
19
e 1.6 10

= , n =1, 2, 3
(B)

7.
1
1
f f Hg
2
T
= =

8.
height wavelength
lowest freq
VIBGYOR
Energy freq.
(D) red

9. (c)

10. Wave number
1
u =

9
1
500 10

1000
2
10
500

(c)


11.

=
hc
E ,
1 2
2 1
E
2
E

= =

12. Frequency =
3
8
10 5090
10 3
wavelength
velocity

=
13. nh E =

h
E
n =
=
3 34
3
10 880 10 626 . 6
10



30
1.72 10 =
14.
( )
photon
0
12400 12400
E 1.393eV
8900 inA
= = =

19 14
1.393 1.6 10 x 3.15 10

=


5
3.15
x 10
1.393 1.6
=

5
x 1.41 10 =

( ) c


15.
out emitted absorbed
E
100
50
E =

emitted
2 1
absorbed
hc
n
100
50
n
hc

4500
5000
100
50
100
50
n
n
absorbed
emitted
1
2
=

=

5
0.55
9
= =

16. As PE =- 2 KE
PE will change from - 2x to
2x
4

= x
2
3
x 2
2
x
+ = +

17.
2
PE
T
E
= , so first excited state

18. 6 . 13
16
16 6 . 13
n
Z 6 . 13
TE
2
2
=

=

= and
2
PE
TE =

PE =- 27.2 eV

19. 511 . 1
9
1 6 . 13
n
Z 6 . 13
TE
2
2
=

=

=

PE
TE PE 3.02eV
2
= =

TE =KE KE 1.51eV =

20.
2
0
0.529n
r A
Z
=

0
3rd
0.529 9
r 2.3805A
2

= =

232 . 4
2
16 529 . 0
r
th 4
=

=
21.
Z
n 529 . 0
r
2
x
= , n =4

Z
n 529 . 0
r
2
H
= , n =1, z =1

0.529 16
0.529 Z 16
Z

< >
R
x
<r
H


22.
6
7
v 2.18 10
n
=

7
v
n

1 2
2 1
v n 5
v n 3
= =
(B)

23.
0
2
a 4
r R
Z

= =

0
3
a 9
r R
Z

= =

4
R 9
r
3
=


24. Ground state of hydrogen atom = 529 . 0

2 2
0.529 n 0.529 (n)
r 0.529
z 4

= = =

n 2 =

25.
n
Z 10 18 . 2
V
6

= , z v o ,
n
1
v o

26.
6
14 1
10
1
2.18 10
V
2
8.13 10 s
2 r 2 4 0.529 10

v = = =
t t


27.
nhC
E nhc = = u

10 =nhcx
hcx
10
n =

28.
2
2
n
Z 6 . 13
E =

= 4 . 3
4
1 6 . 13
=

29.
t
=
2
nh
mvr


Z
n 529 . 0
r
2
=

r mvr o
Angular momentum r o
30.
2
3
V Z
2 r n
v =
t

T
27
1
H
= = v

He
4
x
8
+
v = =

x
T
27
2
=


27
x T
2
=
=B

31.
2
2
13.6Z
TE eV
n

=

4,H
13.6
TE eV K E E
16

= = =

2
Li
13.6 9
TE x
1
+

= =



1 E
144 x

=


X =144 E

32.
h
R
2
2 2 h
1 2
1 1
1 R
n n
| |
=
|
\ .
2
12 12
1 2
1 1
2
n n
| |

|
\ .


12
2
1 1 1 1
1 4
1 25 1 n
| |
| |
=
| |
\ .
\ .


24
6
4
25
=
12
2
12
2
n 1
n

12 12
2 2
6n 25n 25 =

12
2
19n 25 =
12
2
25
n 1
15
= =
(b)

33.
2
2
r
KZe
f =
=
2 3
2 4
2
KZe Z
n
0.529n
Z

| |
|
\ .


2
Li
27
f f
16
+
= =

H
1
f x
1
= =


x
f
16
27
=
X =16f/27
34.
r
V
a
2
=
=
6 2 2
2
2
(2.18 10 ) Z
n
0.529n
Z

3
4
z
n

1,He
8
a
1
+

3
2,Be
64
a
16
+


3
2,Be
1
a
2
+
= ,
35. Follow the expression

Z
529 . 0 n
r
2

=
(d)
36. Follow the expression

2
2
n
Z 6 . 13
E

=
(a)
37. See theory
38. 2n
2
+3n
1
=18
2n
2
3n
1
=6
Solve this and we get

1 2
n 2, n 6 = =
So,
( )( ) 6 2 6 2 1
10
2
+
=
39. n
1
+n
2
=4
n
2
n
1
=2

2 1
n 3, n 1 = =

2
H 2 2
1 1 1
R 2
1 3
| |
u = =
|

\ .

= |
.
|

\
|

9
8
4 R
H

40.
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

2
2
2
1
2
H
n
1
n
1
Z R
1


2
H 2 2
1 2
c 1 1
cR Z
n n
| |
v = =
|

\ .


2 2
H H 2 2 2 2
c 1 1 2n 1
cR Z cR Z
n (n 1) n (n 1)
| | | | +
v = = =
| |
+ +
\ . \ .

When n >>>1 then (n +1) ~ n and (2n +1) ~ 2n

2
2 H
H 4 3
2cR Z n
2cR Z
n n
v = =
41.
2
2
min
1 1
3 R 0 R
3
| |
= =
|

\ .


min
1
R
=
42. |
.
|

\
|
=

2 2
2
H
max
2
1
1
1
) 2 ( R
1

|
.
|

\
|
=
4
1
1
1
4 R
1
H
max

max
H
1
3R
=
43. |
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

2 2 2
2
2
1
n
1
1
1
R
n
1
n
1
R
1


2
1
1 R
R
n
(

=
44. E =E
1
+E
2


2 1
hc hc hc

1 2
1 2

=
+

45.
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

2
2
2
1
2
H
n
1
n
1
Z R
1

|
.
|

\
|
=

2 2 H 9
7
1
n
1
R
10 2170
1

n 4 =
46. 15
2
) 1 n ( n
=

n =6

|
|
.
|

\
|
=

2
2
2
1
2
H
n
1
n
1
Z R
1

|
.
|

\
|
=

2 2
6
1
1
1
109677
1

= 3 . 937
47. 6
2
) 1 n ( n
=

n =4, so excited state is 3
rd


48.








49.
H 2 2 H
L
R
x
1 1
1
1
R
1
= |
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
=

2 2 H
B
3
1
2
1
4 R
1


9
5
x
1 1
B
=

50.
h
x m v
4
A A =
t


h
x p
4
A A =
t

p x A = A

2

3
1/
2
=1/ +1/
1 3

2
=
1 3 1 3
/ ( + )

t
= A
4
h
) p (
2
,
t
= A
4
h
p

t
= A
4
h
v m

t
= A
h
m 2
1
V
51. mass =100 10
3
kg
V =23.76 km s/hr = s / m
18
5
76 . 23
h =6. 6 10
34


34
39
3
h 6.626 10
10 m
5
mV
100 10 23.76
18

= =


52.
2
2
h
1 1 h
mv
KE mv m
h 2 2 m
v
m
| |
=
|
| |
= = |
|

\ . |
=
|
\ .

=
2
2
2 2
2
m
h
2
1
m
mh
2
1

m
1
KE o
53. = t n r 2

2 r
n
t
=

2
2 3 x
6 x
3
t
= = t

54.
1
m 200g
0.1
V 10
100 v 10ms

=
A =
`
=
)


t
= A A
4
h
V m x

34
h 6.626 10
x
200 0.1
4 m v
4 10
1000 100

A = =
t A
t

55. Follow theory
56. (Follow theory)
57. 10Hz 3.5 =

15
0
1.5 10 Hz =
h =6.6 10
34

KE =
0
h h
KE =6.6 10
34
(3.5 10
15
1.5 10
15
)
18
1.32 10 J

=
58. KE =
0
h h

|
|
.
|

\
|

=
0
2
1 1
hc mv
2
1


2
0
2hc 1 1
v
m
| |
=
|

\ .


0
2hc 1 1
v
m
| |
=
|

\ .


0
0
2hc
v
m
| |
=
|

\ .

59.
mv
h
=

A B
B A
v
v

When
A B
2 = , then V
A
=2V
B

2
mv
2
1
KE =

2
B
2
A
B
A
V
V
T
T
=

1
4
T
T
B
A
=
Also T
A
T
B
=1.50
T
B
= 0.50
T
A
=T
B
+1.5
=0.50 +1.50
=2
Also, 4.25 =W
A
+T
A

4.20 =W
B
+T
B

W
A
=4.25 2 =2.25
W
B
=4.20 0.50 =3.70
60.
A A
K E 2 =
B B
K E 4 =

A
A
h
2mK
= ,
B
B
h
2mK
=

h
2m
B
h
2
K 2m
=
A
K


B A
1 4
K K
=

A B
E 2 4E 16 =
A A
E 2 4E 2 16 = +

A
3E 12 =
A
E 4 =

B
E 4.5 =
61. See theory
62. Orbital angular momentum =
h h
( 1) 6
2 2
+ =
t t
l l
63.
mV
h
=
64. See theory
65. See theory
66.
t
+
2
h
) 1 l ( l
67. 68), 69), 70), 71), 72), 73), 74), 75), 76)
See theory
77. n =3, l =3, m =0, s =1/2
Not possible
78. Follow n +l rule
79. Follow theory
80. Follow n +l rule
81. A g subshell will have 9 orbitals so there will be 18 electrons
82.
83.
84. n =5
85. See the graphs
86. Follow n l l
87.
88.
32
2
2
3s
0
1 1
(6 6 )e
a 9 3
o
| |
+ = o + o
|
\ .
; where
0
2r.Z
r
3a
=
The maximum red all distance of node from nucleus will be
0
3( 3 3)
r a
2 Z
+
=
radial node occurs where probability of finding e

=0
0
2
= + or 0 = +

2
6 6 0 o + o = or
0
0
2rZ 33 3
3 3 r a
3a 2 z
+
o = = =
89. Probability of finding e

is zero implies mat 0
2
= + or 0 = +
0 ) 1 ( = o , 1 = o

0
a
r
2z
=
0 ) 12 8 (
2
= + o o
( 6) ( 2) 0 o o =
6 = o ,
0 0
6a 3a
r
2Z Z
= =
R =2,
0
a
r
Z
=

90. 26(Inh) follow electronic configuration

91. (D) is not possible because P sub shell cannot have more than 7 electrons.

92.
5 2
n
m 3d 4s = ml

0 2 2
T 3d 4s =

3 2
V 3d 4s =

2 1
Al 3s 3p =

93. ( ) n n 2 +
6 2
fe 3d 4s =
n =5
( ) 5 5 2 +

94.
1 5
s
2 2
= =

95. See configuration.

96. Same as 92

97. See Theory

98. ( ) n n 2 = +
( ) 2.83 n n 2 = +

99. Same as 98

100. ( ) n n 2 = +
( ) 1.73 n n 2 = +
N =1

101. ( ) n n 2 = +
Write the electric configuration for both fe and Co and after removal of 3 electron from cobalt the
unpaired in
3
fe 5
+
= and
3
Co 4
+
=