Wattmeter Presentation
Uploaded by
kiran392Wattmeter Presentation
Uploaded by
kiran392National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia
Faculty of Electricity
Assignment : Introduction to Wattmeter
0884076677
The Purpose of Lesson
After we learned this lesson, we will be know : 1. Definitions and Forms Power and Energy 2. Definitions Wattmeter and Watt hour meter 3. Real component and Symbol of Wattmeter 4. Types of Wattmeter 5. Circuit of Analog Wattmeter
6. Wattmeter connection with single phase loads to measure for power
7. How to find the Wattmeter reading 8. Two-Wattmeter connection with three phase loads to measure for power 9. Three-Wattmeter connection with three phase loads to measure for power
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
1. Power and Energy
What is Power ? - Power is the time rate of expending or absorbing energy, measured in watts (W). = = = = What is Energy ? - Energy is the capacity to do work, measured in joules (J).
= =
Note: The electric power utility companies measure energy in watt-hours (Wh), where 1 Wh = 3,600 J
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
2. Wattmeter and Watt-hours meter
What is Wattmeter ? - The Wattmeter is an instrument which measures
the average electric power in watt (or the supply
rate of electrical energy). Wattmeter What is Watt-hours meter ? - Watt-hour meter is an instrument which measures electrical energy in watt hours (electricity meter
or energy analyzer).
Watt-hours meter
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
3. Real Component and Symbol Wattmeter
Real Component Symbol
Wattmeter
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
4. Types of Wattmeter
How many are there types of Wattmeter ? - There are two types of Wattmeter, they are Analog Wattmeter and Digital Wattmeter. Analog Wattmeter Digital Wattmeter
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
5. Circuit of Analog Wattmeter
The device consists of a pair of fixed coils, known as current coils, and a movable coil known as the potential coil (or voltage coil). The current coils is connected in series with the circuit (loads), while the potential coil is connected in parallel with the source. The potential coil carries a needle that moves over a scale to indicate the measurement. A current flowing through the current coil generates an electromagnetic field around the coil. The deflection of the needle is proportional to both the current and the voltage, thus conforming to the equation W=VA.
For DC, P = VI For AC, = Here, represents the power factor which shows that the power transmitted may be less than the apparent power obtained by multiplying the readings of a voltmeter and ammeter in the same circuit.
6
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
6. Wattmeter connection with single phase loads
= + = 2 ; = + = 2
Load
The wattmeter measures the average power given by : = 1 = = 2
7
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
7. How to find the Wattmeter reading
Before we learn how to find the Wattmeter reading, we must be know what is the Complex Power ? . Complex power (in VA) is the product of the rms voltage phasor and the complex conjugate of the rms current phasor. As a complex quantity, its real part is real power P and its imaginary part is reactive power Q.
=
= + = 2 + 2
; = = : Real Power ; = = : Reactive Power
Which power does the Wattmeter read ? The Wattmeter reads is the Real Power.
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
Practice
find the Wattmeter reading in this circuit. The current through the circuit is : 12030 = 9 12 4 2 + 9 + 12 = 13.079 + 1.301 The voltage loads is the voltage source,
So the complex power is :
= = 12030 13.079 1.301
= 1437.269 + 649.53 The Wattmeter reads is : = = 1437.269
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
Exercise
find the Wattmeter reading in this circuit.
Answer : P = Re(S) = 432.7 W
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
10
8. Three Wattmeter connection with three phase loads
Three-wattmeter method for measuring three-phase power :
the sum of the wattmeter readings gives the total average power = 1 + 2 + 3
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
11
9. Two Wattmeter connection with three phase loads
Two-wattmeter method for measuring three-phase power :
the sum of the wattmeter readings gives the total average power = 1 + 2
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
12
Reference
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wattmeter - http://metrology.tkk.fi/courses/S-108.4010/2006/Power_and_Energy.ppt
- http://www.sari-energy.org/PageFiles/What_We_Do/activities
/Afghan_Capacity_Building_Program_Aug_09/Metering_Systems_and_Mana gement_Sep_2010/Presentations/English/Measurement_of_power_150910.pdf - Fundamentals of Electric Circuits 4th ed - C. Alexander, M. Sadiku (McGraw-Hill, 2009) WW.
Prepared by sophomore of group 2
13
