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    Matlab Codes

    Uploaded by

    krishnagdeshpande
    The document describes how to generate amplitude modulation (AM) using MATLAB. It provides the mathematical representation of an AM signal and includes MATLAB code to generate an AM signal by modifying the amplitude of a carrier wave based on a message signal. The code generates the message signal, carrier signal, and AM signal as separate plots and overlays them to show how the carrier amplitude changes according to the message signal.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Matlab Codes

    Uploaded by

    krishnagdeshpande
    297 views6 pages
    The document describes how to generate amplitude modulation (AM) using MATLAB. It provides the mathematical representation of an AM signal and includes MATLAB code to generate an AM signal by modifying the amplitude of a carrier wave based on a message signal. The code generates the message signal, carrier signal, and AM signal as separate plots and overlays them to show how the carrier amplitude changes according to the message signal.

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    The document describes how to generate amplitude modulation (AM) using MATLAB. It provides the mathematical representation of an AM signal and includes MATLAB code to generate an AM signal by modifying the amplitude of a carrier wave based on a message signal. The code generates the message signal, carrier signal, and AM signal as separate plots and overlays them to show how the carrier amplitude changes according to the message signal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    297 views6 pages

    Matlab Codes

    Uploaded by

    krishnagdeshpande
    The document describes how to generate amplitude modulation (AM) using MATLAB. It provides the mathematical representation of an AM signal and includes MATLAB code to generate an AM signal by modifying the amplitude of a carrier wave based on a message signal. The code generates the message signal, carrier signal, and AM signal as separate plots and overlays them to show how the carrier amplitude changes according to the message signal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    How to generate Amplitude modulation (AM) using MATLAB?

    AM is a method of
    transmitting signals, such as sound or digital information, in which the
    amplitude of carrier wave is changed according to the message signal. AM is
    widely used in electronic communication field. The plotting of AM signal using
    MATLAB is very easy.
    Here we are simply adding the carrier amplitude with message signal to obtain
    AM signal, then the instantaneous amplitude of carrier gets altered with respect
    to modulating signal. Thus the carrier amplitude varies according to the base
    band signal (message signal). The MATLAB code is shown below, the uses of
    particular code is also given in commented form (%Comment field). The program
    is capable of accepting two input frequencies and modulation index from the
    keyboard.

    Mathematical representation of AM Signal


    If the message signal is represented by,

    and carrier signal by,

    Then the equation of amplitude modulation is given by,

    Where mi is the modulation index and A is the amplitude

    MATLAB Codes
    clc;
    clear all;
    close all;
    t=0:0.001:1;
    set(0,defaultlinelinewidth,2);
    A=5;%Amplitude of signal
    fm=input(Message frequency=);%Accepting input value
    fc=input(Carrier frequency=);%Accepting input value (f2>f1)

    mi=input(Modulation Index=);%Modulation Index


    Sm=A*sin(2*pi*fm*t);%Message Signal
    subplot(3,1,1);%Plotting frame divided in to 3 rows and this fig appear at 1st
    plot(t,Sm);
    xlabel(Time);
    ylabel(Amplitude);
    title(Message Signal);
    grid on;
    Sc=A*sin(2*pi*fc*t);%Carrier Signal
    subplot(3,1,2);
    plot(t,Sc);
    xlabel(Time);
    ylabel(Amplitude);
    title(Carrier Signal);
    grid on;
    Sfm=(A+mi*Sm).*sin(2*pi*fc*t);%AM Signal, Amplitude of Carrier changes to
    (A+Message)
    subplot(3,1,3);
    plot(t,Sfm);
    xlabel(Time);
    ylabel(Amplitude);
    title(AM Signal);
    grid on;

    MATLAB code for Frequency modulation (FM)


    with modulation index
    How to generate frequency modulation (FM) in MATLAB? Before that we
    must know what is FM (frequency modulation). In FM, frequency of the
    carrier signal having high frequency is varied in accordance with the
    instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal having low frequency.
    Frequency modulated signals are widely used in television and radio
    transmission systems. FM signals can be easily plotted using simple MATLAB
    functions. The MATLAB code is shown below, the use of particular code is also
    given as commented form ( %Comment field ). The given matlab program is
    capable of accepting two input frequencies and modulation index from the user.

    Also see:

    MATLAB code for Amplitude modulation (AM) with modulation index

    Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation in matlab

    Mathematical representation of FM Signal


    Let the modulating signal be

    and the carrier signal be

    then the modulating signal e(t) is expressed as

    where m is the modulation index.

    MATLAB Codes
    clc;
    clear all;
    close all;
    fm=input('Message Frequency=');
    fc=input('Carrier Frequency=');
    mi=input('Modulation Index=');
    t=0:0.0001:0.1;
    m=sin(2*pi*fm*t);
    subplot(3,1,1);
    plot(t,m);
    xlabel('Time');
    ylabel('Amplitude');
    title('Message Signal');
    grid on;
    c=sin(2*pi*fc*t);
    subplot(3,1,2);
    plot(t,c);
    xlabel('Time');

    ylabel('Amplitude');
    title('Carrier Signal');
    grid on;
    y=sin(2*pi*fc*t+(mi.*sin(2*pi*fm*t)));%Frequency changing w.r.t Message
    subplot(3,1,3);
    plot(t,y);
    xlabel('Time');
    ylabel('Amplitude');
    title('FM Signal');
    grid on;

    Phase Shift Keying (PSK) Modulation Code in


    MATLAB
    Binary Phase shift keying (BPSK) is one of the basic modulation schemes in
    which the phase of the carrier signal is varied or switched according to the input
    message pulses. When the modulation input is at logic 1, a finite number of
    cycles of a sinusoidal signal are transmitted and when the input is at logic 0,
    phase of the sinusoid is changed. We have discussed in detail aboutbinary phase
    shift keying and applications of PSK modulation before.Comments in green font
    color are given for better understanding of this matlab program for bpsk
    modulation.

    Matlab Program for PSK / Matlab Code for PSK


    clear all;
    clc;
    close all;
    set(0,'defaultlinelinewidth',2);
    A=5;
    t=0:.001:1;
    f1=input('Carrier Sine wave frequency =');
    f2=input('Message frequency =');
    x=A.*sin(2*pi*f1*t);%Carrier Sine
    subplot(3,1,1);

    plot(t,x);
    xlabel('time');
    ylabel('Amplitude');
    title('Carrier');
    grid on;
    u=square(2*pi*f2*t);%Message signal
    subplot(3,1,2);
    plot(t,u);
    xlabel('time');
    ylabel('Amplitude');
    title('Message Signal');
    grid on;
    v=x.*u;%Sine wave multiplied with square wave
    subplot(3,1,3);
    plot(t,v);
    axis([0 1 -6 6]);
    xlabel('t');
    ylabel('y');
    title('PSK');
    grid on;

    Code for PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)


    generation in MATLAB
    PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) can be easily generated in MATLAB using simple
    MATLAB functions. We have already discussed about PWM generator circuit using 741
    Op-amp in previous posts. In PWM, width of the pulses are varied according to
    the amplitude of AF message signal. PWM is basically an analog pulse
    modulation technique. It does modulation of the duty cycle of the pulse.
    In addition to its use in communication systems, PWM is also used in voltage
    regulators such as Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) to control the power
    delivered to the load. PWM can be generated using a comparator to which the
    modulating signal and a reference ramp (sawtooth) waveform are fed.The code
    for PWM simulation in MATLAB is shown below. The use of particular line of

    MATLAB code is also given as comments (%Comment field). The given MATLAB
    program accepts two input frequencies from the user.

    PWM MATLAB Codes


    clc;
    clear all;
    close all;
    F2=input(Message frequency=);
    F1=input(Carrier Sawtooth frequency=);
    A=5;
    t=0:0.001:1;
    c=A.*sawtooth(2*pi*F1*t);%Carrier sawtooth
    subplot(3,1,1);
    plot(t,c);
    xlabel(time);
    ylabel(Amplitude);
    title(Carrier sawtooth wave);
    grid on;
    m=0.75*A.*sin(2*pi*F2*t);%Message amplitude must be less than Sawtooth
    subplot(3,1,2);
    plot(t,m);
    xlabel(Time);
    ylabel(Amplitude);
    title(Message Signal);
    grid on;
    n=length(c);%Length of carrier sawtooth is stored to n
    for i=1:n%Comparing Message and Sawtooth amplitudes
    if (m(i)>=c(i))
    pwm(i)=1;
    else
    pwm(i)=0;
    end
    end
    subplot(3,1,3);
    plot(t,pwm);
    xlabel(Time);
    ylabel(Amplitude);
    title(plot of PWM);
    axis([0 1 0 2]);%X-Axis varies from 0 to 1 & Y-Axis from 0 to 2
    grid on;

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