Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 271 views

    Experiment-3: Galvanic Series

    Uploaded by

    Chayon Mondal
    The document describes an experiment to measure the electrode potentials of different metals using an electrochemical cell. An electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, with oxidation occurring at the anode and reduction at the cathode, generating a potential difference. By connecting half-cells with different metals via a salt bridge and measuring the voltage, the relative reducing power of each metal can be determined. The experiment involves setting up electrochemical cells with various metal strips, a reference electrode, and salt bridge, and measuring the potential of each metal using a multimeter to construct the galvanic series.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Experiment-3: Galvanic Series

    Uploaded by

    Chayon Mondal
    271 views4 pages
    The document describes an experiment to measure the electrode potentials of different metals using an electrochemical cell. An electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, with oxidation occurring at the anode and reduction at the cathode, generating a potential difference. By connecting half-cells with different metals via a salt bridge and measuring the voltage, the relative reducing power of each metal can be determined. The experiment involves setting up electrochemical cells with various metal strips, a reference electrode, and salt bridge, and measuring the potential of each metal using a multimeter to construct the galvanic series.

    Original Description:

    Experiment

    Original Title

    Galvanic Series

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document describes an experiment to measure the electrode potentials of different metals using an electrochemical cell. An electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, with oxidation occurring at the anode and reduction at the cathode, generating a potential difference. By connecting half-cells with different metals via a salt bridge and measuring the voltage, the relative reducing power of each metal can be determined. The experiment involves setting up electrochemical cells with various metal strips, a reference electrode, and salt bridge, and measuring the potential of each metal using a multimeter to construct the galvanic series.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    271 views4 pages

    Experiment-3: Galvanic Series

    Uploaded by

    Chayon Mondal
    The document describes an experiment to measure the electrode potentials of different metals using an electrochemical cell. An electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, with oxidation occurring at the anode and reduction at the cathode, generating a potential difference. By connecting half-cells with different metals via a salt bridge and measuring the voltage, the relative reducing power of each metal can be determined. The experiment involves setting up electrochemical cells with various metal strips, a reference electrode, and salt bridge, and measuring the potential of each metal using a multimeter to construct the galvanic series.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that an electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, one where oxidation occurs (anode) and one where reduction occurs (cathode). Connecting the two half-cells with a salt bridge allows a current to flow as electrons move from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit. The potential difference between different metals can be measured to determine their positions in the galvanic series.

    The salt bridge completes the electric circuit between the two half-cells and allows ionic conduction between the solutions while preventing mixing. It provides a path for the movement of ions to maintain charge balance during the redox reaction.

    The anode is the half-cell where oxidation occurs and metal atoms lose electrons to form positively charged ions. The cathode is the half-cell where reduction occurs and metal ions gain electrons and are deposited as neutral metal atoms.

    Experiment-3

    Aim of the Experiment

    Galvanic series
    To calculate the electrode potential of different materials and
    to study different aspects of the galvanic series

    Theory:
    An electrochemical cell is based on an oxidation-reduction
    (redox) reaction and consists of two half-cells: an anode halfcell and a cathode half-cell. Oxidation occurs at the anode;
    reduction occurs at the cathode.
    An electrochemical cell can produce an electric current, which
    is driven by an electrical potential
    difference between the two half-cells. In this experiment We will
    use a meter to measure and compare
    the electrical potential differences of several electrochemical
    cells, some of which will have different
    concentrations of metal ions.
    Electrochemical Cell
    If two half-cells are connected by placing a wire between the
    pieces of metal and by adding a salt bridge between the two
    solutions, a direct electric current can flow through the circuit.
    The electric current is generated because metal atoms in the
    more reducing metal convert to ions and leave one electrode to
    enter the solution and ions of the less reducing metal accept
    electrons and plate out on the other electrode. The electrons
    left behind when positive ions are formed at one electrode pass
    through the external circuit and into the other electrode. There
    the electrons combine with ions from the solution to form metal
    atoms. By measuring the direction of current flow, and the
    voltage generated in the cell, we can determine which is the
    more reducing metal (stronger reducing agent), and by how
    much.

    Salt Bridge
    In order for current to flow, there must be a complete electric
    circuit. The wire is part of the circuit and the salt bridge
    completes the circuit. In this experiment, the salt bridge is a
    porous cylinder soaked with aqueous potassium chloride and
    agar agar gel. The solutions of salts, such as potassium
    chloride, are electrolytesthey conduct electrical current by
    movement of positive and negative ions in the solution. Thus
    the porous cylinder provides a path for conduction of electricity,
    just as the wire does,
    completing the electrical circuit. Because diffusion of the
    solutions through the porous cylinder is slow, there will be no
    mixing of the solution of one half-cell with the solution of
    another on the time scale of the experiment. Thus the half-cells
    are connected electrically, but not chemically, by the salt
    bridge. Without a salt bridge a cell will not produce an electric
    current and we will not be able to measure the electrical
    potential difference between the two electrodes.
    Anode and Cathode
    The half-cell in which oxidation occurs is called the anode. This
    is the half-cell in which metal atoms
    lose electrons (are oxidized) to form positively charged ions
    (which go into solution). The electrons flow into the external
    circuit from the anode.
    The half-cell in which reduction occurs is called the cathode.
    This is the half-cell in which metal ions
    from the solution gain electrons (are reduced) and plate out
    onto the electrode as uncharged atoms. The electrons flow out
    of the external circuit into the cathode.

    Apparatus :1. Reference Electrode-Saturated Calomel Electrode(SCE)


    2. Salt bridge
    3. Potentiostat
    4. Lead strip
    5. Zinc strip
    6. Copper strip
    7. Aluminium strip
    8. Stainless steel strip
    9.Graphite rod
    10.Multimeter

    Procedure:1.The sample is immersed in a beaker containing water.


    2. The sample is connected to the positive end of the
    multimeter and the reference electrode is connected to the
    negative end of the multimeter.
    3. The potential of the sample is measured.
    4. Another sample strip is placed and the potential of it is
    measured following the above procedure.

    Observations:-

    Remarks:1. Care is taken to ensure that the electrodes do not touch the
    glass-walls as it might lead to erroneous results.
    2. Care is taken to avoid any parallax error.

    You might also like