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    Data Processing Instructions

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    mani_vlsi
    The ARM architecture provides a range of arithmetic, logical, and data processing instructions. It supports addition, subtraction, bitwise operations, and multiplication on 32-bit operands stored in registers. Data transfer instructions allow single-register and multiple-register transfers between registers and memory using various addressing modes like base-plus-offset. Auto-indexed addressing updates the base register to access sequential memory locations efficiently. Control flow instructions include conditional and unconditional branches as well as conditional execution of any instruction based on status flags.

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    Data Processing Instructions

    Uploaded by

    mani_vlsi
    69 views1 page
    The ARM architecture provides a range of arithmetic, logical, and data processing instructions. It supports addition, subtraction, bitwise operations, and multiplication on 32-bit operands stored in registers. Data transfer instructions allow single-register and multiple-register transfers between registers and memory using various addressing modes like base-plus-offset. Auto-indexed addressing updates the base register to access sequential memory locations efficiently. Control flow instructions include conditional and unconditional branches as well as conditional execution of any instruction based on status flags.

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    ARM Instructions

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    Instructions

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    The ARM architecture provides a range of arithmetic, logical, and data processing instructions. It supports addition, subtraction, bitwise operations, and multiplication on 32-bit operands stored in registers. Data transfer instructions allow single-register and multiple-register transfers between registers and memory using various addressing modes like base-plus-offset. Auto-indexed addressing updates the base register to access sequential memory locations efficiently. Control flow instructions include conditional and unconditional branches as well as conditional execution of any instruction based on status flags.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    69 views1 page

    Data Processing Instructions

    Uploaded by

    mani_vlsi
    The ARM architecture provides a range of arithmetic, logical, and data processing instructions. It supports addition, subtraction, bitwise operations, and multiplication on 32-bit operands stored in registers. Data transfer instructions allow single-register and multiple-register transfers between registers and memory using various addressing modes like base-plus-offset. Auto-indexed addressing updates the base register to access sequential memory locations efficiently. Control flow instructions include conditional and unconditional branches as well as conditional execution of any instruction based on status flags.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Data processing instructions

    The ARM architecture provides a range of addition, subtraction, and bit-wise


    logical operations that take two 32-bit operands and return a 32-bit result that can
    be independently specified in the 3-address instruction format. The first operand
    and the result should be stored in registers, while the second operand can be
    either register or immediate. In the former case, the second operand can be
    shifted or rotated before being sent to the ALU. Due to the limited space available
    for operand specification inside the 32-bit instruction, an immediate operand
    should be a 32-bit binary number where all the binary ones fall within a group of
    eight adjacent bit positions on a 2-bit boundary.
    ARM also supports several multiply and multiply-accumulate instructions that take
    two 32-bit register operands and return a 32- or 64-bit result. Finally, ARM
    supports binary comparison operations that do not return any values but only
    modify condition flags in the CPSR register.
    One interesting feature of the ARM architecture is that modification of condition
    flags by arithmetic instructions is optional, which means that flags do not
    necessarily have to be read right after the instruction that set them, but it can be
    done later in the instruction stream provided that other intermediate instructions
    do not change the flags.

    Data transfer instructions


    ARM supports two types of data transfer instructions: single-register transfers and
    multiple-register transfers. Single-register transfer instructions provide a flexible
    way to move 1, 2, or 4-byte blocks between registers and memory, while multipleregister transfer instructions provide an efficient but less flexible way to move
    larger amounts of data. The main addressing mode is base-plus-offset addressing.
    Value in the base register is added to the offset stored in a register or passed as
    an immediate value to form the memory address for load or store.
    As was mentioned above, in the original ARM pipeline loads and stores took two
    cycles to execute. Therefore, auto-indexed addressing was introduced to keep the
    pipeline busy while the processor is reading or writing memory. An auto-indexed
    addressing mode writes the value of the base register incremented by the offset
    back to the base register, so it is possible to access the value in the next memory
    location in the following instruction, without wasting an additional instruction to
    increment the register. Two auto-indexed addressing modes are supported: the
    pre-indexed mode uses the computed address for the load or store operation, and
    then updates the base register to the computed value, while the post-indexed
    mode uses the unmodified base register for the transfer, and then updates the
    base register to the computed address.
    Multiple-register transfer instructions allow to load or store any subset of the
    sixteen general-purpose registers from/to sequential memory addresses. Autoindexed addressing modes are also supported for multiple-register transfers.

    Control flow instructions


    In addition to usual conditional and unconditional branch instructions, the ARM
    architecture provides support for conditional execution of arbitrary instructions:
    any instruction can be predicated using values of CPSR condition flags. ARM
    supports efficient procedure invocations using a branch-and-link instruction that
    saves the address of the instruction following the branch to R14.

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