HW 5
HW 5
02/23/2015
ME 322
HOMEWORK 5
Problem 12.15:
Given: Sketched in Figure are the upstream [section (1)] and
downstream [section (2)] velocity triangles at the arithmetic mean
radius for flow through an axial-flow turbomachine rotor. The axial
component of velocity is 50 ft/s at sections (1) and (2).
Find:
Label each velocity vector appropriately. Use V for absolute
velocity, W for relative velocity, and U for blade velocity.
Are you dealing with a turbine or a fan?
Calculate the work per unit mass involved.
Sketch a reasonable blade section. Do you think that the actual
blade exit angle will need to be less or greater than 15 ? Why?
Solution:
Velocity diagram of the flow at the entrance and exit of the blade
U
W1
W2
V
1
U
2
From the diagram, the absolute velocity of the flow at the exit
has changed its direction downward along with the blade velocity
compare to itself at the entrance. Therefore, the work is done on the
fluid so the device is a fan.
The work per unit mass:
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02/23/2015
w=U 2 V 2U 1 V 1
Continue problem 12.15
where absolute velocity:
V axial
50
V 1=
=
=51.76
cos ( 15 ) cos (15 )
V 1=
ft/s
V axial
50
=
=57.73 ft/s
cos ( 30 ) cos (30 )
w=U 2 V 2U 1 V 1 =1780.4
ft2/s2
Blade section:
Blade entrance angle:
1 U 1 +V 1
1=tan
=48.03
V axial
48.03
15
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02/23/2015
Problem 12.19
Given: A centrifugal water pump having an impeller diameter of 0.5 m
operates at 900 rpm. The water enters the pump parallel to the pump
shaft.
Find: If the exit blade angle, 2 is 25 , determine the shaft power
required to turn the impeller when the flow through the pump is 0.16
m3/s. The uniform blade height is 50 mm.
Solution:
Power required by the shaft:
=T shalf
W
Since, T shalf = Q(r 2 V 2r 1 V 1)
so T shalf = Q r 2 V 2
and
V 1=0
Q
cot 2
2 r2 b 2
0.16 m 3
0.5 m
900 rpm
s
V 2=
(2 )
where
T shalf =
999 kg 0.16 m3
3
s
m
)(
)( 0.52m ) V
=766.96
W =72284.03W =72.3 kW
Hence,
Nm
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02/23/2015
Problem 12.25:
Given: The performance characteristics of a certain centrifugal pump
having a 9-in.-diameter impeller and operating at 1750 rpm are
determined. The following data were obtained during a series of tests
in which z2 z1 = 0, V2 = V1, and the fluid was water.
Find: Based on these data, show or plot how the actual head rise, ha,
and the pump efficiency, , vary with the flow rate. What is the
design flow rate for this pump?
Solution:
Actual head rise:
Energy balanced equation:
2
p1 V 1
p2 V 2 2
+
+z = +
+ z h
2g 1 2g 2 a
Since z2 z1 = 0, V2 = V1
2 2
( )
( p 2 p1 )
ha =
12
2
ft
Pump efficiency:
Q
Q ha
550
W
[ ftlb f ]
s
hp
100 =
2 2
( )
0.133681 ft
12
p2 p1 )
(
2
gal
ft
550
W
[ ftlb f ]
s
hp
(100 )
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02/23/2015
As a result:
( p2 p1 )
Q(gpm)
(psi)
(hp)
W
20
40.2
1.58
40
40.1
2.27
60
38.1
2.67
80
36.2
2.95
100
33.5
3.19
120
30.1
3.49
140
25.8
ha (ft)
92.769230
77
92.538461
54
87.923076
92
83.538461
54
77.307692
31
69.461538
46
59.538461
54
29.683642
99
41.218932
93
49.943986
27
57.265727
11
61.259346
82
60.372693
56
52.675175
13
"
"
The design flow rate occurs at the highest efficiency, and the
highest efficiency is about 63%. Therefore, the design flow rate is
about 110gpm.
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02/23/2015
Problem 12.30:
Given: Water at 40 C is pumped from an open tank through 200 m
of 50-mm-diameter smooth horizontal pipe as shown in Figure and
discharges into the atmosphere with a velocity of 3 m/s.
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02/23/2015
1
2
= Pf
W
Pf =Q h a
6.5810
2
3m 2
( 0.0153 )( 200 m ) 3 m
s
s
ha =
3 m+
=25.53 m
9.81 m
9.81 m
2
2
( 0.05 m )
s2
s2
Continue problem 12.30
( )
( )
So,
Pf = V 2 A ha = 9.731103
N
3
m
Hence,
= 1459 W =2084 W =2.08 kW
W
0.7
The net positive suction head available (NPSHA) at the pump
inlet:
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02/23/2015
N
N
7.376103 2
2
p
p
m
m
NPSH A = atm + z1 =
+3 m
N
N
9.731103 3
9.731103 3
m
m
10110 3
NPSH A =12.6 m
Problem 12.35:
Given: A centrifugal pump having a 6 in diameter impeller and the
characteristics shown in Figure is to be used to pump gasoline through
4000 ft of commercial steel 3 in diameter pipe. The pipe connects two
reservoirs having open surfaces at the same elevation.
1
2
Pum
p
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02/23/2015
Find: Determine the flow rate. Is this pump a good choice? Explain
Solution:
Energy balanced equation:
p1 V 1 2
p2 V 2 2
+
+z = +
+ z h +h
2g 1 2g 2 p f
p1= p2=V 1 =V 2=z 1z 2=0
l V2
h p =hf =f
D 2g
3
12
1 ft
since
( 2]
4
Q Q
V= =
A
where,
( )
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02/23/2015
12
1 ft
3
4000 ft
h p =f
and
VD
=
20.382Q
4.9106
4
=5.810
D
As a result,
Q(gpm)
Q(ft3/s)
0
0
0.0891203
40
7
0.1782407
80
41
0.2673611
120
11
0.3564814
160
82
0.4456018
200
52
0.5347222
240
22
( 123 ) ft =1.0410 Q
2
ft
s
Re
0
92685.185
22
185370.37
04
278055.55
56
370740.74
09
463425.92
61
556111.11
13
f
0
0.0208
0.0193
0.0187
0.0184
0.0182
0.0181
hp(ft)
0
17.051089
06
63.285772
87
137.96626
39
241.33849
14
372.99257
33
534.15815
55
10
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02/23/2015
11
System curve
Problem 12.37:
Given: A centrifugal pump having the characteristics shown in Figure is
used to pump water between two large open tanks through 100 ft of 8in.-diameter pipe. The pipeline contains four regular flanged 90
elbows, a check valve, and a fully open globe valve.
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02/23/2015
12
h p =30 ft +h f =30 ft +
where,
[(
100 ft
h p =30 ft + 0.02
+ ( 4 )( 0.3 )+10+ 2
8
ft
12
[ ( )]
Q
8
ft
4 12
](
2 32.2
ft
s2
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02/23/2015
13
3 2
( )
Q ft
h p =30 ft +2.06
s
System curve
Problem 12.43:
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02/23/2015
14
Qd =3200 gpm
had =60 ft
( )
( ) ( )
1
d2 3
10 3
Qd =
3200 gpm
Qd =
d1
12
Qd =1852 gpm
2
( )
( ) ( )
1
d2 2
10 2
had =
60 ft
d1
12
had =41.7 ft
had =
2
d 5
the expected input power: W
5
d
W
d1
So, =
d2
Wd
( )
( ) ( )
1
d2 5
10 5
W
=
W
=
60 hp
d
d
d1
12
d =24.11 hp
W
2
d =60 hp
W
1