KLS Ahu
KLS Ahu
KLS Ahu
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2- INSTALLATION
During final installation the requirements of EN 60204-1 do apply.
Before manufacturing air handling unit, the client should check the conditions at site to ensure
that access routes are adequate for both size and weight of the unit sections. Air handling unit
installation areas should also be checked. There should be sufficient space around the unit for
servicing, maintenance and piping connections. Further, it must be ensure that the base is high
enough from the floor to allow the condensate drain with necessary water trap.
Air handling units should be installed on a rigid and level surface. Correct alignments of the
sections are essential to maintain a satisfactory airtight enclosure and to avoid distortion to the
casing and components. Once all sections are located, they can be easily aligned and locked
together. First of all, between the sides of the sections that shall be connected, a continuous foam
gasket must be adhered for airtight seal. (For pent-a-post units) Then the sections are pushed
towards one another. Sections are locked together by special bolts, nuts and stiffening parts.
Assembly parts, bolts, nuts and seals are placed in a bag inside of the unit.
First attach the bolts on the base frame, then section bolts and tighten both with the same order
and same torque gradually. Do not use excessive force to align the sections, because it may
deform the aluminium framework and casing.
.A.O.S.B. 10008 Sokak No:5 35620 ili ZMR TRKYE
TEL: 00 90 232 328 10 00
FAX: 00 90 232 328 10 80
www.klsklima.com.tr
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When discharging into a duct of larger cross-sectional area than the fan outlet, an expansion
section with an included angle of 7-20C should be used. (Fig.8) The ideal configuration is with
parallel length of ducting prior to the expansion section, allowing the air to become less turbulent
before expanding. (Fig.9) The fan should never discharge directly into a duct with larger crosssection. (Fig.10)
The same criteria apply when discharging into a duct of smaller cross-sectional area then the fan
outlet. A ducting section with an included angle of up to 45C should be used. Losses will again
be minimised if a parallel section of ducting is used prior to the reducing section. (Fig.11) To
achieve ideal conditions the length of parallel ducting in both cases should be equal to 8 impeller
diameters. However parallel ducting of considerably shorter lengths can be used to advantage.
Extremely high losses occur when attempts are made to change the direction of the airflow close
to the fan discharge. If this is necessary the installation should be carried out as in (Fig.12) and
ever as in (Fig.13) A better solution is to have a parallel section of ducting prior to changing
direction and it should be as long as can be accommodated. (Fig.14)
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FAIR
BAD
Fig.13
Fig.14
BAD
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If the drain pipe is to be long, drain line should be pitched with a gradient not less than 1 in 50.
A Manual reset
B Automatic reset
CAUTION- Electrical installation and wiring works should be carried out by qualified and
competent electricians.
- Thermal overload relay setting
a) Direct-on-line starting: The thermal overload really should preferably be set to the motor full
load current shown on the motor rating plate.
.A.O.S.B. 10008 Sokak No:5 35620 ili ZMR TRKYE
TEL: 00 90 232 328 10 00
FAX: 00 90 232 328 10 80
www.klsklima.com.tr
9/32
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Check the concentration ratio of the antifreeze before the start-up of the cooling coil. It should
be enough for the claimed operating temperature range. It should be taken in to account that
the increasing concentration ratio of the antifreeze decreases the performance of the coil.
The minimum temperature of the chilled water should be +20C, at lower temperatures freezing
danger will occur.
Antifreeze is a dangerous chemical. The safety regulations of the antifreeze manufacturer should
be taken in to account.
Direct expansion coils will be supplied with a refrigerant distributor suitable for brazed
connections. Refrigerant pipe work must include necessary shut off devices, dehydrators, solenoid
valves, oil traps etc. Selection, sizing, installation and setting of thermostatic expansion valve
should be in accordance with the recommendation of condensing unit manufacturer.
Steam coils: Special care should be taken for collection and disposal of condensate within the
coils and to prevent entry of the condensate in the main into the coil by trapping it independently
on a coil bypass. Condensate connections to the stream trap must be of the same size as the coil
outlet.
CAUTION: Do not operate coils above the maximum temperature and pressure specified on the
capacity label.
If not otherwise stated on the capacity label, maximum operating temperature and pressure:
For water coils (type:1) : 90C, 10 bar
For water coils (type:2) : 150C, 15 bar
For steam coils: 164C, 6 bar
4.4- HUMIDIFIERS
Mat type or steam type humidifiers may be assembled in the unit. For the piping and wiring
instructions please refer to humidifier manufacturers manual.
The supply water, overflow / drain piping should be done before the start-up of mat type. The
supply piping should have a valve for cutting off during the maintenance. Before start-up clean
the water sump, close the drain valve and fill the sump with water. The float adjusts the water
level. The distance between the water level and overflow pipe should be 5cm. The water level in
the sump is very important that if the water height is usually at low level the humidification
performance will decrease. Check the rotation of the pump, the direction should be at clockwise.
Change the connection of the 2 phases if the direction is opposite. Not to damage the pump do
not operate dry.
Before the start-up of the steam humidifier, wiring and piping should be done, steam supply and
drain hose should be connected to the steam distribution pipe.
For further information about the humidifiers please refer to the humidifier manufacturers manual.
4.5- SUPPLY AND RETURN FANS
Vibration isolators, on which fan + motor assembly is mounted, are locked prior to shipping to
avoid damage during transport. Once the unit is in position and duct connections are made,
isolators must be released. It should be guaranteed that the fan move hasnt locked.
.A.O.S.B. 10008 Sokak No:5 35620 ili ZMR TRKYE
TEL: 00 90 232 328 10 00
FAX: 00 90 232 328 10 80
www.klsklima.com.tr
13/32
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electrical connections
piping connections
ducting connections
start up
maintenance
It is necessary to establish and to respect the responsibilities for the control and maintenance to
guaranty safety.
5.4- PREVENT OF COMMON DANGERS AND RISKS
Air handling units are supplied with locked access doors as an option. So, unauthorized persons
are not permitted to enter the sections which represent a danger.
The most important potential dangers for life and health are described below. The units are
manufactured in conformity with machinery normative 98/37/EC. If the user thinks to take further
measures to restrict every possible remaining danger, he will be able to recognize them by the
general description below:
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Risk caused by
overspeed of fan
Risk caused by
mechanical resonance
Risk of fail function or
programming
DANGER OR RISK
Danger of hurting
Danger of burning
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Ensure all panels, if removed during installation, are in position and all service doors are closed.
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OPERATIONS OF FANS:
-
Check that all moving parts of the fan and motor are free to rotate.
Check that no loose materials are left near the fan inlet.
- Check that direction of impeller rotation is correct. For this, momentarily energize the fan and
see the direction of rotation.
-
- One of the most common causes of motor failure with forward curved blade fans is excessive
air flow, due to overestimated system resistance. To overcome this type of failure, first start-up
should be with the main system damper partially closed and to be opened when correct
proportional air flow has been achieved by system regulation.
- Check that flexible connections are firmly fixed and undamaged, duct connections are
designed in accordance with acceptable engineering practices and with the manufacturer s
recommendations.
-
Switch on the electric supply and allow fan to reach full speed. Check carefully for:
Excessive vibration
Unusual noise
Proper belt alignment
Proper lubrication
Motor current and voltage values
If any problem is indicated, switch of immediately. Lock out the electrical supply, secure fan
impeller if there is a possibility of windmilling. Check carefully for the cause of the problem and
correct as necessary.
After ensuring that there is not any problem, no leaks between joints and system is clean, stop the
fan. Dispose low efficiency filters, install panel/bag/absolute filters as supplied. Restarts the fan:
- Adjust damper position to obtain required air volume. Ensure that the air volume is within
specified limits.
- Check the motor current and ensure that it is in accordance with the motor rated data (on
motor nameplate)
- Check inlet-outlet temperatures across coils and adjust water/steam flows accordingly. Check
the functioning of control devices.
.A.O.S.B. 10008 Sokak No:5 35620 ili ZMR TRKYE
TEL: 00 90 232 328 10 00
FAX: 00 90 232 328 10 80
www.klsklima.com.tr
18/32
- Check the operation of heating coils by adjusting thermostat. Check the functioning of
controls. (air flow switch, fan interlock, overheat protection, etc.)
-
Check the pressure drop across the filters and ensure that it is within limits.
During the first eight hours of running, operation of fan should be periodically observed and
checked for excessive vibration and noise. Motor input current and motor and bearing
temperatures should also be checked to ensure that they do not exceed manufacturers
recommendations. Then the fan should be shut down to check the following items and to adjust,
if necessary:
-
- Bearing temperature immediately after stop. Bearing temperature should not exceed 70C.
Lubricate if necessary.
-
Condition of filters
WARNING: Investigate any changes to the fan. You may have more detailed explanation of
problems and possible causes in troubleshooting section. Consult your manufacturer or other
qualified consultant for questions concerning changes observed during periodic inspections.
- If excessive vibration is observed, stop the fan until the cause is corrected. Check for material
build up on the impeller which causes an imbalance and leads to the fatigue failure or impeller.
-
Changes in the sound level of the fan may indicate troubleshooting is required.
- If the motor temperature is high check cooling fan of the motor. It may be blocked or broken.
Also check the input current. An increase in current may indicate that some major changes have
been made in system.
- High bearing temperatures usually caused by improper lubrication. If the cause of the problem
is not easily seen, experienced personnel must examine the equipment before running it again.
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Check the conditions of filters every week. Clean, wash or replace if necessary.
ONCE A MONTH
-
Check the condition of access door hinges and seals lubricate hinges if necessary.
Check fan and motor bearings for high temperature and noise
ONCE A YEAR
-
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Check the coils and fins. Wash with water spray, if necessary.
Replace belts
Check the tightness of the fan and the motor fixing bolts
Check the condition of access door for easily opening and proper locking
Check all wiring, control and isolating devices, terminal connections, etc.
vacuum
compressed air
water or steam spray (opposite to the air flow direction)
During the application the water / steam / air pressure should not exceed 5 Bar.
To clean the cooling coil at the hygienic air handling units, the coil can be reached from both
sides by taking out the droplet eliminator from the service door by disassembling the by-pass sheet
metal. With the same principle as theres no droplet eliminator, the heating coil can be cleaned
by reaching both sides from the service doors.
If it is required to withdraw the coil for cleaning and repairing, proceed as follows:
-
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G-2
G-3
G-4
25 Pa
40 Pa
50 Pa
G-4
F-5
F-6
F-7
F-8
65 Pa
55 Pa
60 Pa
115 Pa
165 Pa
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Synthetic bag filter can be cleaned by vacuumed or compressed air besides can be washed with the
sensitive detergent and warm water.
D) Humidifier sections
Humidifier should be cleaned regularly. The period changes according to the operating
conditions, air specifications and water quality. During periodic maintenance of humidifier,
checks mentioned in its own manual should be performed.
E) Sound Attenuators
Sound attenuators can be taken out from the service door by unscrewing the components from
the top and bottom panels. Attenuators can be cleaned by vacuumed or compressed air.
F) General
Periodic checks should be made for thermal and acoustic lining and electrical insulation of the
unit sections. Also connecting cables and control panels should be checked. Any metal surface
which shows signs of deterioration should be cleaned.
Bols, nuts and other assembling elements should be checked. Any missing bolts, nuts and screws
should be replaced.
To clean the damper compressed air can be used. Do not lubricate the shaft of the damper.
Impurities on the droplet eliminator blades should be cleaned regularly. The period changes
according to the operating conditions and the air quality. As cleaning media any de-scaler
available on the market can be used.
For the best cleaning process of the droplet eliminator at the hygienic air handling units it should
be taken out from the unit and disassembled by unscrewing.
To clean the inner surface of the unit (after necessary components taken out) water / steam spray
and cotton or directly wet cotton can be used by wiping.
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CAUTION: Dont use hammer or puller to remove the pulley. Dont change pulleys without written
consent of KLS; otherwise we take no responsibility for the consequences.
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20
124420
61810
40940
30500
24240
20070
17080
14850
9630
7020
5460
25
111000
55000
36330
27000
21400
17660
15000
13000
8330
6000
4600
45
81680
39940
26020
19070
14890
12110
10120
8630
5150
3410
2370
50
77190
37600
24400
17800
13840
11200
9310
7900
4600
2950
1960
60
69890
33740
21700
15670
12060
9650
7920
6630
3620
2110
1210
NOTE : It is not advisable to use relubrication intervals more than of 30000 hours.
If the fan works in particular conditions, relubrication intervals have to be corrected concerning
the temperature and surrounding factors, according to the following formula:
.A.O.S.B. 10008 Sokak No:5 35620 ili ZMR TRKYE
TEL: 00 90 232 328 10 00
FAX: 00 90 232 328 10 80
www.klsklima.com.tr
26/32
70
1
80
0.6
90
0.35
100
0.2
110
0.12
120
0.07
130
0.04
Surround factor kS considers in particular the external influences such as humidity, shocks and
vibrations
GREASE STRESS
Low
Medium
High
SURROUNDING FACTOR, kS
0.8
0.5
0.2
RELUBRICATION PROCEDURES
- If the relubrication intervals are shorter than 6 months, then it is recommended that the grease
fill in the bearing arrangement be replenished at intervals corresponding to 0.5 times the
relubrication intervals., the complete grease fill should be replaced after three replenishment at
the latest.
- If the relubrication intervals are longer than 6 months it is recommended that all used grease
be removed from the bearing arrangement and replaced by fresh grease.
- The 6 months limit represents a very rough guideline recommendation and may be adapted to
particular applications.
REPLENISHMENT
By adding small quantities of fresh grease intervals the used grease in the bearing arrangement
will be partially replaced.
Suitable quantities to be added are calculated by the following formula and are listed on
following table.
G = 0.005 x D x B
G = Grease quantity to be added when replenishing (g)
D = bearing outside diameter (mm)
B = total bearing width (mm)
27/32
FRAME
CONTRUCTION
TYPE
K2
FAN SIZE
250
G
3.9
280
315
d
25
FAN SIZE
560
630
G
d
17.4 50
G
5.6
355
400
d
30
710
800
G
d
23.1
60
G
6.8
450
500
d
35
G
8.4
560
630
710
800
d
40
G
9.9
900
1000
d
50
G
13.2
d
60
900
1000
G
d
33.6
60
10- TROUBLESHOOTING
Before checking the fan system, it will be necessary to shut down the fan. During inspection, the
unit must be isolated electrically and all disconnected switches and other controls must be locked
in the off position. Also, a prominent DO NOT START sign should be placed on control panel.
To find out the problem is an important step to correct it. By following the procedures outlined in
this section, cause of the problem should be found.
Procedure for troubleshooting:
a) Look at the troubleshooting chart to find the problem. Check probable causes.
b) If the cause of the problem can not be found proceed through the system checklist
c) If the problem still can not be solved, it is recommended to contact the unit manufacturer
System checklist
A systematic check of items listed below may identify the problem. See that:
a) Impeller rotation is correct
b) Pulley are aligned
c) Belts are not loose or too tight
d) Belts and/or pulley are not worn.
.A.O.S.B. 10008 Sokak No:5 35620 ili ZMR TRKYE
TEL: 00 90 232 328 10 00
FAX: 00 90 232 328 10 80
www.klsklima.com.tr
28/32
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SYMPTOMS
POSSIBLE CAUSE
NOISE
Damaged impeller
Damaged inlet ring
Impeller not centered on shaft
Shaft loose in bearing
Impeller loose on shaft
Belts too loose
Belts too tight
Belts wrong section
Belts worn
Belts oily or dirty
Belts length different (multibelt
drives)
Drive systems hits drive guard
Fan, motor or motor base
fixing bolts loose
Pulleys misaligned.
Variable speed pulleys not
adjusted so each groove has
different diameter.
Fan shaft bent
Motor bearings damaged
Loose on support
Loose on shaft
Bearings worn or damaged
Bearings need lubrication
Foreign material inside bearing
Corrosion between shaft and
bearings
Ductwork undersized for
application
Fan size is too small for
application
Coil with insufficient face area
Registers and/or grilles
undersized for application
Worn or damaged impeller
Unbalanced impeller
Foreign material in fan housing
or inside the unit
Vibrating ductwork
Vibrating casing parts
Vibrating parts not isolated
from building
Obstruction in dampers,
registers, grilles
Leaks in casing and ductworks
Sharp elbows
Noise from
bearings
Noise from
impeller
Vibration
Rattling/whistling
Sudden expansion or
reduction in ductwork
Change impeller
Balance impeller
Clean fan housing
Stiffen ductwork
Isolate vibrating parts properly
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SYMPTOM
POSSIBLE CAUSE
NO AIR FLOW
Motor is not
running
Current is not
reaching motor
Current available
to motor
Motor is running
but no air flow
High leakage on
pressure side of
the system
HIGH AIR FLOW
HEATING COIL
No heating
HEATING COIL
Low heating
Heating mains is
cold
Heating fluid flow
rate is low
Tighten impeller
Change or clean filters
Change or clean coils
Correct fan rotation, check that
impeller is properly installed
Tighten belts, clean the grease
Check duct pressure losses and duct
design
Adjust dampers/register for required air
flow conditions
Consult manufacturer to check
whether drive system is properly
selected or not
Check access doors and duct joints.
Seal leaks. Complete duct system.
Close balancing dampers or slow down
fan by changing pulleys
Check access doors and duct joints.
Seal leaks. Complete duct system
Consult manufacturer to check
whether drive system is properly
selected or not
Motor overloads. Check current drawn
by motor
Install registers/grilles
Install filters
Regulate on dampers
Pump failure. Thermostat failure. Time
clock error. Fuel blockage.
Blockage in coil or pipes
Thermostat failure, valve motor failure
Circuit valves are closed.
Thermostats should be adjusted. Boiler
power is in adequate
Pumping power is not sufficient.
Pipe sizing is not correct. Blockage in
coil.
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SYMPTOM
AIR WASHER
Low humidifying
COOLING COIL
No cooling
Cooling fluid
temperature is
high
Insufficient
coolant flow
Cooling coil is
partially frozen
No cooling
ELECTRONIC
STEAM
HUMIDIFIER
No humidifying
ELECTRONC
STEAM
HUMIDIFIER
Low humidifying
Chilled water
isolating valves
are closed
No air flow
Faulty
thermostatic gear
Safety devices
stops compressor
POSSIBLE CAUSE
Safety devices
stops compressor
Electronic power
failure
Heater elements
faulty
Humidistat setting
is not correct
Water is not
available in
cylinder
Heater elements
faulty
Control fault
Steam cylinder
and heating
elements are
scaled
Faulty thermostat
gear
Steam supply rate
is low
32/32
Low heat
SYMPTOMS
Power is not
available at
controller
Power available
at controller
Element failure
Thermostat set is
too low
POSSIBLE CAUSE