M. Tech.

(FLUIDS ENGINEERING)

Course Structure,
Scheme of Evaluation
&

Syllabi
(Proposed to be Effective from July 2013)

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED MECHANICS

MOTILAL NEHRU NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY ALLAHABAD, U.P. -211004, INDIA

M.Tech. (Fluids Engineering)

I Semester (Total Credits = 20):
Course
Code

AM2101
AM2102
AM21XX
AM21XX
AM21XX

Subject Name

Continuum Mechanics
Applied Mathematics & Computation
Elective-I
Elective-II
Elective-III

Credits

4
4
4
4
4

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

4
4
4
4
4

Distribution of
Marks out of 100
TA Mid End
Sem. Sem.
Exam Exam
20
20
60
20
20
60
20
20
60
20
20
60
20
20
60

List of Electives (Semester I):

Elective-I:
AM2113 Advanced Fluid Mechanics
AM2126 Design of Hydraulic Turbines.
AM2128 Convective Heat Transfer.
Elective-II:
AM2127 Aerodynamics.
AM2131 Wind Engineering.
ME2138 Gas Turbine and Jet Propulsion.

Elective-III:
AM2130 Research Methodology.
AM2129 Design of Experiments.
AM2132 Multiphase Flow.

II Semester (Total Credits = 20):

Course
Code

AM2205
AM2206
AM22XX
AM22XX
AM22XX

Subject Name

Credits

Turbulence
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Elective-IV
Elective-V
Elective-VI

4
4
4
4
4

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

4
4
4
4
4

Distribution of
Marks out of 100
TA Mid End
Sem. Sem.
Exam Exam
20
20
60
20
20
60
20
20
60
20
20
60
20
20
60

List of Electives (Semester II):

Elective-IV:
Elective-VI:
Fluids Engineering Laboratory (L-T-P: 0-0AM2253
AM2230 Industrial Aerodynamics.
6)
Condition Monitoring, Diagnosis
AM2219 Fluid-Structure Interaction.
AM2232 and Predictive Maintenance of
Pumps.
AM2229 Boundary Layer Theory.
ME2235 Advanced Gas Dynamics.
AM2235 Design of Pipe Networks.
AM2228 Design of Impeller Pumps.
Elective-V:
ME2243 Thermo-Fluid Dynamics.
AM2233 Design of Heat Exchangers.
AM2231 Bio-Fluid Dynamics.
AM2234 River Engineering.

III Semester (Total Credits = 20):

S. No.

AM2395
AM2396

Subject Name
Special Study/Term Project/State of the Art/Colloquium
Thesis/Project

Credits
4
16

IV Semester (Total Credits = 20):

S. No.

AM2496

Subject Name
Thesis/Project

Note: The distribution of thesis evaluation marks will be as follows:

1. Supervisor(s) evaluation component: 60%
2. Oral Board evaluation component: 40%

Credits
20

Semester-I
AM2101 Continuum Mechanics
4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Introduction and Mathematical Preliminaries: Index notation, range and summation convention,
free and dummy indices, Kronecker delta, Levi-Civita symbol, co-ordinate transformations, Cartesian
tensor, properties of tensors, tensors as linear operators, invariants of tensor, eigen values and eigen
vectors, polar decomposition, scalar, vector and tensor functions, comma notation, gradient of a scalr,
gradient of a vector, divergence and curl of a tensor, integral theorems of vectors and tensors. Notion
of a continuum, configuration, mass and density, descriptions of motion, material and spatial
coordinates.
Kinematics of Deformation and Motion: Deformation gradient tensor, stretch and rotation, right
and left Cauchy-Green deformation tensors, Eulerian and Lagrangian strain tensors, straindisplacement relations, infinitesimal strain tensor, infinitesimal stretch and rotation, compatibility
conditions, principal strains and strain deviator, material and local time derivatives, stretching and
vorticity, path lines, stream lines, vortex lines, Reynolds transport theorem, circulation and vorticity.
Forces and Stresses: Body and surface forces, Cauchy Stress Tensor, First and Second PiolaKirchhoff Stress Tensor, Deviatoric and Pressure Components, Principal Stress.
Fundamental Balance Laws of Continuum Mechanics: Balance of Mass Continuity Equation;
Balance of Linear Momentum Equations of Motion / Equilibrium Equations; Moments of
Momentum (Angular Momentum); Balance of Energy - First Law of Thermodynamics, Energy
Equation; Equations of State Entropy, Second Law of Thermodynamics; Clausius-Duhem
Inequality, Dissipation Functions
Constitutive Relations and Material Models: Constitutive Assumptions; Ideal Fluids; Elastic
Fluids, Hyperelastic Material; Notion of Isotropy; Isothermal Elasticity - Thermodynamic
Restrictions, Material Frame Indifference, Material Symmetry; Hookes law, Stokes problem and
Newtonian fluids.
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Lawrence E. Malvern, Introduction to the Mechanics of a Continuous Medium, Prentice Hall Inc.
An Introduction to Continuum Mechanics: Morton M. Gurtin, Academic Press.
Introduction to Continuum Mechanics for Engineers: Ray M. Bowen, Plenum Press.
G. Thomas Mase and George E. Mase, Continuum mechanics for engineers, CRC Press.
Theory and Problems of Continuum Mechanics: George E. Mase, Schaums Outline Series
McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Nonlinear Continuum Mechanics for Finite Element Analysis: J. Bonet and R. D. Wood,
Cambridge University Press.
Han Chin Wu, Continuum mechanics and plasticity, Chapman and Hall.

AM2102 Applied Mathematics and Computation

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Review of Elementary Engineering Mathematics: Solution of homogeneous and non-homogeneous
equations; Power series; Laplace transform and its applications; Fourier series and Fourier transform.
Linear Algebra: Matrices and Linear Transformations, Operational Fundamentals of Linear
Algebra, Systems of Linear Equations, Gauss Elimination Family of Methods, Special Systems and
Special Methods, Numerical Aspects in Linear Systems, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors,
Diagonalization and Similarity Transformations, Jacobi and Givens Rotation Methods, Tri-diagonal
Matrices, QR Decomposition Method, Eigenvalue Problem of General Matrices, Singular Value
Decomposition, Direct and Iterative solvers.
Ordinary Differential Equations: Introduction to ordinary differential equations, homogeneous
linear equations of second order, non-homogeneous linear equations of second order, free and forced
oscillation problems, problems with variable coefficients, system of equations.
Partial Differential Equations (PDEs): Existence and uniqueness of differential equations, nature of
solution, Hyperbolic, Parabolic and Elliptic PDEs, nonlinear PDEs.
Nonlinear Equations: Motivation, Open and braketing method, Bisection, Fixed point, Newtons
method, Secant and False position method, Rate of convergence, Merits and demerits of methods.
Numerical Integration: Motivation, Newton-Kotes method, Trapezoidal rule, Simpsons rule,
Rhomberg integration, Gauss Quadrature.
Initial Value Problem: Motivation, Eulers method, Modified Euler method, Runge-Kutta methods,
Adaptive integrations and multistep methods.
Boundary-value and Eigen-value Problem: Methods and Applications in Mechanics.

References
1. Numerical Methods in Engineering, M. Salvadori, Prentice Hall International, 1961.
2. Applied Numerical Methods, B. Carnahan, Krieger Pub, 1990.
3.

Applied Numerical Analysis, C.F. Gerald and P.O. Wheatley, 5th edition, Addison-Wesley,
1998.

4. Numerical Mathematics & Computing, W. Cheney and D. Kincaid, 5th edition, Brooks/Cole,
2004.
5. Applied Partial Differential Equations, Paul DuChateau and David Zachmann.
6. Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and Engineers, Stanley J. Farlow.
7. Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations, William F. Ames.
8. Numerical Methods for Elliptic and Parabolic Partial Differential Equations, John R
Levison, Peter Knabner, Lutz Angermann .

AM2113 Advanced Fluid Mechanics

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Basic Conservation & Governing Laws: Statistical & continuum methods, Eulerian &
Lagrangian coordinates, material derivatives, control volumes, Reynolds transport theorem (RTT),
conservation of mass, momentum and energy, constitutive equations, Navier-Stokes equationsdifferential & intergral approach, energy equations, governing equations for Newtonian fluids,
boundary conditions.
Potential Flows: Stokes stream functions, solution of potential equation, flow in a sector, flow
around a sharp edge, flow near a blunt nose force and moment on a circular cylinder and sphere,
conformal transformations, Joukowski transformations, Elements of airfoil and wing theory.
Viscous Incompressible Flows: Exact solutions for Couette flow, Poiseuille flow, flow between
rotating cylinders, Stokes first problem, Stokes second problem, pulsating flow between parallel
surfaces, stagnation-point flow, flow in convergent and divergent channels, flow over porous wall.
Stokes approximation, rotating sphere in a fluid, uniform flow past a sphere and cylinder, Ossens
approximation, Hele-Shaw flow.
Introduction to Boundary Layer: D e r i v a t i o n o f boundary layer equation, How potential
flow complements B.L. equation, Integral solution of B.L., Laminar and turbulent boundary layers;
transition; B.L. separation and control.
Introduction to Compressible Flow: Velocity of sound and its importance, physical difference
between incompressible, subsonic and supersonic flows, Mach number and its significance.
Applications to subsonic, transonic and supersonic flows around a two-dimensional aerofoil.
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7.
8.

Fundamental Mechanics of Fluids, I. G. Currie.

Foundations of Fluid Mechanics, S.W. Yuan, Prentice-Hall India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.
Advanced Fluid Mechanics, K. Muralidhar & G. Biswas, Narosa Publishing, 2005.
Boundary Layer Theory, H. Schlichting, 6th Edition, McGraw-Hill Inc., 1986.
Modern Compressible Flow with Historical Perspective, John D. Anderson, McGraw Hill.
Fundamentals of Aerodynamics (2nd ed), J. D. Anderson, McGraw Hill.
Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, B.R. Munson, D.F. Young & T.H. Okiishi, 2nd Ed.,
John Wiley.
9. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, R.W. Fox & A.T. McDonald, 5th Edition, John Wiley,
2001.
10. Viscous Fluid Flow, F. M. White, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1991.

AM2126 Design of Hydraulic Turbines

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
Hydropower plants: Types, main components. Plant load factor, load duration curve, installed capacity,
firm power, secondary power, and load prediction.
Penstocks and Water Hammer: Types of penstocks and their design criteria, Economical diameter of
penstock, Valves, Bends, Manifolds, Effect of Water-hammer in penstock, Surge tanks.
Introduction to Hydraulic Turbines: Definition of head, discharge, power and efficiency of hydraulic
turbines and hydro-unit. Classification based on head, specific speed, degree of reaction and direction of
flow. Energy losses in turbines. Eulers energy equation, blade surface equation.
Impulse Turbines: Energy conversion in Pelton turbine, design parameters, design of turbine runner,
nozzle, spear.
Reaction(Francis)Turbines: Classification, flow in runner, design parameters, determination of
meridional flow, one-dimensional method of designing runner blades, relationship between the shape of
blades and two-dimensional flow within runners. Blade designing in potential and rotational meridional
flow. Draft tube- design and application. Deriaz turbine.
Reaction (Axial Flow) Turbines: Major definitions and relations concerning the flow within a runner,
design parameters, flow upstream and downstream of the runner, determination of velocity triangles at
inlet and outlet of the runner. Airfoil method of blade designing cascade analysis and its performance,
loss mechanism, blade profiles, forces acting on blades.
Cavitation in Hydraulic Turbine: Condition, types, consequences, remedy. Turbine cavitation
coefficient, NPSH. Similarity laws in cavitating flows. Method of cavitation investigation in hydraulic
turbines at laboratories and hydropower plants.
Turbine Performance Characteristics: Main characteristics and operating characteristics, isoefficiency characteristics, Determination of major prototype turbine parameters on the basis of model
characteristic curves. Derivation of the complete characteristics of prototype turbine. Distorted model,
scale effect and efficiency.
Suggested Readings:
1. Water Power Engineering, H.K. Barrows, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.
2. Hydropower Structures, R.S. Varshney, Nemchand & Brothers, Roorkee (U.P.), 1992.
3. Hydraulic Turbines (Volume I and II), V. V. Barlit, MACT- Bhapal, 1969.
4. Hydraulic Machines, Jagdish Lal, Metropolitan Book Co., Delhi.
5. Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery, 4th Edition,, S.L.Dixon,
Butterworth and Heinemann, 1998.
6. Hydraulic Turbine, M. Nechleba, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 1957.

AM2127 Aerodynamics
4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Introduction to Aerodynamics: Hot air balloon and aircrafts, Various types of airplanes, Wings and
airfoils, lift and Drag, Centre of pressure and aerodynamic centre, Coefficient of pressure, moment
coefficient, Continuity and Momentum equations, Point source and sink, doublet, Free and Forced
Vortex, Uniform parallel flow, combination of basic flows, Pressure and Velocity distributions on
bodies with and without circulation in ideal and real fluid flows, Magnus effect.
Incompressible Flow Theory: Conformal Transformation, Kutta condition, Karman Trefftz
profiles, Thin aerofoil Theory and its applications. Vortex line, Horse shoe vortex, Biot - Savart law,
lifting line theory .
Compressible Flow Theory: Compressibility, Isentropic flow through nozzles, shocks and expansion
waves, Rayleigh and Fanno Flow, Potential equation for compressible flow, small perturbation
theory, Prandtl- Glauert Rule, Linearised supersonic flow, Method of characteristics .
Airfoils, Wings and Airplane configuration in High Speed Flows: Critical Mach number, Drag
divergence Mach number, Shock stall, super critical airfoils, Transonic area rule, Swept wings (ASW and
FSW), supersonic airfoils, wave drag, delta wings, Design considerations for supersonic airplanes.
Viscous Flow and Flow Measurements: Basics of viscous flow theory Boundary Layer
Displacement, momentum and Energy Thickness Laminar and Turbulent boundary layers Boundary
layer over flat plate Blasius Solution - Types of wind tunnels Flow visualization processes
Measurement of force and moments in wind tunnels.
Suggested Readings:
1. J.D. Anderson, Fundamentals of Aerodynamics, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1985.
2. Rathakrishnan.E., Gas Dynamics, Prentice Hall of India, 1995.
3. Shapiro, A.H., Dynamics & Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow, Ronald Press, 1982.
4. E.L. Houghton and N.B. Caruthers, Aerodynamics for Engineering Students, Edward Arnold
Publishers Ltd., London (First Indian Edition), 1988
5. Zucrow, M.J., and Anderson, J.D., Elements of gas dynamics McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York,
1989.
6. W.H. Rae and A. Pope, Low speed Wind Tunnel Testing, John Wiley Publications, 1984.

AM2128 Convective Heat Transfer

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Introduction: Physical origins and rate equations, Governing equations, units and dimensions, concepts
of thermal boundary layer, displacement thickness, momentum thickness and energy thickness.
Laminar External flow and heat transfer: Blasius Solution, Temperature distribution over a flat plate
boundary layer, Falkner-Skan and Eckert solutions, flow with transpiration, solutions for flow over an
isothermal flat plate, flat plate with constant heat flux and with varying surface temperature, flows with
pressure gradient.
Laminar internal flow and heat transfer: Exact solutions to NavierStokes Equations, Fully
developed forced convection in pipes, Forced convection in the thermal entrance region of ducts and
channels, heat transfer in the combined entrance region, Integral method for internal flows with different
wall boundary conditions.
Natural Convection heat transfer: Governing equations for natural convection, Boussinesq
approximation, Dimensional Analysis, Similarity solutions for Laminar flow past a vertical, Integral
method for natural convection flow past vertical plate, effects of inclination, Natural convection in
enclosures, mixed convection heat transfer past vertical plate and in enclosures.
Turbulent convection: Governing equations, Turbulence Models, Turbulent flow and heat transfer
across flat plate and circular tube, Turbulent natural convection heat transfer, Empirical correlations for
different configurations.
Suggested Readings:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Incropera F P and Dewitt D, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley.
Kays W M and Crawford M E, "Convective Heat and Mass Transfer",McGraw Hill.
Bejan A, Convection Heat Transfer, John Wiley
Schlichting H., " Boundary Layer Theory ", Sixth edition, McGraw Hill.

AM2129 Design of Experiments

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Introduction to Design of Experiments
Strategy of Experimentation, applications of Experimental Design, Basic Principles, Guidelines for DoE.
Basic Statistical Methods
Sampling and Sampling Distributions, Randomized Designs, Paired Comparison Designs, Inferences
About the mean and Variances of Normal Distributions.
Analysis of Variance
The Analysis of Variance, Analysis of the Fixed Effects Model, Model Adequacy Checking, Practical
Interpretation of Results, Determining Sample Size, The Random Effects Model, The Regression
Approach to the Analysis of Variance, Nonparametric Methods in the Analysis of Variance.
Experiments with Blocking Factors
The Randomized Complete Block Design, The Latin Square Design, The Graeco-Latin Square Design,
Balanced Incomplete Block Designs.
Factorial Experiments
Basic Definitions and Principles, The Advantage of Factorials, The Two-Factor Factorial Design, The
General Factorial Design, Fitting Response Curves and Surfaces, Blocking in a Factorial Design.
Two-Level Factorial Designs
The 22 Design, The 23 Design, The General 2k Design, A Single Replicate of the 2k Design, Unreplicated
2k Design, Addition of Center Points to the 2k Design.
Blocking and Confounding Systems for Two-Level Factorials
Blocking a Replicated 2k Factorial Design, Confounding in the 2k Factorial Design, Confounding the 2k,
Factorial Design in Two Blocks.
Two-Level Fractional Factorial Designs
The One-Half Fraction of the 2k Design, The One-Quarter Fraction of the 2k Design, The General 2k-p
Fractional Factorial Design
Regression Modeling
Linear Regression Models, Estimation of the Parameters in Linear Regression Models, Hypothesis
Testing in Multiple Regression, Confidence Intervals in Multiple Regression, Prediction of New
Response Observations, Regression Model Diagnostics, Testing for Lack of Fit
Response Surface Methodology
Introduction to Response Surface Methodology, The Method of Steepest Ascent, Analysis of a SecondOrder Response Surface, Experimental Designs for Fitting Response Surfaces, Experiments with
Computer Models
Random Effects Models
Random Effects Models, The Two-Factor Factorial with Random Factors, The Two-Factor Mixed
Model, Sample Size Determination with Random Effects, Rules for Expected Mean Squares,
Approximate F Tests.
Other Topics
Nonnormal Responses and Transformations, Unbalanced Data in a Factorial Design, The Analysis of
Covariance, Repeated Measures.
Suggested Readings:
Design and Analysis of Experiments, Douglas C. Montgomery, 8th Edition, Wiley.
Design and Analysis of Experiments (Springer Texts in Statistics), Angela M. Dean, Daniel Voss
Experiments: Planning, Analysis, and Optimization (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics) C. F. Jeff
Wu, Michael S. Hamada
Statistical Design and Analysis of Experiments, with Applications to Engineering and Science, Robert L.
Mason, Richard F. Gunst, James L. Hess
Statistical Design and Analysis of Experiments (Classics in Applied Mathematics No 22. ) Peter W. M.
John
Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery George Box
Designing Experiments and Analyzing Data: A Model Comparison Perspective, Second Edition by
Maxwell and Delaney
The Design of Experiments Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher
Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists, Jiju Antony.

AM2130 Research Methodology

Course Code: AM

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)

Introduction: A quick glance on research, Conceptualizing a research design Reviewing the literature
Formulating a Research Problem: Identifying variables, Constructing hypotheses, Establishing the
validity and reliability, Constructing an instrument for data collection, Measurement and Scaling
Techniques, Sampling Fundamentals, Methods of Data Collection, Defining the Research Problem
Developing a research plan and writing and presenting a research proposal (Mid-sem Exam).
Experimentation:
Processing data: Analysing Data, Analysis of Variance and Covariance,Testing of Hypotheses,
Multivariate Analysis Techniques, Chisquare Test, Displaying data.
Research methodology and practice evaluation
Writing and presentation of a research report (End Sem Exam).
Suggested Readings:
Research Methodology: Methods And Techniques, C R Kothari.

AM2131 Wind Engineering

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
.
Introduction to wind engineering: Wind climates and wind-induced phenomena, extreme wind
climatology. Atmospheric boundary layer: Governing equations, mean velocity profiles, power law,
logarithmic law wind speeds, atmospheric turbulence profiles, general characteristics of atmospheric
turbulence, spatio-temporal expressions of wind fluctuations, spatio-temporal scales of fluctuations,
spectral density function, length scale of turbulence, roughness parameters.
Bluff body aerodynamics: flow around bluff bodies and pressure distributions, governing equations,
boundary layers and flow separations, wake and vortex formation, Strouhal number, Reynolds number,
flow separation and reattachments, oscillatory flow patterns, vortex shedding, flow switching Time
varying forces to wind velocity in turbulent flow and its three-dimensional structures.Sstatic wind forces
and dynamic wind forces, quasi-steady assumption and fluctuating wind pressures, motion-induced
forces and aerodynamic damping, wind force correlation and wind force combination.
Structural dynamics: human comfort and habitability of buildings to vibrations, damping in buildings
and sophisticated evaluation techniques, suppression of wind-induced vibrations.
Aeroelastic phenomena: Vortex shedding and lock in phenomena in turbulent flows, across wind
galloping, wake galloping - Torsional divergence, along wind galloping of circular cables, cross
wind galloping of circular cables, wind loads and their effects on tall structures.
Wind loading: Introduction, analysis and synthesis loading coefficients, local & global coefficients
pressure shear stress coefficients, force and moment coefficients. Assessment methods, quasi steady
method, peak factor method, extreme value method.
Wind tunnel and its full-scale testing, simulation techniques in wind tunnels.
Tornado wind and its effects on structures, microburst and its effects on structures, ASCE7 standard
provisions.
Aerodynamics of wind turbines, wind-induced cable vibration.
Suggested Readings:
1. Wind Effects on Structures: Fundamentals and Applications to Design by Simiu and Scanlan,
, 3rd Ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1996.
2. Building Aerodynamics by Tom Lawson, Imperial College Press, London, 2001.
3. Aerodynamics and drag mechanisms of bluff bodies and road vehicles, M.Sovran (Ed),
Plenum press, New York, 1978.
4. Winds forces in engineering by P. Sachs, Pergamon Press, 1978.
5. Flow induced vibrations by R.D. Blevins, Van Nostrand, 1990.
6. Wind Power Principles by N.G. Calvent, Charles Griffin & Co., London, 1979.
7. Car Aerodynamics by Hucho,
8. Design Guides to wind loading of buildings structures ( Part I & II) by N J Cook,
Butterworths, London, 1985.
9. ASCE/SEI 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.
10. IS: 875 (1987) Part III Wind loads, Indian Standards for Building codes.

AM2132 Multiphase Flow

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Introduction to Multiphase Flow: History of multiphase flow investigation, Multiphase Flow in
Engineering, Parameters, characterizing multiphase flow.
Classification of Multiphase Flow: Flow Patterns (Solid-Liquid, Solid-Gas, Gas- Liquid), Dispersed
flow, intermittent flow, Separated flow.
Basic Equation: Mass, momentum and energy conservations, Constitutive law.
Cavitation Phenomena: Homogeneous flow, Bubbly flow, Separated flow, Intermittent flow,
Inception and Cavitation Nuclei, Bubble Dynamics, Developing Process of Cavitation, Cavitation
Characteristics.
Numerical Methods for Complex Multiphase Flow: Mathematical Modeling- Homogeneous flow
model, Drift-flux model, Two-fluid model, Void fraction and pressure drop estimation, Homogeneous
flow model, Separated Flow model. Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Analysis of Gas-Liquid
Two-Phase Flow. Numeical Simulation of Cavitating Flow.
Wave propagation, Flow instability, Flow pattern transition, Ledinegg type flow instability.
Special topic on multi-phase flow with phase change phenomena, study of solar based desalination still.
Slurry Pumps: Design & uses. Transportation of floids through pipelines.
Recent advancement in multiphase flow.
Suggested Readings:
1. Multiphase Fluid Flow Theory & Practice, F.G. Hammitt, McGraw-Hill Inc., NY, 1980.
2. The Flow of Complex Mixtures in Pipes, G.W. Govier & K. Aziz, Van Nostrand Reinhold
Co., NY, 1972.

ME2138 Gas Turbines and Jet Propulsion

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
Review of Gas Dynamics: Physical difference between incompressible, subsonic and supersonic
flows, three reference speeds, dimensionless velocity, concepts of static and stagnation parameters.
Pressure waves, finite, shock and detonation waves, compound waves, Analysis of piston excited
waves, shock tubes, one-dimensional isentropic flow, normal shocks, Rayleigh flow, Fanno flow.
Gas Turbine Outline: Review of Thermodynamic principles, Gas turbine cycles, main components of
Gas turbine power plants, performance characteristics, typical Gas Turbine Plants. Methods of
improving efficiency and power output of gas turbine plants.
Design considerations of Centrifugal and axial flow compressors.
Types of Gas turbine plants and their theory of operation, design consideration of gas turbine plants.
Detailed study of main systems of gas turbine plants.
Selection of materials of Gas turbine components. Trouble shooting, maintenance and actual
performance evaluation of gas turbine plants. Recent development of gas turbine plants.
Jet Propulsion Outline: Basic theory of Jet & rocket propulsion devices and historical development.
Types of various jet propulsion plants like air screw, turboprop, turbojet, Ram jet, pulse jet, rocket
propulsion, etc. and their comparative study.
Performance study of various jet propulsion devices from ideal and practical consideration.
Study and design considerations of main components of jet propulsion plants. Thrust augmentation
devices and their thermodynamic analysis.
Combustion performance, products of combustion and their properties. Recent advances in jet
propulsion and Rocket propulsion devices.
Suggested Readings:
1. Gas Dynamics, E. Rathakrishnan, Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi, 2002.
2. Compressible Fluid Flow, M.A. Saad, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1985.
3. The Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow (2 volumes), A. H. Shapiro,
The Ronald Press, New York, 1953.
4. Gas Turbine Fundamentals, Cohen, Rogers and Saravanamutto, Pearson Education.
5. Jet Propulsion, Jack D. Mattingly, McGraw Hill Inc.
6. Gas Turbines, V. Ganeshan, Tata-McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
7. Gas Turbines, R. Yadav.

Semester-II
AM2205 Turbulence
4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
Introduction: Flow instability and transition to turbulence, Nature of Turbulence, Indicial notation for
tensors, Fourier transforms and Parsevals theorem.
Governing Equations of Turbulence:
Eulerian, Lagrangian and Fourier descriptions of turbulence:
Statistical description of turbulence: Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations, Reynolds stress
evolution equations.
Kolmogorovs Hypothesis: Diffusivity of turbulence and turbulence length scale.
Filtered Description of Turbulence: Bridging methods and large eddy simulation (LES).
Turbulent Free Shear Flows: Free Shear Flows- jet flows including heat transfer- 2D flows, wall jet
and plane jets, its structure; turbulent jets, turbulent mixing layer and buoyancy effects- its structure;
turbulent wake flows, wake of self propelled bodies; wall-bounded shear flows- its structure; boundary
layer flows; thermal plume.
Wall Bounded Turbulent Flows: Turbulent flows in pipes, channels and boundary layers, Law-ofthe-wall, Effects of surface roughness on turbulence.
Development of Turbulent closure models: Boussinesq approximation, Reynolds stress evolution
closures.
Rapid Distortion Theory (RDT) of Turbulence:
Dynamics of Turbulence: Linear Instability Theory, Nonlinear Stability Analysis, Dynamical
Systems, Introduction to Chaos. Vorticity dynamics- Reynolds stress and vorticity, vortex stretching,
mean vorticity equation, kinetics energy and mean flow, kinetic energy of fluctuations, energy cascade,
dissipation, material element deformation, mixing Navier-Stokes equation for turbulent flow, turbulent
energy dissipation equation.
Turbulence modeling: General comments on turbulence models; Method of solving turbulent
equations- Direct numerical simulation (DNS), Large-eddy simulation (LES), Reynolds averaged
Navier-Stokes equation (RANS), k- models. Turbulence models: Eddy viscosity models -zero
equation models (constant eddy viscosity and mixing length models), one equation models, two
equation models; Reynolds stress transport models (RSM). Wall treatments.
Suggested Readings:
1. Turbulent Flows, S.B. Pope, Cambridge University Press, 2000.
2. Turbulence Modeling for CFD David C. Wilcox, DCW Industries, 3rd Edition, 2006.
3. Viscous Fluid Flow, F.M. White, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
4. A First Course in Turbulence, H. Tennekes and J.L. Lumley, The MIT Press, 1972.
5. Turbulence, O. Hinze, McGraw Hill Inc.
6. Turbulent Flow: Analysis, measurement and Prediction, Bernard, P.S., A.D. Wallace, J.M.,
John Wiley & Sons Inc., New Jersey, 2002.
7. Turbulent Flows, Biswas, G. and Eswaran, V. Narosa Publishing, 2002.
8. Turbulent Flows (3rd ed.), Garde, New Age International, New Delhi.

AM2206 Computational Fluid Dynamics

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)

Basic ideas of CFD: Introduction to CFD, role of CFD and its applications, future of CFD.
Governing equations (GEs) of Fluid dynamics: Modeling of flow, control volume concept,
substantial derivative, physical meaning of the divergence of velocity. Continuity equation,
momentum equation, energy equation and its conservation form. Equations for viscous flow
(Navier-Stokes equations), equations for inviscid flow (Euler equation). Different forms of GEs,
initial and boundary conditions.
FVM for Diffusion Problems: FVM for 1D steady state diffusion, 2D steady state diffusion, 3d
steady state diffusion. Solution of discretised equations- TDMA scheme for 2D and 3D flows.
FVM for Convection-Diffusion Problems: FVM for 1D steady state convection-diffusion,
Central differencing scheme, Conservativeness, Boundedness, Transportiveness, Upward
differencing scheme, Hybrid differencing scheme for 2D and 3D convection-diffusion, Power-law
scheme, QUICK scheme.
Solution Algorithm for Pressure-velocity Coupling in Steady Flows: Concept of staggered grid,
SIMPLE, SIMPLER, SIMPLEC, PISO algorithm.
FVM for Unsteady Flows: 1D unsteady heat conduction (Explicit, Crank-Nicolson, fully implicit
schemes), Implicit mecthods for 2D and 3D problems, Discretization of transient convectiondiffusion problems, solution procedure for transient unsteady flow calculations (transient SIMPLE,
transient PISO algorithms).
Grid Generation: General transformation of the equations. Metices and Jacobians. Types of
grids- structured and unstructured grids, grid generation methods- algebraic, differential and hybrid
methods. Coordinate stretching, boundary-fitted coordinate systems. Elliptic and hyperbolic grid
generation methods, orthogonal grid generation for Navier-Stokes equations, Multi-block grid
generation.
Suggested Readings:
1. An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics: the Finite Volume Method, H.K. Versteeg and
W. Malalasekara, 2nd edition, Pearson Education, England, 2007.
2. Computational Fluid Dynamics for Engineers B. Andersson & others, 1st edition, Cambridge
University Press, U.K., 2012.
3. Computational Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer (2nd edition), K. Muralidhar and T. Sundararajan,
Narosa Publishing, 2004.
4. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, S.V. Patankar, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1980.
5. Principles of Computational Fluid Dynamics, P. Wesseling, Springer-Verlag.
6. Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics Volume I & II (2nd edition), C.A.J. Fletcher,
Springer-Verlag, 1991.
7. Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer (2nd edition), J.C. Tannehill, D.A. Anderson
and R.H. Pletcher, Taylor and Francis, 1997.
8. Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows (Vols. I & II), C. Hirsch, Wiley
International, 1988.
9. Computational Fluid Dynamics for Engineers (Vols. I & II), K. Hoffmann and S. T. Chiang,
Engineering Education System, 1993.

AM2253 Fluids Engineering Laboratory

0(L) 0(T) 6(P) 4(Cr)

Experimentation on viscous flow over a bluff bodies (external flow problem).

Experimentation on viscous flow through channel/tunnel (internal flow problem).

Experimentation on round jet.

Experimentation on performance evaluation of Centrifugal pump.

Experimentation on performance evaluation of a hydraulic turbine.

CFD analysis of an external flow problem.

CFD analysis of an internal flow problem.

CFD analysis of an unsteady flow problem.

N.B.

OpenFOAM software- a freeware may be used for CFD analysis.

Suggested Readings:
1. Instrumentation, Measurements & Experiments Fluids, E. Rathakrishnan, CRC Press, NY,
2007.
2. Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Testing, A. Pope and J.J. Harper, John Wiley & Sons Inc., NY,
1966.
3. Experimental Methods for Engineers, J.P. Holman, McGraw-Hill Inc., NY, 2001.
4. Design & Analysis of Experiments, D.C. Montgomery, Wiley, 7th ed., 2009.
5. An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics: the Finite Volume Method, H.K. Versteeg
and W. Malalasekara, 2nd edition, Pearson Education, England, 2007.
6. Computational Fluid Dynamics for Engineers B. Andersson & others, 1st edition, Cambridge
University Press, U.K., 2012.
7. OpenFOAM software- A freeware for CFD analysis.

AM2228 Design of Impeller Pumps

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)

Introduction: Classification of pumps, layout of rotodynamic pumps, head, discharge, power and
efficiencies. Dimensional analysis, non-dimensional parameters, condition of similarity, specific speed
and its significance. Elements of pumps- impeller, casings, diffusers etc.
Centrifugal Pumps: Classification, single stage and multi-stage pumps, components, priming, pressure
rise in pumps, cavitation, NPSH, Thomas cavitation factor, axial thrust.
Flow through Impeller: Eulers fundamental equations, theoretical head for an infinite number of
blades, influence of a finite number of blades, pressure and velocity distribution in impeller passages,
influence of circulation in impeller passages, influence of pre-whirl on head, choice of blade outlet angle,
stalling and surging.
Axial & Mixed Flow Pumps: Geometry of the axial flow impeller vanes, experimental design factorsimpeller hub ratio, chord spacing ratio, number of vanes, vane curvature and thickness. Airfoil theory of
vanes. Helical pumps and diagonal pumps.
Impeller Design: Geometrical velocity fields, evolution of impeller shapes, impellers with blades of
single and double curvature, design calculation of the impeller- principal dimensions. Blade design- blade
surface area, blade shape and blade angles, method of determining blade angle for centrifugal and axial
impellers. Relation between overall efficiency and specific speed.
Pump Casing: Flow at the outlet of the impeller, volute casing, volute design for optimum efficiency,
circular volutes. Crossover, diffusion casing and diffusion rings, axial diffusers.
Pump Characteristics: Classification of characteristics, non-dimensional characteristics, pump operation
at off-design conditions, affinity of characteristic curves, iso-efficiency curves, flow conditions
corresponding to the optimum efficiency, influence of flow conditions on pump operation,. Pump in
series and parallel. Matching of pumps to system characteristics; multi-stage pumps. Losses in pumps,
total head-discharge curves.
Pump for special duties: Deepwell pump submersible pump and vertical turbine pump. Storage pump,
turbine pump, boiler-feed pump, circulating pump, condensate pump, non-clog pump, marine pump, selfpriming pump.
Suggested Readings:
1. Impeller Pumps, Stephen Lazarkiewicz and A.T. Troskolanski, Pergamon Press, Warsaw,
1965.
2. Centrifugal and Axial Flow Pumps- Theory, Design and Applications, A. J. Stepanoff, JohnWiley & Sons, 1967.
3. Pumps, Fans and Compressors, A. de Kovats and G. Desmur, Blackie & Son Ltd., Glasgow,
1958.
4. Rotodynamic Pump Design by R.K. Turton,
5. Centrigfugal Pumps & Blowers by A. Church and Jagdish Lal, Metropolitan Book Co., Delhi.
6. Pump Handbook, I.J. Karassic, Tata McGraw Hills Ltd. New Delhi.
7. Critical Aspects in Rotodynamic Pumps and systems, R.K. Srivastava, Techo Economic
Research Institution, New Delhi.
8. Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery, 4th Edition, S.L.Dixon,
Butterworth and Heinemann, 1998.
9. Hydraulic Machines, Jagdish Lal, Metropolitan Book Co., Delhi.
10. Hydraulic Machines, V.P.Vasandani.

AM2229 Boundary Layer Theory

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Incompressible Laminar Boundary Layers: Exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equation exhibiting
boundary layer at low viscosity. The boundary-layer equations in the spirit of Prandtl. Scaling, nondimensionalisation and Reynolds number. Limitations of potential flow past a cylinder. Prandtls
boundary-layer equations in two dimensions deduced by order-of-magnitude arguments. Blasius
solution: displacement thickness, skin friction, drag.
Transition and Incompressible Turbulent Boundary Layers: Concept of stability; basis of
boundary layer stability analysis; physics of transition to turbulence. Reynolds stresses, mean velocity
and shear stress in a turbulent boundary layer; the log law and power law profiles. Turbulent boundary
layers in zero and non-zero pressure gradients. Separation in adverse pressure gradients. Concept of
and occurrence in steady flows, and at rear stagnation point of impulsively started cylinder.
Boundary Layer Separation & Flow Control: Causes of boundary layer separation and its
consequences, active and passive flow control, various different flow control techniques and their
applications.
Introduction to Perturbation Theory: Regular and singular perturbations. Examples from algebraic
equations and ordinary differential equations. The classical boundary-layer equations of Prandtl as the
leading term in a matched asymptotic expansion. Exact solutions of the classical boundary-layer
equations like Flow past a wedge: Falkner Skan. Far wake of a flat plate. Two-dimensional jet. Locks
mixing layer. Prandtl transformation. Prandtl-Glauert law for subsonic flow; Ackeret's law and
applications. Axisymmetric flows: Manglers transformation. Split disc Ekman layer problems:
Stewartson layers. Glauert wall jet.
Thermal Boundary Layer: Introduction to thermal boundary layer, heat transfer in boundary layer,
convective heat transfer, importance of non dimensional numbers, Prandtl number, Nusselt
number, Lewis number etc
Suggested Readings:
1. Boundary Layer Theory, Schlichting, H., McGraw Hill Inc.
2. The Laminar Boundary-Layer Equations, Curle, N., Oxford University Press.
3. Laminar Boundary Layers, Rosenhead, L. (Edited), Oxford University Press.
4. An Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Batchelor, G. K., Oxford University Press.
5. Separation of Flow, C.T. Chung, McGraw Hill Inc.

AM2230 Industrial Aerodynamics

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
.
Atmosphere: Types of winds, Causes of variation of winds, Atmospheric boundary layer, Effect
of terrain on gradient height, Structure of turbulent flows
Wind energy collectors: Horizontal axis and vertical axis machines, power coefficient, Betz
coefficient by momentum theory.
Vehicle Aerodynamics: Power requirements and drag coefficients of automobiles, effects of cut
back angle, aerodynamics of road vehicles, trains and hovercraft.
Building Aerodynamics: Pressure distribution on low rise buildings, wind forces on buildings.
Environmental winds in city blocks, special problems of tall buildings. Building codes, building
ventilation and architectural aerodynamics.
Flow induced vibrations: Effects of Reynolds number on wake formation of bluff shapes, vortex
induced vibrations. Galloping and stall flutter.
Suggested Readings:
1. Wind Effects on Structures: Fundamentals and Applications to Design by Simiu and Scanlan,
, 3rd Ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1996.
2. Building Aerodynamics by Tom Lawson, Imperial College Press, London, 2001.
3. Aerodynamics and drag mechanisms of bluff bodies and road vehicles, M.Sovran (Ed),
Plenum press, New York, 1978.
4. Winds forces in engineering, P. Sachs, Pergamon Press, 1978.
5. Car Aerodynamics, Hucho,
6. Design Guides to wind loading of buildings structures ( Part I & II) by N J Cook,
Butterworths, London, 1985.
7. ASCE/SEI 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.
8. IS: 875 (1987) Part III Wind loads, Indian Standards for Building codes.

AM2231 Bio-Fluid Dynamics

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Introduction to Fluid Mechanics: Fluid properties, basic laws governing conservation of mass
momentum and energy; Laminar flow, Couette flow and Hagen-Poiseuille equation, turbulent flow.
Bio-fluid Dynamics: Blood system network and physiology, blood rheology, Vessel structure and
mechanical properties Lymphatic system; Body fluids and their motions; Flow of Newtonian and
non-Newtonian fluids in rigid tubes, flexible tubes and collapsible tubes.
Cardio-vascular system: Heart and pumping process, Blood flow in body, Flow dynamical study of
circulatory system, heart and blood vessels, anatomy and physiological considerations; Components
and functions of arterial and venous systems: Blood flow through arteries and veins; Kinetic energy,
flow, pressure-flow relations in vascular beds; Cardiac cycle; Cardiac valve dysfunctions; Blood
pressure, regulation and controlling factors; Coronary circulation, heart failure.
Human Respiratory system: Physiology, Weibels lung model, realistic lung model, studies of flow
behavior in upper and lower human respiratory system during different breathing conditions, studies
of wall shear stress and its implications, Dispersion and deposition of aerosols/inhaled particles in
respiratory system, critical airways, tumorous airways.
Engineering Applications: Dialysis, Heart-lung machines. Lung and airways system network and
physiology.
Suggested Readings:
1. Bio-fluid Mechanics, J.N. Mazumdar, World Scientific, 1992.
2. Biomechanics: Motion, Flow, Stress, and Growth, Y.C. Fung, Springer-Verlag, 1990.
3. Cardiovascular Physiology, R.M. Berne, M.N. Levy, 8th Edition, Mosby, 2001.
4. Bio-fluid Dynamics, C. Klienstreuer, Taylor & Francis.

AM2232 Condition Monitoring, Diagnosis and Predictive Maintenance of Pumps

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
Introduction:Diagnosis of machine condition and faults, Need and benefits of Condition Monitoring,
Machine life cycle,Maintenance Managementin Industry, Condition Monitoring and diagnostics of
Hydraulic and ElectropneumaticSystems
Performance analysis and testing of pumps for condition monitoring: Visual
Inspection,Measurement of Temperature, Pressure, Flow, Speed andPower.Head Power
Characteristics,Shutoff Head method, Balance leakoff flow methodfor monitoring of pumps
Acoustic and Vibration Monitoring: Setting band levels for monitoring, Measurement of
vibration,general severity assessment, Analysing and Using the vibration spectrum, Vibration phase
angle, Resonance, Specific vibration severity standards for pumps, advanced methods of vibration
analysis of pumps, Control of vibration.
Wear Monitoring:Rate of wear,Effects of internal wear on pump performance and its efficiency
Other monitoring: Corrosion Monitoring, Condition monitoring of shaft seals, Monitoring of sealless
pumps, NonDestructive Testing, Analysis of wear debris in lubricants
Monitoring of Positive displacement pumps:Performance characteristics, Condition monitoring by
vibration analysis, Condition monitoring by performance analysis, Condition monitoring by analysis of
wear particles in liquid pumped
Performance Improvement Program and Predictive Maintenance: Basic types of maintenance,
Application and Benefits of Cost Effective Maintenance, Performance analysis and its application to
optimise time for overhaulusing shutoff head test results, Knowledge Based Systems for Maintenance
Management, ReliabilityCentred Maintenance, Modern Maintenance Management Systems
Expert System: Application of Genetic Algorithm, Artificial Neural Networks and Fuzzy logic for
Condition Monitoring, diagnosis and prediction of service life and maintenance management.
Standards, Patents and current research relevant to Condition Monitoring, Diagnosis and
Maintenance Management
Case studies and Term Paper: in detected performance shortfall and in condition monitoring of pumps.
Suggested Readings:
1. Predictive maintenance of pumps using condition monitoringRay S. Beebe
2. An Introduction to Predictive MaintenanceR. Keith Mobley
3. Engineering condition monitoring: practice, methods andapplicationsRon Barron
4. Handbook of condition monitoring BKN Rao
5. Handbook of Condition Monitoring: Techniques and Methodology A. Davies
6. Pump User's Handbook: Life Extension, Heinz P. Bloch, Allan R. Budris
7. Intelligent condition monitoring and diagnosis systems: a computational intelligence approach
Kesheng Wang
8. CMS 110 R Condition Monitoring Standards Pump Vacuum Nash
9. CMS 111 R Condition Monitoring Standards Pump Vertical Multistage
10. CMS 153 R - Condition Monitoring Standards Pump Progressive Cavity
11. Modern Pumps: A Comprehensive Survey of Modern Pumping Equipment and Practice, Edward
Mollo
12. Know and Understand Centrifugal Pumps L. Bachus, A Custodio.

AM2233 Design of Heat Exchangers

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
Introduction, classification and selection; heat exchanger thermo-hydraulic fundamentals;
heat exchanger design; compact heat exchangers; shell and tube heat exchanger design; regenerators;
plate heat exchangers and spiral plate heat exchangers; Boilers, Reboilers, condensers, Air cooled Heat
exchangers,
Heat exchanger network design, Targeting and super targeting, Pinch design method, Network
optimization,
heat-transfer augmentation; fouling; corrosion;
flow-induced vibration of shell and tube heat exchangers; mechanical design of shell and tube heat
exchangers;
material selection and fabrication;
quality control and quality assurance and nondestructive testing.
Suggested Readings:
1.Process Heat Transfer by DQ Kern.
2.Heat exchangers: Thermal-hydraulic fundamentals and design SadkKaka, A. E. Bergles, F. Mayinger.
3.Heat Exchanger Design Handbook Series:Dekker Mechanical Engineering, 2000, CRC Press.

AM2234 River Engineering

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
.
Characteristics of River, classification of flow, uniform flow, Gradually varied flow, Rapidly varied
flow, unsteady flow, channelization, sediment transport, canalization and flood routing, Interlinking of
Rivers, River confluences and river network, Bank erosion,River restoration, draught and flood
management.
Suggested Readings:
1.River Mechanics. P Y Julien
2.Principles of river engineering: the non-tidal alluvial river. editorial board, P. Ph. Jansen.
3.Fluvial Processes in River Engineering. Howard H. Chang
4.Open-Channel FlowM. Hanif Chaudhry.

AM2235 Design of Pipe Networks

4(L) 0(T) 0(P) 4(Cr)
.
Introduction: uses, requirements, flow and pressure, Layout, PIPE GRAPHICS, Main sizing, Storage and
pumping, Pipe valve fittings, Water meter, installation and testing
Basic Principles of Pipe Flow, Head Loss Equations
Pipe Network Analysis Methods, Loop flow correction method, linear method
Cost Considerations
General Principles of Network Synthesis
Water Transmission Lines
Water Distribution Mains
SingleInput Source Branched Systems
SingleInput Source Looped Systems
MultiInput Source Branched Systems
MultiInput Source Looped Systems
Decomposition of a Large Water System and Optimal Zone Size
Reorganization of Water Distribution Systems
Optimum design of branched pipe networks by linear programming
Dynamic and nonlinear programming for looped networks
Reliability of distribution system
Fluid transients: water hammer: theory, boundary conditions, water column separation unsteady flow
analysis by rigid column method graphical water hammer analysis air in pipeline
Operation and maintenance
Term Paper: Development of program for Analysis and optimization of pipe network.
Suggested Readings:
Introduction to Urban Water Distribution: Unesco-IHE Lecture Note Series: by NemanjaT rifunovic.
Design of Water Supply Pipe Networks by Prabhata K. Swamee, Ashok K. Sharma
Analysis of flow in water distribution networks by Pramod R. Bhave
Pipe Network Analysis, Eds. Lambert M Surhone, Mariam T Tennoe, Susan F Henssonow
Liquid Pipeline Hydraulics, E. ShashiMenon
Water distribution systems: simulation and sizing, Thomas M. Walski, Johannes Gessler, John W.
Sjostrom
Analysis of flow in pipe networks, Roland W. Jeppson
Water distribution modeling, Volume 1, Thomas M. Walski, Donald V. Chase, DraganSavic
Analysis of Water Distribution Systems, Thomas M. Walski
Modeling, analysis, and design of water distribution systems, Lee Cesario, American Water Works
Association
Pipeflow Analysis, D.J. Stephenson
Advanced water distribution modeling and management, Volume 1, Thomas M. Walski
Simulation and analysis of gas networks, AndrzejOsiadacz
ASME guide for gas transmission and distribution piping systems, 1986, American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
Gas transmission and distribution piping systems, American Society of Mechanical Engineers
The Distribution of Gas, Walter Hole
A Manual of Gas Distribution, Walton Forstall
Hydraulic analysis of unsteady flow in pipe networks, J. A. Fox
Solving the Pipe Network Analysis Problem Using Optimization Techniques, School of Engineering and
Applied Science, Southern Methodist University Nonlinear programs
Optimal design of water distribution networks, P.R. Bhave
Reliability analysis of water distribution systems, Larry W. May
Performance in water distribution: a systems approach, SrgioTeixeira Coelho
Improving Efficiency and Reliability in Water Distribution Systems, Enrique Cabrera, Antonio F. Vela
Computer modeling of water distribution systems, American Water Works Association
Computer Applications in Water Supply: Systems optimization and control, Bryan Coulbeck

Integrated computer applications in water supply: Applications and implementations for systems
operation and management. Vol. 2
Comprehensive Water Distribution Systems Analysis Handbook for Engineers and Planners
Paul F. Boulos, Kevin E. Lansey, Bryan W. Karney
Water transmission and distribution, American Water Works Association
Water distribution systems handbook, Larry W. Mays
Introduction to Pipe Stress Analysis, Sam Kannappan
Piping Stress Handbook, Victor Helquero
Piping Handbook, Mohinder L Nayyar, NayyarMohinder
Pipe Stress Engineering, Asme Press, Liang ChuanPeng

AM2219 Fluid-Structure Interaction

4(L) - 0(T) - 0(P) - 4(Cr)
Introduction and Mathematical Preliminaries: Basic concepts and definitions, Tensor analysis, Partial
differential equations, Laplace and Fourier transform, Application areas.
Elementary Continuum Mechanics: Deformation and Motion, Material and spatial description,
Deformation gradient and polar decomposition, Strain, Stress and Elasticity Tensors, Balance laws,
Different material models, Transformation of equations in different coordinate systems.
Basics of Fluid Dynamics: Kinematics of fluids in motion; Equations of motion; Viscous flow; N-S
equations.
Basics of Structural dynamics: Elasto-dynamic equations of idealized structural forms.
Coupled Fluid-Structure Systems: Analysis methodologies Finite element method of discretization,
Messfree method of analysis; Application problems and solution methodologies.
References:
1. John D. Anderson, Computational Fluid Dynamics.
2. J. Ballmann (ed.) (2003), Flow Modulation and Fluid-Structure Interaction at Airplane Wings,
Springer.
3. N.G. Barton and J. Periaux (eds.) (2003), Coupling of Fluids, Structures and Waves in Aeronautics,
Springer.
4. R.L. Daugherthy, J.B. Franzini and E.J. Finnemore (1989), Fluid Mechanics with Engineering
Applications, McGraw Hill International.

ME2243 THERMO-FLUID DYNAMICS

Thermodynamic State Equations: perfect and real gas equations, Review of thermodynamic
laws and Entropy, Availability and irreversibility, general thermodynamics relations: specific
heat, internal energy, enthalpy and entropy, Joule-Thomson coefficient, Review of basic
equations and steady state conduction: three dimensional conduction equation, one dimensional
heat conduction through plane wall, hollow cylinder etc, heat generation, variable thermal
conductivity; Unsteady state heat conduction: Lumped analysis, transient heat conduction;
convection: laminar and turbulent flow, free and forced convection and its empirical relations.
Reference book(s) :
1. Introduction to thermodynamics, Classical and Statistical, third edition, R.E. Sonntag and G.
V. Wylen, John Wiley & Sons, 1991.
2. Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics, A. Bejan, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
3. Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, M.N. Ozisik, McGraw Hill Co., 1980.
4. Convection heta transfer, A. Bejan, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
5. Advanced thermodynamics for engineers, Kenneth W Jr., McGraw Hill Inc, 1995.
6. Heat & Mass transfer Y.A. Cengel, Mcgraw Hill.

ME2235 ADVANCED GAS DYNAMICS

Introduction:Governing equations of compressible flow.
1 D Flow: Introduction - Normal Shock Relations - Hugoniot Equations.
Oblique Shocks - Supersonic flow over wedges and cones - Interaction of shocks of opposite
families - Intersection of shocks of same family.
3D Shock Waves - Prandtl-Meyer Expansion waves - Shock expansion theory - Crocco's
Theorem.
Linearized Flow - Linearized velocity potential equation - Linearized pressure coefficient Linearized Subsonic flow - Improved compressibility corrections - Linearized supersonic flow Critical Mach Number.
wave motion - Moving normal shock wave - Reflected shock waves - Incident and reflected
expansion waves - Shock tube relations - Finite compression waves.
Method of Characteristics.
3D flow - Cones at angle of attack - Blunt-nosed bodies at angle of attack.
REFERENCES:
1. Elements of Gas Dynamics, H. W. Liepmann and A. Roshko
2. Modern Compressible Flow, John D. Anderson, Jr.