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    Organic Chemistry of Biomolecules PDF

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    Meghna Kumar
    This document outlines the curriculum for an organic chemistry course focusing on biomolecules. The course is divided into five units that cover topics such as: 1) Amino acids, peptides, and proteins including their classification, properties, and methods of analysis and synthesis. 2) Enzymes including their classification, active sites, mechanisms of action, and factors that affect activity. 3) Lipids including their classification and properties of oils, fats, and other lipids as well as their biological importance. 4) Nucleic acids including their components, structures of DNA and RNA, and their roles in replication, transcription, and translation. 5) Energy metabolism including cellular energy, ATP, electron carriers,

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    Organic Chemistry of Biomolecules PDF

    Uploaded by

    Meghna Kumar
    964 views3 pages
    This document outlines the curriculum for an organic chemistry course focusing on biomolecules. The course is divided into five units that cover topics such as: 1) Amino acids, peptides, and proteins including their classification, properties, and methods of analysis and synthesis. 2) Enzymes including their classification, active sites, mechanisms of action, and factors that affect activity. 3) Lipids including their classification and properties of oils, fats, and other lipids as well as their biological importance. 4) Nucleic acids including their components, structures of DNA and RNA, and their roles in replication, transcription, and translation. 5) Energy metabolism including cellular energy, ATP, electron carriers,

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    ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OF BIOMOLECULES.pdf

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    This document outlines the curriculum for an organic chemistry course focusing on biomolecules. The course is divided into five units that cover topics such as: 1) Amino acids, peptides, and proteins including their classification, properties, and methods of analysis and synthesis. 2) Enzymes including their classification, active sites, mechanisms of action, and factors that affect activity. 3) Lipids including their classification and properties of oils, fats, and other lipids as well as their biological importance. 4) Nucleic acids including their components, structures of DNA and RNA, and their roles in replication, transcription, and translation. 5) Energy metabolism including cellular energy, ATP, electron carriers,

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    964 views3 pages

    Organic Chemistry of Biomolecules PDF

    Uploaded by

    Meghna Kumar
    This document outlines the curriculum for an organic chemistry course focusing on biomolecules. The course is divided into five units that cover topics such as: 1) Amino acids, peptides, and proteins including their classification, properties, and methods of analysis and synthesis. 2) Enzymes including their classification, active sites, mechanisms of action, and factors that affect activity. 3) Lipids including their classification and properties of oils, fats, and other lipids as well as their biological importance. 4) Nucleic acids including their components, structures of DNA and RNA, and their roles in replication, transcription, and translation. 5) Energy metabolism including cellular energy, ATP, electron carriers,

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The document discusses organic chemistry concepts related to biomolecules like amino acids, peptides, proteins, enzymes, lipids, nucleic acids and energy metabolism.

    The main topics covered include amino acids, peptides and proteins, enzymes, lipids, nucleic acids and concepts of energy in biosystems.

    Electrophoresis (gel and paper electrophoresis) and ion exchange chromatography are mentioned as methods for separating and purifying amino acids and proteins.

    PAPER-18

    Marks: 150

    ORGANIC: CHEMISTRY OF BIOMOLECULES


    THEORY
    Unit I: Amino acids, Peptides and Proteins
    Amino acids: Classification, relative and absolute configuration.
    Synthesis of -Amino acids: Phthalimide synthesis, Strecker synthesis, phthalimidomalonic
    ester synthesis and azalactone synthesis.
    Ionic properties and reactions: Zwitter ions, pKa values, isoelectric point, application of
    electrophoresis (gel and paper) and ion exchange chromatography in separation and
    purification of amino acids and proteins.
    Peptides: Peptide linkage, determination of their primary structures, end group analysis
    (Edmans, Sangers and Dansyl chloride method only), application of partial hydrolysis
    (chemical, enzymatic). Peptide synthesis: using N-protecting groups (Boc and
    benzyloxycarbonyl methods only), C-protecting group, C-activating groups (acid chloride, acid
    azide, activated esters and DCC methods only) and Solid-phase synthesis.
    Proteins: classification, tests in laboratory and biological importance, primary, secondary(helix and - pleated sheets), tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins.
    Unit II: Enzymes
    Introduction, classification and characteristics of enzymes. Salient features of active site of
    enzymes.
    Mechanism of enzyme action(taking trypsin as example), factors affecting enzyme action,
    coenzymes and cofactors and their role in biological reactions, specificity of enzyme action
    (including stereospecificity), enzyme inhibitors and their importance, phenomenon of
    inhibition (competitive , uncompetitive and non-competitive inhibition including allosteric
    inhibtion).
    Unit III: Lipids
    Lipids: Introduction and classification.
    Oils and fats : Common fatty acids present in oils and fats, essential fatty acids and their
    importance, omega fatty acids, trans fats, hydrogenation, saponification value, iodine number,
    acid number, drying, rancidity (hydrolytic and oxidative) and reversion.
    Biological importance of triglycerides, phospholipids, glycolipids, sphingolipids and steroids
    (cholesterol). Liposomes and their biomedical applications.

    Unit IV: Nucleic Acids


    Components of nucleic acids: Nitrogenous bases (adenine, guanine, thymine, uracil and
    cytosine), sugar and phosphate; nucleosides, nucleotides and their nomenclature;
    Phosphodiester linkage and structure of polynucleotides; structure of DNA (Watson-Crick
    model) and RNA(types of RNA), genetic code.
    Biological roles of DNA and RNA: Introduction to replication, transcription and translation.
    Unit V: Concept of Energy in Biosystems
    Cells obtain energy by the oxidation of foodstuff (organic molecules).
    Introduction to metabolism (catabolism, anabolism).
    ATP: The universal currency of cellular energy, ATP hydrolysis and free energy change.
    Agents for transfer of electrons in biological redox systems: NAD+, FAD.
    Conversion of food to energy: Outline of catabolic pathways of carbohydrate- glycolysis,
    fermentation, Krebs cycle.
    Overview of catabolic pathways of fat and protein.
    Interrelationship in the metabolic pathways of protein, fat and carbohydrate.
    Caloric value of food, standard caloric content of food types.
    Recommended Texts:
    1. Morrison, Robert Thornton & Boyd, Robert Neilson Organic Chemistry, Dorling
    Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Sixth Edition, 2003.
    2. Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 1), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
    (Pearson Education), Sixth Edition, 2003.
    3. Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Volume 2: Stereochemistry and the Chemistry of
    Natural Products), Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd. (Pearson Education), Fifth
    Edition, 1975.
    4. Graham Solomons, T.W., Craig B. Fryhle Organic Chemistry, Ninth edition John
    Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2008.
    5. Clayden, J.; Greeves, N.; Warren, S.; Wothers, P.; Organic Chemistry, Oxford
    University Press, First Edition, 2001.
    6. Nelson, D. L. & Cox, M. M. Lehningers Principles of Biochemistry, Fifth Edition,
    2010., W. H. Freeman.
    7. Berg, J. M.; Tymoczko, J. L. & Stryer, L. Biochemistry, Seventh Edition, 2012., W. H.
    Freeman.
    PRACTICAL
    ORGANIC: ISOLATION AND ESTIMATION OF SELECTED BIOMOLECULES
    AND PREPARATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    1. Estimation of phenol and aniline by bromination with potassium bromated-potassium
    bromide method.
    2. Estimation of glycine by Sorensons formalin method.
    3. Study of the titration curve of glycine.
    4. Estimation of proteins by Lowrys method.
    5. Study of the action of salivary amylase on starch at optimum conditions.
    6. Effect of temperature on the action of salivary amylase.
    7. Saponification value of an oil or a fat.
    8. Determination of Iodine number of an oil/fat.
    9. Isolation and characterization of DNA from onion/cauliflower/peas.
    2

    Recommended Texts:
    1. Mannual of Biochemistry Workshop, 2012, Department of Chemistry, University of
    Delhi.
    2. Arthur, I. V. Quantitative, Organic, Analysis s Pearson.
    3. Cooper, T.G. The Tools of Biochemistry, John Wiley and Sons, N.Y. USA. 16 (1977).

    Page 58 of 80

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