4-8-16 B Tech ECE Revised Batch 2011 3-8

PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Scheme& Syllabus of
B. Tech. Electronics & Communication
Engineering [ECE]
Batch 2011
By
Board of Studies Electronics & Communication Engineering
Third Semester
Course
Code
BTAM-301
BTCS-305
BTEC-301
Course Title
Engineering Mathematics-III
Object Oriented
Programming using C++
Analog Devices & Circuits
BTEC-302
Digital Circuit and Logic

Design
BTEC-303
Network Analysis and
Synthesis
BTEC-304
Lab Analog Devices &
Circuits
BTEC-305
Lab Digital Circuit and Logic
Design
BTCS-309
Lab Object Oriented
Programming
Workshop Training *
TOTAL
Load
Allocation
L
T
P
Contact Hours: 29 Hrs.

Marks Distribution
Total
Credits
Marks
Internal External
4
3
1
1
40
40
60
60
100
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
30
20
50
30
20
50
30
20
50
60
350
40
400
100
750
25
16
*The marks will be awarded on the basis of 4 weeks workshop training conducted after 2nd Semester
Fourth Semester
Course Code
Course Title
Load
Allocation
L
T
P
Contact Hours: 32 Hrs

Marks Distribution
Total
Credits
Marks
Internal External
60
100
100
5
4
40
40
60
60
100
100
4
5
40
60
100
40
60
100
30
20
50
30
20
50
30
20
50
100
430
NA
420
100
850
29
BTEE-402
Linear Control Systems
40
60
BTEC-401
Analog Communication
Systems
Signal & Systems
Electromagnetics &
Antennas
Electronic Measurement &
Instrumentation
Pulse Wave Shaping and
Switching
Lab Analog Communication
Systems
Lab Electronic Measurement
& Instrumentation
Lab Signal & Systems
using MATLAB/Mentor
DSP
40
3
4
1
1
BTEC-402
BTEC-403
BTEC-404
BTEC-405
BTEC-406
BTEC-407
BTEC-408
General Fitness
TOTAL
20
Fifth Semester
Course Code
BTCS-304
BTEC-501
BTEC-502
Course Title
Data Structures
Digital Communication
System
Digital Signal Processing
BTEC-503
BTEC-504
Linear Integrated Circuit

Micro processors & Micro
controllers.
BTEC-505
Lab Digital Signal
Processing
BTEC-506
Lab Linear Integrated
Circuit
BTEC-507
Lab Digital Communication
System
BTEC-508
Lab Hardware Programme
& Interfacing
Industrial Training *
TOTAL
Load
Allocation
L
T
P
Marks Distribution
Internal
External

Total
Credits
3
3
1
1
40
40
60
60
100
100
4
4
40
60
3
4
1
1
40
40
60
60
100
100
100
5
4
5
30
20
50
30
20
50
30
20
50
30
20
50
60
380
40
420
100
800
1
26
17
*The marks will be awarded on the basis of 06 weeks workshop training conducted after 4th Semester
Sixth Semester
Course Code
Course Title
Load
Allocation
L
T
P

Marks Distribution
Total
Credits
Internal
External
60
100
100
4
5
40
60
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
Lab VLSI
30
20
50
Lab Microwave Engineering
30
20
50
100
NA
400
400
100
800
28
BTCS-401
Operating Systems
40
60
BTEC-601
40
BTEC-604
Microwave & Radar

Engineering
Wireless Communication
System
Engineering Economics &
Industrial Management
VLSI Design
BTEC-XXX
Elective-I
BTEC-605
BTEC-606
BTEC-602
BTEC-603
General Fitness
TOTAL
20
Seventh / Eighth Semester

Course Code
Course Title
Load
Allocation
L
T
P
Contact Hours: 30 Hrs.

Marks Distribution
Total
Credits
Internal
External
BTCS-403
Computer Networks
40
60
100
BTEC-701
Embedded Systems
40
60
BTEC-702
Optical Communication
40
60
100
100
4
4
BTEC-YYY
Elective-II
40
60
100
BTEC-ZZZ
Elective-III
40
60
BTEC-703
30
20
4
1
BTEC-704
Lab Wireless and Optical

Systems & Networks
Lab Embedded Systems
100
50
30
20
50
BTEC-705
Major Project
100
50
150
100
NA
100
460
390
850
General Fitness
TOTAL
15
10
25
Seventh / Eighth Semester

Course Component
For Software Training *
For Industry Oriented Project Training
Internal Marks
150 Marks
300 Marks
External Marks
100 Marks
200 Marks
Total Marks
250 Marks
500 Marks
Note:
*The institution may provide training on any of the softwares from amongst
ORCAD,
MATLAB,
Mentor DSP,
MULTISIM,
OPTSIM,
OPTISYSTEM
NS2
OPNET etc.
QUALNET
ULTIBOARD
XILINX
MODELSIM/ QUESTA SIM
KIEL etc.
Departmental Elective - I
(Common Code XXX)
BTEC 901 Relational Data Base Management System

BTEC 902 Micro Electronics
BTEC 903 Industrial Electronics
BTEC 904 Digital System Design
BTEC 905 Intellectual property rights & patent systems
BTEC 906 Intelligent Instrumentation
BTEC 907 Information Theory & Coding
BTIT 702 Software Project Management
Departmental Elective -II (Common Code YYY)
BTEC 908 CMOS based design
BTEC 909 Biomedical signal processing
BTEC 910 Satellite Communication
BTEC 911 Artificial Intelligence Techniques & Applications
BTEC 912 Speech & image Processing
BTEC 913 Human Resource Management
BTEC 914 Computer organization and Architecture
BTIT 501 Cyber Law & IPR
Departmental Elective - III (Common Code ZZZ)
BTEC 915 Electromagnetic interference & compatibility
BTEC 916 Neural Networks & Fuzzy logic
BTEC 917 Robotics
BTEC 918 Operation Research
BTEC 919 Mobile Computing
BTEC 920 Wireless Sensor network
BTEC 921 Numerical Methods
Third Semester
BTAM301 Engineering Mathematics-III

Unit I Fourier Series: Periodic functions, Euler's formula. Even and odd functions, half range expansions, Fourier
series of different wave forms.
Unit II Laplace Transforms: Laplace transforms of various standard functions, properties of Laplace
transforms, inverse Laplace transforms, transform of derivatives and integrals, Laplace transform of unit step
function, impulse function, periodic functions, applications to solution of ordinary linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, and simultaneous differential equations.
Unit III Special Functions: Power series solution. of differential equations, Frobenius method, Legendre's
equation, Legendre polynomial, Bessel's equation, Bessel functions of the first and second kind. Recurrence
relations, equations reducible to Bessel's equation.
Unit IV Partial Differential Equations: Formation of partial differential equations, Linear partial differential
equations, homogeneous partial differential equations with constant coefficients.
Unit V Applications of PDEs: Wave equation and Heat conduction equation in one dimension. Two
dimensional Laplace equation in Cartesian Coordinates, solution by the method of separation of variables. .
Unit VI Functions of Complex Variable: Limits, continuity and derivative of the function of complex variable,
Analytic function, Cauchy-Riemann equations, conjugate functions, harmonic functions; Conformal Mapping:
Definition, standard transformations, translation, rotation, inversion, bilinear. Complex Integration: Line
integrals in the complex plane, Cauchy's theorem, Cauchy's integral formula and derivatives of analytic function.
Taylor's and Laurent's expansions (without proofs), singular points, poles, residue, Integration of function of
complex variables using the method of residues.
Suggested Readings/ Books:
Kreyszing, E., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Eighth edition, John Wiley, New Delhi.
Grewal, B. S., Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
Ian N. Sneedon, Elements of Partial Differential Equations, McGraw- Hill, Singapore, 1957.
Peter. V. O'Nil, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wadsworth Publishing Company. Taneja,
H. C., Engineering Mathematics, Volume-I & Volume-II, I. K. Publisher.
Babu Ram, Advance Engineering Mathematics, Pearson Education.
Bindra, J. S., Applied Mathematics, Volume-III, Kataria Publications.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics, O'Neil, Cengage Learning.
BTCS 305 Object Oriented Programming Using C++

Unit I Object-Oriented Programming Concepts: Introduction, comparision between procedural programming
paradigm and object-oriented proramming paradigm, basic concepts of object-oriented programming
concepts of an object and a class, interface and implementation of a class, operations on objects, relationship among
objects, abstraction, encapsulation, data hiding, inheritance, overloading, polymorphism, messaging.
Unit II Standard Input/Output: Concept of streams, hierarchy of console stream classes, input/output using
overloaded operators >> and << and memberv functions of i/o stream classes, formatting output, formatting using
ios class functions and flags, formatting using manipulators.
Unit III Classes and Objects: Specifying a class, creating class objects, accessing class members, access
specifiers, static members, use of const keyword, friends of a class, empty classes, nested classes, local classes, abstract
classes, container classes, bit fields and classes.
Unit IV Pointers and Dynamic Memory Management: Declaring and initializing pointers, accessing data through
pointers, pointer arithmetic, memory allocation (static and dynamic), dynamic memory management using new and
delete operators, pointer to an object, this pointer, pointer related problems - dangling/wild pointers, null pointer
assignment, memory leak and allocation failures.
Unit V Constructors and Destructors:
Need for constructors and destructors, copy constructor, dynamic
constructors, explicit constructors, destructors, constructors and destructors with static members, initializer lists.
Unit VI Operator Overloading and Type Conversion: Overloading operators, rules for overloading operators,
overloading of various operators, type conversion - basic type to class type, class type to basic type, class type to
another class type.
Unit VII Inheritance: Introduction, defining derived classes, forms of inheritance, ambiguity in multiple and
multipath inheritance, virtual base class, object slicing, overriding member functions, object composition and
delegation, order of execution of constructors and destructors.
Unit VIII Virtual functions & Polymorphism: Concept of binding - early binding and late binding, virtual
functions, pure virtual functions, abstract clasess, virtual destructors.
Unit IX Exception Handling: Review of traditional error handling, basics of exception handling, exception
handling mechanism,
throwing mechanism,
catching mechanism,
rethrowing
an
exception,
specifying
exceptions.
Unit X Templates and Generic Programming: Template concepts, Function templates, class templates,
illustrative examples.
Unit XI Files: File streams, hierarchy of file stream classes, error handling during file operations,
reading/writing
of
files,
accessing
records
randomly,
updating

Lafore R., Object Oriented Programming in C++, Waite Group.
E. Balagurusamy, Object Oriented Programming with C++, Tata McGraw Hill.
R. S. Salaria, Mastering Object-Oriented Programming with C++, Salaria Publishing House.
Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, Addison Wesley.
Herbert Schildt, The Complete Reference to C++ Language, McGraw Hill-Osborne.
Lippman F. B, C++ Primer, Addison Wesley.
files.
BTEC301 Analog Devices & Circuits

Unit I Semiconductor diode Theory of PN junction diode, Band structure of open circuited PN junction, Volt
Ampere Characteristics, Temperature Dependence of PN diode, LED, LCD and Photo- diodes, Tunnel diode,
Zener diode as Voltage Regulator.
Unit II Transistors, Characteristics and Biasing Transistor, Types of Transistor, Transistor current
components, Transistor as an Amplifier, Transistor characteristics in CB, CE and CC modes. Operating point, bias
stability, various biasing circuits, stabilization against Ico, VBE and beta, Construction, Characteristics &
applications of Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET), UJT and MOSFET.
Unit III Large Signal Amplifiers: Class A direct coupled with resistive load, Transformer coupled with
resistive load, harmonic distortion, variation of output power with load,
class-
Push-Pull Amplifiers, operation of
B push-pull amplifier, crossover distortion, transistor phase inverter, complementary- symmetry
amplifier.
Unit IV Feedback Amplifiers and Oscillator: Feedback Concept, Effect of negative feedback on gain,
bandwidth, stability, distortion and frequency Response, Sinusoidal Oscillators, Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion
for oscillation, Different types of oscillators: RC Phase Shift, Wein Bridge, Hartley, Colpitts and Crystal
Oscillators. Derivation of expression for frequency and amplitude of these oscillators.
Unit V Low & High Frequency Transistor Model: Transistor Hybrid Model, h parameter equivalent circuit
of transistor, Analysis of transistor amplifier using h-parameters in CB, CE and CC configuration, The high
frequency T model, hybrid pi CE transistor model, hybrid pi conductance in terms of low frequency h
parameters.
Electronic Devices & Circuits by Millman- Halkias, Tata Mcgraw Hill
Electronic Devices & Circuits Theory by Boylested, Pearson Education.
Electronic Fundamentals & Application, by J.D. Ryder, PHI.
Electronic Devices, by Floyd, Pearson Education.
Electronics Devices & Circuits by J.B.Gupta, Katson.
BTEC302 Digital Circuit and Logic Design

Unit I Number System and Binary Code: Introduction, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal Number System
(Conversion, Addition & Subtractions). Signed and unsigned numbers, Binary Subtractions using 1's and 2's
compliment, ASCII code, Excess 3 code, Grey code, BCD code and BCD additions.
Unit II Minimization of logic function: OR, AND,NOT,NOR,NAND,EX-OR, EX-NOR, Basic theorem of
Boolean Algebra, Sum of Products and Product of Sums, canonical form, Minimization using K-map and Q-M
method.
Unit III Combinational Circuits: Introduction, Combinational circuit design, Encoders, decoders, Adders, Sub
tractors and Code converters. Parity checker, seven segment display, Magnitude comparators.
Multiplexers, De-multiplexer, Implementation of Combinational circuit using MUX.
Unit IV Sequential Circuits: Introduction, flip flops, Clocked flip flops, SR, JK, D, T and edge triggered flipflops.
Excitation tables of Flip flops. Shift Registers, Type of Shift Registers, Counter, Counter types, counter design with
state equation and state diagrams.
Unit V D/A and A/D Converters: Introduction, Weighted register D/A converter, binary ladder D/A
converter, steady state accuracy test, D/A accuracy and resolution, parallel A/D converter, Counter type A/D
converter Successive approximation A/D converter. Single and dual slope A/D converter, A/D accuracy and
resolution.
Unit VI Semiconductor Memories: Introduction, Memory organisation, Classification and characteristics of
memories, Sequential memories, ROMs, R/W memories. Content addressable memories. PLA and PAL.
Unit VII Logic Families: RTL, DCTL, DTL, TTL, ECL, CMOS and its various types, Comparison of logic
families.
Suggested Readings / Books:
Morris Mano, Digital Design, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd
Donald P.Leach and Albert Paul Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications, 5 ed., Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company
Limited, New Delhi, 2003.
R.P.Jain, Modern Digital Electronics, 3 ed., Tata McGraw-Hill publishing Company limited, New Delhi, 2003.
Thomas L. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, Pearson Education, Inc, New Delhi, 2003
Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer, Gregory L. Moss, Digital System -Principles and Applications, Pearson Education.
Srivastava/Srivastava/Srivastava, Digital Design: HDL Based Approach, Cengage Learning.
Roth, Fundamentals of Logic Design, Cengage Learning
BTEC303 Network Analysis and Synthesis

Unit I Circuit Concepts: Independent and dependent sources, Signals and wave forms: Periodic and singularity
voltages, step, ramp, impulse, doublet, loop currents and loop equations, node voltage and node equations,
Network Theorems: Superposition, Thevenin's, Norton's, Maximum Power Transfer, and Reciprocity.
Unit II Time and Frequency Domain Analysis: Representation of basic circuits in terms of generalized
frequency and their response, Laplace transform of shifted functions, transient and steady response, Time domain
behaviors from poles and zeros, Convolution Theorem.
Unit III Network Synthesis: Network functions, Impedance and admittance function, Transfer functions,
Relationship between transfer and impulse response, poles and zeros and restrictions, Network function for two
terminal pair network, Sinusoidal network in terms of poles and zeros, Real liability condition for impedance
synthesis of RL and RC circuits, Network synthesis techniques for 2-terminal network, Foster and Cauer forms.
10
Unit IV: Classification of filters, characteristics impedance and propagation constant of pure reactive network, Ladder
network, T-section, -section, terminating half section, Pass bands and stop bands, Design of constant-K, m-derived
filters, Composite filters.
Bird John, Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology, 2nd Ed., Newnes.
Chakraborty, Abhijit, Circuit Theory, 2nd Edition, Dhanpat Rai, 2001.
Chaudhury D. Roy, Networks and Synthesis, New Age International.
Edminister J.A., Electric Circuits, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002. Iyer
T.S.K.V., Circuit Theory, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006.
Mohan, Sudhakar Sham, Circuits and Networks Analysis and Synthesis, 2nd Edition, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 2005.
Valkenberg, M.E., Network Analysis and Synthesis, PHI learning, 2009.
Van
BTEC304 Lab Analog Devices & Circuits

1. Study of Zener regulator as voltage regulator
2. Study of Half wave, full wave & Bridge rectifiers.
3. To plot the input and output characteristics of CE configuration.
4. To study the characteristics of a Class- A amplifier.
5. To study the characteristics of Class- B amplifier.
6. To study the characteristics of Class- B push-pull amplifier.
7. To study the characteristics of complementary symmetry amplifier.
8. To study the response of RC phase shift oscillator and determine frequency of oscillation.
9. To study the response of Hartley oscillator and determine frequency of oscillation.
10. To study the response of Colpitts oscillator and determine frequency of oscillation.
11. To study the response of Wien Bridge oscillator and determine frequency of oscillation
BTEC-305 Lab Digital Circuit and Logic Design

1. Study of Logic Gates: Truth-table verification of OR, AND, NOT, XOR, NAND and NOR gates;
Realization of OR, AND, NOT and XOR functions using universal gates.
2. Realization Half Adder / Full Adder using Logic gates.
3. Realization Half Subtractor / Full Subtractor using Logic gates
4. Design 4-Bit Binary-to-Gray & Gray-to-Binary Code Converter.
5. Design 4-Bit magnitude comparator using logic gates.Multiplexer: Truth-table verification and realization
of Half adder and Full adder using MUX.
6. Demultiplexer: Truth-table verification and realization of Half subtractor and Full subtractor using
DEMUX.
7. Flip Flops: Truth-table verification of RS, JK , D, JK Master Slave Flip Flops.
11
8. Design MOD-7 Synchronous up-counter using JK/RS/D Flip Flops.

9. Shift Register: Study of shift right, SIPO, SISO, PIPO, PISO & Shift left operations using IC7495 chip.
BTCS 309 Object Oriented Programming Using C++ Lab

1. [Classes and Objects] Write a program that uses a class where the member functions are defined
inside a class.
2. [Classes and Objects] Write a program that uses a class where the member functions are defined
outside a class.
3. [Classes and Objects] Write a program to demonstrate the use of static data members.
4. [Classes and Objects] Write a program to demonstrate the use of const data members.
5. [Constructors and Destructors] Write a program to demonstrate the use of zero argument and
parameterized constructors.
6. [Constructors and Destructors] Write a program to demonstrate the use of dynamic constructor.
7. [Constructors and Destructors] Write a program to demonstrate the use of explicit constructor.
8. [Initializer Lists] Write a program to demonstrate the use of initializer list.
9. [Operator Overloading] Write a program to demonstrate the overloading of increment and decrement
operators.
10. [Operator Overloading] Write a program to demonstrate the overloading of binary arithmetic
operators.
11. [Operator Overloading] Write a program to demonstrate the overloading of memory management
operators.
12. [Typecasting] Write a program to demonstrate the typecasting of basic type to class type.
13. [Typecasting] Write a program to demonstrate the typecasting of class type to basic type.
14. [Typecasting] Write a program to demonstrate the typecasting of class type to class type.
15. [Inheritance] Write a program to demonstrate the multilevel inheritance.
16. [Inheritance] Write a program to demonstrate the multiple inheritance.
17. [Inheritance] Write a program to demonstrate the virtual derivation of a class.
18. [Polymorphism] Write a program to demonstrate the runtime polymorphism.
19. [Exception Handling] Write a program to demonstrate the exception handling.
20. [Templates and Generic Programming] Write a program to demonstrate the use of function
template.
21. [Templates and Generic Programming] Write a program to demonstrate the use of class template.
12
22. [File Handling] Write a program to copy the contents of a file to another file byte by byte. The name
of the source file and destination file should be taken as command-line arguments,
23. [File Handling] Write a program to demonstrate the reading and writing of mixed type of data.
13
Fourth Semester
14
BTEE 402 Linear Control Systems

Unit I Introductory Concepts: Plant, Systems, Servomechanism, regulating systems, disturbances, Open loop
control system, closed loop control systems, linear and non-linear systems, time variant and invariant, continuous
and sampled-data control systems, Block diagrams, some illustrative examples.
Unit II Modeling: Formulation of equation of linear electrical, mechanical, thermal, pneumatic and
hydraulic system, electrical, mechanical analogies. Transfer function, Block diagram representation, signal flow
graphs and associated algebra, characteristics equation.
Unit III Time Domain Analysis: Typical test - input signals, Transient response of the first and second
order systems. Time domain specifications, Dominant closed loop poles of higher order systems. Steady
state error and coefficients, pole-zero location and stability, Routh-Hurwitz Criterion.
Unit IV Root Locus Technique: The extreme points of the root loci for positive gain. Asymptotes to the
loci, Breakaway points, intersection with imaginary axis, location of roots with given gain and sketch of the
root locus plot.
Unit V Frequency Domain Analysis: Closed loop frequency response, Bode plots, stability and loop
transfer function. Frequency response specifications, Relative stability, Relation between time and frequency
response for second order systems. Log. Magnitude versus Phase angle plot, Nyquist criterion for stability. Unit
VI Compensation: Necessity of compensation, series and parallel compensation, compensating networks,
applications of lag and lead-compensation.
Unit VII Control Components: Error detectors - potentiometers and synchros, servo motors, a.c. and d.c.
techno generators, Magnetic amplifiers.
Suggested Readings / Books
Dorf Richard C. and Bishop Robert H., Modern Control System, Addison -Wesley, Pearson New Delhi
Ogata K., Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall,
Kuo B. C., Automatic Control System, Prentice Hall
Nagrath I.J. and Gopal M., Control System Engineering, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
Singh / Janardhanan, Modern Control Engineering, Cengage Learning
Kilian, Modern Control Technology: Components and Systems, Cengage Learning
BTEC 401 Analog Communication Systems

Unit I Base Band Signals and Systems: Introduction, Elements of communication system, Noise & its types; Noise
Figure & noise factor, Noise equivalent temperature. Modulation & Demodulation, Mixing; Linear & Nonlinear,
need of modulation,
types
of modulation systems, basic transmission signals, Frequency multiplexing
technique.
Unit II Analog Modulation Techniques: Introduction, theory of amplitude modulation; AM power
calculations, AM current calculations, AM modulation with a complex wave, theory of frequency modulation;
16
mathematical analysis of FM, spectra of FM signals, narrow band of FM, Wide band FM, Theory of
phasemodulation, phase modulation obtained from frequency modulation, comparison of AM & FM,
Comparison of PM & FM.
Unit III AM Transmission: Introduction, generation of Amplitude Modulation, Low level and high level
modulation, basic principle of AM generation; square law modulation, Amplitude modulation in amplifier
circuits, suppressed carrier AM generation (Balanced Modulator) ring Modulator, Product Modulator/balanced
Modulator.
Unit IV AM Reception: Receiver Parameters; Selectivity, Sensitivity, Fidelity, Tuned Ratio Frequency (TRF)
Receiver, Super heterodyne Receiver; Basic elements of AM super heterodyne Receiver; RF Amplifier,
Neutralization of RF Amplifiers, Class of operation of RF Amplifiers, High power RF Amplifiers, Image
Frequency Rejection, Cascade RF Amplifier, methods of increasing Bandwidth, frequency Conversion and
Mixers; Additive Mixing, Bipolar Transistor Additive Mixer, self exicted Additive Mixers, multiplicative
mixing, Multiplicative Mixer using dual gate MOSFET, Tracking & Alignment, IF Amplifier, AM detector;
square law detector, Envelope or Diode detector, AM detector with AGC, Distortion in diode detectors, AM
detector Circuit using Transistor, Double hetro-dyne receiver, AM receiver using a phase locked loop (PLL),
AM receiver characteristics.
Unit V FM Transmission: FM allocation standards, generation of FM by direct method, varactor diode
Modulator, Cross by Direct FM Transmitter, Phase-Locked-Loop Direct FM Transmitter, Indirect generation of
FM; Armstrong method, RC phase shift method, Frequency stabilised reactance FM transmitter.
Unit VI FM Reception: Frequency demodulators, Tuned circuit frequency discriminators; Slope Detector,
Balance Slope Detector, Foster Seeley discriminator, Ratio Detector, FM detection using PLL, Zero crossing
detector as a Frequency Demodulator, quadrature FM demodulator, pre emphasis and de emphasis, limiter
circuits, FM Capture effect, FM receiver, FM stereo transmission and reception, Two way FM Radio
Transmitter and Receiver.
Unit VII SSB Transmission: Introduction, Single Side band systems, AM-SSB; Full carrier, Suppressed
carrier , reduced carrier, Independent side band, and Vestigial side band, Comparison of SSB Transmission to
conventional AM, Generation of SSB; Filter method, Phase Shift Method, Third Method.
Unit VIII SSB Reception: SSB Product Demodulator, Balanced Modulator as SSB Demodulator, Single Side band
receivers; Single side band BFO Receivers, Coherent Single side band BFO Receivers, Single Side band Envelop
detection receiver, Multi Channel Pilot Carrier SSB Receiver.
Unit IX Pulse Modulation Transmissions and Reception: Introduction, Sampling Theorem Pulse Amplitude
Modulation (PAM), Natural PAM Frequency Spectra for PAM , Flat-top PAM, Sample and hold circuits, Time
division Multiplexing, PAM Modulator Circuit, Demodulation of PAM Signals, Pulse Time Modulation
(PTM); Pulse Width Modulation(PWM), Pulse Position Modulation (PPM), PPM Demodulator.
16
Suggested / Recommended Books:

Electronic communication Systems by Kennedy & Davis, Tata Mcgraw Hill.
Analog Communication Systems by Manoj Kumar & Manisha, Satya Prakashan, New Delhi, 2nd Edition.
Electronic Communication System, Tomasi, Pearson Education.
Electronic Communication, Roddy, Pearson Education.
Analog Communication Systems by Symon Hykens, John Wiley & Sons .
Principles of Communication System, Taub & Schilling, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
BTEC402 Signals & Systems

Unit I Classification of Signals and Systems: Continuous time signals (CT signals), discrete time signals (DT
signals) - Step, Ramp, Pulse, Impulse, Exponential, Classification of CT and DT signals - periodic & aperiodic, random
&deterministic signals, Even& Odd Signals, Energy & Power Signals, Description of continuous time and discrete
time systems.
Unit II Analysis of Continuous Time Signals: Fourier series analysis, Spectrum of C.T. signals, Fourier
Transform and its properties in Signal Analysis, Power Spectral Density and Energy spectral density.
Unit III Linear Time Invariant -Continuous Time Systems: Linear Time invariant Systems and their
properties. Differential equation & Block diagram representation, Impulse response, Convolution integral,
Frequency response (Transfer Function), Fourier transforms analysis.
Unit IV Analysis of Discrete Time Signals: Sampling of CT signals and aliasing, DTFT and its properties, Ztransform and properties of Z-transform.
Unit V Linear Time Invariant - Discrete Time System: Difference equations, Block diagram representation,
Impulse response, Convolution sum, LTI systems analysis using DTFT and Z-transforms.
Unit VI Random Signal Theory: Introduction to probabilities, Definition, probability of Random events, Joint and
conditional probability, probability Mass function statistical averages. Probability density functions and statistical
averages. Examples of P.D. function, transformation of random variables random processes, stationary, True
averages and Ergodic.
Signals and Systems by Allan V.Oppenheim, S.Wilsky and S.H.Nawab, Pearson Education.
Fundamentals of Signals and Systems by Edward W Kamen & Bonnies Heck, Pearson Education.
Communication Signals & System by Simon Haykins, John Wiley & Sons.
Signals and Systems by H P Hsu, Rakesh Ranjan, Schaums Outlines, Tata McGraw Hill.
Digital Signal Processing by S Salivahanan, A. Vallavaraj, C. Gnanapriya, McGraw Hill International.
Signals and Systems by Simon Haykins and Barry Van Veen, John Wiley & sons, Inc.
Signal, System & Transforms, Phillips, Pearson Education.
Roberts, Signals & Linear Systems, by Robert A. Gabel and Richard A., John Wiley.
Signals & systems, by Rodger E. Ziemer, William H. Tranter, D. Ronald Fannin. Pearson Education.
BTEC403 Electromagnetics & Antennas

Unit I Electromagnetic Waves: Maxwell's equations in differential and integral forms Wave equation and its
solution in different media, polarization. Plane wave propagation in a dielectric medium, Reflection and
transmission of an EM waves. Surface impedance, Poynting theorem.
17
Unit II Waveguides and Transmission Lines: Waves between parallel planes. TE, TM and TEM Waves,
velocities of propagation, Attenuation in parallel plane guides, wave impedance. Circuit representation of
parallel plane transmission lines. Low loss transmission lines. Distortion less condition. Smith charts.
Rectangular and circular wave guides. Wave impedance and characteristics impedances. Transmission line
analogy for wave guides.
Unit III Antennas: introduction, concept of radiation in single wire, two wire, and dipole, Antenna parameters,
Retarded potential, infinitesimal dipole. Current distribution of short dipole and half wave dipole, Far-field,
Radiating near-field and reactive near-field region, Monopole and Half wave dipole.
Unit IV Antenna Arrays: Array of two point sources, Array factor, Array configurations, Hansen-woodyard end fire
array, n-element linear array with uniform amplitude and spacing, n-element linear array with nonuniform spacing,
Analysis of Binomial and Dolph-Tschebysceff array, Scanning Array, Super directive array. Unit V Aperture
Antennas: Field Equivalence principle, Rectangular and circular aperture antennas, Horn antenna, Babinets
Principle, Slot Antenna, Reflector antenna.
Unit VI Wave Propagation: Free space equation, Reflection from earths surface, Surface and Space wave
propagation, Range of space wave propagation, Effective earths radius, Duct propagation, Troposphere
propagation. Structure of ionosphere, propagation of radio waves through ionosphere, Critical frequency,
Maximum usable frequency, Optimum working frequency, lowest usable high frequency, virtual height, Skip
Distance, Effect of earths magnetic field.
Electromagnetics and radiating systems, Jordan E.C., PHI.
Antenna Theory, Balanis C.A, John Wiley & sons.
Antenna and wave propagation, R.L.Yadava, PHI
Problem and solutions in electromagneics, W H Hayt and J A buck, Tata McGraw Hill
Antenna Theory, Krauss J.D., McGraw Hill.
Shen/Kong/Patnaik, Engineering Electromagnetics, Cengage Learning.
BTEC-404 Electronics Measurements and Instrumentation

Unit I Fundamentals: Generalized instrumentation system - Units and Standards, Calibration Methods,
Standards of measurements, Classification of errors, error analysis. Static Characteristics- Accuracy, Precision,
sensitivity, linearity, resolution,
hysteresis, threshold, input impedance, loading effects etc. Dynamic
Characteristics.
Unit II Electronic Meters: Electronic Analog voltmeter: DC voltmeters-Choppers type-DC amplifier, solid
state voltmeter, Differential voltmeter, peak responding voltmeter, True RMS voltmeter, calibration of DC
voltmeters. Digital Voltmeter:- Introduction, Ramp Techniques, dual slope, integrating type DVM, Successive
approximation type DVM, Resolution and sensitivity of digital meters, general specification of a DVM. CROs
18
study of various stages in brief, measurement of voltage, current phase and frequency, special purpose
oscilloscope.
Unit III Measuring Instruments: Principle of operation of galvanometer, PMMC, Moving Iron instruments,
Resistance measurements using Wheatstone bridge, Kelvin Double Bridge, Ohm meter, AC bridges: Maxwell bridge,
Maxwell wein bridge, Heys Bridge, Schering Bridge, Anderson Bridge, Campbell Bridge.
Unit IV Instrumentation for Generation and Analysis of Waveforms: Signal generators: Fixed and variable AF
oscillators, AF sine and square wave generator, Function generator: Square and pulse generator, Sweep generator,
wave analyzer, harmonic distortion analyzer, spectrum analyzer, spectrum analysis.
Unit V Storage and Display Devices: Necessity of recorders, recording requirements, graphic recorders, strip chart
recorders, magnetic tape recorders, digital tape recorders. Electronic indicating instruments, seven segment
display, fourteen segmental display Nixie tube.
Unit VI Transducers and DATA Acquisition Systems: Strain gauge, LVDT, thermocouple, piezoelectric,
crystal and photoelectric transducers and their applications. Data acquisition systems.
Unit VII Telemetry: Introduction, method of data transmission, types of telemetry systems and applications.
Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation, by K. SAWHNEY.
Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, by D Cooper.
Electronic Instrumentation, by H.S. Kalsi, Tata McGraw Hill
Applied Electronics Instrumentation and measurement, David Buchla, Wayne Melachlan:
Electronics Measurement and Instrumentation,Oliver by B.H and Cag J.M. McGrawHill.
Element of Electronic Instrumentation & Measurment, by Carr, Pearson Education.
Electronic Measurments & Instrumentation, by Kishore, Pearson Education.
Process Control Systems and Instrumentation, Bartelt, Cengage Learning
BTEC405 Pulse Wave Shaping and Switching

Unit I Introduction to Basic Elements and Waveforms: Passive and Active circuit elements, AC through
inductor and capacitor, AC through Resistor-inductor and resistor-capacitor in series, Series and parallel
resonance circuit, Different input signals, Average and RMS value.
Unit II Bistable Multivibrators: Role of feedback in electronic circuits, Fixed bias and self-bias bistable
multivibrator, Speed-up Capacitors, unsymmetrical and symmetrical triggering, Application of Trigger input at the
base of OFF Transistor, Application of Trigger input at the base of ON Transistor, Bisatble multivibrator as T
Flip-Flop, Schmitt trigger circuit, Calculation of Upper Tripping Point and Lower Tripping Point.
Unit III Monostable and Astable Multivibrators: Collector Couple and Emitter Coupled Monostable
multivibrator, Expression for Gate width, Astable Collector coupled and emitter coupled multivibrator,
complementary Transistor Astable multivibrator.
19
Unit IV Switching Characteristics of Devices: Diode and transistor as electronic switch, Breakdown
mechanism in diode, Effect of temperature on diode, Charge storage phenomena, Switching times in diode and
transistor, Delay time, Rise time, Storage time and fall time, Use of Schotkey diode for reducing storage time.
Unit V Linear Wave Shaping: Low pass RC Network, Response to standard waveforms circuits, Integrator
High Pass RC circuits, Response to standard waveforms, Differentiator, Double differentiation, Attenuator.
Unit VI NON- Linear Wave Shaping: Clipping circuits (diode & transistor), Diode comparators, Transistor
differential comparator, Operational amplifier comparator, clamping circuits, Practical clamping circuit,
clamping circuit theorem.
Pulse and Digital Switching Circuits by Milliman, Taub; Tata Mcgraw Hill
Pulse and Digital Circuits by Mothiki S. Prakash Rao; Tata Mcgraw Hill
Pulse & Digital Circuits, by Rao K, Pearson Education.
Switching Theory & Logic Design, by Rao , Pearson Education.
Wave Generation and Shaping by Strauss McGraw Hill.
Pulse and Switching Circuits by Sanjeev Kumar; Dhanpat Rai & Company
BTEC406 LAB Analog Communication Systems

Generation of DSB & DSB-SC AM signal using balanced modulator & determine modulation Index &
detection of DSB using Diode detector.
Generation of SSB AM signal & detection of SSB signal using product detector.
To generate a FM Signal using Varactor & reactance modulation.
Detection of FM Signal using PLL & foster seelay & resonant detector.
To Study Super heterodyne AM receiver and measurement of receiver parameters viz. sensitivity, selectivity
& fidelity.
To study the circuit of PWM & PPM modulator & Demodulator
Study of Frequency Division Multiplexing / Demultiplexing with sinusoidal & audio inputs Using DSBSC.
Generation & study of Analog TDM at least 4 channels.
Sampling Theorem & Reconstruction of Signal from its samples using Natural Sampling, Flat Top Sampling
& Sample & Hold Circuits & effect of duty cycle.
To draw & study Polar plots & polarization of Helical, Ground plane, Yagiuda & dipole Antenna & calculate
Antenna gain, Antenna beam width, Element current & Front-back ratio of antenna.
To study Antenna matching using stubline.
To study a transmission line attenuation & frequency characteristics.
20
BTEC407 Electronic Measurement & Instrumentation

Measurement of Inductance by Maxwells Bridge.
Measurement of small resistance by Kelvins Bridge.
Measurement of Capacitance by Schering Bridge.
Measurement of Frequency by Wein Bridge.
Measurement of medium resistance by Wheat Stones Bridge.
Determination of frequency & phase angle using C.R.O.
To find the Q of a coil using LCR-Q meter.
To determine output characteristic of a LVDT and determine its sensitivity.
Study characteristics of temperature transducer like Thermocouple, Thermistor and RTD with implementation
of small project using signal conditioning circuit.
Study characteristics of Light transducer like Photovoltaic cell, Phototransistor and Pin Photodiode with
implementation of small project using signal conditioning circuit.
To study input- output characteristics of a potentiometer and to use two potentiometers as an error detector.
To study transmitter- receiver characteristics of a synchro set to use the set as control component.
To study the operation of a d-c positional servo system and to investigate the effect of damping and supply
voltage on its response.
To study the operation of an a.c. position servo-system and to obtain effects of supply voltage and system
parameter on its transient response.
To study a stepper motor and control its direction speed and number of steps with the help of a microprocessor.
BTEC408 Lab Signal & Systems Using MATLAB / MENTOR DSP

Generation of continuous and Discrete Unit step signal.
Generation of exponential and Ramp Signal in Continuous and Discrete Domain.
Continuous and Discrete time Convolution.
Adding and subtracting two Given Signals (Continues as well as Discrete Signals)
To generate a random binary wave.
To Generate a Random Sequences with arbitrary distribution, means and Variances for following:
Rayleigh Distribution
Uniform distribution
Gaussian distribution.
To Plot Probability density functions. Find Mean and Variance for the above distribution
21
To study Power Spectrum Density

To study Difference Equation to develop elementary signal function modules (m-files) for unit sample, unit
step, exponential and unit ramp sequences.
To develop program modules based on operation on sequences like signal shifting, signal folding, signal
addition and signal multiplication.
To develop program for discrete convolution and correlation .
To develop program for finding response of the LTI system described by the difference equation.
To develop program for computing inverse Z-transform.
22
Fifth Semester
BTCS 304 Data Structures

PART-A
1. Dynamic Memory Management: Understanding pointers, usage of pointers, arithmetic on pointers, memory
allocation, memory management functions and operators, debugging pointers - dangling pointers, memory
[2]
leaks, etc.
2. Introduction: Concept of data type, definition and brief description of various data structures, data structures
[2]
versus data types, operations on data structures, algorithm complexity, Big O notation.
3. Arrays: Linear and multi-dimensional arrays and their representation, operations on arrays, sparse matrices
[3]
and their storage.
4. Linked List: Linear linked list, operations on linear linked list, doubly linked list, operations on doubly linked
[4]
list, application of linked lists.
5. Stacks: Sequential and linked representations, operations on stacks, application of stacks such as parenthesis
checker, evaluation of postfix expressions, conversion from infix to postfix representation, implementing
[4]
recursive functions.
6. Queues: Sequential representation of queue, linear queue, circular queue, operations on linear and circular
queue, linked representation of a queue and operations on it, deque, priority queue, applications of queues.
[4]
PART-B
7. Trees: Basic terminology, sequential and linked representations of trees, traversing a binary tree using
recursive and non-recursive procedures, inserting a node, deleting a node, brief introduction to threaded binary
[4]
trees, AVL trees and B-trees.

8. Heaps: Representing a heap in memory, operations on heaps, application of heap in implementing priority
[2]
queue and heap sort algorithm.

9. Graphs: Basic terminology, representation of graphs (adjacency matrix, adjacency list), traversal of a graph
[3]
(breadth-first search and depth-first search), and applications of graphs.

10. Hashing & Hash Tables: Comparing direct address tables with hash tables, hash functions, concept of
collision and its resolution using open addressing and separate chaining, double hashing, rehashing.
[3]
Searching & Sorting: Searching an element using linear search and binary search techniques, Sorting arrays
using bubble sort, selection sort, insertion sort, quick sort, merge sort, heap sort, shell sort and radix sort,
complexities of searching & sorting algorithms.
1. Sartaj Sahni, Data Structures, Algorithms and Applications in C++, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Tenenbaum, Augenstein, & Langsam, Data Structures using C and C++, Prentice Hall of India.
3. R. S. Salaria, Data Structures & Algorithms Using C++, Khanna Book Publishing Co. (P) Ltd.
4. Seymour Lipschutz, Data Structures, Schaum's Outline Series, Tata McGraw Hill
5. Kruse, Data Structures & Program Design, Prentice Hall of India.
6. R. S. Salaria, Test Your Skills in Data Structures
[5]
BTEC-501
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Internal Marks: 40
LTP
External Marks: 60
310
Total Marks: 100

UNIT I: - Elements of Digital Communication System:- Block diagram of Digital
Communication system, Digital representation of Analog signals, Advantages and
Disadvantages of Digital Communication system, Bandwidth -S/N trade off, Hartley
Shannon Law, Sampling theorem . Concept of amount of Information and entropy,
Shannon Fano Source Coding, Huffman source coding and Lampel-Ziv Source coding
algorithm.
UNIT-II: - Pulse Code Modulation:- Sampling, Sampling Rate, Aliasing, quantization error,
Uniform and Non uniform quantization, Dynamic Range, Coding efficiency, A law & law
companding, Bandwidth of PCM, Block diagram of PCM system, Delta Modulation,
Continuously variable Slope Delta Modulator (CVSDM) or Adaptive Delta Modulation,
Differential Pulse Code Modulation, Intersymbol Interference, Eye Patterns, Signal power in
binary digital signals.
UNIT-III Line Coding & Multiplexing Techniques: Line Coding & its properties.
NRZ & RZ types, signaling format for unipolar, Polar, bipolar (AMI) & Manchester
coding and their power spectra (No derivation), HDB and B8ZS signaling, Nyquists
criterions for pulse shaping, Fundamentals of time division multiplexing, Bit versus word
interleaving, Statistical TDM, Codecs & Combo Chips. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and
CDMA
UNIT-IV
Digital Carrier Modulation & Demodulation Techniques: Introduction,
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), ASK Spectrum, ASK Modulator, Coherent ASK
Detector, Noncoherent ASK Detector, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), FSK Bit Rate and
Baud, Bandwidth and Frequency Spectrum of FSK, FSK Transmitter, Non-coherent FSK
Detector, Coherent FSK Detector, FSK Detection Using PLL, Binary Phase Shift Keying,
Binary PSK Spectrum, BPSK Transmitter, Coherent PSK Detection, Quadrature Phase
Shift Keying (QPSK), QPSK Demodulator, Offset QPSK, /4 QPSK, Comparison of
conventional QPSK, Offset QPSK and /4 QPSK, M-Ary BPSK, Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation (QAM); MQAM transmitters and receivers, Band Width efficiency, Carrier
Recovery; Squaring Loop & Costas Loop, Differential PSK, DBPSK transmitter and
receiver, Constant Envelop Modulation; Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) & Gaussian
Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK ), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and
probability of error calculations for ASK, PSK, FSK schemes.
TEXT BOOK RECOMMENDED
1. Electronic Communication System Fundamentals through Advance Wayne
Tomasi 5th 2009 Pearson Education.
2. Communication Systems, Fourth Edition, Simon Haykin, Wiley publication.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. Modern Electronic Communication, (6th edition), by Gary M. Miller, published by
Prentice-Hall, 1999
2. Introduction to Communication Systems, third edition, by F. G. Stremler,
AddisonWesley, 1990.
3. Digital Communication, E.A. Lee and D.G. Messerschmitt, , Kluwer Academic
Publishers,1994
4. Digital Communication Receivers, H. Meyr, M. Moeneclaey, S.A. Fechtel, Wiley,
1998
5. Modulation and Coding Techniques in Wireless Communications by EVGENII
KROUK, SERGEI SEMENOV, WILEY, 2011.
BTEC-502
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
L T P
4 1 0
UNIT I
Introduction: Limitations of analog signal processing, Advantages of digital signal
processing and its applications; Some elementary discrete time sequences and systems; Basic
elements of digital signal processing such as convolution, correlation and
autocorrelation, Concepts of stability, causality, linearity, difference equations. DFT and its
properties; Linear Periodic and Circular convolution; Linear Filtering Methods based on
DFT; Fast Fourier Transform algorithm using decimation in time and decimation
frequency techniques; Goertzel algorithm.
UNIT II
The Z Transform: Introduction, Z-Transform, Region of convergence; Inverse Z
Transform methods, properties of Z transform.
UNIT III
Design of Digital Filters: Structures of realization of discrete time system, direct form,
Cascade form, parallel form and lattice structure of FIR and IIR systems. Linear Phase
FIR filters; Design methods for FIR filters; IIR filter design by Impulse Invariance,
Bilinear Transformation, Matched Z-Transformation, Analog and Digital Transformation
in the Frequency Domain. Finite Precision Effects: Fixed point and Floating point
representations, Effects of coefficient unitization, Effect of round off noise in digital
filters, Limit cycles.
UNIT IV
DSP Processors: Architectures of ADSP and TMS series of processor.
RECOMMENDED TEXT BOOK
Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and Application John G Proakis,
Dimtris G Manolakis 4th 2009.
Books Recommended
1. Discrete-Time Signal Processing Alan V Oppenheim, Ronald W Schafer, John R
Back 2nd 2008, Prentice Hall.
2. Digital Signal Processing S. Salivahan, A Vallavaraj, Gnanpiya 1st 2008 Tata
McGraw Hill.
3. Digital Signal Processing-A computer based approach S. K. Mitra 1st 2006 Tata
McGraw Hill
4. Jervis, Digital Signal Processing, Pearson Education India.
5. Introduction to Digital Signal Processing Johny R.Johnson 1st 2006, Prentice
Hall.
BTEC-503
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
Internal Marks: 40
LTP
External Marks: 60
310
Total Marks: 100

UNIT I
DIFFERENTIAL AND CASCADE AMPLIFIERS: Introduction, Differential
Amplifier, Differential Amplifier Circuit Configuration, Dual Input-Balanced output
Differential Amplifier, Dual Input-Unbalanced output Differential Amplifier, Single
Input-Balanced output Differential Amplifier, Single Input-unbalanced output
Differential Amplifier with their DC and AC analysis, Differential Amplifier with
swamping resistors, Constant current bias, Current Mirror, Cascaded differential
Amplifier Stages, Level Translator, CE-CB configuration.
UNIT II
INTRODUCTION TO OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS: Block diagram of a typical
Op-Amp, Schematic symbol, integrated circuits and their types, IC package types, Pin
Identification and temperature range, Interpretation of data sheets, Overview of typical
set of data sheets, Characteristics and performance parameters of and Op-Amp, Ideal
Op-Amp, Equivalent circuit of an Op-Amp, Ideal voltage transfer curve, Open loop
configurations : Differential, Inverting & Non Inverting. Practical Op-Amp: Input offset
voltage, Input bias current, Input offset current, total output offset voltage, Thermal drift,
Effcet of variation in power supply voltages on offset voltage, Change in Input offset
voltage and Input offset current with time, Temperature and supply voltage sensitive
parameters, Noise, Common Mode configuration and common mode rejection Ratio.
Feedback configurations.
UNIT III
APLICATIONS OF OP-AMP: DC and AC amplifiers, Peaking Amp, Summing,
Scaling and Averaging Amp, Instrumentation Amplifier, V to I and I and to V converter,
Log and Antilog Amp, Integrator, Differentiator. Active filters: First order LP
Butterworth filter, Second order LP Butterworth filter, First order HP Butterworth filter,
Second order HP Butterworth filter, Higher order filters, Band pass filter, Band reject
filters, All pass filter, Phase shift oscillator, Wein bridge oscillator, Quadrature
oscillator, Square wave generator, Triangular wave generator, Sawtooth wave generator,
Voltage controlled oscillator, Basic comparator, Zero crossing detector, Schmitt trigger,
window detector, V to F and F to V converters, A to D and D to A converters, Peak
Detector, Sample and Hold Circuit.
UNIT IV
SPECIALIZED IC APPLICATIONS: IC 555 Timer: Pin configuration, Block

diagram, application of IC 555 as Monostable and Astable Multivibrator., Phase Lock
Loops: Operating principles & applications of IC 565, Voltage Regulators: Fixed voltage
regulators, Adjustable voltage regulators, Switching Regulators.
Recommended Text Book:
1. Op Amps & Linear Integrated circuits by Ramakant Gayakwad.
Recommended Reference Books
1. Op Amps & Linear Integrated circuits by Coughlin
2. Op Amps & Linear Integrated circuits by RaviRaj Dudeja.
BTEC-504
MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS
Internal Marks: 40
LTP
External Marks: 60
410
Total Marks: 100

Unit I
INTRODUCTION TO 8085 MICROPROCESSOR: History and evolution of
Microprocessors, 8085 Microprocessor, Memory Interfacing, Memory mapped I/O and
peripheral mapped I/O 8085 Microprocessor Programming model. Introduction to 8085
instructions, programming techniques, counters and time delays, stack and subroutines,
interrupts.
Unit II
8051 MICROCONTROLLER: Comparison of Microprocessor and Microcontroller,
micro controller and embedded processors, Architecture and pin configuration of 8051
Unit III
8051 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING: Introduction to 8051 Assembly
programming, Data Types and directives, 8051 flag bits and PSW register. Register
banks and stack. Jump loop and call instructions, I/O Port programming: Addressing
modes and accessing memory using various addressing modes. Arithmetic instructions and
programs, Logic instructions and programs, Single bit instructions and programming,
Timer/counter programming in the 8051.
Unit IV
SERIAL COMMUNICATION: 8051 connection to RS 232, 8051 serial communication
programming, interfacing of 8051microcontroller: LCD, ADC and DAC, Stepper motor.
Recommended Text Books:1. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and application with 8085 by Gaonkar
2. The 8051 Microcontroller and embedded Systems by: - Ali Mazidi, Pearson Education
3. The 8051 Microcontroller by K. J. Ayala, Cengage Learning.
BTEC-505
LAB DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
Total Marks: 50
L T P
002
List Of Experiments:
Perform the following exercises using MATLAB
1. To develop elementary signal function modules (m-files) for unit sample, unit
step, exponential and unit ramp sequences.
2. Write a program in MATLAB to generate standard sequences.
3. Write a program in MATLAB to compute power density spectrum of a sequence.
4. To develop program modules based on operation on sequences like signal
Shifting, signal folding, signal addition and signal multiplication.
5. Write a program in MATLAB to verify linear convolution.
6. Write a program in MATLAB to verify the circular convolution.
7. To develop program for finding magnitude and phase response of LTI system
Described by system function H(z).
8. To develop program for finding response of the LTI system described by the
difference equation.
9. To develop program for computing inverse Z-transform.
10. To develop program for computing DFT and IDFT.
11. To develop program for conversion of direct form realization to cascade form
realization.
12. To develop program for cascade realization of IIR and FIR filters.
13. To develop program for designing FIR filter.
14. To develop program for designing IIR filter.
15. To write a MATLAB program for noise reduction using correlation and
autocorrelation methods.
16. To write a MATLAB programs for pole-zero plot, amplitude, phase response and
impulse response from the given transfer function of a discrete-time
causal system.
17. Write a program in MATLAB to find frequency response of different types of
analog
filters.
18. Write a program in MATLAB to design FIR filter (LP/HP) through Window
technique
a. Using rectangular window
b. Using triangular window
BTEC-506
Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
LAB LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRUIT

L T P
002
Total Marks: 50
List Of Experiments:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
To study differential amplifier configurations.

To measure the performance parameters of an Op amp.
Application of Op amp as Inverting and Non Inverting amplifier.
To study frequency response of an Op Amp
To use the Op-Amp as summing, scaling & averaging amplifier.
To use the Op-Amp as Instrumentation amplifier
Design differentiator and Integrator using Op-Amp.
Application of Op Amp as Log and Antilog amplifier. Design Low pass, High
pass and Band pass 1st order butterworth active filters using Op Amp.
9. Design Phase shift oscillator using Op-Amp.
10. Design Wein Bridge oscillator using Op-Amp.
11. Application of Op Amp as Sawtooth wave generator.
12. Application of Op Amp as Zero Crossing detector and window detector.
13. Application of Op Amp as Schmitt Trigger.
14. Design a series regulators with an error amplifier to provide an output voltage of 5
volt at a load current of 1.5 Amp. Use a 741 Op-Amp and specify the Zener
voltage necessary transistor gain and the maximum power dissipation of the
transistor.
15. Design a delay circuit using 555.
16. To examine the operation of a PLL and to determine the free running frequency,
the capture range and the lock in range of PLL.
17. Verification of hardware results obtained using SPICE.
BTEC-507
Lab-Digital Communication System
Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
LTP
002
Total Marks: 50
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Study of Time Division Multiplexing system.
2. Study of pulse code modulation and demodulation.
3. Study of delta modulation and demodulation and observe effect of slope overload.
4. Study pulse data coding techniques for various formats.
5. Data decoding techniques for various formats.
6. Study of amplitude shift keying modulator and demodulator.
7. Study of frequency shift keying modulator and demodulator.
8. Study of phase shift keying modulator and demodulator.
9. Error Detection & Correction using Hamming Code
10. Digital link simulation; error introduction & error estimation in a digital link using
MATLAB (SIMULINK)/ communication simulation packages.
BTEC-508
Lab Hardware Programme & Interfacing
Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
LTP
002
Total Marks: 50
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
Note: Any Eight Experiments each from Part A and Part-B Part-A: List
of Experiments using 8085/8086:
1. Study of 8085 and 8086 Microprocessor Kits.
2. Write a program to add two 8-bit number using 8085.
3. Write a program to add two 16-bit number using 8085.
4. Write a program to subtract two 8-bit number using 8085.
5. Write a program to subtract two 16-bit number using 8085.
6. Write a program to multiply two 8 bit numbers by repetitive addition method using
8085.
7. Write a program to sort series using bubble sort algorithm using 8085.
8. Write a program to copy 12 bytes of data from source to destination using 8086.
9. Write a program to find maximum and minimum from series using 8086.
10. Write a program to control the operation of stepper motor using 8085/8086
microprocessors and 8255 PPI.
11. Write a program to control speed of DC motor using 8085/8086 microprocessors and
8255 PPI.
Part-B: List of Experiments using 8051:
1. Study of 8051/8031 Micro controller kits.
2. Write a program to add two numbers lying at two memory locations and display the
result.
3. Write a program for multiplication of two numbers lying at memory location and display
the result.
4. Write a Program to arrange 10 numbers stored in memory location in Ascending and
Descending order.
5. Write a program to show the use of INT0 and INT1.
6. Write a program of Flashing LED connected to port 1 of the Micro Controller
7. Write a program to generate a Ramp waveform using DAC with micro controller.
8. Write a program to interface the ADC.
9. Write a program to control a stepper motor in direction, speed and number of steps.
10. Write a program to control the speed of DC motor.
11. Interfacing of high power devices to Micro-controller port-lines, LED, relays and
LCD display.
Sixth Semester
BTCS 401
OPERATING SYSTEMS
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
L T P
3 1 0
PART-A
1. Introduction to Operating system, Role of Operating System as resource manager, function of
kernel and shell, operating system structures, views of an operating system.
2. Process management: CPU scheduling, Scheduling Algorithms, PCB, Process synchronization,
Deadlocks, Prevention, Detection and Recovery.
3. Memory Management: Overlays, Memory management policies, Fragmentation and its types,
Partitioned memory managements, Paging, Segmentation, Need of Virtual memories, Page
replacement Algorithms, Concept of Thrashing.
PART-B
4. Device Management: I/O system and secondary storage structure, Device management policies,
Role of I/O traffic controller, scheduler.
5. File Management: File System Architecture, Layered Architecture, Physical and Logical File
Systems, Protection and Security.
6. Brief study to multiprocessor and distributed operating systems.
7. Case Studies: LINUX / UNIX Operating System and Windows based operating systems.
1. A Silberschatz and Peter B. Galvin, Operating System Concepts" Addison Wesley Publishing
Company
2. Dhamdhere, Systems Programming & Operating Systems Tata McGraw Hill
3. Gary Nutt, Operating Systems Concepts, Pearson Education Ltd. 3rd Edition
4. Operating System by Madnick Donovan
5. Operating System by Stallings
BTEC-601
MICROWAVE AND RADAR ENGINEERING
Internal Marks: 40
L T P
External Marks: 60
4 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Microwave Tubes: Limitations of conventional tubes, construction, operation and properties of
Klystron Amplifier, reflex Klystron, Magnetron, Travelling Wave Tube (TWT), Backward Wave
Oscillator (BWO), Crossed field amplifiers.
Microwave Solid State Devices: Limitation of conventional solid state devices at Microwaves,
Transistors (Bipolar, FET), Diodes (Tunnel, Varactor, PIN), Transferred Electron Devices (Gunn
diode), Avalanche transit time effect (IMPATT, TRAPATT, SBD), Microwave Amplification by
Stimulated Emission of Radiation (MASER).
Microwave Components: Analysis of Microwave components using s-parameters, Junctions (E,
H, Hybrid), Directional coupler, Bends and Corners, Microwave posts, S.S. tuners, Attenuators,
Phase shifter, Ferrite devices (Isolator, Circulator, Gyrator), Cavity resonator, Matched termination.
Microwave Measurements: Power measurements using calorimeters and bolometers,
Measurement of Standing Wave Ratio (SWR), Frequency and wavelength, Microwave bridges.
Introduction to Radar Systems: Basic Principle: Block diagram and operation of Radar, Radar
range Equation, Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) and Range Ambiguities, Applications of Radar.
Doppler Radars: Doppler determination of velocity, Continuous Wave (CW) radar and its
limitations, Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar, Basic principle and operation of
Moving Target Indicator (MTI) radar, Delay line cancellers, Blind speeds and staggered PRFs. Scanning
and Tracking Techniques: Various scanning techniques (Horizontal, vertical, spiral, palmer, raster,
nodding), Angle tracking systems (Lobe switching, conical scan, monopulse), Range tracking systems,
Doppler (velocity) tracking systems.
Text books:
1. Microwave devices and circuits: Samuel Liao; PHI
2. Microwave devices and Radar Engg: M. Kulkarni; Umesh Publications
3. Introduction to radar systems: Merill I. Skolnik
Reference Books:
1. Foundation of Microwave Engg. : R.E. Collin; McGraw Hill
2. Microwave Engg: K.C Gupta
BTEC-602
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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3 1 0
Introduction: A basic cellular system, performance criteria, operation of cellular systems, planning
a cellular system, analog & digital cellular systems. Examples of Wireless Communication
Systems: Paging Systems, Cordless Telephone Systems, Cellular Telephone Systems. Blue tooth
and Zig Bee.
Elements of Cellular Radio Systems Design: General description of the problem, concept of
frequency reuse channels, co-channel interference reduction factor, desired C/I from a normal case
in an omni directional antenna system, cell splitting, consideration of the components of cellular
systems.
Digital Communication through fading multipath channels: Fading channel and their
characteristics- Channel modeling, Digital signaling over a frequency non selective slowly fading
channel. Concept of diversity branches and signal paths. Combining methods: Selective diversity
combining, Switched combining, maximal ratio combining, Equal gain combining.
Multiple Access Techniques for Wireless Communications: Introduction, Frequency Division
Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Spread Spectrum Multiple
Access, Space Division Multiple Access, Packet Radio Protocols; Pure ALOHA, Slotted ALLOHA.
Wireless Systems & Standards: AMPS and ETACS, United states digital cellular (IS- 54 & IS 136),
Global system for Mobile (GSM): Services, Features, System Architecture, and Channel Types,
Frame Structure for GSM, Speech Processing in GSM, GPRS/EDGE specifications and features. 3G
systems: UMTS & CDMA 2000 standards and specifications. CDMA Digital standard (IS 95):
Frequency and Channel specifications, Forward CDMA Channel, Reverse CDMA Channel, Wireless
Cable Television.
Future trends: 4G mobile techniques, LTE-Advance systems
Recommended Text Books:
1. T.S.Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, 2nd Edition, Pearson
Education Asia, 2010.
2. William C Y Lee, Mobile Cellular Telecommunications, 2nd Edition, MGH, 2004.
3. Raj Pandya, Mobile and Personal Communication systems and services, Prentice Hall of
India, 2001.
4. Wireless and Digital Communications; Dr. Kamilo Feher (PHI)
BTEC-603 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS & INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT

External Marks: 60
Internal Marks: 40
Total Marks: 100
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Cost analysis: Break-even analysis, two and three alternatives, graphical solution. Breakeven
charts, effects of changes in fixed and variable costs. Minimum cost analysis,
economics order quality. Effect of risk and uncertainty on lot size.
Replacement Studies: Reasons for replacement, factors to be considered in replacement Studies,
discounted cash flow analysis, economic life of a project, challenger and defender.
Economic Analysis Of Investment Alternatives : Basic economy study patterns and their
comparison, decision making in selection of alternative by present worth methods, rate of return
method, payout period method and uniform annual cost method, economic
analysis of new projects, effect of taxation on economic studies.
Cost Estimation : Difference between cost estimation and cost accounting, qualifications
of an estimator. Estimating procedure, Estimate of material cost and labour cost. Estimation of cost in
various manufacturing operations.
Depreciation : Types of depreciation and their Methods.
Concepts of Industrial Management: Concept, Development, application and scope of Industrial
Management , Functions of Management, Evolution of Management Thought : Taylors Scientific
Management, Fayols,Principles of Management, Douglas Mc-Gregors Theory X and Theory Y,
Mayos Hawthorne, Experiments, Hertzbergs Two Factor Theory of Motivation, Maslows
Hierarchy of Human Needs
Productivity : Definition, measurement, productivity index, types of production system, Industrial
Ownership.
Designing Organizational Structures: Concept, Importance and characteristics of organization,
Types of organization - Project, matrix and informal organization. Span of control, Delegation of
authority.
Materials Management-Objectives, Inventory - functions, types, associated costs, Inventory
Control Systems-Continuous review system-periodical review system. Stores Management and Stores
Records. Purchase management, duties of purchase of manager,
associated forms.
TEXT BOOKS
1. O.P Khanna, Industrial Engineering.
2. T.N. Bhagooiwal Economics of Labour and Industrial Relations (Sahitya BhawanAgra)
3. Engineering Economy : Thuesen Prentice Hall
REFERENCES
1. Minappa and Personnel Managements M.S. Saiyada (Tata Mc Graw Hill)
2. C.B. Mamoria Personnel Management (Himalaya publishing house Bombay)
3. Engg. Economics Analysis Bullinger
4. Introduction to Econometrics : Kliwen Prentice Hall
BTEC-604
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
VLSI DESIGN
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Introduction: Introduction to Computer-aided design tools for digital systems. Hardware

description languages, Introduction to VHDL, Data objects, Classes and data types, Operators,
Overloading, and Logical operators. Types of delays, Entity and Architecture declaration
Introduction to behavioral, dataflow and structural models
VHDL Statements: Assignment statements, Sequential Statements and Process, Conditional
Statements, Case Statements, Array and Loops, Resolution Functions, Packages & Libraries,
Concurrent Statements.
Applications of VHDL: Combinational Circuit Design such as such as Multiplexers, Encoders,
Decoders, Code Converters, Comparators, and Implementation of Boolean functions etc.,
Sequential Circuit Design such as Shift registers, Counters etc.
Review of MOS Devices: MOS Structure, Enhancement & Depletion Transistor, Threshold
Voltage, MOS device design equations MOS Transistor Models. NMOS, PMOS, CMOS.
Basic Electrical Properties and Circuit Concepts: The NMOS Inverter and Transfer
Characteristics pull up and pull down ratios of NMOS, alternative forms of pull up the CMOS
Inverter and transfer characteristics. CMOS Inverter Delays. Driving large Capacitive loads,
Propagation delays and effect of wiring capacitance.
Circuit Characterization and Performance Estimation: Estimation of R, C, L, Switching
Characteristics-delay models. Power dissipation. Scaling of MOS circuits. Effect of device scaling on
circuit performance.
1. A VHDL Primmer: Bhasker; Prentice Hall 1995.
2. Weste and Eshrighian, Principle of CMOS VLSI Design Pearson Education, 2001.
3. Pucknell D A and Eshraghian K, Basic VLSI Design, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi
(2003).
4. Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design: Brown and Vranesic; TMH(2000)
5. S. M. Kang, Y. Lebiebici, CMOS digital integrated circuits analysis & design TMH,
3rd Edition.
BTEC-605
LAB VLSI
Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
Total Marks: 50
List of Experiments:
Combinational Design Exercises
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1. Design of basic Gates: AND, OR, NOT.

2. Design of universal gates
3. Design of 2:1 Mux using other basic gates
4. Design of 2 to 4 Decoder
5. Design of Half-Adder, Full Adder, Half Substractor, Full Substractor
6. Design of 3:8 Decoder
7. Design of 8:3 Priority Encoder
8. Design of 4 Bit Binary to Grey code Converter
9. Design of 4 Bit Binary to BCD Converter using sequential statement
10. Design an 8 Bit parity generator ( with for loop and Generic statements)
11. Design of 2,s Complementary for 8-bit Binary number using Generate statements
Sequential Design Exercises
12. Design of all type of Flip-Flops using ( if-then-else) Sequential Constructs
13. Design of 8-Bit Shift Register with shift Right, Rhisft Left, Load and Synchronous reset.
14. Design of Synchronous 8-bit Johnson Counter.
15. Design of Synchronous 8-Bit universal shift register ( parallel-in, parallel-out) with 3output ( IC 74299)
16. Design of 4 Bit Binary to BCD Converter using sequential statement.
17. Design counters (MOD 3, MOD 5, MOD 8, MOD 16)
18. Design a decimal up/down counter that counts up from 00 to 99 or down from 99 to 00.
19. Design 3-line to 8-line decoder with address latch
state
BTEC-606
LAB MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
Total Marks: 50
L T P
0 0 2
List of Experiments:
1. Study of microwave components and instruments.
2. Measurement of crystal characteristics and proof of the square law characteristics of the
diode.
3. Measurement of klystron characteristics.
4. Measurement of VSWR and standing wave ratio.
5. Measurement of Dielectric constants.
6. Measurement of Directivity and coupling coefficient of a directional coupler.
7. Measurement of Q of a cavity.
8. Calibration of the attenuation constant of an attenuator.
9. Determination of the radiation characteristics and gain of an antenna.
10. Determination of the phase-shift of a phase shifter.
11. Determination of the standing wave pattern on a transmission line and finding the length and
position of the short circuited stub.
BTEC 901
RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Internal Marks: 40
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External Marks: 60
3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
Introduction to Database Systems:
File Systems Versus a DBMS, Advantages of a DBMS, Describing and Storing Data in a DBMS,
Database System Architecture, DBMS Layers, Data independence.
Physical Data organization: File Organization and Indexing, Index Data Structures, Hashing, Btrees, Clustered Index, Sparse Index, Dense Index, Fixed length and Variable length Records.
Data Models: Relational Model, Network Model, Hierarchical Model, ER Model: Entities,
Attributes and Entity Sets, Relationships and Relationship Sets, Constraints, Weak Entities, Class
Hierarchies, Aggregation, Conceptual Database Design with ER Model, Comparison of Models.
The Relational Model: Introduction to the Relational Model, ER to Relational Model Conversion,
Integrity Constraints over Relations, Enforcing Integrity Constraints, Relational Algebra, Relational
Calculus. querying Relational Data.
Relational Query Languages: SQL: Basic SQL Query, Creating Table and Views, SQL as DML,
DDL and DCL, SQL algebraic Operations, Nested Queries, Aggregate Operations, Cursors,
Dynamic SQL, Integrity Constraints in SQL,Triggers and Active Database, Relational
Completeness, Basic query Optimization Strategies. Algebric Manipulation and Equivalences.[
Database Design:Functional Dependencies, Reasoning about Functional Dependencies, Normal
Forms, Schema Refinement, First, Second and Third Normal Forms, BCNF, Multi-valued
Dependency, Join Dependency, Fourth and Fifth Normal Forms, Domain Key Normal Forms,
Decompositions.
Transaction Management:
ACID properties, Serializability, Two-phase Commit protocol, Concurrency Control, Lock
Management, Lost Update Problem, Inconsistent Read problem , Read-Write Locks, Deadlocks
Handlins. 2pL protocol.
Database Protection:
Threats, Access Control Mechanisms, Discretionary Access Control, Grant and Revoke, Mandatory
Access Control, Bell laPadula Model, Role Based Security, Firewalls, Encryption and Digiral
Signatures.
Suggested ReadingvBooks:
1. Ramez Elmasri, Shamkant Navathe ,Fundamentals of Database Systems, Fifth Edition, pearson
education, 2007.
2. C.J. Date , An Introduction to Database Systems, Eighth Edition, Pearson Education
3. Alexis leon, Mathews Leon , Database Management Systems, Leon Press.
4. S. K. Singh, Database Systems Concepts, Design and Applications, Pearson Educaton.
BTEC 902
MICRO ELECTRONICS
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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INTRODUCTION: Advantages of ICs, General classification of ICs(Linear/Digital ICs

,Monolithic/ Hybrid ICs), Basic IC fabrication steps.
CRYSTAL GRTOWTH AND EPITAXY: Starting material for formation of crystal, Horizontal
Bridgeman Method, Czochralski growth, Distribution of dopants, Zone refining, Silicon Float Zone
process,
Si-Wafer
preparation,
Epitaxial
growth,
Techniques
used
for
epitaxial
growth(LPE,VPE,MBE)
SILICON OXIDATION: Thermal oxidation process (Kinetics of growth , Thin oxide growth),
Effect of impurities on the oxidation rate, Preoxidation Cleaning, Various oxidation techniques,
Masking properties of SiO2 , IV PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY AND ETCHING, Pattern
generation/Mask making, Contact and Proximity printing, Photoresistsl, Photolithography
Process(Lift off technology , Fine line photolithography), Wet/Dry etching, Reactive Plasma
etching techniques and applications
DIFFUSION AND ION IMPLANTATION: Basic diffusion process(Diffusion equation,
Diffusion profiles), Extrinsic diffusion, Lateral Diffusion, Ion Implantation Process (Ion distribution , Ion
Stopping), Implant Damage and Annealing process (Furnace and RTA), VI
IC PACKAGING, Isolation Techniques, Testing of the Chip, Wire Bonding techniques, Flip
Chip technique, Various Packaging methods and Materials, VII FABRICATION OF
MONOLITHIC COMPONENTS, Fabrication of Diodes, Resistors, capacitors and inductors,
Fabrication of BJT and FET, Fabrication of MOS Devices , CMOS fabrication techniques(nwell
and p-well process sequences), Introduction to MEMS.
1. Fundamental of Semiconductor Fabrication:Gray S.May and Simon M.Sze
2. VLSI Technology : Sze.
Reference Books:
1. Microelectronics: Jacob and Millman
BTEC 903
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
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Characteristics of Selected Devices: Fast recovery diodes, Schottky diode, SCR, gate trigger and
commutation circuits, series and parallel connection of SCRs, Diac, Triac, UJT, Power MOSFETs.
Controlled Rectifier: Half wave and full wave with resistive & R-L-E and resistive-inductive
loads. Free-wheeling diode, three phase rectifiers, Bridge rectifiers -half controlled and fully
controlled.
Inverter, Chopper and Cyclo converter: Voltage driven, current driven, bridge, parallel, SCR
versions, control of output voltage-PWM schemes, harmonic reduction
Motor Control: D.C. and A.C. motor control, reversible drives, closed loop control, commutator less
D.C. motor control.
A.C. Voltage Controllers: Types of AC Voltage Controllers, Integral cycle control, single phase
voltage controller, Sequence control of AC voltage (Transformer tap changers)
Books Recommended:
1. Power Electronics - P.C. Sen, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., Ltd., 1987.
2. Power Electronics and Control - S.K. Dutta, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 1986.
BTEC 904
DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Combinational Logic: Review of adders, Subtractor, Multipliers, Multiplexers, ROM, PLA, PAL and
PLD.
Synchronous Sequential Logic: Flip-flops, Triggering of flip-flops, Analysis of clocked sequential
circuits, State reduction and assignment, Flip-flop excitation tables, Design procedure, Design of
counters,
Finite State Machines: Finite state model, Memory elements and their excitation functions,
Synthesis of Synchronous sequential circuits, Capabilities and limitations of FSM, Design,
Modeling and Simulation of Moore and Mealy machines.
Algorithmic State Machines: ASM chart, Timing considerations, Control implementation, Control
Design with multiplexers, PLAs, etc.
Asynchronous Sequential Logic: Analysis Procedure, Circuits with latches, Design procedure,
Reduction of state and flow tables, Race-free state assignment, Hazards, Design examples.
Designing with Programmable Logic Devices and Programmable Gate Arrays: Read only
memories, Programmable logic arrays, Programmable array logic, Designing with FPGAs, Xilinx
series FPGAs
TEXT BOOKS:
1. VHDL - 3rd Edition - Douglas Perry - TMH
2. Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL design - Stephen Brown, Zvonko Vranesic - TMH.
3. Digital Design Principles - William I Fletcher.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Digital System Design Using VHDL - Chales H. Roth.
2. Digital System Design - John Wakerley.
3. VHDL - Zainalabedin Navabbi.
4. VHDL - D. Smith.
BTEC-905
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENT SYSTEMS
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
Basic of intellectual property Rights
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Introduction, Justification and Classification of intellectual property Rights, Classification of

Treaties relating to intellectual property Rights, Stranded setting treaties, Global protection system
treaties, and Classification treats.
Patent System
History of the patent system, Patent on genetic resources, patents on chemicals, designs, patent
based on software, business methods, internet patent, Exception to exclusive rights conferred to a patent
holder, Remember for infringement of a patent.
Copyrights and related rights
Nature and scope of protection of copyrights and related rights, Protection of copyrights in the
digital media. Defense of fair use, Moral rights of the author, Copyrights societies, Remedies for
infringement of Copyrights.
Design rights
Nature and scope of protection of design rights, protection of layout designs (topographies) of
integrated circuits, protection of undisclosed information, protection of trademarks, domain names and
geographical indications.
Practical aspects of a patent
Drafting of a patent, Few Exercises on the preliminary rules on preparing an application seeking a
patent.
1. Cornish W.R., Intellectual property: patents, copyright, trademarks and allied rights, sweet and
Maxwell 2007.
2. P. Narayana, Intellectual property law, eastern law house 2nd ed., 2001.
3. Robin Jacob and Daniel Alexander, a guide book to Intellectual property patent trademarks, Copy
rights and design, sweet and Maxwell 4th ed., 1993.
BTEC-906
INTELLIGENT INSTRUMENTATION
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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INSTRUMENTATION
Introduction about Instrumentation systems, Types of Instrumentation systems, Data acquisition
system (DAS) and its uses in intelligent Instrumentation system, Detailed study of each block
involved in making of DAS, Signal Conditioners: as DA, IA, Signal Converters (ADC & DAC),
Sample and hold, Designing of Pressure, Temperature measuring instrumentation system using
DAS, Data logger.
AUTOMATION
Introduction about Automation system, Concepts of Control Schemes, Types of Controllers,
Components involved in implementation of Automation system i.e., DAS, DOS, Converter ( I to P )
and Actuators: Pneumatic cylinder, Relay, Solenoid (Final Control Element), Computer
Supervisory Control System (SCADA), Direct Digital Controls Structure and Software.
PLC
Introduction of Programmable logic controller, Principles of
Programmable controllers, Programming the Programmable controller.
operation,
Architecture
of
INTELLIGENT CONTROLLER
Introduction to Intelligent Controllers, Model based controllers, Predictive control, Artificial
Intelligent Based Systems, Experts Controller, Fuzzy Logic System and Controller, Artificial
Neural Networks, Neuro-Fuzzy Controller system.
Reference Text Books:
1. Process Control Instrumentation Technology 6/e, by Curtis D Johnson, Pearson Ed.
2. Electrical and Electronics Measurement and Instrumentation by A. K. Swahney.
3. Electronics instrumentation by H. S. Kalsi [TMH]
4. Computer-Based Industrial Control, by Krishna Kant, PHI.
5. Process Control Instrumentation Technology, by Curtis D Johnson, Pearson Ed
BTEC 907
INFORMATION THEORY & CODING
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
Basic Concepts of Information Theory :
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The concept of Amount of Information, Average
Information, Entropy, Information rate, Shannons Theorem, Mutual information; Channel

capacity; BSC and other channels, Capacity of a Gaussian Channel, Bandwidth - S/N Trade-off,
Introduction to Channel Capacity & Coding, Channel Models, Channel Capacity Theorem, Shannon Limit.
Huffman source coding algorithm, Lempel Ziv source coding algorithm.
Introduction to Error Control Coding:
Linear Block Codes: Introduction to Linear Block codes, Syndrome and Error detection, Minimum
distance of block code, Hamming Code.
Cyclic Codes: Description of Cyclic codes, Generator and parity check matrices of cyclic codes, error
detection decoding of cyclic codes.
BCH Codes: Description of codes, Decoding of BCH codes, Implementation of error connection.
Convolution Codes: Encoding of convolution codes, structural properties of Convolution codes,
Distance Properties of convolution codes.
Automatic Repeat Request Strategies: Stop and wait, Go back and selective repeat ARQ
strategies, Hybrid ARQ Schemes.
Recommended Books:
1. F.M Reza: Information Theory, Mc Graw Hill
2. ShuLin & J Costeib: Error Control Coding, PHI
3. Dass, Mullick & Chatterjee: Digital Communication, John Wiley, Ed. 1992
4. Information Theory and Reliable Communication: Robert G. Gallanger Mc Graw Hill, 1992
5. Related IEEE/IEE publications
BTIT 702
SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Internal Marks: 40
L T P
External Marks: 60
3 1 0
Total Marks: 100
1. The software Engineering Problem
The software engineering problem and software products, All of the software engineering activities, The
concept of software product like cycle model
2. Software evolution
The concept of a software like cycle, The various forms of a software product form initial
conception through development and operation to retirement, Controlling activities and disciplines to
support evolution, Planned and unplanned events that affect software evolution, The role changing
technology.
3. Technical Communication
Fundamentals of technical communication Oral and Written communications, preparing oral
presentation and supporting material, Software project documentation of all kinds, ISO/Other, e.g.
IEEE .
4. Software Configuration management
Concept of configuration management, Its role in controlling software evolution, Maintaining
Product integrity, Changing control and version control, Organization structure for configuration
5. Software Quality Assurance
Software quality assurance as a controlling discipline, Organizational structures for quality
assurance, Independent verification and validation teams, Test and evaluation teams , Software
technical reviews , Software quality assurance plans : ISO 9000, ANSI/IEEE
6. Standards
Introduction to standards - ISO 9002 and ISO 9003 - Quality system development, SO 9000
standard for software, Understanding ISO 900-3 clauses, SEI model - capability Maturity model Five levels Bootstrap method, Implementing ISO 9000, Analysis the Quality system, Documenting
& Auditing quality system, ISO 9000 registration process & Accreditation System, Total Quality
Management
7. Software Project organizational and management issues
Staffing - development, organizations, quality assurance teams , project planning - choice of process model,
project scheduling and milestones, resource allocation
8. Software project economics
Cost estimation, risk analysis for software projects, factors that affect cost.
REFERENCES
1. S/W Engineering - Somerville (Addison Wesley) .
2. S/W Engineering-Pressmen.
3. S/W Engineering -Jalota
Seventh/ Eighth
Semester
BTCS-403 Computer Networks

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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UNIT 1. Introduction to Computer Networks:

Data Communication System and its components, Data Flow, Computer network and its
goals, Types of computer networks: LAN, MAN, WAN, Wireless and wired networks,
broadcast and point to point networks, Network topologies, Network software: concept of
layers, protocols, interfaces and services, ISO-OSI reference model, TCP/IP reference
model.
Unit 2. Physical Layer:
Concept of Analog & Digital Signal, Bandwidth, Transmission Impairments: Attenuation,
Distortion, Noise, Data rate limits : Nyquist formula, Shannon Formula, Multiplexing :
Frequency Division, Time Division, Wavelength Division, Introduction to Transmission
Media : Twisted pair, Coaxial cable, Fiber optics, Wireless transmission (radio, microwave,
infrared), Switching: Circuit Switching, Message Switching ,Packet Switching & their
comparisons.
Unit 3. Data Link Layer:
Design issues, Framing, Error detection and correction codes: checksum, CRC, hamming
code, Data link protocols for noisy and noiseless channels, Sliding Window Protocols: Stop
& Wait ARQ, Go-back-N ARQ, Selective repeat ARQ, Data link protocols: HDLC and
PPP.
Unit 4. Medium Access Sub-Layer:
Static and dynamic channel allocation, Random Access: ALOHA, CSMA protocols,
Controlled Access: Polling, Token Passing, IEEE 802.3 frame format, Ethernet cabling,
Manchester encoding, collision detection in 802.3, Binary exponential back off algorithm.
Unit 5. Network Layer:
Design issues, IPv4 classful and classless addressing, subnetting, Routing algorithms:
distance vector and link state routing, Congestion control: Principles of Congestion Control,
Congestion prevention policies, Leaky bucket and token bucket algorithms.
Unit6. Transport Layer:
Elements of transport protocols: addressing, connection establishment and release, flow control and
buffering, multiplexing and de-multiplexing, crash recovery, introduction to TCP/UDP protocols and
their comparison.
Unit 7. Application Layer:
World Wide Web (WWW), Domain Name System (DNS), E-mail, File Transfer Protocol (FTP),
Introduction to Network security
Reference Books:
1. William Stallings Computer Networking with Internet Protocols And
Technology,
Pearson Education.
2. Andrew S. Tanenbaum Computer Networks, PHI
3. Keneth C. Mansfield, Jr. James L. Antonakos An Introduction to Computer Networking,

PHI.
4. Behrouz A. Forouzan Data Communications and Networking, McGraw Hill
BTEC-701
Embedded Systems
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I: Arm Processor Architecture

Architecture, Registers, Interrupts & Vector Table, I/O Ports, ARM Processor family, JTAG, I2C
bus
Unit-II: Arm Programming Instructions
Instruction Set: Data processing instructions, Addressing modes, Load Store Instructions, PSR
(Program Status Register) Instructions, Conditional Instructions, Interrupt Instructions
Unit-III: C Programming
Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for C/C++ Programming, C/C++ Programs using
Function Calls, Pointers, Structures, Integers & Floating Point Arithmetic, Assembly Code using
Instruction Scheduling, Register Allocation, Conditional Execution & Loops
Unit-IV: Interfacing Peripherals
Interfacing: ADC & DAC, Sensors, Memory, LCD Display, Stepper Motor, DC Motor, SD-MMC
Card, Biometric & RFID, ZIGBEE, GSM Interfaces, Debugging Tools
References Books:
1. Andrew N. Sloss, Dominic Symes, Chris Wright, John Rayfield, ARM System Developers
Guide Designing and Optimizing System Software, Elsevier 2008.
2. Brooks, Cole, Embedded Microcontroller Systems, Real Time Interfacing, Thomson Learning
1999
3. Steve Furber, ARM system on Chip Architecture, Addision Wesley
4. Trevor Martin, The Insider's Guide to The Philips ARM7 - Based Microcontrollers, An
Engineer's Introduction To The LPC2100 Series Hitex Ltd.
5. ARM Architecture Reference Manual
6. Website www.arm.com
BTEC-702 Optical Communication

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction
Need of Fiber Optic Communications, Evolution of Light wave Systems, Basic Concepts; Analog &
Digital Signals, Channel Multiplexing, Modulation Formats, Optical Communication Systems, Light
wave System Components; Optical Fibers as a Communication Channel, Optical Transmitters,
Optical Receivers.
Unit-II Optical Fibers
Geometrical-Optics Description; Step-Index Fibers, Graded Index Fibers, Wave Propagation;
Maxwells Equations, Fiber Modes, Single-Mode-Fibers, Dispersion in Single-Mode Fibers; Group
Velocity Dispersion, Material Dispersion, Wave guide Dispersion, Higher-order Dispersion,
Polarization-Mode Dispersion, Dispersion-Induced Limitations; Basic Propagation Equation,
Chirped Gaussian Pulses, Limitations on the Bit Rate, Fiber Bandwidth , Fiber Losses; Attenuation
Coefficient, Material Absorption, Rayleigh Scattering, wave guide Imperfections, Nonlinear Optical
effects; Stimulated Light Scattering, Nonlinear Phase Modulation, Four Wave Mixing, Fiber
Manufacturing; Design Issues, Fabrication Methods, Cables and Connectors
Unit-III Optical Transmitters
Basic Concepts; Emission and Absorption Rates, p-n Junctions, Non radiative Recombination, Semi
conductor Materials, Light Emitting Diodes; Power-current Characteristics, LED spectrum,
Modulation Response, LED Structures, Semi Conductor Lasers; DFB Lasers, Coupled Cavity
semiconductor Lasers, Tunable Semiconductor Lasers, Vertical Cavity Semiconductor Lasers,
Laser Characteristics, Small & Large Signal Modulation, Spectral Line width, Source Fiber
Coupling.
Unit-IV Optical Receivers
Basic concepts, p-n Photo Diodes, p-i-n Photo Diodes, Avalanche Photo Diode, MSM Photo
detector, Receiver Design, Receiver Noise; Noise mechanism, Receiver sensitivity; Bit error rate,
Minimum Receiver Power, Sensitivity Degradation, Receiver Performance.
Unit-V Light Wave Systems
System Architecture, Loss limited Light wave systems, Dispersion limited Light wave systems, Power
Budget, Long Haul systems, Sources of Power Penalty; Model Noise, Dispersive Pulse Broadening,
Mode Partition Noise, Frequency Chirping, Reflection Feedback Noise
Unit-VI Multi channel Systems
WDM Light wave systems, Optical TDM Systems, Subscriber Multiplexing, Code Division
Multiplexing.
Reference Books:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Senior J. Optical Fiber Communications, Principles & Practice, PHI.

Keiser G., Optical Fiber Communication Mc graw-hill.
Govind P. Agrawal, Fiber Optics Communication Systems John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pvt. Ltd.
Djafar K. Mynbeav, Fiber-Optics Communications Technology Pearson.
BTEC-703 Lab Wireless and Optical Systems & Networks

Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
Total Marks: 50
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1.
Study and measurement of attenuation and loss in optical fiber.
2.
Study and measurement of bending loss in optical fiber.
3.
Study and measurement of numerical aperture of optical fiber.
4.
Measurement of optical power using optical power meter.
5.
To Study the transmission of TDM signal through optical fiber.
6.
To determine the bit rate of the optical fiber link.
7.
Study of various multiplexing techniques.
8.
To determine the BER of wireless system using M-ARY (BPSK,QPSK,8PSK,16PSK)

technique.
9.
To determine the BER of wireless system using QAM technique
BTEC-704
Embedded Systems Lab
Internal Marks: 30
External Marks: 20
Total Marks: 50
List of Experiments
1. Study of ARM7 & ARM9 Bit Processor Architecture and Pin Diagram.
2. Study of Interrupt structure in ARM Processors
3. Write ARM Processor program to Flash LED
4. Interfacing of an LCD Display
5. Write a program to interface an ADC
6. Write a program to generate a Ramp waveform using DAC interface
7. Write a program to control a Stepper Motor
8. Write a program to control the speed of DC motor
9. Interface relays and write a program to control them
10. Interface ZIGBEE with ARM to control more external devices
11. Interfacing of Biometric information recorder
12. Interfacing RFID module with ARM Microcontroller
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BTEC 908 CMOS Based Design

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction to MOS Device

MOS Transistor, MOS models MOS Transistor under static conditions, threshold voltage-Resistive
operation, saturation region, channel length modulation, body effect, DC transfer characteristics,
Tristate inverters, velocity saturation, Hot carrier effect, drain current Vs voltage charts, sub
threshold conduction, MOS structure capacitance, CMOS logic, fabrication and layout, stick
diagrams
Unit-II CMOS Processing
CMOS technologies, wafer formation photolithography channel formation, isolation, gate oxide,
gate source, drain formation, contacts and metallization, layout design rules, design rule checking,
Unit-III Circuit Characterization & Performance Estimation
Delay estimation, transistor sizing, power dissipation, Sheet resistance, area capacitance, design
margin, reliability, Scaling models, scaling factor for device parameters, Advantages and
Limitations of scaling.
Unit-IV Design of Combinational Logic
Static CMOS design, complementary CMOS, static properties, complementary CMOS design, Power
consumption in CMOS logic gates, dynamic or glitching transitions, Design to reduce switching
activity, Radioed logic, DC VSL, pass transistor logic, Differential pass transistor logic, sizing of level
restorer, sizing in pass transistor, Dynamic CMOS design, Domino logic, optimization of Domino logic,
NPCMOS, Designing logic for reduced supply voltages
Reference Books:
1. Nail H.E. Weste, David Harris, Ayan Banerjee, CMOS VLSI DESIGN, Pearson
Education.
2. Kang and Leblebici CMOS Digital integrated circuits, TMH 2003.
3. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI Design ", 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1998.
4. Weste & Harris, CMOS VLSI Design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective, 3rd ed,
Addison Wesley, 2005.
BTEC 909 Biomedical Signal Processing

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction to Biomedical Signals

Tasks in Biomedical Signal Processing, Computer Aided Diagnosis, Examples of Biomedical
signals: ECG, EEG, EMG etc., Review of linear systems, Fourier Transform and Time Frequency
Analysis (Wavelet) of biomedical signals, Processing of Random & Stochastic signals, spectral
estimation, Properties and effects of noise in biomedical instruments, Filtering in biomedical
instruments
Unit-II Cardio-logical Signal Processing
Pre-processing, QRS Detection Methods, Rhythm analysis, Arrhythmia Detection Algorithms,
Automated ECG Analysis, ECG Pattern Recognition, Heart rate variability analysis.
Unit-III Adaptive Noise Canceling
Principles of Adaptive Noise Canceling, Adaptive Noise Canceling with the LMS adaptation,
Algorithm, Noise Canceling Method to Enhance ECG Monitoring, Fetal ECG Monitoring.
Unit-IV Neurological Signal Processing
Modeling of EEG Signals, Detection of spikes and spindles, Detection of Alpha, Beta and Gamma
Waves, Auto Regressive (A.R.) modeling of seizure EEG, Sleep Stage analysis, Inverse Filtering, Least
squares and polynomial modeling.
Reference Books:
1. D.C.Reddy,Biomedical Signal Processing: Principles and techniques, Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi, 2005.
2. Willis J Tompkins, Biomedical Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 1993
3. R. Rangayan, Biomedical Signal Analysis, Wiley 2002.
4. Bruce, Biomedical Signal Processing & Signal Modeling, Wiley, 2001.
5.
K. Najarian and R. Splinter, Biomedical Signal and Image Processing, Second Edition,
The CRC Press,
BTEC 910 Satellite Communication

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction to Satellite Communication

Origin, Brief History, Current state and advantages of Satellite Communication, Active & Passive
satellite, Orbital aspects of Satellite Communication, Angle of Evaluation, Propagation Delay,
Orbital Spacing, System Performance
Unit-II Satellite Link Design
Link design equation, system noise temperature, C/N & G/T ratio, atmospheric & econospheric
effects on link design, complete link design, interference effects on complete link design, earth
station parameters, Earth space propagation effects, Frequency window, Free space loss,
Atmospheric absorption, Rainfall Attenuation, Ionospheric scintillation, Telemetry, Tracking and
command of satellites.
Unit-III Satellite Multiple Access System
FDMA techniques, SCPC & CSSB systems, TDMA frame structure, burst structure, frame
efficiency, super-frame, frame acquisition & synchronization, TDMA vs FDMA, burst time plan, beam
hopping, satellite switched, Erlang call congestion formula, DA-FDMA, DA-TDMA.
Unit-IV Satellite Services
INTELSAT, INSAT Series, VSAT, Weather forecasting, Remote sensing, LANDSAT, Satellite
Navigation, Mobile satellite Service.
Unit-V Laser & Satellite Communication
Link analysis, optical satellite link Tx & Rx, Satellite, beam acquisition, tracking & pointing, cable
channel frequency, head end equation, distribution of signal, n/w specifications and architecture,
optical fibre CATV system.
Reference Books:
1. Trimothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostian, Satellite Communications, John Wiley & Sons, 1986.
2. Dr. D.C. Aggarwal, Satellite Communications, Khanna Publishers, 2001.
3. Dennis Roddy, Satellite Communications, McGraw Hill, 1996.
BTEC-911
Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
Artificial Intelligence Techniques & Applications

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Unit-I: Introduction
Approaches to intelligent control, Architecture of intelligent control, Linguistic reasoning, Rulebase,
Knowledge representation.
Unit-II: Artificial Neural Networks
Biological neuron, Artificial Neural Network, Mathematical Models, McCulloch Neural Model,
Perceptron, Adaline and Madaline, Learning & Training in ANN, Hopfield Neural Network,
SelfOrganizing Networks, Recurrent Networks, Associative memories
Unit-III: Fuzzy Logic System
Crisp Vs Fuzzy set theory, Membership functions, Fuzzy set operations, Fuzzy rules, Mamdani and
Sugeno fuzzy inference systems, Defuzzification methods
Unit-IV: Artificial Neural Networks
Introduction and biological background of GA, String Encoding of chromosomes, Selection
methods, Single & multi-point crossover operation, Mutation, Adjustment of strategy parameters
such as Population size, Mutation & Crossover probabilities
Unit-V: Tools & Applications
MATLAB Toolboxes: Fuzzy Logic Toolbox, Neural Network Toolbox, FLS for Antilock Breaking
System (ABS), GA in route planning for Travelling Sales Person, Time-Series forecasting using
ANN
Reference Books:
1. Jacek M. Zurada - Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems
2. S N Sivanandam, S N Deepa - Principles of Soft Computing, Wiley Publications
3. John Yen, Reza Langari - Fuzzy Logic Intelligence, Control, and Information
BTEC 912 Speech & Image Processing

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction to Image Processing

Historical background, visual perception, image formation, Elements of Storage, sampling &
Quantization, Relationships between pixels-neighbors of pixel, connectivity labeling of connected
components, Relations, equivalence and Transitive closure, Distance measures, Arithmetic/ Logic
operation, Imaging Geometry Basic and perspective transformation stereo imaging, application of
image Processing.
Unit-II Image Enhancement
Spatial and frequency domain methods point processing, intensity transformation, Histogram
processing image substation and Averaging spatial filtering, LP, HP and homo-morphic felling,
generation of spatial marks, Color image processing.
Unit-III Image Compression
Redundancy models, error free compression, Lossy compression, Image compression standards.
Unit-IV Image Segmentation
Detection of Discontinuity, Edge detection, Boundary detection, Thresholding, Regional oriented
segmentation, use of motion in segmentation.
Unit-V Speech Processing
Review of human speech and Acoustic theory, nature of sound, harmonics, resonance measurement,
virtual display. Music theory, pitch, duration, intervals, rhythm. Human speech production, the
vocal tract, the Larynx, the source filter. Speech signal processing-the phasor mode, Fourier
transfer, DFT, FFT. The hardware use of FIR & IIR filters. Software, Elements of speech
Synthesisspeech Recognition-speech in the computer-human interface.
Reference Books:
1. Digital Image Processing - by Rafact Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Pearson Education
Society.
2. Digital Image Processing - by Keenneth R Castleman, Pearson Education Society.
3. A. K. Jain, Fundamental of Digital Image Processing, PHI
4. Speech and Audio Processing for multimedia PCs - by Iain Murray
BTEC 913 Human Resource Management

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction to Human Resource

Definition, Role and Functions of Human Resource Management, Concept and Significance of HR,
Changing role of HR managers, HR functions and Global Environment, role of a HR Manager.
Unit-II Human Resources Planning
Need and Process for Human Resource Planning, Methods of Recruitment, Planning Process,
Planning at different levels, Recruitment and selection processes, Sources of Recruitment,
Restructuring strategies, Placement and Induction, Retention of Employees, , Employment
Exchanges (Compulsory Notification of vacancies).
Unit-III Training and Development
Principles of Training, Employee Development, Need for skill up gradation, Assessment of training
needs, Retraining and Redeployment methods and techniques of training employees and executives,
performance appraisal systems Career Development & Planning.
Unit-IV Job analysis, Design and Satisfaction
Job Analysis: Job Description & Job Description, Job Specification, Job satisfaction and its
importance; Motivation, Factors affecting motivation, introduction to Motivation Theory; Workers '
Participation, Quality of work life.
Unit-V Industrial Relations
Factors influencing industrial relations, State Interventions and Legal Framework, Role of Trade
unions, Collective Bargaining, Workers participation in management.
Reference Books:
1. T.N.Chhabra- Human Resource Management (Dhanpat Rai & Co.).
2. Gary Dessler, Human Resource Management (8th ed.), Pearson Education, Delhi
3. Biswajeet Patanayak, Human Resource Management, PHI, New Delhi
4. A Minappa and M. S. Saiyada - Personnel Management (Tata Mc. Graw-Hill)
BTEC 914 Computer organization and Architecture

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction
Organization and Architecture, Structure and Function, Brief History of Computers, Designing for
Performance, Performance metrics; MIPS, MFLOPS, Computer Components and Functions,
Interconnection Structures, Bus Interconnection, Point-To-Point Interconnect, PCI Express, Flynns
classification of computers (SISD, MISD, MIMD.
Unit-II Internal and Cache Memory
Computer Memory System Overview, Cache Memory Principles, Elements of Cache Design,
Pentium 4 Cache Organization, Semiconductor Main Memory, Advanced Dram Organization
Unit-III Basic non pipelined CPU Architecture and Operating System
CPU Architecture types (accumulator, register, stack, memory/ register) detailed data path of a typical
register based CPU, Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle (typically 3 to 5 stage), microinstruction sequencing,
implementation of control unit, Enhancing performance with pipelining. Operating System Overview,
Scheduling, Memory Management, Pentium Memory Management.
Unit-IV Parallel Processing and Multi-core Computer
Multiple Processor Organizations, Symmetric Multiprocessors, Cache Coherence and the MESI
Protocol, Multithreading and Chip Multiprocessors, Clusters, Non-uniform Memory Access, Vector
Computation, Multi-core Computers, Hardware and Software Performance Issues, Multi-core
Organization, Intel x86 Multi-core Organization.
Reference Books:
1. William Stallings, Computer Organization and Architecture, 9/E, Pearson, Delhi.
2. Computer Architecture and Organization, 3rd Edi, by John P. Hayes, 1998, TMH.
3. Chaudhuri P. Pal, Computer Organisation &Design, PHI,
4. Mano, M.M., Computer System Architecture, PHI.
BTIT 504 Cyber Law & IPR

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Basics of Computer & Internet Technology

Internet, ISP & domain name; Network Security; Encryption Techniques and Algorithms; Digital
Signatures
Unit-II Introduction to Cyber World
Introduction to Cyberspace and Cyber Law; Different Components of cyber Laws; Cyber Law and
Netizens.
Unit-III E-Commerce
Introduction to E-Commerce; Different E-Commerce Models; E-Commerce Trends and Prospects;
E-Commerce and Taxation; Legal Aspects of E-Commerce.
Unit IV- Intellectual Property Rights
IPR Regime in the Digital Society; Copyright and Patents; International Treaties and Conventions;
Business Software Patents; Domain Name Disputes and Resolution.
Unit V- IT ACT 2000
Aims and Objectives; Overview of the Act; Jurisdiction; Role of Certifying Authority; Regulators
under IT Act; Cyber Crimes-Offences and Contraventions; Grey Areas of IT Act.
Unit VI- Project Work
Candidates will be required to work on a project. At the end of the course students will make a
presentation and submit the project report.
Reference Books:
1. Nandan Kamath, A Guide to Cyber Laws & IT Act 2000 with Rules & Notification.
2. Law and practice of intellectual property in India by Vikas Vashishth
3. Intellectual property- patents, copyrights, trademarks and allied rights by Cornish W R
4. Keith Merill & Deepti Chopra (IK Inter.), Cyber Cops, Cyber Criminals & Internet
Vakul Sharma (Mc Millian), Handbook of Cyber Laws
BTEC-915 Electromagnetic Interference & Compatibility

Internal Marks : 40
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External Marks : 60
Total Marks
: 100
Unit-I Overview of EMI/EMC:

Electromagnetic environment, History, Concepts and definitions, Overview of EMI/EMC, Natural and
Nuclear sources of EMI, conducted and radiated EMI, Transient EMI, Time domain Vs
Frequency domain EMI, Units of measurement parameters.
Unit-II EMI Coupling Principles:
Electromagnetic emissions, noise from relays and switches, Nonlinearities in circuits, passive
intermodulation, cross talk in transmission lines, transients in power supply lines, Conducted, Radiated
and Transient Coupling, Common Impedance Ground Coupling, Radiated Common Mode and
Ground Loop Coupling, Radiated Differential Mode Coupling, Cable to Cable Coupling, Power
Mains and Power Supply coupling.
Unit-III Radiated and Conducted Interference Measurements:
EMI Test Instruments/ Systems, Anechoic chamber, TEM cell, GH TEM Cell, characterization of
conduction currents/voltages, conducted EM noise on power lines, conducted EMI from equipment,
Immunity to conducted EMI, detectors and measurements, EMI Shielded Chamber, Open Area Test Site,
TEM Cell, Sensors/ Injectors/ Couplers, Test beds for ESD and EFT.
Unit-IV EMI Control Techniques:
Principles and types of grounding, shielding and bonding, characterization of filters, power lines
filter design shielding, Isolation Transformer, Transient Suppressors, Cable Routing, Signal
Control, Component Selection and Mounting, PCB Traces Cross Talk, Impedance Control, Power
Distribution Decoupling, Zoning, Motherboard Designs and Propagation Delay Performance
Models.
Reference Books:
1. V.P.Kodali, "Engineering EMC Principles, Measurements and Technologies", IEEE Press,1996.
2. Henry W.Ott, "Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems", John Wiley and Sons, New
York, 1988.
3. C.R.Paul, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility , John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1992
4. Bernhard Keiser, "Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility", Artech house, 3rd Ed, 1986.
BTECH-916 Neural Networks And Fuzzy Logic

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I: Introduction To Neural Networks

Human brain and Biological Neuron, Artificial Neural Network, ANN Terminology, McCullochPitts Neural Model, Activation functions, Topology, Feedforward Neural Networks, ANN
Learning: Supervised, Un-supervised, Competitive learning, Reinforcement learning, Knowledge
representation.
Unit-II: Hopfield Neural Model
Learning Laws:- Hebbs rule, Delta rule, Widrow & Hoff LMS learning rule, Correlation learning rule,
Instar and Outstar learning rules, Back-propagation Neural Networks, K-means clustering algorithm,
Kohenens feature maps, Associative Memories
Unit-III: Radial Basis Neural Networks
Function Neural Networks, Basic learning laws in RBF Nets, Recurrent Networks, Recurrent
Backpropagation, Counter-Propagation Networks, CMAC Networks, ART Networks.
Unit-IV: Fuzzy Logic Sets & System
Introduction to Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Vs Crisp set, Linguistic variables, Membership functions, Fuzzy
set operations, IF-THEN fuzzy rules, Mamdani & Sugeno inference techniques,
Defuzzification techniques, Fuzzy Logic System: Block diagram, Implementation, Useful tools Fuzzy
logic controller Vs PID controller, Antilock Braking System (ABS).
Reference Books:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Timothy J. Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, Wiley publications.

Yagna Narayanan - Artificial Neural Networks
Bart Kosko - Neural Networks & Fuzzy logic
Simon Haykin - Neural Networks
BTEC 917 Robotics

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction
Definition and Need for Robots, Robot Anatomy, Co-ordinate Systems, Work Envelope, types and
classification, Specifications, Pitch, Yaw, Roll, Joint Notations, Speed of Motion, Pay Load, Robot Parts
and Their Functions, Different Applications
Unit-II Sensors
Principles and Applications and need of a sensor, Principles, Position of sensors, Piezo-Electric
Sensor, LVDT, Resolvers, Optical Encoders, Pneumatic Position Sensors, Range Sensors,
Triangulation Principle, Structured, Lighting Approach, Time of Flight Range Finders, Laser Range
Meters, Proximity Sensors, Inductive, Hall Effect, Capacitive, Ultrasonic and Optical Proximity
Sensors, Touch Sensors, (Binary Sensors, Analog Sensors), Wrist Sensors, Compliance Sensors,
Slip Sensors,
Unit-III Drive Systems & Grippers for Robot
Drives systems (Mechanical, Electrical, Pneumatic Drives, Hydraulic), D.C.Servo Motors, Stepper
Motor, A.C. Servo Motors, Comparison of all Drives, End Effectors, Grippers (Mechanical,
Pneumatic, Hydraulic, Magnetic, Vacuum Grippers), Two Fingered and Three Fingered Grippers,
Internal Grippers and External Grippers, Selection and Design Considerations
Unit-IV Machine Vision
Camera, Frame Grabber, Sensing and Digitizing Image Data, Signal Conversion, Image Storage,
Lighting Techniques, Image Processing and Analysis, Data Reduction, Edge detection,
Segmentation Feature Extraction, Object Recognition, Other Algorithms, Applications, Inspection,
Identification, Visual Serving and Navigation.
Unit-V Robot Kinematics & Programming
Forward Kinematics, Inverse Kinematics and Differences; Forward Kinematics and Reverse
Kinematics of Manipulators with Two, Three Degrees of Freedom (In 2 Dimensional), Four
Degrees of Freedom (In 3 Dimensional), Deviations and Problems Teach Pendant Programming,
Lead through programming, Robot programming Languages, VAL Programming, Motion
Commands, Sensor Commands, End effecter commands.
Reference Books:
1. M.P.Groover, Industrial Robotics - Technology, Programming and Applications,
McGraw-Hill, 2001.
2. Ghosal, A., Robotics: Fundamental Concepts and Analysis, Oxford University Press, 2nd
reprint, 2008.
3. Yoram Koren, Robotics for Engineers, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1992.
4. Fu, K., Gonzalez, R. and Lee, C.S. G., Robotics: Control, Sensing, Vision and Intelligence
McGraw- Hill, 1987.
BTEC 918 Operation Research

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction to Operations Research

Definition, scope, objectives, phases, models and limitations of Operations Research, Linear
Programming Problem, Formulation of LPP, Graphical solution of LPP, Simplex method, slack,
surplus and artificial variables, Concept of duality, big-M method two phase method, dual simplex
method, degeneracy and unbound solutions, procedure for resolving degenerate cases.
Unit-II Transportation Problem
Formulation of transportation model, Optimality Methods, Unbalanced transportation problem,
Basic feasible solution, Northwest corner rule, least cost method, Vogels approximation method,
Applications of Transportation problems, Assignment Problem, Formulation, unbalanced
assignment problem, Traveling salesman problem, Optimality test, the stepping stone method,
MODI method.
Unit-III Sequencing Models
Johnsons algorithm, Processing n Jobs through 2 Machines, Processing n Jobs through 3 Machines,
Processing 2 Jobs through m machines, Processing n Jobs through m Machines, Graphical solutions
priority rules.
Unit-IV Dynamic programming
Characteristics of dynamic programming, Dynamic programming approach for Priority
Management employment smoothening, capital budgeting, Stage Coach/Shortest Path, cargo
loading and Reliability problems.
Unit-V Games Theory
Competitive games, rectangular game, saddle point, minimax
(maximin) method of optimal
strategies, value of the game. Solution of games with saddle points, dominance principle.
Rectangular games without saddle point - mixed strategy for 2 X 2 games.
Reference Books:
1. Operations Research and Introduction, Taha H. A. - Pearson Education edition.
2. P. Sankara Iyer, Operations Research, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008.
3. A.M. Natarajan, P. Balasubramani, A. Tamilarasi, Operations Research, Pearson
Education, 2005.
4. Operations Research, S. D. Sharma -Kedarnath Ramnath & Co 2002.
BTEC 919 Mobile Computing

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction
Introduction, issues in mobile computing, overview of wireless telephony: cellular concept, GSM:
air-interface, channel structure, location management: HLR-VLR, hierarchical, handoffs, channel
allocation in cellular systems
Unit II Mobile Network & Transport Layer
Mobile IP Goals, assumptions, entities and terminology, IP packet delivery, agent advertisement and
discovery, registration, tunneling and encapsulation, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP),
Traditional TCP, Indirect TCP, Snooping TCP, Mobile TCP, Fast retransmit/fast recovery, Transmission
/time-out freezing, Selective retransmission, Transaction oriented TCP.
Unit III Wireless Networking
Wireless LAN Overview: MAC issues, IEEE 802.11, Blue Tooth, Wireless multiple access
protocols, TCP over wireless, Wireless applications, data broadcasting, Mobile IP, WAP:
Architecture, protocol stack, application environment, applications.
Unit III Mobile Ad hoc Networks
Mobile Agents computing, security and fault tolerance, transaction processing in mobile computing
environment, Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs): Overview, Properties of a MANET, spectrum of
MANET applications, routing and various routing algorithms, security in MANETs.
Reference Books:
1. J. Schiller, Mobile Communications, Addison-Wesley, second edition, 2004.
2. Raj Pandya, Mobile & Personal Communication Systems and Service, PHI.
3. Asoke k Talukder , Roopa R Yavagal, Mobile Computing , Technology, Application &
Service Creation. Tata Mc Graw Hill
4. Stojmenovic and Cacute, Handbook of Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing, Wiley,
2002.
BTEC 920 Wireless Sensor Network

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Introduction to Wireless Sensor Networks

Constraints and Challenges of sensor networks, Emerging technologies for wireless sensor
networks, Node architecture, Hardware components overview, Energy consumption of Sensor
nodes, Dynamic energy and power management on System level, some examples of Sensor nodes,
Optimization goals and figures of merit, QOS, Energy Efficiency, scalability, robustness
Advantages of sensor networks, Sensor network applications.
Unit-II Topology Control
Location driven, Geographic Adaptive Fidelity (GAF), Geographic Random Forwarding (GeRaF),
GEAR, Connectivity driven, SPAN, ASCENT.
Unit-III WSN Sensors
Physical Layer Design, Transceiver Design, MAC Protocols for WSN, Low Duty Cycle Protocols &
Wakeup Concepts, S-MAC, Mediation Device Protocol, Wakeup Radio Concepts, Address & Name
Management, Assignment of MAC Addresses, Routing Protocols, Energy Efficient Routing,
Geographic Routing.
Unit-IV WSN Platforms & Tools
Sensor Node Hardware, Berkeley Motes, Programming Challenges, Node-level software platforms,
Node level Simulators, State-centric programming.
Reference Books:
1. Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, "Protocols & Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks",
John Wiley, 2005.
2. Feng Zhao & Leonidas J. Guibas, Wireless Sensor Networks- An Information Processing
Approach", Elsevier, 2007.
3. Waltenegus Dargie and Christian Poellabauer, Fundamentals of Wireless Sensor Networks
- Theory and Practice, John Wiley and Sons, first edition, 2010.
4. Holger Karl and Andreas Willig,
Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor
Networks, John Wiley and Sons, 2007.
BTEC 921 Numerical Methods

Internal Marks: 40
External Marks: 60
Total Marks: 100
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Unit-I Errors in Numerical Calculation

Numbers and their accuracy, Mathematical preliminaries, Errors and their computation, General
error formula, Error in a series approximation. Zeroes of transcendental and polynomial equation
using Bisection method, Regula-falsi method and Newton-Raphson method, Rate of convergence of
above methods.
Unit-II Solution of Equations
Linear interpolation methods, Newtons method, Statement of Fixed Point Theorem, Fixed point
iteration, Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordon methods, Gauss Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel
methods, Inverse of a matrix by Gauss Jordon method.
Unit-III Interpolation
Interpolation: Finite differences, difference tables, Newtons forward and backward interpolation,
Lagranges and Newtons divided difference formula for unequal intervals, Numerical
differentiation, Numerical integration: Newton-Cotes formula, Trapezoidal, Simpsons one third and
three-eight rules,
Unit-IV Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations
Single step methods: Taylor series method - Euler and modified Euler methods - Fourth order Runge
- Kutta method for solving first and second order equations - Multistep methods: Milnes and Adams
predictor and corrector methods.
Reference Books:
1.
Gerald, C.F, and Wheatley, P.O, Applied Numerical Analysis, Sixth Edition, Pearson
Education Asia, New Delhi, 2002.
2. Balagurusamy, E.,Numerical Methods, Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Co. Ltd, Delhi, 1999.
3. S. S. Sastry, Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis, 3rd ed. PHI, Delhi (2002).
4. B. S. Grewal, Numerical Methods in Engineering and Science, Khanna Publishers, Delhi.

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PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

Digital Circuit and Logic

Contact Hours: 29 Hrs.

Contact Hours: 32 Hrs

Linear Control Systems

Linear Integrated Circuit

Contact Hours: 30 Hrs

Contact Hours: 30 Hrs

Lab Microwave Engineering

Microwave & Radar

Seventh / Eighth Semester

Contact Hours: 30 Hrs.

Lab Wireless and Optical

Seventh / Eighth Semester

(Common Code XXX)

BTEC 901 Relational Data Base Management System

BTAM301 Engineering Mathematics-III

BTCS 305 Object Oriented Programming Using C++

Need for constructors and destructors, copy constructor, dynamic

Suggested Readings/ Books:

BTEC301 Analog Devices & Circuits

Push-Pull Amplifiers, operation of

B push-pull amplifier, crossover distortion, transistor phase inverter, complementary- symmetry

BTEC302 Digital Circuit and Logic Design

BTEC303 Network Analysis and Synthesis

BTEC304 Lab Analog Devices & Circuits

BTEC-305 Lab Digital Circuit and Logic Design

8. Design MOD-7 Synchronous up-counter using JK/RS/D Flip Flops.

BTCS 309 Object Oriented Programming Using C++ Lab

BTEE 402 Linear Control Systems

BTEC 401 Analog Communication Systems

of modulation systems, basic transmission signals, Frequency multiplexing

Suggested / Recommended Books:

BTEC402 Signals & Systems

BTEC403 Electromagnetics & Antennas

BTEC-404 Electronics Measurements and Instrumentation

hysteresis, threshold, input impedance, loading effects etc. Dynamic

BTEC405 Pulse Wave Shaping and Switching

BTEC406 LAB Analog Communication Systems

BTEC407 Electronic Measurement & Instrumentation

BTEC408 Lab Signal & Systems Using MATLAB / MENTOR DSP

To study Power Spectrum Density

BTCS 304 Data Structures

and their storage.

list, application of linked lists.

trees, AVL trees and B-trees.

queue and heap sort algorithm.

(breadth-first search and depth-first search), and applications of graphs.

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Total Marks: 100

2. Communication Systems, Fourth Edition, Simon Haykin, Wiley publication.

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Total Marks: 100

SPECIALIZED IC APPLICATIONS: IC 555 Timer: Pin configuration, Block

MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS

Total Marks: 100

LAB DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

LAB LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRUIT

To study differential amplifier configurations.