a

APPLICATIONS
High Performance RF/IF Mixer
Direct to Baseband Conversion
Image-Reject Mixers
I/Q Modulators and Demodulators
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The AD831 is a low distortion, wide dynamic range, monolithic

mixer for use in such applications as RF to IF down conversion
in HF and VHF receivers, the second mixer in DMR base stations, direct-to-baseband conversion, quadrature modulation and demodulation, and doppler-shift detection in ultrasound imaging applications. The mixer includes an LO driver
and a low-noise output amplifier and provides both user-programmable power consumption and 3rd-order intercept point.
The AD831 provides a +24 dBm third-order intercept point for
10 dBm LO power, thus improving system performance and
reducing system cost compared to passive mixers, by eliminating
the need for a high power LO driver and its attendant shielding
and isolation problems.
The RF, IF, and LO ports may be dc or ac coupled when the
mixer is operating from 5 V supplies or ac coupled when operating from a single supply of 9 V minimum. The mixer operates
with RF and LO inputs as high as 500 MHz.
The mixers IF output is available as either a differential current
output or a single-ended voltage output. The differential output
is from a pair of open collectors and may be ac coupled via a
transformer or capacitor to provide a 250 MHz output bandwidth. In down-conversion applications, a single capacitor connected across these outputs implements a low-pass filter to
reduce harmonics directly at the mixer core, simplifying output

AN

IFN

VP

IFP

AP

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

20

19

50

50

GND

18

COM

VN

17

VFB

RFP

16

OUT

RFN

15

VN

14

BIAS

10

11

12

VP

13

GND

LOP

LON

VN

AD831

VP

FEATURES
Doubly-Balanced Mixer
Low Distortion
+24 dBm Third Order Intercept (IP3)
+10 dBm 1 dB Compression Point
Low LO Drive Required: 10 dBm
Bandwidth
500 MHz RF and LO Input Bandwidths
250 MHz Differential Current IF Output
DC to >200 MHz Single-Ended Voltage IF Output
Single or Dual Supply Operation
DC Coupled Using Dual Supplies
All Ports May Be DC Coupled
No Lower Frequency LimitOperation to DC
User-Programmable Power Consumption

Low Distortion Mixer

AD831

filtering. When building a quadrature-amplitude modulator or

image reject mixer, the differential current outputs of two
AD831s may be summed by connecting them together.
An integral low noise amplifier provides a single-ended voltage
output and can drive such low impedance loads as filters, 50
amplifier inputs, and A/D converters. Its small signal bandwidth
exceeds 200 MHz. A single resistor connected between pins
OUT and FB sets its gain. The amplifiers low dc offset allows
its use in such direct-coupled applications as direct-to-baseband
conversion and quadrature-amplitude demodulation.
The mixers SSB noise figure is 10.3 dB at 70 MHz using its
output amplifier and optimum source impedance. Unlike passive mixers, the AD831 has no insertion loss and does not require an external diplexer or passive termination.
A programmable-bias feature allows the user to reduce power
consumption, with a reduction in the 1 dB compression point
and third-order intercept. This permits a tradeoff between dynamic range and power consumption. For example, the AD831
may be used as a second mixer in cellular and two-way radio
base stations at reduced power while still providing a substantial
performance improvement over passive solutions.
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS

1. 10 dBm LO Drive for a +24 dBm Output Referred Third

Order Intercept Point
2. Single-Ended Voltage Output
3. High Port-to-Port Isolation
4. No Insertion Loss
5. Single or Dual Supply Operation
6. 10.3 dB Noise Figure

REV. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.

Analog Devices, Inc., 1995

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood. MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 617/329-4700
Fax: 617/326-8703

AD831SPECIFICATIONS
Parameter
RF INPUT
Bandwidth

1 dB Compression Point
Common-Mode Range
Bias Current
DC Input Resistance
Capacitance
IF OUTPUT
Bandwidth
Conversion Gain
Output Offset Voltage
Slew Rate
Output Voltage Swing
Short Circuit Current
LO INPUT
Bandwidth
Maximum Input Level
Common-Mode Range
Minimum Switching Level
Bias Current
Resistance
Capacitance
ISOLATION BETWEEN PORTS
LO to RF
LO to IF
RF to IF
DISTORTION AND NOISE
3rd Order Intercept
2rd Order Intercept
1 dB Compression Point
Noise Figure, SSB
POWER SUPPLIES
Recommended Supply Range
Quiescent Current1

(TA = +258C and 6VS = 65 V unless otherwise noted;

all values in dBm assume 50 V load.)

Conditions

Min

10 dBm Signal Level, IP3 +20 dBm

10.7 MHz IF and High Side Injection
See Figure 1

Typ
400

10
DC Coupled
Differential or Common Mode

Single-Ended Voltage Output, 3 dB

Level = 0 dBm, R L = 100
Terminals OUT and VFB Connected
DC Measurement; LO Input Switched 1

Max

160
1.3
2

40

RL = 100 , Unity Gain

10 dBm Input Signal Level

10.7 MHz IF and High Side Injection

200
0
15
300
1.4
75

MHz

1
500

+40

400
1
1

Units

dBm
V
A
k
pF

MHz
dB
mV
V/s
V
mA
MHz

+1
+1

V
V
mV p-p
A

pF

Differential Input Signal

DC Coupled
Differential or Common Mode

200
17
500
2

LO = 100 MHz, RS = 50 , 10.7 MHz IF

LO = 100 MHz, RS = 50 , 10.7 MHz IF
RF = 100 MHz, RS = 50 , 10.7 MHz IF

70
30
45

dB
dB
dB

LO = 10 dBm, f = 100 MHz, IF = 10.7 MHz

Output Referred, 100 mV LO Input
Output Referred, 100 mV LO Input
RL = 100 , R BIAS =
Matched Input, RF = 70 MHz, IF = 10.7 MHz
Matched Input, RF = 150 MHz, IF = 10.7 MHz

24
62
10
10.3
14

dBm
dBm
dBm
dB
dB

Dual Supply
Single Supply
For Best 3rd Order Intercept Point Performance
BIAS Pin Open Circuited

4.5
9
100

50

5.5
11
125

V
V
mA

NOTES
1
Quiescent current is programmable.
Specifications subject to change without notice.

REV. B

AD831
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 1

PIN CONFIGURATION

Supply Voltage VS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 V

Input Voltages
RFHI, RFLO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 V
LOHI, LOLO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 V
Internal Power Dissipation2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1200 mW
Operating Temperature Range
AD831A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40C to +85C
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . 65C to +150C
Lead Temperature Range (Soldering 60 sec) . . . . . . . . +300C

Temperature
Range

Package
Description

Package
Option

AD831AP

40C to +85C

20-Lead PLCC

P-20A

VP

IFP

20 19

AP

AN

18 COM

GND

VN

AD831

17 VFB

RFP

16 OUT

RFN

TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)

VN

15 VN

GND

VP

10 11 12 13

LOP

VP

14 BIAS

Pin

Mnemonic

Description

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

VP
IFN
AN
GND
VN
RFP
RFN
VN
VP
LON
LOP
VP
GND
BIAS
VN
OUT
VFB
COM
AP
IFP

Positive Supply Input

Mixer Current Output
Amplifier Negative Input
Ground
Negative Supply Input
RF Input
RF Input
Negative Supply Input
Positive Supply Input
Local Oscillator Input
Local Oscillator Input
Positive Supply Input
Ground
Bias Input
Negative Supply Input
Amplifier Output
Amplifier Feedback Input
Amplifier Output Common
Amplifier Positive Input
Mixer Current Output

CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection.
Although the AD831 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may
occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD
precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.

REV. B

PIN DESCRIPTION

ORDERING GUIDE

Model

LON

NOTES
1
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause
permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
2
Thermal Characteristics:
20-Pin PLCC Package: JA = 110C/Watt; JC = 20C/Watt.
Note that the JA = 110C/W value is for the package measured while suspended
in still air; mounted on a PC board, the typical value is JA = 90C/W due to the
conduction provided by the AD831s package being in contact with the board,
which serves as a heat sink.

IFN

20-Lead PLCC

WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE

AD831Typical Characteristics
65

SECOND ORDER INTERCEPT dBm

THIRD ORDER INTERCEPT dBm

30

25

20

15

10

0
10

100
FREQUENCY MHz

63

62

61

60
10

1000

100
FREQUENCY MHz

90

80

80

70

70

ISOLATION dB

60
50
40
30

60
50
40
30

20

20

10

10

0
10

100
FREQUENCY MHz

0
10

1000

100
FREQUENCY MHz

1000

Figure 5. LO-to-RF Isolation vs. Frequency

Figure 2. IF-to-RF Isolation vs. Frequency

80

60

3 x RF-to-IF
2 x LO-to-IF

3 x RF-to-IF

70

50

2 x RF-to-IF
60

3 x LO-to-IF
40

ISOLATION dB

ISOLATION dB

1000

Figure 4. Second-Order Intercept vs. Frequency

Figure 1. Third-Order Intercept vs. Frequency,

IF Held Constant at 10.7 MHz

ISOLATION dB

64

LO
30

20

2 x RF-to-IF
50

RF-to-IF

40
RF-to-IF

30
20

10

0
10

10

100
FREQUENCY MHz

0
10

1000

100
FREQUENCY MHz

1000

Figure 6. RF-to-IF Isolation vs. Frequency

Figure 3. LO-to-IF Isolation vs. Frequency

REV. B

AD831
1.00

12

0.50

GAIN ERROR dB

1dB COMPRESSION POINT dBm

0.75
10

0.25
0.00
0.25
0.50

0.75

0
10

100
FREQUENCY MHz

1.00
10

1000

Figure 7. 1 dB Compression Point vs. Frequency, Gain = 1

100
FREQUENCY MHz

1000

Figure 10. Gain Error vs. Frequency, Gain = 1

12

1dB COMPRESSION POINT dBm

1dB COMPRESSION POINT dBm

10

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

0
10

100
FREQUENCY MHz

0
10

1000

11

MIXER OUTPUT
TRANSFORMER
COUPLED PER FIGURE 18

VS = 9V

1dB COMPRESSION POINT dBm

THIRD ORDER INTERCEPT dBm

25

19

16
MIXER PLUS AMPLIFIER,
G=1

13

10
100

10

VS = 8V
9

8
LO LEVEL = 10dBm
IF = 10.7MHz
7

150

200
250
FREQUENCY MHz

300

350

100

200
300
400
FREQUENCY MHz

500

600

Figure 12. Input 1 dB Compression Point vs. Frequency,

Gain = 1, 9 V Single Supply

Figure 9. Third-Order Intercept vs. Frequency , LO Held

Constant at 241 MHz

REV. B

1000

Figure 11. 1 dB Compression Point vs. Frequency, Gain = 4

Figure 8. 1 dB Compression Point vs. RF Input, Gain = 2

22

100
FREQUENCY MHz

AD831Typical Characteristics
30

1200

INPUT RESISTANCE

25

VS = 8V

20
LO LEVEL = 10dBm
IF = 10.7MHz
f = 20kHz

VS = 9V

15
0

50

100

150

200 250 300 350

FREQUENCY MHz

400

450

INPUT CAPACITANCE
800

3.5

600

3.0

400

2.5

200

2.0

0
50

500

Figure 13. Input Third Order Intercept, 9 V Single Supply

100

150
FREQUENCY MHz

200

250

Figure 15. Input Impedance vs. Frequency, ZIN = R iC

62.4

18

VS = 9V

62.2

17

62.0
16

61.8
VS = 8V

61.6

NOISE FIGURE dB

SECOND ORDER INTERCEPT dBm

4.0

INPUT CAPACITANCE pF

INPUT RESISTANCE Ohms

THIRD ORDER INTERCEPT dBm

1000

61.4
61.2
61.0
60.8

LO LEVEL = 10dBm
IF = 10.7MHz
f = 20kHz

60.6

15
14
13
12
11
10

60.4

60.2
0

50

100

150

200 250 300 350

FREQUENCY MHz

400

450

8
50

500

Figure 14. Input Second Order Intercept,

9 V Single Supply

100

150
FREQUENCY MHz

200

250

Figure 16. Noise Figure vs. Frequency,

Matched Input

REV. B

AD831
THEORY OF OPERATION

When the integral output amplifier is used, pins IFN and IFP
are connected directly to pins AFN and AFP; the on-chip load
resistors convert the output current into a voltage that drives the
output amplifier. The ratio of these load resistors to resistors
R1, R2 provides nominal unity gain (0 dB) from RF to IF. The
expression for the gain, in decibels, is

The AD831 consists of a mixer core, a limiting amplifier, a low

noise output amplifier, and a bias circuit (Figure 17).
The mixers RF input is converted into differential currents by a
highly linear, Class A voltage-to-current converter, formed by
transistors Q1, Q2 and resistors R1, R2. The resulting currents
drive the differential pairs Q3, Q4 and Q5, Q6. The LO input is
through a high gain, low noise limiting amplifier that converts
the 10 dBm LO input into a square wave. This square wave
drives the differential pairs Q3, Q4 and Q5, Q6 and produces a
high level output at IFP and IFNconsisting of the sum and
difference frequencies of the RF and LO inputsand a series of
lower level outputs caused by odd harmonics of the LO frequency mixing with the RF input.

4 1
G dB = 20 log 10
2 2

Equation 1

where
4
is the amplitude of the fundamental component of a square wave

1
is the conversion loss
2

is the small signal dc gain of the AD831 when the LO input

2

An on-chip network supplies the bias current to the RF and LO

inputs when these are ac coupled; this network is disabled when
the AD831 is dc coupled.

is driven fully positive or negative.

VP
1

AP 19

20

IFP
18mA TYP

AN

50

50

20

20

IFN
18mA TYP
BIAS
AO

LOP 11

LOCAL
OSCILLATOR
LON 10
INPUT

Q3

Q4

Q5

Q6

50

LIMITING
AMPLIFIER

RFP
RF
INPUT
RFN

VP
BIAS

Q2

R4
1k

R5
1k

5k

BIAS
CURRENT

50

Q1

R1
20

CURRENT
MIRROR

BIAS

R2
20

36
Q7
R3
26

VN
36mA TYP

12mA TYP

Figure 17. Simplified Schematic Diagram

REV. B

16

OUT

17

VFB

18

COM

5k

27mA TYP

AD831
The mixer has two open-collector outputs (differential currents) at pins IFN and IFP. These currents may be used to provide nominal unity RF-to-IF gain by connecting a center-tapped
transformer (1:1 turns ratio) to pins IFN and IFP as shown in
Figure 18.

Low-Pass Filtering

A simple low-pass filter may be added between the mixer and

the output amplifier by shunting the internal resistive loads (an
equivalent resistance of about 14 with a tolerance of 20%)
with external capacitors; these attenuate the sum component in
a down-conversion application (Figure 20). The corner frequency of this one-pole low-pass filter (f = (2 RCF)1) should
be placed about an octave above the difference frequency IF.
Thus, for a 70 MHz IF, a 3 dB frequency of 140 MHz might
be chosen, using CF = (2 14 140 MHz)1 82 pF, the
nearest standard value.

IF OUTPUT

MCLT4-1H

VP

VPOS

IFP 20
18mA TYP

IFN

18mA TYP

CF =

RFP

RF
INPUT RFN

Q4

Q3

LOP 11
LOCAL
OSCILLATOR
LON 10
INPUT

R4
1k

R5
1k

R1
20

Q1
4

GND

VN

CF

AN
50

20

IFN

VP

19

IFP
50

AP
COM

18

5k

R2
20

BIAS
CURRENT

BIAS

CF

5k

Q6

LIMITING
AMPLIFIER
Q2

VP

Q5

1
1
=
89.7 f
2fR

RFP

Q7
R3
26

VN

VFB

OUT

16

VN 15

AD831

RFN

36mA TYP

17

Top View
VN

Figure 18. Connections for Transformer Coupling to the IF

Output

BIAS 14
VP

LON

LOP

10

11

VP

GND

12

13

Programming the Bias Current

Figure 20. Low-Pass Filtering Using External Capacitors

Because the AD831s RF port is a Class-A circuit, the maximum RF input is proportional to the bias current. This bias current may be reduced by connecting a resistor from the BIAS pin
to the positive supply (Figure 19). For normal operation, the
BIAS pin is left unconnected. For lowest power consumption,
the BIAS pin is connected directly to the positive supply. The
range of adjustment is 100 mA for normal operation to
45 mA total current at minimum power consumption.
2

AN
50
4

20

IFN

VP

COM

VFB

VN
RFP

OUT

AN
50
18

17

16

VN 15

AD831

VN
VP
9

10

LOP
11

GND

12

13

GND

VN

20

IFN

VP

19

IFP
50

AP
COM

VFB

RFP

OUT

18

17

16

IF
OUTPUT

VPOS
7

1.33k

VP

0.1F

VN 15

AD831

RFN

Top View

BIAS 14
LON

AP

Top View
8

The AD831s output amplifier converts the mixer cores differential current output into a single-ended voltage and provides
an output as high as 1 V peak into a 50 load (+10 dBm).
For unity gain operation (Figure 21), the inputs AN and AP
connect to the open-collector outputs of the mixers core and
OUT connects to VFB.

19

IFP
50

GND

RFN

Using the Output Amplifier

NOTE ADDED
RESISTOR

VN

BIAS 14
VP
9

Figure 19. Programming the Quiescent Current

LON
10

LOP
11

VP

GND

12

13

Figure 21. Output Amplifier Connected for Unity Gain

Operation

REV. B

AD831
For gains other than unity, the amplifiers output at OUT is
connected via an attenuator network to VFB; this determines
the overall gain. Using resistors R1 and R2 (Figure 22), the gain
setting expression is
R1 + R2

R2

G dB = 20 log 10

AN
50

Equation 2

GND

VN

20

IFN

VP

19

IFP
50

AP
COM

VFB

RFP

OUT

18

R2
51.1
17

R1
110
16

IF
OUTPUT

BPF
RT

20

AN
IFN
50

VP

19

IFP
50

AP
COM

4 GND

VFB

RT

Top View
8 VN

18

BIAS 14

R2
5 VN

VN 15

AD831

RFN

VP
17

LON
10

LOP
11

VP

GND

12

13

R1

RFP

OUT

IF
OUTPUT

Figure 23. Connections for Driving a Doubly-Terminated

Bandpass Filter

VN 15

AD831

RFN

16

Higher gains can be achieved, using different resistor ratios, but

with concomitant reduction in the bandwidth of this amplifier
(Figure 24). Note also that the Johnson noise of these gain-setting resistors, as well as that of the BPF terminating resistors, is
ultimately reflected back to the mixers input; thus they should
be as small as possible, consistent with the permissible loading
on the amplifiers output.

Top View
8 VN

BIAS 14
VP
9

LON
10

LOP
11

VP

GND

12

13

Figure 22. Output Amplifier Feedback Connections for

Increasing Gain
Driving Filters

The output amplifier can be used for driving reverse-terminated

loads. When driving an IF bandpass filter (BPF), for example,
proper attention must be paid to providing the optimal source
and load terminations so as to achieve the specified filter response. The AD831s wideband highly linear output amplifier
affords an opportunity to increase the RF-to-IF gain to compensate for a filters insertion and termination losses.

12

1dB COMPRESSION POINT dBm

G=1

Figure 23 indicates how the output amplifiers low impedance

(voltage source) output can drive a doubly-terminated bandpass
filter. The typical 10 dB of loss (4 dB of insertion loss and 6 dB
due to the reverse-termination) be made up by the inclusion of a
feedback network that increases the gain of the amplifier by
10 dB (3.162). When constructing a feedback circuit, the signal path between OUT and VFB should be as short as possible.

10
G=2
8
G=4
6

0
10

100
FREQUENCY MHz

1000

Figure 24. Output Amplifier 1 dB Compression Point for

Gains of 1, 2, and 4 (Gains of 0 dB, 6 dB, and 12 dB,
Respectively)

REV. B

AD831
APPLICATIONS

The RF input to the AD831 is shown connected by an impedance matching network for an assumed source impedance of
50 . Figure 15 shows the input impedance of the AD831 plotted vs. frequency. The input circuit can be modeled as a resistance in parallel with a capacitance. The 82 pF capacitors (CF)
connected from IFN and IFP to VP provide a low-pass filter
with a cutoff frequency of approximately 140 MHz in downconversion applications (see the Theory of Operation section of
this data sheet for more details). The LO input is connected
single-ended because the limiting amplifier provides a symmetric drive to the mixer. To minimize intermodulation distortion,
connect pins OUT and VFB by the shortest possible path. The
connections shown are for unity-gain operation.

Careful component selection, circuit layout, power supply

decoupling, and shielding are needed to minimize the AD831s
susceptibility to interference from radio and TV stations, etc. In
bench evaluation, we recommend placing all of the components
in a shielded box and using feedthrough decoupling networks
for the supply voltage.
Circuit layout and construction are also critical, since stray capacitances and lead inductances can form resonant circuits and
are a potential source of circuit peaking, oscillation, or both.
Dual-Supply Operation

Figure 25 shows the connections for dual supply operation.

Supplies may be as low as 4.5 V but should be no higher than
5.5 V due to power dissipation.

At LO frequencies less than 100 MHz, the AD831s LO power

may be as low as 20 dBm for satisfactory operation. Above
100 MHz, the specified LO power of 10 dBm must be used.
+5V
0.1F

CF
CF
82pF 82pF

AN
50
4

GND

VN

20

IFN

VP

19

IFP
50

AP
COM

C1
RF
INPUT

C2

5V

VFB

RFP

L1

18

51.1

0.1F

OUT

110

8 VN

5V

5V

RT

BIAS 14 NC
VP
9

+5V

IF
OUTPUT

BPF

0.1F

Top View

0.1F

RT

16

VN 15

AD831

RFN

17

LON

LOP

10

11

51.1

VP

GND

12

13

0.1F

0.1F
+5V
LO INPUT
10 dBm

Figure 25. Connections for 5 V Dual-Supply Operation Showing Impedance

Matching Network and Gain of 2 for Driving Reverse-Terminated IF Filter

10

REV. B

AD831
Single Supply Operation

In single supply operation, the COM terminal is the ground

reference for the output amplifier and must be biased to 1/2 the
supply voltage, which is done by resistors R1 and R2. The OUT
pin must be ac-coupled to the load.

Figure 26 is similar to the dual supply circuit in Figure 19. Supplies may be as low as 9 V but should not be higher than
11 V due to power dissipation. As in Figure 19, both the RF
and LO ports are driven single-ended and terminated.
+9V
0.1F
82pF

82pF
+5V

AN
50

C1

GND

VN

C2

RF
INPUT

IFN

VP

19

IFP
50

AP
COM

VFB

RFP

L1

20

OUT

18

5k

R2
51.1

5k

0.1F

17

RT
16

0.1F
7

VN 15

AD831

RFN

Top View
8 VN

BIAS 14 NC
VP
9

LON
10

LOP
11

0.1F
+9V

0.1F

VP

GND

12

13

0.1F

51.1

0.1F

+9V

LO INPUT
10 dBm

Figure 26. Connections for +9 V Single-Supply Operation

REV. B

11

R1
110
CC

IF
OUTPUT

AD831
(Q) outputs. The mixers inputs may be connected in parallel
and a single termination resistor used if the mixers are located in
close proximity on the PC board.

Connections Quadrature Demodulation

Two AD831 mixers may have their RF inputs connected in parallel and have their LO inputs driven in phase quadrature (Figure 27) to provide demodulated in-phase (I) and quadrature

+5V
0.1F
CF

CF
2

AN
50
4

GND

VN

20

IFN

19

VP

IFP
50

AP
COM

0.1F

5V

VFB

RFP

OUT

17

VN

5V

5V
0.1F

Top View

0.1F

DEMODULATED
QUADRATURE
OUTPUT

16

VN 15

AD831

RFN

18

BIAS 14 NC
VP

LON

LOP

10

11

GND
13

0.1F

51.1

+5V

VP
12

0.1F
+5V
LO INPUT
AT 90
10 dBm

IF
INPUT

+5V

51.1

0.1F
CF

CF
2

AN
50
4

GND

VN

20

IFN

VP

19

IFP
50

AP
COM

0.1F

5V

VFB

RFP

OUT

17

VN

5V

BIAS 14 NC
VP
9

+5V

5V
0.1F

Top View

0.1F

DEMODULATED
IN-PHASE
OUTPUT

16

VN 15

AD831

RFN

18

LON
10

LOP
11

51.1

VP

GND

12

13

0.1F

0.1F
+5V
LO INPUT
AT 0
10 dBm

Figure 27. Connections for Quadrature Demodulation

12

REV. B

AD831
Table I. AD831 Mixer Table, 64.5 V Supplies, LO = 9 dBm

LO Level
9.0 dBm, LO Frequency 130.7 MHz, Data File imdTB10771
RF Level
0.0 dBm, RF Frequency 120 MHz
Temperature Ambient
Dut Supply
4.50 V
VPOS Current 90 mA
VNEG Current 91 mA
Intermodulation Table RF harmonics (rows) LO harmonics (columns).
First row absolute value of nRF-mLO, and second row is the sum.
0
0

32.7
32.7

35.7
35.7

21.1
21.1

11.6
11.6

19.2
19.2

35.1
35.1

41.9
41.9

31.6
31.6

0.0
28.5

37.2
26.7

41.5
28.0

30.4
27.2

34.3
33.2

25.2
34.3

40.1
44.8

45.3
45.3

48.2
42.4

39.4
49.4

57.6
42.5

44.9
51.1

42.4
46.2

40.2
58.1

40.2
61.6

54.5
54.5

57.1
65.5

57.5
46.0

50.6
63.7

62.6
60.6

55.8
69.6

59.7
72.7

55.2
73.5

67.1
67.1

63.1
53.6

69.9
72.9

69.9
71.2

69.6
70.1

74.1
72.6

69.7
73.5

58.6
72.7

53.5
53.5

62.6
68.4

73.8
70.8

72.3
72.8

70.7
73.4

71.1
73.2

74.3
73.3

73.0
72.5

73.6
73.6

57.7
73.5

68.6
72.7

73.1
73.5

73.8
73.6

73.0
73.1

72.9
72.4

74.4
73.7

73.8
73.8

73.9
73.8

63.4
73.2

72.6
73.8

74.6
72.6

74.9
73.7

73.6
73.5

74.5
72.9

Table II. AD831 Mixer Table, 65 V Supplies, LO = 9 dBm

LO Level
9.0 dBm, LO Frequency 130.7 MHz, Data File imdTB13882
RF Level
0.0 dBm, RF Frequency 120 MHz
Temperature Ambient
Dut Supply
5.00 V
VPOS Current 102 mA
VNEG Current 102 mA
Intermodulation table RF harmonics (rows) LO harmonics (columns).
First row absolute value of nRF-mLO, and second row is the sum.
0
0

36.5
36.5

46.5
46.5

33.0
33.0

17.0
17.0

23.0
23.0

34.2
34.2

45.6
45.6

37.5
37.5

0.0
29.1

41.2
38.7

41.1
22.9

38.5
28.4

29.0
35.3

31.7
34.3

47.4
52.4

45.9
45.9

45.2
39.4

47.6
35.7

61.5
38.4

53.7
42.3

43.5
53.7

41.5
52.8

41.8
66.3

46.4
46.4

53.0
40.0

67.0
50.0

43.0
48.9

60.9
57.8

47.9
57.0

50.7
71.8

41.0
67.4

45.1
45.1

56.0
39.0

48.7
48.1

64.6
58.4

53.5
56.1

55.7
63.8

53.5
70.5

51.1
67.6

35.2
35.2

45.3
53.0

54.1
62.4

54.1
67.3

53.7
67.0

57.9
69.4

66.6
73.2

64.3
72.9

63.4
63.4

41.1
66.3

53.6
67.2

66.5
67.5

58.8
72.9

63.3
71.2

61.7
71.7

71.4
73.2

67.3
67.3

65.8
61.6

37.8
66.3

54.6
72.9

62.5
71.4

71.7
70.7

55.2
72.1

57.1
73.1

REV. B

13

AD831
Table III. AD831 Mixer Table, 63.5 V Supplies, LO = 20 dBm

LO Level
20.0 dBm, LO Frequency 130.7 MHz, Data File G1T1K 0771
RF Level
0.0 dBm, RF Frequency 120 MHz
Temperature Ambient
Dut Supply
3.50 V
VPOS Current 55 mA
VNEG Current 57 mA
Intermodulation Table RF harmonics (rows) LO harmonics (columns).
First row absolute value of nRF-mLO, and second row is the sum.
0
0

45.2
45.2

35.7
35.7

16.1
16.1

21.6
21.6

22.3
22.3

32.0
32.0

36.4
36.4

30.3
30.3

0.0
29.7

33.7
28.2

47.9
24.4

37.5
26.0

33.8
47.4

32.0
35.9

45.2
49.7

50.3
50.3

49.4
41.0

47.4
51.4

49.9
34.7

48.8
49.8

38.5
48.6

40.7
68.5

51.0
67.9

48.4
48.4

55.7
52.9

58.2
50.0

45.0
64.5

57.0
62.8

68.4
73.4

55.5
74.0

47.7
71.8

66.7
66.7

59.7
65.9

67.2
78.1

62.8
74.2

58.2
77.5

71.5
74.4

72.9
77.9

63.5
77.5

66.9
66.9

71.5
76.3

73.6
78.1

77.6
78.2

70.8
78.1

70.2
78.0

75.8
77.9

78.1
77.9

78.0
78.0

69.7
78.3

76.7
78.3

78.6
78.2

78.8
78.1

75.4
78.0

78.1
77.9

79.0
77.8

78.4
78.4

78.5
78.3

76.9
78.2

78.7
78.2

79.0
77.9

79.1
77.9

78.6
77.8

78.9
77.5

Table IV. AD831 Mixer Table, 65 V Supplies, 1 kV Bias Resistor, LO = 20 dBm

LO Level
20.0 dBm, LO Frequency 130.7 MHz, Data File G1T1K 3881
RF Level
0.0 dBm, RF Frequency 120 MHz
Temperature Ambient
Dut Supply
3.50 V
VPOS Current 59 mA
VNEG Current 61 mA
Intermodulation table RF harmonics (rows) LO harmonics (columns).
First row absolute value of nRF-mLO, and second row is the sum.
0
0

60.6
60.6

52.3
52.3

16.6
16.6

12.8
12.8

26.0
26.0

45.0
45.0

38.8
38.8

34.1
34.1

0.0
27.3

35.2
28.7

41.8
20.7

29.8
32.9

29.1
39.2

35.3
38.2

49.0
47.8

46.6
46.6

48.8
37.8

40.1
47.6

52.2
41.7

57.9
54.2

38.6
50.4

45.8
64.1

47.7
64.9

41.3
41.3

58.8
47.9

59.5
65.2

41.8
62.5

61.2
64.2

58.1
73.8

57.5
72.3

54.0
72.6

53.9
53.9

52.5
61.4

73.7
70.6

68.1
76.9

60.3
76.8

71.0
78.6

63.4
78.3

62.3
78.1

66.9
66.9

65.8
69.7

76.6
72.9

75.2
77.4

65.4
77.7

70.0
78.5

73.6
78.4

68.7
78.2

77.4
77.4

73.3
78.6

73.8
78.7

78.8
78.6

79.2
78.6

73.6
78.4

74.9
78.2

79.3
78.2

78.9
78.9

79.0
78.8

77.9
78.7

78.0
78.6

79.3
78.3

79.5
78.3

79.3
78.1

79.3
78.0

14

REV. B

AD831
HP 6632A
PROGRAMMABLE
POWER SUPPLY

HP 6632A
PROGRAMMABLE
POWER SUPPLY
HP 8656B
SYNTHESIZED
SIGNAL GENERATOR

5V

+5V

MCL
ZFSC-2-1
COMBINER

AD831

50

HP 8561E
SPECTRUM
ANALYZER

PER
FIGURE 25
LO

HP 8656A
SYNTHESIZED
SIGNAL GENERATOR

FLUKE 6082A
SYNTHESIZED
SIGNAL GENERATOR

HP 9920
IEEE CONTROLLER
HP 9121
DISK DRIVE

IEEE-488 BUS

Figure 28. Third-Order Intercept Characterization Setup

HP 6632A
PROGRAMMABLE
POWER SUPPLY

HP 6632A
PROGRAMMABLE
POWER SUPPLY
5V

+5V
MCL
ZFSC-2-1
RF

HP 8656B
SYNTHESIZED
SIGNAL GENERATOR

AD831
PER
FIGURE 25

IF

LO

HP 8656B
SYNTHESIZED
SIGNAL GENERATOR

50

50

50
MCL
ZFSC-2-1
50

HP 8561E
SPECTRUM
ANALYZER

USED FOR
IF TO RF, LO
LO TO RF
MOVE SPECTRUM
ANALYZER FOR IF
MEASUREMENTS

HP 8656B
SYNTHESIZED
SIGNAL GENERATOR

Figure 29. IF to RF Isolation Characterization Setup

REV. B

15

AD831
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).

20-Lead PLCC (P-20A)

0.180 (4.57)
0.165 (4.19)

0.056 (1.42)
0.042 (1.07)

C1879a107/95

0.048 (1.21)
0.042 (1.07)

0.025 (0.63)
0.015 (0.38)

0.048 (1.21)
0.042 (1.07)

3
PIN 1
IDENTIFIER

0.050
(1.27)
BSC

0.021 (0.53)
0.013 (0.33)

18

0.330 (8.38)
0.290 (7.37)

TOP VIEW

0.032 (0.81)
0.026 (0.66)
14

8
13

0.040 (1.01)
0.025 (0.64)

0.356 (9.04)
SQ
0.350 (8.89)
0.110 (2.79)
0.085 (2.16)

0.395 (10.02)
SQ
0.385 (9.78)

PRINTED IN U.S.A.

9
0.020
(0.50)
R

C1879a106/95

19

16

REV. B

This datasheet has been download from:

www.datasheetcatalog.com
Datasheets for electronics components.