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Problem Set 1

This document provides the problems for Problem Set 1 of the MTH 102: Linear Algebra course at the Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur. The problem set contains 20 problems related to linear algebra concepts like matrix operations, inverses, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Students are asked to prove various properties of matrices and solve equations involving matrices. Some problems are marked for discussion in tutorial sessions.

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sumer meena
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22 views

Problem Set 1

This document provides the problems for Problem Set 1 of the MTH 102: Linear Algebra course at the Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur. The problem set contains 20 problems related to linear algebra concepts like matrix operations, inverses, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Students are asked to prove various properties of matrices and solve equations involving matrices. Some problems are marked for discussion in tutorial sessions.

Uploaded by

sumer meena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MTH 102: Linear Algebra

Department of Mathematics and Statistics


Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur

Problem Set 1
Problems marked (T) are for discussions in Tutorial sessions.
1. (T) If A is an m n matrix, B is an n p matrix and D is a p s matrix, then show that
A(BD) = (AB)D (Associativity holds).
2. If A is an m n matrix, B and C are n p matrices and D is a p s matrix, then show that
(a) A(B + C) = AB + AC (Distributive law holds).
(b) (B + C)D = BD + CD (Distributive law holds).
 
 
x
x
3. (T) Let A and B be 2 2 real matrices such that A
=B
for all (x, y) R2 . Prove that
y
y
A = B.
4. Let A and B be m n real matrices such that Ax = Bx for all x Rn . Then, A = B
5. For two matrices A and B show that
(a) (A + B)T = AT + B T if A + B is defined.
(b) (AB)T = B T AT if AB is defined.
6. If A and B are symmetric matrices, which of these matrices are necessarily symmetric?
(a) A2 B 2
(b) (A + B)(A B)
(c) ABA
(d) ABAB
7. Prove that every square matrix can be uniquely written as a sum of a Hermitian matrix (A = A)
and a skew-Hermitian matrix (A = A).
8. Give examples of 3 3 nonzero matrices A and B such that
(a) An = 0, for some n > 1.
(b) B 3 = B.
9. If AB = BA then show that (A + B)m =

Pm

i=0

m
i

Ami B i .

10. Show by an example that if AB 6= BA then (A + B)2 = A2 + 2AB + B 2 need not hold.
11. If an n n real matrix A satisfies the relation AAT = 0 then show that A = 0. Is the same true
if A is a complex matrix? Show that if A is a n n complex matrix and AAT = 0 then A = 0.
12. Find two 2 2 invertible matrices A and B such that A 6= cB, for any scalar c and A + B is not
invertible.

2
13. Let A and B be two n n invertible matrices. Show that (AB)1 = B 1 A1 .
14. Let A be a nilpotent matrix. Show that I + A is invertible.
15. Let A be a 5 5 invertible matrix with row sums 1. That is

5
P

aij = 1 for 1 i 5. Then,

j=1

prove that the sum of all the entries of A1 is 5.


16. (T) Let A and B be two n n matrices. Define
Tr (A) =

n
X

aii .

i=1

Then show that Tr (AB) = Tr (BA). Hence or otherwise, show that if A is invertible then
Tr (ABA1 ) = Tr (B).
17. (T) The parabola y = a + bx + cx2 goes through the points (x, y) = (1, 4), (2, 8) and (3, 14).
Find and solve a matrix equation for the unknowns (a, b, c).

1 1 1
18. Let A = 1 x y with x and y distinct numbers different from 1. Is A invertible?
1 x2 y 2
19. (T) Find the numbers a and b such that
1
4 1 1 1
a
1

b
4
1
1

=
1 1
b
4 1
1 1 1
4
b

b
a
b
b

b
b
a
b

b
b

b
a

20. Let J be an n n matrix with every entry 1. Determine condition(s) of a and b such that the
n n matrix bJ + (a b)I is invertible. Find and in terms of a and b such that the inverse
has the form J + I.

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