[Year]

Individual Assignment 3
MS Project

Lecturer:

Prof. Dr. IR. CHE SOBRY

ABDULLAH

Writer:

MOHAMMAD GHAZI

GHAZVINI

MR081167
Q1. How does Project approach differ with Other approaches in management

Project management is the discipline of planning, organizing, and managing resources

to bring about the successful completion of specific project goals and objectives. Project
approach is the primary step of the project management process. The concept,
objectives, approach and justification of the project should properly define, agreed and
communicated. This approach is the path defining how to derive the project from the
beginning to the end. A project will pass through several stage or phases, each with a
different objective and deliverable. Typically the phases will require different skills,
structures and resource levels. It is normal to plan, estimate and resource each phase
separately.

Other management approaches that we can talk about are the risk management, cost
management, time management and etc. Each and every one of these stages requires
certain steps. For instance Risks will be assessed at the start of the project.
Contingency plans and avoiding action will be defined as appropriate. The risk
management process will pro-actively monitor risks throughout the project. All
participants will be encouraged to communicate potential issues for resolution. The
issues management process will ensure they are considered and addressed.

The scope of the project and specific changes to the solution will be controlled through
a management process with appropriate balances and controls - focused on achieving
optimum overall benefit.

It appears that radical re-thinking of the conventional time-cost-quality project

management approach to overcome the problematic issues outlined above is
necessary. In particular, a much broader look in time (full life cycle assessments), space
(the objects in its wider system settings) and costs (greener cost metrics than pure
monetary) may have to be taken into account to achieve sustainability. Project
management is the act of creating plans and managing resources in order to
accomplish a project. Project teams should balance resource investments of time,
money, and expertise with the project priority, risk, and requirements. Management
should monitor projects closely to control costs and assure adherence to standards and
specifications. A project is a scheduled undertaking for the purpose of creating a
product or service. So based on this introduction we can classify the specification of the
project management such as bellow:

- The main approach is initiating the process, planning, controlling

processes, & exestuation and closing processes.
- Main goal of the project is totally talk about Scope, Lower Cost, and
Faster act to reach the goal, High Quality.
- Short-lived with specific time constraints
- Working on finite projects or objectives.
- Subdividing projects into several pages or stages to provide better
management control

As the main purposes each project and also its approach is about parameters within the
goals will be return on investment, profitability, competition and market ability and in
totally the main approaches of a project is dependent on having:
• A realistic goal;
• Competition;
• Client satisfaction;
• A definite goal;
• Profitability;
• Third parties;
• Market availability;
• The implementation process;
• The perceived value of the project.
In my opinion there is a big number of organizations which want to go towards the
projectising to increase the percentage of their success, based on this they tried to hire
project managers with relative knowledge. We compare necessary skills for project
management and its overlaps with other management’s approaches:
Program management is the act of creating and
managing multiple projects, most of the projects are
usually related to one another. Program management
is an ongoing process in order to achieve the goals
and objectives. A program management team works to
identify the mission, projects to be accomplished. The
team provides support for the requirements of the
projects. They monitor the program plan and keep
track of information within the specific projects. After
the completion of the project, it is reviewed and
documented.
Q2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the project approach? What are the

alternatives to projectising if there are?

There are always pros and cons in every steps of the way to finalize and finish any

project. Advantages of the project approach and defining the scope could be the way it

maps out the each step of what we have to do and points out the challenges we might

be facing during the respective job so we would know in limited time (short-term) we can

wrap to the project and get the result expected with the budget defined (nothing higher

or lower) and success ratio will be higher. It is easy to monitor and control the

parameters defined.

As a summary of advantage of project approaches we can say the following list:

1. Specification of project objectives and plans including delineation of scope,

budgeting, scheduling, setting performance requirements, and selecting project

participants.

2. Maximization of efficient resource utilization through procurement of labor,

materials and equipment according to the prescribed schedule and plan.

3. Implementation of various operations through proper coordination and control of

planning, design, estimating, contracting and construction in the entire process.

4. Development of effective communications and mechanisms for resolving conflicts

among the various participants.

There are of course disadvantages in pre-planned approaches, no matter it is cost

management, risk management or time management or group collaboration we are

predicting future which is not as obvious as it seems while planning. Every factor would
be changed in an instance moment when unexpected happens. So if the managers plan

and the group follow as what they have been told, there will be no back up plan and that

would lead to failure. The dependency of the project to the external factors is higher,

which means problems such as inflation or recession.

The level of success or failure of a project is directly related to project manager’s level

of responsibility and actions which is a weakness to measure the success or failure.

The deadlines defined while planning the project is roughly and not realistic. This means

they can change and when this happens nothing else would go as plan and the result

will be the failure. To projectirse we need the elements of planning, implementation,

commanding and controlling.

Q3. PMI Provides 9 "functions of project management". Similar listing is given by other

International PM bodies/ societies/ institutes. Prepare a table comparing the different

function?

As we can find the top table which shows the Project concept and its definition we can

realized the levels of project approach and its function. Based on what has been

announced by PMI (Project Management Institute) we can find 9 functions of project

management as Project integration Management, Project Scope management, Project

Time management, Project Cost Management, Project Quality Management, Project

Human Recourse Management, Project Communication Management, Project Risk

Management, Project Procurement Management. Based on this description we could

prep
Are following table which compare the functions of Project Management and also its division to Project Approaches:

Knowledge Area ProcessIn

Project Integration D
As we can understand from the table, some functions have a share in all parts of approaches and some of them just focus

in some parts.
For comparing these 9 functions of Project Management I just found the PRINCE2®.

PRINCE2® is a project management methodology that was created for use by the

government of the United Kingdom. It is used in the private sector as well and it has

become popular in many European nations. While the 9 Functions of Project

Management Process which was published by PMI is divided into nine steps,

PRINCE2® is broken down into eight processes. Of these eight processes, three

(Starting up a Project, Initiating a Project, and planning) deal with planning the project.

Both Starting up a Project and Initiating a Project occur at the beginning of the

PRINCE2® methodology, but Planning is an ongoing process throughout the life of the

project.

PRI NCE2®
Starting up a Pro
As we can find from the PRIN CE 2 table its function is the same as project approach

I nitiating a Proje
and also the 9 functions of PMI. As a comparison we can prepare the following table:

Directing a Proje
Controlling a Stag
PRIN CE 2®
Startingu paP roject(SU)
SU1– A ppointingaProjectBoardExecutiveand
SU2– D esigningaProjectManagem entTeam
SU3– A ppointingaProjectManagem entTeam

SU4– PreparingaProjectB rief

SU5– D efiningProjectApproach
SU6– PlanninganInitiationStage