Introduction To Business Analysis

2379 Foundations of
Business Analysis
Certificate in Business
Analysis
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Post Your Introduction on BB
Name (in subject)

Education Background (general) Discussion Forum Activity
Work (general industry, as we do not need to know name of

employers)
Objective (s) of taking the class
General
Business Analysis
If you are a BA -
How did you end up as a Business Analyst?
It seems that most of us are "accidental" business analysts. That
is, we didn't start out our careers looking for a position as a
business analyst.
What do you find most challenging in your BA role?
If you are not a BA What do you find most challenging in
your current role?
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Instructor: Intro
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Thank you!
Thank you for choosing the
University of Toronto School
of Continuing Studies
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The School offers more than 600 courses in 80 certificates,

both classroom-based and online, covering a vast range of
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Certificate in Business Analysis
Identify business needs and problems,

and facilitate solutions that work
Acquire practical skills that add value to
your organization
Get closer to coveted professional
designations and certifications
Certificate-Level
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Youll Learn to:
Communicate business analysis tools, skills, and
knowledge to stakeholders and prospective employers
Balance technical and people skills to define and scope
business problems and facilitate solutions
Develop realistic plans for business analysis tasks
tailored to project, team, and operational objectives
Create impactful deliverables that facilitate stakeholder
decisions
Gain confidence by successfully completing a
comprehensive certificate and prepare for future
opportunities and professional designations
Certificate-Level
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Required Courses
2379 Foundations of Business Analysis

High level introduction to Business Analysis practices
After you complete the Foundations course, the remaining two courses
in the program may be taken in any order.
2382 Leadership in 2383 Tools and Techniques

Business Analysis in Business Analysis
Focus on practicing the people Focus on practicing the
skills associated with Business technical skills associated with
Analysis such as: conflict Business Analysis such as:
management, communications, process modelling, data
and facilitation analysis, matrices, and charting
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Session 1
INTRODUCTION TO
BUSINESS ANALYSIS
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Foundations of Business Analysis
Session Title
1 Introduction to Business Analysis
2 Underlying Competencies & BA Techniques I
3 BA Techniques II
4 BA Techniques III
5 Strategy Analysis
6 Mid Term & Introduction to Assignment 2
7 Elicitation & Collaboration
8 Requirements Analysis & Design Definition
9 Requirements Life Cycle Management
10 Solution Evaluation
11 Business Analysis Planning & Monitoring
12 Final Exam
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Course Navigation Icons
Your time is valuable so weve created some course navigation icons so
you can quickly identify key content, references and activities.
Learning Outcomes BABOK 3 References Schedule Indicators

BA Collaboration Points
Certificate, Course or Module Level Heads Up alerts as to when
with Stakeholders. a concept is presented or
when an activity or assignment
is due.
Ongoing BA Question Break

Discussion or Group Activity
Case Study eLearning Activity Module-end indicators.
(Supporting key learning concepts)
(Note: You dont have to
wait until the end of a
module to ask question,
however!)
Session 1: Learning Outcomes
Organize Business Analysis activities and
deliverables to the Knowledge Areas that
describe the BA practice
Categorize requirement types including:
Business requirements
Stakeholder requirements
Solution requirements
Transition requirements
Assess the Underlying BA
Competencies to your own level of
knowledge and experience
Session - Level
Session 1 Agenda:
Introduction to Business Analysis
The Business Analyst Role and
Responsibilities
Key Business Analysis Terms
Ark Industries: Case Study Introduction
BACCM Introduction
Business Analysis Knowledge Areas: BA
Role
BA Techniques
Agenda
Session 1: Required Readings
Required: BABOK v3
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Business Analysis Key Concepts
THE BUSINESS ANALYST
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Business Analysts
Why Are They Growing in
Importance?
Project success is achieved by
effective requirement management
An idea is worth $0 until it is realized as an
executed requirement
Requirements Management can achieve
goals better, cheaper, and faster
Outsourcing creates a greater need for
universally understood requirements
Who Does Business Analysis?
BAs come with many titles.

Product Manager
Business Systems Analyst
Process Analyst
Business Architect
Project Manager
Requirements Engineer
Where do BAs fit?
Business Solution
BAs act as a
bridge between
the business and
the solution team
to ensure usability
of the product
(solution)
Suggested reading:
BABOK Guide page 16 (2.4)
BA Stakeholders
Project
Sponsor
Manager Liaison
Solutions
Roles
Team
Designers Users
Developers
Business SMEs
Analyst Change
Testers
Manager
Technical
Quality
Writers
Assurance
Process
Trainers
Systems Analysts
Analysts
19 19 LEARN.UTORONTO.CA
The BAs Role
(Master of Requirements)
To act as the intermediary between the business
unit(s), (clients), stakeholders, and the solution
delivery team
Solutions usually are focused on:
Improving efficiency Risk
Addressing customer expectations

Delivering necessary capability
Time Cost
Quality Resources
20 Scope
The BAs Responsibilities:
Business Domain
Understands: Business
Current and future state

Stakeholders impacted by and
contributing to the future state
BA Tasks:
Business Need Development
Gathers, analyzes, documents requirements
Communicates requirements in their various
states
Prepares BA deliverables
What Does a BA Do?
PM BA - PM
Scope + Scope
Project Solution
BA
KEY TERMS
What Is a Requirement?
Definition:
A usable representation of a need

Source: IIBA
A condition or capability required to be

present in a product, service, or result to
satisfy a contract or other formally
imposed specification
Source: PMI
What Is a Requirement? (contd)
Requirement Type Description

Business Requirement High Level Statement of Goals/Objectives Outcome
Stakeholder Requirement Needs of Stakeholders that must be met in order to
meet the Business Requirements
Solution Requirement Characteristics of the Solution
Functional Solutions behavior
Non-Functional Conditions for the solution to remain effective
Transition Requirement Capabilities need to get from current state to future
state
Suggested Reading:
BABOK Guide 2.3 Page 16
Ark Industries Case Study:
Background
Case Study is from an actual company
We will use this case study in every
session
Company name changed for confidentiality
Classic example of pitfall of individual
personal workarounds in a business
process
Background (contd)
Designs and manufacturers consumer
products sold in small & large retailers
such as Wal-Mart, Shoppers Drug Mart,
and many independent shops
Global client base
300 full time employees in four countries
Sales reps in local regions
Process for Testing Samples
QA is required to send product samples for 3rd
party testing, after sales confirms a retail order
Test type depends on country the product will be
sold in, and retailer specific requirements
QA determines testing requirements, and tracks
and send samples to 3rd party for testing
Fines can result if testing is not complete,
correct, and on time
Current State
The fines are currently $50,000/month due to testing
non-compliance and the CFO is furious! It may take the
whole semester, but we need your help to determine
how to solve this problem
Current State
Quality Assurance (QA) is:
Responsible for meeting compliance regulations
Not using the company system to track orders or track samples
Using spreadsheets or manually searching each day through
customer order paperwork!
Requirement Type: Examples
This slide has been adapted to an interactive mix and match list in the elearning demo.
eLearning Activity
Requirement Type Example (Case Study)

Business Requirement Profit margins should not fall below 40%.
Stakeholder Reduce monthly fines by 80% within one year
Requirement
Solution Requirement
Functional The solution will enable confirmed customer
orders to be sent automatically to QA
Non-Functional 80% of transactions processed in less than 5
seconds
Transition QA staff must attend 3 training sessions on new
system
Suggested Reading BABOK Guide 2.3 Page 16
Requirement vs. Design
Design: Usable representation of a solution

Requirement Design
Focused on need Focused on solution
Used to define a design Use to uncover additional requirements
Information viewed as
Requirement Design
Product margins > 40% Business Capability Model
Record and access test samples Screen mock-up of specific data fields
QA alerts to track samples Process Model
Reduce the amount of time to Process Model
track test samples by 25%
What Is an Input ?
Information used or transformed to
produce an output
Difficult to produce an output without
having the necessary information
Inputs are considered BA information
BA examples? INPUT
Other examples?
OUTPUT
What is an Output?
Results produced by performing a task

Deliverable
Interim deliverable
Interim deliverables become inputs to other task
Outputs are considered BA information
BA examples?
INPUT
Other examples?
OUTPUT
BA Outputs: Examples
BAs Responsibilities - Deliverables
Business Case development
Elicitation Plan
Sourcing Activities RFPs
BAs Activity planning - Estimating
Requirements documents - BRD
Modelling Data Flow, Process Flow
Charting Process Flow (As is, To Be)
Ensure Requirements are satisfied through testing
BA Plan, Requirements Management Plan, BA
Communication Plan
What is BACCM?
Business Analysis Core Concept Model

Framework to aid understanding of BA role
Communicate using common terminology
Facilitate planning and performance of BA
work
Context Change
Value Need
Stake- Solution
holder
Context Change
BACCM Core Concepts Value Need
Stake-
holder Solution
Core Description Questions to ask?

Concept
Change Organizational Transformation as What are the kinds of changes that
result of a need are needed?
Need Problem or Opportunity What needs is the solution trying to
satisfy?
Solution Solve the problem What solutions are we creating?
Leverage the opportunity Changing? Improving?
Stakeholder Group or Individual Who are the stakeholders involved?
Value Tangible and intangible What do the stakeholders consider to
be of value?
Context Circumstances that influence or can What context is the solution and
influence the change stakeholders in?
BUSINESS ANALYSIS
KNOWLEDGE AREAS (KA)
& BA ROLE
What is Business Analysis?
The knowledge areas have been adapted to an
interactive mix and match list in the elearning demo.
Practice of enabling change in the context of an eLearning Activity
enterprise by defining needs and recommending

solutions that deliver value to stakeholders.
Set of tasks performed to identify business needs &
recommend relevant solutions to business problems.
BA Planning & Monitoring
Requirements
Strategy Requirements
Elicitation & Analysis & Solution
Life Cycle
Analysis Collaboration Design
Management
Evaluation
Definition
38 Source: Business Analysis Body of Knowledge

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Strategy Analysis
Look at the Big Picture

Analyze what the business needs to satisfy its
goals
Look into potential options and evaluate them for
feasibility and profitability
Provide the change strategy to direct future
activities
Covered in Detail in
Session 5 Requirements
Strategy Requirements Solution
BABOK Guide Chapter 6 Elicitation & Analysis &
Life Cycle
pages 99-131 Analysis Collaboration Design
Management Evaluation
Definition
Elicitation & Collaboration
Utilizes variety of elicitation activities
Gathers requirements by executing against the
elicitation plan as well as informal as-needed
sessions
Conduct iterative activities as needs evolve
Communicate BA information
Engage Stakeholders in BA process
Life Cycle
Definition
Requirements Analysis
& Design Definition
Review the requirements and designs (models)
to ensure that they are complete,
comprehensive, and add value
Ensure that any conflicting requirements are
resolved between the stakeholders
Define and assess solution options and
alternatives
Life Cycle
Definition
Requirements Life Cycle
Management
Conduct traceability activities to ensure that the
all requirements are aligned and delivered
throughout the project phases
Ensure that no extra functionality is allowed to
be included in the scope without going through
the change management process
Ensure that sign-off is achieved prior to
commencing the next stage of work
Life Cycle
Definition
Solution Evaluation
Measure and assess solution performance to

determine if they meet the business need and
deliver potential value
Recommend corrective actions to enhance
solution performance
Performed to assess and validate prototypes,
pilot and beta releases, and components of
solution BA Planning & Monitoring
Life Cycle
Definition
Specify the deliverables that the BA will be

responsible to produce
Identify the time and cost elements of BA
activities for the project plan
Outline how the requirements will be tracked
and managed
Ensure BA work is efficient and adds value
Life Cycle
Definition
BA TECHNIQUES
BA Techniques
Utilize to perform BA Tasks

Most Common and Widespread
Often used in conjunction to perform BA
Tasks
BA Techniques I
Strategy Analysis
Balanced Scorecard 223
Benchmarking and Market Analysis 226
Business Capability Analysis 230
Business Cases 234
Business Model Canvas 236
Scope Modelling 338
Concept Modelling 245
Financial Analysis 274
Covered in Detail in Session 2 Metrics & Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
BABOK Guide Chapter 10 297
SWOT Analysis 353
Mind Mapping 299
Vendor Assessment 361
BA Techniques II
Elicitation & Requirements Analysis
Collaboration & Design Definition
Document Analysis 269 Decision Modelling 265

Stakeholder List, Map, or Process Modelling 318
Personas 344 Functional Decomposition
Brainstorming 227 283
Interface Analysis 287 Data Dictionary 247
Collaborative Games 243 Glossary 286
Business Rules Analysis 240 Prototyping 323
Focus Groups 279 Sequence Diagrams 341
Interviews 290 State Modelling 348
Observation 305 User Stories 359
Covered in Detail in Session 3

BABOK Guide Chapter 10
BA Techniques III
Requirements Life Cycle Solution Evaluation BA Planning & Monitoring

Management
Backlog Management 220 Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria 21 Estimation 271

Data Flow Diagrams 25 Data Mining 253 Item Tracking 294
Prioritization 311 Decision Analysis 261 Lessons Learned 296
Use Cases & Scenarios 356 Non-Functional Requirements Analysis Reviews 326
Risk Analysis & Management 329 302 Survey or Questionnaire
Root Cause Analysis 335 350
Organizational Modelling 308 Workshops 363
Roles and Permissions Matrix 333
Process Analysis 314
CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
Assignment 1: Case Study
Due XXXX
Teams of XX
Select Knowledge Area to research
(Strategy analysis)
Research this area and produce a
synopsis report with examples or case
studies showing how these techniques are
employed.
Assignment 2: XXXX
Teams of XX (Different team composition)

Develop a generic proposal identifying
how you would use Business Analysis
practices to identify and solve a problem.
Strategy Analysis
Elicitation & Collaboration
Requirements Analysis & Design Definition
Requirements Life Cycle Management
Solution Evaluation
Underlying Competencies
Analytical Thinking and Problem Solving

Behavioral Characteristics
Business Knowledge Which competencies
Communication Skills will you use for
Assignment 1?
Interaction Skills Would any others
help?
Tools and Technology
Overview in Session 2
Rank Yourself Between 1-5 for Each
1 2 3 4 5
Analytical Thinking and Problem Solving: decision
making, learning
Behavioral Characteristics; organization & time
management
Business Knowledge: BABOK, IIBA Member
Communication Skills: writing and editing
Interaction Skills: leadership, conflict management,

facilitation
Tools and Technology: collaboration sites, Word
Sources of Additional Information
Business Analyst Handbook, Chapter 3
From Analyst to Leader, Kathleen Hass

Chapter 3
Professionalizing Business Analysis,

Kathleen Hass, Chapter 1-3
Business Analysis for Practioners

PMI Chapter 1
? Questions?
Next Class: Session 2
Underlying BA competencies overview

Introduction to Techniques
BA techniques I: Strategy Analysis
Readings
Chapter 9: Underlying Competencies
Chapter 10: Techniques
Chapter 6: Strategy Analysis Page 99-101

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2379 Foundations of

Name (in subject)

Work (general industry, as we do not need to know name of

The School offers more than 600 courses in 80 certificates,

Business & Professional Studies

Join the conversation with us online:

Identify business needs and problems,

2379 Foundations of Business Analysis

2382 Leadership in 2383 Tools and Techniques

Learning Outcomes BABOK 3 References Schedule Indicators

Ongoing BA Question Break

BAs come with many titles.

Addressing customer expectations

Current and future state

A usable representation of a need

A condition or capability required to be

Requirement Type Description

Requirement Type Example (Case Study)

Design: Usable representation of a solution

Results produced by performing a task

Business Analysis Core Concept Model

BACCM Core Concepts Value Need

Core Description Questions to ask?

Practice of enabling change in the context of an eLearning Activity

enterprise by defining needs and recommending

BA Planning & Monitoring

38 Source: Business Analysis Body of Knowledge

Look at the Big Picture

Measure and assess solution performance to

Specify the deliverables that the BA will be

Utilize to perform BA Tasks

Document Analysis 269 Decision Modelling 265

Covered in Detail in Session 3

Requirements Life Cycle Solution Evaluation BA Planning & Monitoring

Backlog Management 220 Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria 21 Estimation 271

BABOK Guide Chapter 10

Teams of XX (Different team composition)

Analytical Thinking and Problem Solving

Interaction Skills: leadership, conflict management,

Business Analyst Handbook, Chapter 3

From Analyst to Leader, Kathleen Hass

Professionalizing Business Analysis,

Business Analysis for Practioners

Underlying BA competencies overview

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