The Goa State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan

STATE OIL SPILL RESPONSE POLICY
The State of Goa recognizes the need to put in place an effective

and tested, Oil spill management capability through the Goa State
Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan ( GOA SOS-DCP), in
compliance with National objectives and the International Convention
on Oil Pollution Preparedness , Response and Control, to which India
is a party .
This SOS-DCP with its associated arrangements reflects the

determination of Goa to identify its primary responsibility and ensure
that the ecology, resources and the people of Goa are protected from
damage, both short and long term, arising from accidental or natural oil
spillages on terrestrial as well as aquatic environment, including surfacing
of tar balls on our shores.
Chairman, Chief Secretary

GSPCB Government of Goa

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THE GOA STATE OIL SPILL DISASTER CONTIGENCY PLAN (SOS-DCP)
PREFACE
Oil spills are a major concern the world over because of its harmful nature. Oil spills pollute
groundwater, on which many living things depend for drinking water. The spills seep into streams, lakes,
and reservoirs, which are drinking water sources as well as habitat where fish, birds, and other wildlife
can be harmed or killed. Vapors from spills enter indoor environments where people live and work. Goa
is blessed to have not experienced a major oil spill till date, however, the constant appearance of tarball,
during the onset of the SW Monsoons, is a bane in itself. These tarballs could be attributed to illegal
discharges by errant tankers or natural seepages from oil reservoirs. Oil spills can also have a serious
economic impact on coastal activities like tourism , fisheries, aquaculture. About 70% of the world oil
demand is ferried along the Indian coastline which subjects the Indian coast to significant oil spill risk .
Goa is India's smallest State w.r.t area and the fourth smallest based on its population. Located along
the mid-west Indian coast known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the State of Maharashtra to the north, by
Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea is towards its west .
Goa encompasses an area of 3,702 km2 (1,429 sq mi). It lies between the latitudes 145354" N
and 154000 N and longitudes 734033" E and 742013 E. Most of Goa is an escarpment rising up to
the Western Ghats range of mountains, which separate it from the Deccan Plateau, known as the konkan
region. The highest point is Sonsogor, with an altitude of 1,167 meters (3,827 feet)above MSL .1
Goa is a well known tourist destination because of its inherent beautiful beaches .
The coast of Goa, is about 105 kilometers in length . There is one main port in Goa ,- Marmugao
Port Trust which has contributed immensely to the growth of maritime trade in India. It is a leading iron
ore exporting port of India with an annual throughput of around 11.74 million tonnes of traffic for 2013-
14 of which 0.52 million tonnes is POL (Petroleum Oil Lubricants)2.
Goa has nine minor ports and the commercial jetties in Goa include 19 in the North & 13 in the
South.
Goa is also considering installing Vessel Traffic and Port Management System (VTPMS), which is
mandatory for all seaports to enable safe navigation to monitor international vessels carrying hazardous
cargo transiting its waters, terrorist landings and suspicious movements undersea. The VTPMS is designed
to improve security and navigational safety at sea and river ports. The system has been proposed by the
Captain of Ports and forwarded to the State Government for consideration.
When installed, the VTPMS will advise, monitor shipping lanes and separation scheme to enforce
compliance of safe navigation regulations, assistance to coast guards and other authorities, detection of oil
spill and improve overall port efficiency.
The coast of Goa is rich in diverse eco-systems and accordingly, its preservation and protection
is a pre-requisite for sustainable development. It comprises of bays, estuaries, rocky headlands, sandy
beaches, creeks, cliffs, saltpans, khazan lands. The estuarine ecology constitutes swamps, mangroves,
mudflats, river terraces and island.These eco-systems have large varieties of flora and fauna and provides
habitat for various wildlife and plants. The Indian constitution and various legislation such as Forest
Conversation Act, Wildlife (Protection) Act, Environment (Protection) Act , 1986 as amended provide a
protective covering . Water Act, Air Act empowers various authorities for taking necessary prevention and
protection initiatives. However, for a developing country like India, developmental activities are taking
place at a faster rate and in most cases directly affect the environment protection principles. Pollution is
the major by-product of the development activities and the oil pollution has become a major threat to the
coastal areas due to risks associated with the sea transportation and the increased importation of crude oil
into India.
Goas 105 km long coastline with mostly white sandy beaches attracts nearly 20 to 22 lakh tourists
annually. About 10 to 15 per cent of them are foreign tourists. The coast of Goa faces an increased threat
from oil spill from passing ships, port activities, petro chemical exploration and exploitation activities,
navigational accident etc. The need of the hour is the establishment of institutional arrangement through a
contingency plan to address oil spill that may affect the coastline and take necessary preventive measures
to the highly sensitive areas and other shorelines of the State of Goa. The Local Contingency Plan (LCP)
titled Goa-State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan or GOA-SOS-DCP provides the necessary instructions
to the State Environment Ministry, District Collectors, Revenue authorities , Goa State Pollution Control
Board, State Maritime Boards, Fisheries Department, Forest Department, Ports and othevarious stake
holders regarding their involvement during an oil spill that washes ashore in the coastal areas. This
document envisages that all the agencies would interact as per this plan so that the oil spill is mitigated at
the earliest causing minimum disruption and damage to local population, flora, fauna, the fishermen and
other economic activities in the affected coastal area.
For the effectiveness of this plan, it is essential that the ecologically fragile areas along Goas
coast be identified. However till date , no comprehensive study has been carried out for identification of
environmentally sensitive areas along the coast of Goa. The following study was the only one available
and it was prepared at an academic level:
A pilot study was conducted by Mani Murali.R , Scientist, National Institute of Oceanography,
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Dona Paula, Goa 403004 & Rohan Kumar
, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai- 603203 following the NOAA guidelines, which
enabled Mapping of Environmental Sensitive Index (ESI) for the oil spills at Goa coast, using
GIS, Remote Sensing . The shore line categories mapped has been matched with the shore line
class index and accordingly ranking was given on the scale of 1 to 10 where 10 is highly vulnerable
and 1 least vulnerable.. Please refer Figure below:
ESI 10 : Highest vulnerable areas like Mangrove cover, Swamps, Freshwater marshes
along Cumbarjua canal the Mandovi
ESI 9 : Sheltered tidal flats, Vegetated low banks. along Mandovi estuary/ in the two
islands within the Mandovi estuary.
ESI 8 : Sheltered rocky shore, Sheltered, solid man-made structures(Marmugoa port )
ESI 6 : Gravel beaches in which oil oil has a more tendency to percolate,
ESI 5 : Mixed sand and gravel beaches in which oil has tendency to percolate
ESI 4 : Coarse grain sandy beaches (Miramar, Bambolim, Bogmalo, Velsao, Agonda,
Palolem, Talpona, Galgibaga beach)
ESI 3 : Fine to medium grained sandy beaches (Coastal stretch along Velaso to
Canaguinim.)[This entire stretch is of almost 31 km. This shore line type is
ranked low because of less penetration of oil into it and the accumulated oil can
be driven back from shore by the action of tides and waves.]
ESI 2 : Exposed scarps and steep hill slopes
ESI 1 : Exposed rocky shores, and solid man-made structures. (Marmugoa head land,
Cape Rama and Agonda ).
[Along such rocky shores oil cannot accumulate and it will be reflected back by
wave action].
Source: National Informatics Centre
These ecosystems shelter many species and migratory birds, which are at risk during oil spills, if it
coincides with the high tides, as data 3( Shetye et.al 2007) suggests that during high tide sea water reaches
up to 40 km upstream thereby temporally altering fresh water marshes.
However , GSPCB has initiated the process of carrying out a microlevel study on the Ecological
Sensitivity Index mapping of Goas coast line as well as its riverine banks upto a distance of approx. 40
kms , through NIO , with assistance from the Director( Environment)-GCZMA.
The Contingency planning is based on the internationally recognized tiered approach that classifies oil
spills into three categories as follow:-
(a) Tier 1 is connected with preparedness and response to a small spill within the capabilities of
individual facility or harbour authority. 700 tons is often cited as the upper limit of Tier 1however,
the circumstances of the spill and the surrounding environment will determine the actual level of
response.
(b) Tier 2 is concerned with preparedness and response to a spill that requires co-ordination of more than
one source of equipment and personnel. Thus, assistance can come from a number of entities within
the port area or from other sources outside the immediate geographic area. Tier 2 describes a wide
range of potential spill scenarios and deals with operational spills of upto 10,000 tons.
(c) Tier 3 is concerned with a major spill requiring the mobilization of all department concerned and
depending upon the circumstances which way involve mobilization at regional and international
level. It deals with the spills of more than 10,000 tons.
The effectiveness of this plan depends on one of the core principles of the people of Goa, that all
life forms have the right to live in a clean environment. This principle relies on the State & its people being
prepared at all levels through commitment and participation, right down to an individual level.
As this is the first plan launched, it will be the overwhelming support of all the concerned stakecholders
and the public at large, that will help launch this plan to its ultimate effectiveness.
This SOS-DCP has been compiled with the help of inputs from the Indian Coast Guard-Goa,
Coast Guard Head Quarters , Draft Tamil Nadu Oil Spill contingency plan , and other concerned agencies
. The support extended by these agencies is duly acknowledged and appreciated. Any suggestions for
improvement are always accepted and may be forwarded to the Chairman, at chairman-gspcb.goa@nic.
in, Contact No. 8390905413.
Chief Secretary - Environment

Goa Secretariat
RECORD OF AMENDMENTS - SECTIONS
Sl. Date of Section Details of Amendment Authorized Name and

No. revision No. /Sr.No. signatory Signature of
amended the person
requesting the
amendment
RECORD OF AMENDMENTS-SUPPLEMENTS
Sl. Latest Details of Amendment Authority Date Name and

No. Supplement Supplement if any Signature of
number the person
providing
details
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr.No SECTION INDEX T O TA L PAGE
NO PAGES NO
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose 1
1.2 Background 1
1.3 01 Objectives of Local Contingency Plan (LCP) 16
18 3
1.4 Scope 4
1.5 Geographical Area 12
13
1.6 Definitions 13
14
2.0 POLICY, LEGISLATION AND
RESPONSIBILITY
2.1 Response Policy 1
2.2 Primary aim of an Oil Spill Response 1
2.3 Legislations 2
2.4 Jurisdictional Boundaries 2
2.5 Reporting the sighting of oil 3
2.6 Organization of response 3
2.7 On-Scene Commander (OSC) 5
2.8 Responsibilities of Designated Agencies 5
a) District Collector (North & South Goa) 6
b) Indian Coast Guard (Goa) 9
10
c) 02 Captain of Ports/ Minor Ports 41
50 11
13
d) Directorate General of Shipping 13
15
e) Department of Science, Technology & 14
17
Environment (DSTE) Goa
f) Goa State Pollution Control Board 15
18
g) Tourism Department 16
20
h) State/Coastal Police Department 19
23
i) State Forest Department 20
24
j) Directorate of Fisheries 21
25
k) National Institute of Oceanography 22
27
l) The Energy & Resource Institute (Teri - Goa) 23
29
m) Ministry of Environment Forests, Govt of Goa 24
30
n) Major Port: Marmagoa Port Trust/Panaji Port 24
30
Sr.No SECTION INDEX T O TA L PAGE
NO PAGES NO
o) Oil Companies (Storage/transporting / 25
31
processing facilities) located along the coastal/
inland water body bank/ONGC/Indian Oil
Corporation/ Hindustan Petroleum Corporation/
Bharat Petroleum Corporation/ Zuari Indian
Oil Tanking/ Ganesh Benzo Plast Ltd/Indian
Mollases Co. Ltd
p) Water Resource Department 27
34
q) Goa Coastal Zone Management Authority 27
34
r) Fire Department 28
35
s) Municipality/ Village Panchayat (Directorate of 28
35
Panchayats)
t) Directorate of Health Services 29
36
u) Department of Animal Husbandry 30
38
2.9 State Oil Spill crisis Management Group (SOS 31
40
CMG)
2.10 Meeting of Designated Agencies responsible 42
33
for Implementation
2.11 Emergency Response Centre (ERC) 34
43
2.12 Joint Training and Exercise 34
43
2.13 Control, Revision and Amendment of the GOA- 36
45
SOS-DCP
2.14 Maintenance Requirement 39
48
3.0 OIL SPILL RISK AND PROTECTION
PRIORITIES
3.1 Oil spill risks 1
3.2 03 Identification of areas of High Spill Risk 07
09 1
3.3 Fate of Spilled Oil 2
3.4 Probable Oil Spill Movement based on Local 45
wind and current
4.0 SHORELINE OIL SPILL RESPONSE
ELEMENTS
4.1 Assumption of Lead role 1
04
08
10
4.2 Resource Agencies 2
4.3 Emergency Response Centres (ERCs) 23
4.4 Priorities for protection 33
Sr.No SECTION INDEX T O TA L PAGE NO
NO PAGES
4.5 Shoreline Clean up equipment 3
4
4.6 Decontamination Activities 4
5
08
10
4.7 04 Shoreline Response planning and strategy 5
6
4.8 Oil Spill Scenarios 6
8
4.9 Shoreline clean-up equipment 8
10
5.0 SHORELINE RESPONSE AND OPERATIONS
5.1 Shoreline response 1
5.2 Shoreline Oil Characteristics 12
5.3 On Site Conditions 12
5.4 Behaviors and Persistence of stranded oil 12
5.5 Shoreline types 23
5.6 Main steps in Shoreline clean up Methods 34
5.7 Containment Operations 46
5.8 Net Environment Benefit Analysis 10 47
05 16
5.9 Shoreline clean up Options 58
5.10 Shoreline clean up Operations 68
5.11 The Principal Shoreline clean up Methods 6
10
5.12 Disposal of collected oil/waste 8
12
5.13 Environmental effects of various clean up 9
14
Techniques
5.14 Assistance from Service Providers 10
15
5.15 Termination of Response 10
15
5.16 Liability 10
16
6.0 REPORTING AND DOCUMENTATION
6.1 Initial Report and POLREP 1
6.2 Information Gathering 2
06
05
6.3 06 Situation Reports 2
6.4 Post Incident Reports 3
6.5 Documentation 4
6.6 Evidence Collection 45
7.0 ADMINISTRATION AND FUNDING
7.1 07 Administrative actions for Shoreline clean - up 2
03 1
Sr.No SECTION INDEX TO TA L PAGE
NO PAGES NO
7.2 07 Funding 03 02
7.3 Reimbursement of clean up costs 02
8.0 COASTAL DISTRICTS PROFILE &
PROTECTION PRIORITIES
8.1 Coastal Ecology 01
8.2 Coastal Sensitivity Mapping 02
8.3 Reserves at high risks due to oil spills 03
08 15
15
8.4 Sensitive Land uses 08
8.5 Charts 10
8.6 Biological Diversity 10
8.7 Forests 11
8.8 Hydrogeological conditions 11
9.0 APPENDIX
1 Appendix A Emergency Response Centre 01
2 Appendix A(i) Oil Spill Response Equipments 02
3 Appendix B List of Pre Designated OSC/Lead 04
Agency
4 Appendix C Important Telephone Nos. of 05
06
resources agencies (Central/State
Govt. Dept Ministry)
5 Appendix D(i) ESI Map of Goa State-NIO 08
10
09
6 Appendix D(ii) Tactical Oil Spill Sensitivity Map- 10
13
CEE
65
82
7 Appendix D(iii) ESI species distribution- GOA 11
14
8 Appendix D (iv) Important Archaeological and 15

23
Tourism sites in Goa
9 Appendix E Major Ports/ Minor Ports/Loading 16
24
Jetties
10 Appendix F Stakeholder Training Status 17
25
Sr. SECTION INDEX TO TA L PAGE NO
No NO PAGES
11 Appendix G Fish Landing Sites 18

27
12 Appendix H Road Transportation and Shoreline Access 19

28
13 Appendix I Guidelines for use of Dispersants 20

29
14 Appendix J List of approved Oil Dispersants (OSD) 22

32
15 Appendix K Prediction of Oil Spill Movement 24

34
16 Appendix L (a) Clean up guidelines for various shoreline types 25

35
Dos & Donts
17 Appendix L (b) Guidelines for Shore line clean - up 29

41
18 Appendix M United Nation Convention on Laws of Sea 39

54
(UNCLOS) & International Salvage Convention,
1989
20 Appendix N List of International Pollution Response Resource 43

59
Agencies
21 Appendix O (i) Pollution Response Resource available for 45

61
Shoreline cleanup in the State of Goa
22 Appendix O (ii) Details of Pollution Response Equipments 46

62
available with Port: Major Port: Mormugao Port
Trust Tier I, Category A
23 Appendix O (iii) Captain of Ports, Panaji Port Pvt Ltd (Tier I, 47

63
Category B)
24 Appendix O (iv) Zuari Indian Oil Tanking Ltd (Tier I, Category 48

64
B)
Indian Oil Corporation Limited (Tier I, Category
B)
Sr.No SECTION INDEX TO TA L PAGE
NO PAGES NO
25 Appendix O(v) Emergency Response Equipment for Oil Spill- 40

65
State Government
26 Appendix P Details of Oil Pollution Response Equipment 50

66
held with Coast Guard PRT (West), Goa
27 Appendix Q Immediate Measures to be undertaken on noting 52

70
oil pollution along the coast
28 Appendix R Conversion Factors 58

77
29 Appendix S Beaufort Scale Conversion 61

80
30 Appendix T List of the Hazardous Waste collectors/ 62

81
Transporters in the state of Goa
10.0 FORMAT No. FORMATS
1 F 01-02 Oil Spill Mock Drill Reporting Form 01
2 F 02-02 Oil Spill Dispersant (OSD) Certificate 07
3 F 03-02 Document Change request Form 08
4 F 04-02 Document Change request Register 09
5 F 05-02 Document issue / Return Register 10
6 F 06-02 Oil Spill Risk Assessment Format 11

10
7 F 01-05 Hazardous Waste Records 13
F 02-05 Hazardous Waste Disposal 14
8 F 01 -06 Oil Spill Report Form 15
9 F 02-06 POLREP Message Format 16
10 F 03-06 Situation Report (SITREP) 19
11 F 01-08 ESI Mapping-Birds 21
11 11 SUPPLEMENT 11 (Refer Supplement to GOA SOS DCP)
12 Bibliography & Abbreviations

Sr.No SECTION INDEX TOTAL PAGE
NO PAGES NO
1 01 Figure 1.0 Goa Coastal Villages 06
2 01 Figure 1.1 Oil Spill Response Tier Details 10
3 02 Figure 2.0 Flowchart: Oil Spill Response Team 04

Organization Chart
4 02 Figure 2.1 Interface with ROS-DCP & NOS-DCP 50
02 Figure 2.2 Activation-Deactivation Procedure 51
5 03 Figure 3.0 Wind Distribution Patterns 06
6 03 Figure 3.1 Monsoons 07
7 03 Figure 3.2 Seasonal surface currents 07
8 07 Figure 7.0 Planning 01
9 08 Figure 8.0 Hydrogeological map of North Goa 12

District
10 08 Figure 8.1 Water Level Depth:map of South Goa 13

District
11 08 Figure 8.2 Hydrogeological map of South Goa 14

District
TABLES
1 01 Table no. 1.0 Goa :District Details 05
2 01 Table no. 1.1 Nature of Beaches in Goa 08
3 01 Table no. 1.2 Oil Spill Response Tier Details 11
4 01 Table no. 1.3 Geographical Area 14
5 02 Table no. 2.0 Roles and Responsibilities 06
6 02 Table no. 2.1 Composition of State Oil Spill Crisis 40

Management Group (SOS CMG)
7 08 Table no. 8.0 Natural Reserves of Goa 03
8 08 Table no. 8.1 Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, Chorao 04

Sr. SECTION INDEX TO TA L PAGE
NO PAGES NO
No
9 08 Table no. 8.2 Mangrove Distribution in Goa 06
10 08 Table no. 8.3 Wetlands in Goa 07
11 08 Table no. 8.4 Details of Intake Points for Drinking 08

Water Supply in North and South
Goa Districts
12 08 Table no. 8.5 Monuments of National Significance 09

in Goa
13 08 Table no. 8.6 List of Sacred Groves in Goa 10
14 08 Table no. 8.7 Reserved Forests in Goa 11
The GOA- SOS-DCP with its 11 Sections is a complete whole document, created for the sole purpose
of ensuring that a minimum degree of readiness and preparedness is available in case of disaster involving
an oil related incident.
SECTION - 01
INTRODUCTION
Doc.No.: GOA/SOS-DCP-01
GOA- STATE OIL SPILL DISASTER CONTIGENCY PLAN (SOS-DCP) Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision 00
No.:
Issue No.:01 Issue Date: 15/07/2014 Page No.: 1/16
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
1.1 Purpose:
Oil spills from shipping industries and oil facilities remain one of the most serious
environmental risks for coastal states as the ecology, environment ,biodiversity, health and
livelihoods can be significantly affected in the event of an incident major or otherwise.
Although, regulations and preventive measures have been incorporated, incidental or
accidental spills do occur, as evident in the appearance of tar balls during the onset of the SW
monsoons. Hence it is essential to give high priority to developing the States capabilities to
respond to spills, as prompt action can minimize the adverse impact in case of a disaster.
The Goa State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan or GOA SOS-DCP is designed to enhance
state's ability to respond to a spill and further establish the principle of mutual assistance.
1.2 Background:
1.2.1 Indias oil demand to the tune of 75% is met through imports of crude oil from overseas
sources and the oil is exclusively transported by tankers that enter various ports located all
over India.
The State of Goa, is having a coastline of 105 kilometers, comprising of estuaries, head-
lands, cliffs, creeks, beaches. In general, head lands alternate with sandy beaches and termed
as promontories. The entire coastal stretch is traversed by seven major rivers which
forms estuary at the mouth, the Mandovi and Zuari estuaries prominent among them. The
other rivers include Terekhol, Chapora, Sal, Talpona & Galgibag. As Goa has versatile
coastal ecology, it attracts tourists from all over the world. The economy in Goa is very
much dependent upon such tourism activities. Other major socio-economic features of the
State is the fishing activity, followed by paddy cultivation and other crops especially in the
coastal plains, and mining of iron ore .
There is one major Port located in Marmugao, the Marmugao Port Trust (MPT), which was
accorded the status of a Major Port in 1963, the Mormugo port has contributed immensely
to growth of maritime trade in India.
It is the leading iron ore exporting port of India with an annual throughput of around 11.74
million tonnes of traffic of which 0.52 million tonnes is POL2. In addition, there are a few
captive ports, some of which handle oil cargo. The Goan coast is very much prone to the oil
spills as it falls within major traffic/transit zones of off-shore oil transport . Approximately
GOA- STATE OIL SPILL DISASTER CONTIGENCY PLAN (SOS-DCP)
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
80% of the world oil demand is ferried along the Indian coastline4 .The oil tankers and
other shipping vessels pose a risk to the coastline areas, whenever they are involved in fire
incident, collision, allusion, grounding , ballast release , etc. Accidental discharges may
involve escape of bunker fuel or oil cargo resulting from a marine incident. The threat is
largely a function of the types of oil cargo and bunkers carried, the degree of navigational
hazards, the weather, and shipping density in the area.
In the last decade, particularly along the Goa coast, 4 major oil spill incidents have occurred
. In May 2006 a bulk carrier MV Ocean Seraya was grounded off Karwar coast (S. Sivadas
et.al. 2008). As a result, the ship split into two and spilled oil was reported up to Benaulim
in Goa. In August 2005, heavy deposits of tar balls were reported from the major tourist
beaches of Goa. This trend appears to be an annual cyclic phenomenon and has more
frequently occurred during every monsoon since then. The passing merchant ships destined
to the ports located in Mumbai, Karnataka, Kerala etc carrying oil cargo also pose a risk
to the coastal waters off Goas coast. The possibilities of negligent and intentional oil
discharges from passing international vessels, coastal vessels, barges, fishing vessels etc can
not be ruled out, as well.
These spills can create huge stress on marine environment. As a result, marine organisms,
birds, fish, insects and benthic organisms may suffer short term and long term impact.
Coastal zones are more sensitive to such spills, as these areas comprise of estuaries, wet
lands, tidal flats, coastal plains, beaches. These areas are home of various plant species ,
mammals , bottom dwellers and play important role in maintaining equilibrium between
offshore and onshore environment.
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
1.3 Objective of Local Contingency Plan
1.3.1 The Goa State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (SOS-DCP) comprising of a District
level Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (DOS-DCP) attempts to define Standard Operating
(SOP) Procedures and tactics/action plans for responding to discharges of oil into waters along
coastlines or riverine banks of Goa . The oil discharges could be of any type, irrespective of the
cause being accidental, man-made, natural, or deliberate originating from any sources, occurring
within the ports, port waters and port facilities or outside territorial waters , likely to impact the
coast of Goa or adjacent coast line
The primary objective of this GOA-SOS-DCP is to protect the environment in general by mini-
mizing potential effects or damage to, the marine and shoreline environments, natural resources,
and other installations from impact due to a oil discharge.
In addition, the Plan is intended to minimize harm to the public, and other responders, in particular
during oil discharges so as to cause minimal disturbance and damage within navigable waters or
adjoining shorelines, ecosystem and ecology.
The SOS-DCP complements the prevention and control measures presented by integrating the
individual facilitys Emergency preparedness Plan so as to address such areas that have inadequate
secondary containment and impacts that may result from oil discharge. It also describes the
distribution of responsibilities and basic procedures for responding to an oil discharge performing
cleanup operations, as well as safe and scientific disposal of collected oil.
This objective is to be achieved by:
Minimising the spread of oil spill on the sea surface;
Recovering spilled oil on water, as much as possible;
Protecting key marine and coastal resources from impact by oil;
Cleaning & restoring an oil contaminated shorelines to its original state;
Choosing spill management strategies, which are efficient and do not, themselves cause further
damage the environment.
It is the responsibility of all SOS-DCP stake holders to:

Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
Be familiar with the SOS-DCP and to know their respective role in case of a spill response;
To maintain and upgrade their individual spill response skills, including their staff, by regular
training and demonstrative exercises;
Maintain their respective sections of the SOS-DCP so that it is:
i. regularly revised whenever changes have occurred and updated through authorized agency ;
(refer section 2.12)
ii. updated and readily available with respective agencies/stakeholders.
1.4 Scope:
1.4.1 The SOS-DCP is designed for use in responding to marine oil spills of any manner that occur,
within 12 nautical miles (24 kms) off Goas coastline and approaches and the riverine systems
extending 40 kms inland or till tidal effect is evident, whichever is more.
The plan applies to all national / state agencies, oil firms operating within the sphere of application
of the plan and all agencies that may lend assistance.
1.4.2 Goa has hills, low and highland areas. Geographically, Goa has mainly three natural divisions
namely the low lands, the plateaus and the mountain region. The entire coast of Goa stretches
from Pernem Taluka on the north to the Canacona Taluka in the south admeasuring a total
linear distance of 105 Kms of coastline of Goa. The details of coastal districts of Goa are as
follows:-
1.4.3 GOA DISTRICTS AT A GLANCE :
Goa consists of two districts, namely North Goa & South Goa. South Goa is situated between
the latitude 150 29' 32" N and 14 53' 57" N and longitude 730 46' 21" E and 740 20' 11" E.
From north to south and from east to west the district spans a distance of 86 kms and 40 kms
respectively. The total geographical area of the district is 1966 sq kms.
The North Goa District has total geographical an area of 1736 sq. kms. Its geographical position
is marked by 15o 48' 00" N to 14o 53' 54" N latitude and 73o E to 75o E longitude. North Goa
shares its boundaries with Sawantwadi & Dodamarg, of Ratnagiri
District ,Maharashtra and South Goa shares its boundaries with Belgaum and Karwar, Karnataka
on its eastern and southern sides respectively. (Refer Table 1.0). The 105 Kms coastline of Goa
is shown in Fig. 1.0 with respective beaches in Table 1.1.
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
Table 1.0: Goa : District Details

Sr.No Items Statistics
NORTH GOA SOUTH GOA
1 Geographical area (sq. km.) 1,736 1,966
2 Administrative Division (as on date)
3 Number of Talukas 6 (Tiswadi, Bardez, Pernem, 6 (Sanguem, Canacona,
Bicholim, Satari, Ponda,) Quepem,Salcete, Marmugao,
Dharbandora
4 General Information
a Number of Villages 213 359
b Population (as per 2011 Census) 818,008 (population density : 640,537 (population density : 326
471 per sq. km:) per sq. km)
c Average Annual Rainfall approx. 2932 mm 3110 mm
5 Geomorphology
a Major physiographic units Coastal plain, vast etch plain Coastal plain, vast etch plain
towards the east, low dissected towards the east, low dissected.
b Denudational hills and table Denudational hills and table land
land & deeply dissected, high & deeply dissected high west
western
ghat denudational hills ghat denudational hills occurring
occurring all along the eastern all along the eastern part
part.
6 Major Drainage Principal perennial rivers are Principal perennial river is
Terekhol, Chapora, Mandovi & Galjibagh. Non-perennial rivers
Zuari rivers. viz. Sal, Saleri &Talpona.
Non-perennial river Baga
7 Land Use (ha.)
a Forest area 35,042 ha 90,431 ha
b Net area sown 83,765 ha 53,016 ha
8 Major soil types Lateritic soil, Saline soil, Lateritic soil, Saline soil, Marshy
Alluvial soil (very thin strip soil, Alluvial soil (along north
along the coast line towards western & western part).
western part of the district).
Source: GOVERNMENT OF INDIA,MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCESCENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARDGROUND

WATER INFORMATION BOOKLET- North & South Goa
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
Fig 1.0: GOA COASTAL VILLAGES

Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
Table 1.1: Nature of Beaches in Goa

Sr.No Name of Coastal Village Type of Beach morphology
NORTH GOA DISTRICT
1 Pernem Taluka
(a) Kerim Beach Composite
(b) Paliem Beach Sandy
(c) Harmal Beach Sandy
(d) Mandrem Beach Sandy
(e) Ashwem Beach Sandy
(f) Morjim Beach Sandy
2 Bardez Taluka
a) Vagator Beach Composite (Rocky + sandy)
(b) Anjuna Beach Rocky
(c) Baga Beach Composite
(d) Calangute Beach Sandy
(e) Candolim Beach Composite (Rocky + sandy)
(f) Sinquerim Beach Composite (Rocky + sandy)
3 Tiswadi Taluka
(a) Miramar Beach Sandy
(b) Dona Paula Beach Rocky
Sr.No SOUTH GOA DISTRICT
4 Mormugao Taluka
(a) Baina Beach Sandy
(b) Bogmalo Beach Sandy
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
Sr.No. SOUTH GOA DISTRICT

(c) Holant Beach Sandy
(d) Velsao Beach Sandy
5 Salcete Taluka
(a) Arossim Beach Sandy
(b) Utorda Beach Sandy
(c) Majorda Beach Sandy
(d) Betalbatim Beach Sandy
(e) Colva Beach Sandy
(f) Sernabatim Beach Sandy
(g) Benaulim Beach Sandy
(h) Benaulim Vaddi Beach Sandy
(i) Benaulim Taj Beach Sandy
(j) Varca Beach Sandy
(k) Carmona Beach Sandy
(l) Cavelossim/Mobor Beach Sandy
6 Quepem Taluka
(a) Betul Beach Rocky
(b) Canaguinim Beach Composite (Rocky + sandy)
7 Canacona Taluka
(a) Agonda Beach Sandy
(b) Palolem Beach Rocky
(c) Loliem Beach Rocky
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
1.4.4 The respective District Collectors will be the lead agency for coordinating the shoreline response
with other agencies and the polluter within their area of jurisdiction. The District Collector will
be assisted by the other stake holders including coastal village officials, Sarpanchs /Secretaries
etc.. For Responding to the oil spill, the Indian Coast Guard (COMMANDER NO. 11) , being
the Central Coordinating Authority, has developed the National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency
Plan (NOSDCP) which has been, in operation since 1996. The draft NOS-DCP-2014 has
recently been released. The NOS-DCP brings together the combined resources of the various
organizations and Government departments, Coast Guard, Ports and oil handling Agencies, and
related industries, to provide an effective National level of preparedness to the threat posed to
the marine environment by oil spills.
1.4.5 The NOS-DCP sets out a clear definition of the responsibilities of the major participants, such
as the Coast Guard, various Ministries and Departments, Ports and oil industry. As Indian Coast
Guard (ICG), in the capacity as the Central Coordinating Authority for oil Spill response, extends
the necessary support such as coordination of oil spill response, providing technical advice, aerial
and surface surveillance, assessment support, contingency plan preparation and vetting, conduct
of PR audit/inspection and training. The National oil spill contingency plan hierarchy , consists
of NOS-DCP at the apex level to coordinate significant or disaster type spills, the Regional Oil
Spill Disaster Contingency plan (ROS-DCP) to coordinate spill in the Western/Eastern/A&N
seaboard, utilizing the resources available within the region. The District Oil Spill Disaster
Contingency plan (DOS-DCP) under state SOS-DCP , coordinates minor oil spills that affect
maritime area within the coastal state limits. The Contingency plans of the port, oil handling
agency plans and the Coastal state is integrated with the respective Oil facilities/Vessel owner
Oil spill contingency Plan on a on Polluter pay basis so that a combined effort is made for oil
spill response.
1.4.6 The Goa State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan SOS-DCP) outlines initiatives and
responsibilities for responding to oil spills or oil spill related concerns (e.g. tar balls )along the
coastal and shoreline areas, with the aim of preventing or minimizing the effect of environmental
pollution as a result of oil spill as well as, respond to the oil spill in an environment friendly
manner and dispose the collected oil/debris in accordance to the existing laws/regulations/orders
in force.(Refer Section 02
1.4.7 The Contingency planning follows a three tiered response concept, as given in Table 1.2 & Fig.
1.1.
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
Table 1.2: Oil Spill response Tier details

TIER OIL SPILL QUANTITY RESPONSIBILITY (irrespective of
LEVEL Quantity)
Tier 1 Most oil spills are small and can be dealt with
locally (Qty: <700 MT)
Tier 2 If the extent of oil spill is beyond the local
capability or affects a larger area, an enhanced Indian Coast
but compatible response will be required(Qty: Off shore Gaurd(ICG)/ Oil
>700 T - <10,000T) facilities/Vessel owner/
or near
Respective District
Tier 3 This involves a local plan for a specific facility shore
Collector with assistance
/major/minor port or oil terminal or likelihood
from ICG.
of impact/risk for the length of coastline from a
spill. These local plans may form part of a larger
regional or national plan (Qty: >10,000T)
Fig.1.1 : Oil Spill response Tier

details (Source IPEICA)
large spill TIER 3
medium spill TIER 2
small spill TIER 1
local Regional Remote

proximity to opera!ons
TIER 3 TIER 2 TIER 1
1.4.8 The Oil Spill response concept has been considered as a function of size and location of a potential
oil spill, with three tiers typically defined, which commensurate with the identified risk.
Tier 1 : Spills are operational in nature occurring at or near an operators own facilities i.e.site
specific as a consequence of its own activities and includes most shore-side oil facilities with
oil transfer sites, oil storage installations, offshore installations, and all related vessels , which
are required to plan for and be able to provide a clearly identifiable and effective first hand
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
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response to pollution incidents. Such facilities are required to have a Oil Spill Contingency plan.
The individual operator is expected to respond with their own resources. Oil Spill scenarios with
a high probability to occur but with a small impact are deemed as a Tier 1
Tier 2 spills are most likely to extend outside the remit of the Tier 1 response area and possibly
be larger in size, where additional resources are needed from a variety of potential sources and a
broader range of stakeholders may be involved in the response. State Governments are expected
to plan for and respond to such oil spills within the Territorial Sea (upto 12 nautical miles)
, along with the Indian Coast Guard (Western Region ) where the spills exceed the clean-up
capability of Tier 1, or for which no responsible party can be identified. A spill event that, having
a moderate probability and a potential major impact, is categorized as a Tier 2.
Tier 3 spills are those that, due to their scale and likelihood to cause major impacts, call for
substantial further resources from a range of national and international sources. The Indian
Coast Guard,which manages the National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOS-DCP) is
responsible for, spills within a region which are beyond the resources of the region, or which
occur within the EEZ or outside regional boundaries likely to impact the Indian coastline. A spill
event that, despite having a potentially major impact, but an exceptionally low probability would
most likely be categorized as a Tier 3.
However in practice there are potentially many factors that may influence the actual response
capability required and may extend beyond the boundaries of tiers , that are defined or established
as the case may be.
The SOS-DCP has been prepared as required by the Central Government under the National
Disaster Management Act2005 and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
(UNCLOS) and has an obligation to protect and preserve the marine environment. It is to be
consistent with the NOS-DCP which is the National plan for the response to an oil spill of any
size.
Whilst the SOS-DCP has been prepared for a response to a Tier 1 oil spill the ROS-DCP(W) or
NOS-DCP may be activated if the size of the spill is assessed as greater than that of Tier 1 or the
spill is outside the State limits.
1.4.9 Risk management
The process of defining the tiers of capability and the boundaries between them is part of a
wider risk management strategy; ensuring that all potential risks are as low as practicable and
taking measures to mitigate the residual consequences. The events that may lead to oil spills are
identified, with indicative scenarios by the only major port Marmugao Port Trust and other oil
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
handling agencies, in Goa.(Refer Supplements A-H & Format No F 06-02).
1.5 Geographical Area :
1.5.1 The SOS-DCP outlines the roles to be played by various authorities and agencies in the event of
oil reaching the shorelines. The combined stakeholder arrangements needs to be kept in place
by the lead agency of the concerned coastal district authorities in coordination with the port or
oil handling agencies located within the coastal district. This arrangement is designed to allow
rapid and cordinated response to oil spills within the defined area. The plan comprises of DOS-
DCP and is complemented ROS-DCP besides the port and oil handling agency contingency plans
approved by the Indian Coast Guard. This plan also coordinates the provision of interstate and
national support through the assistance of Indian Coast Guard.
1.5.2 The following agencies are broadly responsible for the respective geographical areas co-
ordination of oil pollution clean-up operations, along with the Polluter (Refer Table 1.3):-
Table 1.3: Geographical Area

Sr.No. Geographical Area Agency
(a) Oil Pollution in shorelines, rivers, The concerned Dist. Collectors , the State
creeks, backwaters, mud flats outside Department,and the Sarpanch/Chief Officer for the
the limits of the port area village panchayats/Municipality concerned.
(b) Oil Pollution in the Major Port limits Mormugao Port Trust and the local area
including the shorelines adjoining the administration.
port limits
(c) Oil Pollution in the non major ports/ Non major ports/jetties in coordination with the
jetties Captain of Ports and the local area administration.
(d) Oil Pollution from the offshore The concerned offshore operators, ,Indian Coast Guard,
installations State Government and the local administration
(e) Other maritime zones Indian Coast Guard in accordance to the provisions
of DOS-DCP (Maritime State wise)), ROS-DCP
-(Maritime Zone wise i.e. west south east) and
NOS-DCP (National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency
Plan) .
In all the above, the polluter, if known, will bear the primary responsibility for clean up under
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
OSCs directions. The geographical area covered by the SOS-DCP includes all territorial waters
upto 12 nautical miles offshore , inner limit of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ),including
inland waters upto a distance of 40 Kms or till tidal effect is noted, whichever is more, where an
oil spill has the potential to impact on Goas interests.
1.6 Definitions:.
(i) Contingency planning: A management process that analyses specific potential events or
emerging situations that might threaten society or the environment and establishes arrangements
in advance to enable timely, effective and appropriate responses to such events and situations so
as to ensure minimum impact possible.
(ii) "Oil Spill" -- A discharge of oil; of any kind, or in any form, including, but not limited to,
petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, tar balls and oil mixed with wastes , be it intentional/
accidental or otherwise.
(iii) "Discharge" -- any spilling, leaking, pumping, emitting, emptying, or dumping of any type
of oil or a noxious hazardous substance, deliberate, accidental or otherwise.
(iv) "Potential Spill" -- Any accident or other circumstance which threatens to result due to in the
discharge .
(v) "Co-Ordinating Authority" -- the authority or institution designated to deal with a marine
pollution emergency. it shall be represented by its senior most officer at Managerial cadre .
(vi) Emergency Response Centre" is a designated facility established by the Oil Spill Contingency
management team under the leadership of On Scene Commander, at local, region or state level,
nearest to incident site, to Co-ordinate support to the Oil Spill Contingency team during an
established emergency. It is recommended that there is only one control centre for an incident/
emergency response .
Functional areas may also open their own operations centres to coordinate their resources, under
intimation to the main Emergency Response Centre.
(vii) Supervisor is an individual in charge of a component of a response within a particular sector

of the response.
(viii) Team Leader An individual in charge of a group of personnel operating within a particular
sector, created by the On Scene Commander . Reports to the designated Supervisor.
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
(ix) "On-Scene Commander " (OSC) The authorized personnel who has overall responsibility
to coordinate and direct pollution control activities towards ensuring effective oil spill clean
up. The OSC is appointed by the State Government , and if required, in consultation with the
National On Scene Commander (NOSC).
(x) Coordinate Bring (parts, movements, etc) into proper relation, cause to function together or
in proper order to bring about an effective and satisfactory outcome.
(xi) Persistent oil Oils and petroleum products such as crude oils, fuel oils, and lubrication oils
that, when split, remain after weathering in a residual form in the environment for an appreciable
period. E.g.crude oil, fuel oil, heavy diesel oil and lubricating oil etc.
(xii) Non persistant oils are those that are generally of a volatile nature and are composed of
lighter hydrocarbon fractions, which tend to dissipate rapidly through evaporation, which, at the
time of shipment, consists of hydrocarbon fractions,
(a) at least 50% of which, by volume, distils at a temperature of 340C (645F) and
(b) at least 95% of which, by volume, distils at a temperature of 370C (700F); when tested by the
ASTM Method D86/78 or any subsequent revision thereof
(xiii) Animal means pets, wildlife, other livestock and includes aviary birds, poultry, invertebrates
and fish.
(xiv) Expert Agency Agency with relevant expertise and operational responsibility to respond to
an oil spill in accordance with the relevant contingency plan.
(xv) Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) All marine waters from the outer edge of the Territorial Sea
(12 nautical miles) seaward for 200 nautical mile limit.
(xvi) Dispersant is a non toxic chemical formulation containing non-ionic surface active agents
that lower the surface tension between oil and water and enable oil film to break up more easily
and disperse within the water with natural or mechanical agitation , duly approved for use by
NIO and ICG
(Refer Supplement J:Policy and Guidelines for Oil Spill Dispersants (OSD) in Indian
Waters)
(xvii) Net Environmental Benefit is a process of weighing the advantages and disadvantages of
taking a particular course of action (such as dispersant spraying), including recognising the
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
likely outcomes if the course of actions not taken (the impact of doing nothing). The result will
determine if there will be a net (overall) beneficial or detrimental outcome of taking the action.
(xviii) Oil Petroleum in any form including, but not limited to crude oil, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse,
oil mixed with wastes and refined products or in any form,
(xixi) Operator Oil Industry related Producers, refiners, transporters and marketers of oil, and
associated carriers and service contractors.
(xx) Place of refuge A place where a compromised vessel can safely anchor or berth to enable
measures to be taken to forestall or arrest or minimise the effects of damage (e.g. to minimise the
leakage of oil).This location should necessarily be away from human habitation and ecologically
sensitive areas.
(xxi) Vessel is a container like ship or a large boat or tanker or Any tube or canal in which the
capable of holding or circulating any fluid including oil and other similar infrastructure related
structures.
(xxii) Recovery is the restablishment of a healthy biological community in which the flora and
fauna characteristic of that community are present and functioning normally.
(xxiii) Oil tanker means a ship constructed or adapted primarily to carry oil in bulk in its cargo
spaces and includes combination carriers, any "NLS tanker" as defined in Annex II of the present
Convention and any gas carrier as defined in regulation 3.20 of chapter II-1 of SOLAS 74 (as
amended), when carrying a cargo or part cargo of oil in bulk. (MARPOL Annex I reg. 1.5).
(xxiii) Document Any information , placed on a medium. In this context, the term medium usually
refers to paper. But it can also refer to electronic, magnetic, or optical disks or any other medium
offering relevant information.
(xxv) Record is a document that contains objective evidence indicating how well activities are being
performed or the kind of results being achieved
(xxvi) Corrective Action Corrective actions are steps that are taken to remove the causes of an
existing nonconformity.
(xxvii) Preventive Action Preventive actions are steps that are taken to remove the causes of potential
nonconformitiesones that haven't yet occurred.
(xxviii) Harmful substance or Pollutant means any substance including oil, the escape or discharge
Section No.: 01
INTRODUCTION
Revision No.: 00
of which is liable to create a hazard to human health, to harm living resources and marine life,
to damage amenities or to interfere with other legitimate uses of the sea and adjacent coastal
areas.
(xxixi) Pollution incident means an occurrence or series of occurrences having or not having the
same origin, which results or has the potential to result in a discharge of oil or other harmful
substance and which poses or may pose a threat to marine environment, or to the coastline or
related interests of one or more States, and which requires emergency action or other immediate
response.
(xxx) Related interests means the interests of a coastal State directly affected or threatened, and
included among other things:
a) activities in coastal waters, in ports and estuaries, including fishing activities;
b) the historical and tourist appeal of the area in question, including water sports and recreation;
c) the health of the coastal population; and
d) the preservation of living resources.

SECTION - 02
POLICY,
LEGISLATION
&
RESPONSIBILITY
Section No.: 02
POLICY, LEGISLATION & RESPONSIBILITY
Revision No.: 00
2.0 POLICY,LEGISLATION AND RESPONSIBILTY:
2.1 Response Policy:
The State Oil Spill-Disaster Contingency Plan, as a matter of government policy, integrates three
Tiers of contingency planning thereby providing the necessary organizational structure to ensure
that the State Government can be kept fully informed of any spill occurrence, monitor the
spill response and intervene when required so as to cope with all spills which threaten Goas
environment.
TIER details are given in Sr.No 1.3.7 & 1.3.8 .
2.2 The primary aims of an oil spill response is to:
Protect human health and environment
Minimize environmental damage and its economical impacts
Ensure all measures are taken during operation to curtail & prevent further deterioration
of the environment.
Restore the environment, as near as is practicable, to pre-spill conditions.
The environmental impact of an oil spill can be minimised by good management and planning,
and by the response actions put into effect by the Combat Agency. Such actions will largely
depend on several factors:
v The type of oil(s) involved
v The size of the spill
v The location of the spill
v The prevailing sea and weather conditions at the spill site
v The environmental sensitivity index of the coastline/site impacted. (Ref Appendix D)

Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
2.2.1 State Oil Spill Response Policy:
The State of Goa recognizes the need to put in place an effective and tested Oil spill management
capability through the Goa State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan ( GOA SOS-DCP),
in compliance with National objective and the International Convention on Oil Pollution
Preparedness and Response and Control, to which India is party to.
This SOS-DCP with its associated arrangements reflects the determination of Goa to identify its
primary responsibility and ensure that the ecology, resources and the people of Goa are protected
from damage, both short and long term, arising from accidental or natural oil spillages.
2.3 Legislations
2.3.1 The oil pollution from ships and offshore installations including the single buoy moorings and
pipelines are regulated by part XIA of the Merchant Shipping Act 1958. The DG (Shipping) and the
Indian Coast Guard are empowered to take action against the polluting ship by issuing notices for
clean-up and other necessary actions against the ship-owner/master of the ship/ offshore installation
operator. If the oil pollution reaches the shorelines, the Master of the polluting ship can also be
prosecuted under the Environment (Protection) Act 1986, if he failed to take action to prevent and
mitigate the oil pollution. The legal action can also be taken by the affected parties by instituting a
suit in the civil court of damages in tort for civil wrong.
The list of international conventions in which India is a signatory since joining the International
Maritime Organization on 1959 is given in Appendix M: United Nation Convention on Laws of Sea
(UNCLOS) & International Salvage Convention, 1989.
2.4 Jurisdictional Boundaries
In keeping with the Law of the Sea Convention, Indias jurisdiction under the Maritime Zones of
India Act, 1976 extends over the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) up to 200 nautical miles seaward
of the baseline and the Territorial Sea extends to twelve nautical miles from the baseline.
Both, the Union government and State government have concurrent jurisdiction for environment in
the territorial waters of India.
The Central Government has jurisdiction in the EEZ.
The States have jurisdiction over the territorial waters, and the Central Government has jurisdiction
over waters seaward of this point (although in some cases the Central Government has jurisdiction
over the whole of India). However, for the purposes of the SOS-DCP, the State jurisdiction extends
up to twenty four kilometers from the Low tide line.
Please refer Section 1.3 for geographical boundaries.

Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
2.5 Reporting the sighting of oil:
Any sighting of oil spill in the near shore or shoreline areas is to be intimated to the local Coast Guard
office or to the Commander, Coast Guard Vasco-da Gama and to the respective District Collector.(Refer
Chapter VI and Format 01-06 Oil Spill Report & Format 02-06 POLREP Message and Appendix B:
List of Lead Agencies & Appendix C Important Telephone Nos.) District Collector/OSC will in-
turn intimate all concerned agencies and other stake-holders in the area. The Coast Guard shall take
measures to identify the polluter through aerial search and through other available means. The Coast
Guard is to be requested by the OSC to provide aerial search, aerial assessment to find the extent of
spill and classify them, so that appropriate type of tiered response can be undertaken.
2.6 Organization for response
2.6.1 Primarily the response for shoreline protection lies with the state Government through the
concerned District Collectors, who will lead the Oil spill management team as lead On Scene
Commander (OSC). (Please refer Fig 2.0: Organization Chart ), with assistance from other stake
holder agencies. The OSC should maintain a system, flexible enough to expand and contract
in size of the response organization as required and generally be large enough and sufficiently
funded to deal with a pollution incident of a specified size and nature. The OSC should also
ensure that proper arrangement is made for prompt gathering and dissemination of real time
information to all members of the response organization about actual or threatened pollution.
The decision makers in the response organization must be available at all times to receive
such information. Adequate communication facilities must therefore exist for transmission of
instructions and information, on priority. (Appendix B: List of Lead Agencies & Appendix C :
Important Telephone Nos.)
2.6.2 The concerned decision makers in the response organization must have necessary technical
expertise as well as sufficient authority to initiate action to deal promptly with a spill or with
an incident which may lead to a spill. This is of particular importance, if oil is to be dealt
immediately, before it causes further damage to other amenities. The role of decision makers in
the organization for shoreline clean-up for the State of Goa is given in the relevant sections of
this SOS-DCP,as detailed below.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00

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Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
2.7 On-Scene Commander (OSC)
2.7.1 On-Scene Commander has the most prominent role in the Oil Spill Response System. They
are responsible for directing response actions and coordinating all other efforts at the scene
of a discharge or spill. In addition, OSC's work in partnership with other Central, State, local,
and private response agencies. OSCs' duties also include providing support and information to
regional response committees. The OSC is responsible for five main tasks during an oil spill
response:
(1) Assessment,
(2) Monitoring,
(3) Response assistance,
(4) Reporting and
(5) Contingency plan termination.
The Coast Guard can be nominated along with Dy.OSC ,for coordinating oil spill in the maritime
zones of India, which is likely to impact the coast. Dy.OSC can also be a Captain of Port/
Pollution Response Officer of the concerned ports, or a competent person nominated by the
District Collector designated OSC, of the concerned coastal district for coordinating the shoreline
oil spill impact prevention and clean-up. In some cases, the oil will be disturbed on the water
surface near the shore areas and also on the shorelines. In this scenario, the Coast Guard will
be responsible for coordinating the sea based clean-up through the resources arranged by the
polluter. The shoreline/Beach supervisor will be responsible for removing the oil that has washed
ashore.
2.6.2 Interface with ROS-DCP & NOS-DCP with The OSC , in consultation with the Coast Gaurd
has the Authority to establish the response Tier depending on the existing scenario and further ,
can decide to escalate response to a higher tier i.e ROS-DCP (W) and NOS-DCP(Refer Fig. 2.1,
Section 6 of Supplement J)
2.7 Responsibilities of Designated Agencies
2.7.1 Oil spill response to shoreline is a collective effort by all the agencies and the stakeholders
concerned. The responsibilities of Designated Agencies in the event of oil spill are enumerated
in the NOSDCP document. For efficient coordination of the shoreline clean-up measures, the
following agencies will be responsible for the respective functions , both preventive and during
exigencies, as mentioned in Table 2.0.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
Table 2.0 : Roles and Responsibilities:

Sr. Name of the Agency Functional Responsibilities
No.
(a) District Collector (North Designated On-Scene Commander-OSC. The Dy.Dist.Collector will be
Goa & South Goa) the OSC in his absence
PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
Ensuring identification of different case scenarios of oil spill disasters
on shoreline/coastline w.r.t types of spill, type of shoreline affected,
amount of oil spilled, area of spillage , Wind speed & direction, tidal/
current details at each location. As well as possible various remediation
measures for respective case scenarios, in consultation with the various
oil handling facilities/tanker operators/Port Authorities.
Gauge the level of preparedness by conducting mock drills, including
beach cleaning exercises once a quarter, with due records and assessment
for further Contingency plan improvement and biannually at the state
level involving all major stake holders & close the gaps identified by
necessary corrective action (e.g. procurement , appropriate trainings etc)
in prescribed FORMAT 01-02:OIL SPILL MOCKDRILL REPORT
Prepare site-specific training program based on the possible oil spill
scenarios identified in coordination with the Indian Coast Guard , aimed at
individual enhancement and also to ascertain integration of coordinators,
response & support teams and the representatives of public agencies
involved in the combat and control of oil pollution. In addition, this
program should also specify the following:
1. Types of exercise:
2. Communication of incidents
3. Activating of response teams;
4. Mobilisation of response resources and materials;
5. Assessment of scenarios;
6. Strategic action planning;
7. Coordination of operations teams;

8. Complete response simulations.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
Identifying and updating required teams e.g. special function groups,

technical contacts e.g. NIO, NIOT, ITOPF (The International Tank
Owners Pollution Federation Ltd. ) CIFNET (Central Institute of
Fisheries Nautical and Engineering Training,) etc) ,resource agencies
(agencies providing boats , etc, oil spill experts, NGOs Local people etc.
) special interest groups etc (Refer Appendix B: List of Lead Agencies
& Appendix C: Important Telephone Nos and Appendix O: Resource
Agencies )
Keep in readiness and provide suitable man power and equipment for
cleaning of beaches affected by oil pollution.
Nominate a Public Relations officer to handle affairs related media,public
etc.
Maintain established vendors for logistics( transport, food distribution to
local teams,PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) , portable toilets etc)
with quotes valid for a year , and ensuring renewal is carried out 03
months prior to expiry.
Maintain updated list of vendors, equipment- area wise, personnel (local/
Govt.or otherwise) capable of assisting at site.
CONTINGENCY MEASURES:
Confirm and assess a reported incident and declare emergency if
required;
Notify ICG-Goa & other relevant agencies of the incident;
Establish a chain of command & responsibilities and to conduct the
planning and strategy meeting.
To ensure well equipped Emergency Response Centre (ERC) along
coastal/riverine areas, at strategic locations in necessary readiness.(
Refer Appendix A: Emergency Response Centres).
To nominate Dy. OSC for shoreline/Beach Supervisor for shoreline clean-
up.
To ensure presence of trained volunteers from NGOs, civic agencies,
colleges, general public for clean-up measures, whenever required and to
arrange the logistics for clean-up personnel.
Ensuring appropriate statements/ press releases are issued at pre-
determined times in a timely manner, to the media/public, as & when
required.
Nominate a Public Relations officer to handle affairs related media,
public etc.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
Keep approved vendors for logistics( transport, food distribution to

local teams, PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) , portable toilets
etc) , vendors-equipment- area wise, capable personnel (local/Govt.or
otherwise) in readiness
List of personnel drawn should be medically screened through Directorate
of Health Services (DHS) prior to finalization/site allocation to prevent
further compromise on health.
Ensuring recovery of cost and provide relief to affected.
Ensure site safety plan in place with designated qualified Health &
safety officer to ensure safe operations at oil spill site e.g. PPE (Personal
Protective Equipment) , hazard information, health and safety contacts
and telephone numbers, risk assessments, etc.
To ensure all possible assistance to the coordinator of the shoreline clean-
up including keeping a Medical & Safety officer readily available, in
accordance with the contingency plan.
To identify, obtain and maintain in readiness, adequate quantity of
basic pollution response equipment like deflective booms, fence booms,
and beach protection booms, spray equipments along with specialized
equipment for beach
protection and shoreline cleanup or any such agencies dealing with the same
in respective district. (Refer Appendix O:Resource Agencies)
In coordination with ICG & CoP, identify & keep in readiness suitable
type of tug/boat/fishing vessel in consultation with concerned agency/
Coast Guard for mounting the dispersant spraying equipment.
Ensure Animals/birds/plant life experts are readily listed and available for
carrying out rescue and cleaning of impacted wildlife. (Appendix D(iii))
Ensuring all relevant stake holders ( minimum 03 personnel) are trained
at atleast IMO OPRC Level I & IMO-OPRC Level II, for increasing
effectiveness of response.
To identify safe & appropriately designed places for segregated collection
& temporary storage of waste oil and oil contaminated debris through
suitable collection containers, and ensure their safe disposal to a registered
approved recycler or to authorized incinerators or any other approved
method only, at cost to the polluter,if known, in consultation with the Goa
State Pollution Control Board
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To promulgate general precautionary messages for public during shoreline

clean-up.
To provide administrative infrastructure to the agencies assisting in
shoreline clean-up.
To ensure clean-up operations undertaken by the delegated contractors
or private service providers.
To take action as receiver of wrecks, if the ships involved in oil pollution
incident becomes a wreck.
To ensure a record is retained , of all observations, decisions and actions
from start to finish is documented with relevant (including
photographic ) evidence taken including NEBA (Net Environmnetal
Benefits Analysis) (Refer Sr.no. 5.8) , expenses for measures taken & for
compensation to the affected parties like fishermen, etc
To receive a daily Incident Log & Management Report log and prepare
operations accounting and financing report.
Once cleaned, on submission of satisfactory analytical reports by of NIO
& GSPCB , the enforced Plan will be deactivated by declaring closure
To take relevant action necessary to realize the claims from the party/
parties responsible for the oil spill through DG shipping
To brief State, Local & Government officials on the status of response
activity till successful closure.
(b) Indian Coast Guard Functions as Central coordinating authority for oil Spill Response.
(Goa) PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
Assist OSC in identification of different case scenarios of oil spill disasters
on shoreline/coastline w.r.t types of spill, type of shoreline affected,
amount of oil spilled, area of spillage , Wind speed & direction, tidal/
current details at each location, as well as possible various remediation
measures for respective case scenario.
To coordinate and prepare a preparedness plan with the State Environment
Dept and the District Collector concerned to devise shore-line clean-up
strategy and shoreline restoration.
To strictly monitor and maintain records of compliance to MARPOL
73/78 by all vessels passing through Goa off-shore waters.
To ensure availability & awareness of the oil spill handling equipment/
chemicals including MSDS for various dispersants or cleaning
agents, with valid approval from NIO.(Refer Format 02-02 : Oil Spill
Dispersant (OSD)Certificate .
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To ensure all possible means have been deployed to assure that oil spills
and related contaminants (e.g. tarballs) are arrested before it reaches the
shoreline, within the 25 kms zone upto a depth of 40 mtrs.
Designated On Scene Commander (OSC) when the oil spill is in the
maritime zones other than the port and on-shore areas upto 12 nautical
miles.
To receive reports of oil pollution at sea through POLREP (refer 6.0/
Format 01-02 Oil Spill Report & Format 02-02 POLREP Message)
through the District Collector/OSC
To mobilize Coast Guards and other resource agencies/resources to
support OSCs action at on shore spill area, (Refer Appendix I: Guidelines
for use of Dispersants & Appendix L: Clean up guidelines), including
deployment of shoreline protection measures in coastal waters.
To assist local action groups on oil pollution in inland surface waters,
with max depth of 40 mtrs, or till it is possible to operate coast gaurd
vessel.
To decide the nature and extent of actions required and to advise the
authorities concerned accordingly.
To carry out first hand assessment regarding the damage and the quantity
of oil spilled.
To provide trajectory predictions for spilled oil, aerial surveillance
observations of oil on water or shore and shoreline surveys of oil to
determine clean-up priorities, in a timely manner.
To assist the OSC in conducting a joint natural resource damage
assessment with other concerned stake holders, with the goal to restore
any offshore and coastal resources harmed by the spill.
.To advise & regulate the use of OSD (Oil Spill Dispersants) due to
their harmful nature by restricting use only in shoreline depths>15
mtrs , having wind speeds>25knots , with strong off shore current
movement.
To seek additional resources from Coast Gaurd regional headquarters
(West) Mumbai, if required.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To provide required assistance to MPT and Goa State Pollution Control

Board /line Depts for combating oil spills within the jurisdiction of MPT
as well as along the Goan coast/banks.
To advise the clean-up agencies for the type/ method of clean-up intiative
to be undertaken for the environment protection
To submit reports as emphasized in Merchant Shipping Act, 1958
regarding oil pollution.
To prepare & maintain a daily Incident Log & Management Report log
, during the incident , along with supporting record of all decisions and
actions taken by the respective Department , including expenses incurred
during the the remediation of the said incident.and submit the same to the
OSC.
To prepare a formal detailed report of the entire Incident & submit the
same to the concerned OSC , within 24 hrs of Incident closure.
(c) Captain of Ports/Minor Functions as coordinating agency for Inland vessel movement
Ports PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
To ensure strict compliance & monitoring of mechanized trawlers,
barges, and other vessels in entire Port area for proper disposal/treatment
management of waste, bilge, oily water, used oil & solid waste, etc,
including sound maintenance and relevant safety measures to be adopted
for prevention of potential spillage/leakages on inland surface waters and
bilge water discharge receiving facility available at CoP / minor port as
per the inland vessel Act, 1917
Strict implementation, monitoring and record maintenance of the
compliance to the concerned applicable regulations.
Identification of different case scenarios of oil spill disasters on
shoreline/coastline w.r.t types of spill, type of shoreline affected, amount
of oil spilled, area of spillage , Wind speed & direction, tidal/current
details at each location. As well as possible various remediation measures
for respective case scenario.
To monitor and maintain violation records of electronic surveillance
through VTPMS (Vessel Traffic and Port Management System) for the
Rivers/Coast of Goa cum Electronic Security Surveillance System based on
Radars/AIS/TWS/Directional Finders, Hydrological and Meteorological
sensors for local weather conditions and Radar and Satellite based Oil
Pollution detection system. on the entire coast, including inland waters
to ensure that the beaches of Goa, adjoining coast/Rivers, estuaries are
not polluted by the Oil Tankers/Vessels calling the ports or transiting the
waters.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
The predesignated Place/Port of Refuge for the distressed tanker for

remediation as per The International Convention on Salvage 1989,will be
retained at said site itself at sea to minimize risk. Once oil is unloaded
or contained, than damaged tanker can be towed to either MPT or COP
depending on the draft of the vessel.
The place of refuge at port for vessels involved
in oil spill is Panaji Anchorage area extending
up to 9 NM .
To function as Dy.On Scene Commander (OSC) when the oil spill occur
within the port and coastline/riverine banks, under authority of Dist.
Collector/OSC
To initiate necessary action against the polluting vessel in the affected
area for clean-up
Cordinate with the local administration in affected minor ports for clean-
up & post-spill management of the oil spill in their respective area.
Keep readily available forecasts on Tide , current , Bathymetric charts
of different areas ,etc.
To ensure availability & provide necessary resources such as tugs/boats/
barges for clean-up.
Assist in towing distressed tanker to Place/Port of Refuge for
remediation .
To assist the District Collector in shoreline/coastline/inland surface water
clean-up measures by providing necessary resources available.
To maintain a daily Incident Log & Management Report log along with
records of decisions and actions taken , including expenses incurred
during the remediation of the said incident and submit the same to the
concerned Dist. Collector/OSC, along with a formal detailed report of the
entire Incident and submit the same to relevant authority.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
(d) Directorate General of Functions as coordinating agency for implementation of shipping policy
Shipping and legislation so as to ensure the safety of life and ships at sea, prevention
of marine pollution, in co-ordination with the International Maritime
Organization.
To ensure strict compliance & monitoring of vessels in Indian waters
including Port area for proper disposal/treatment management of waste,
bilge, oily water, used oil & solid waste, etc, including sound maintenance
and relevant safety measures to be adopted for prevention of potential
spillage/leakages on inland surface waters as per MARPOL 73/78 and
other relevant regulations.
compliance to the PROVISIONS FOR PREVENTION AND
CONTAINMENT OF POLLUTION 356 under the Merchant Shipping
Act, 1958.
To establish & ensure that vessels shipping oil products through Indian
Waters retain and analyse oil through an approved scientific agency at
the port of Origin to maintain an Oil chemical composition/signature data
bank for all oil consignments shipped through Indian waters inorder to
trace unknown oil spills as and when found on shore or off and the same
to be made available to the concerned authorized organizations in India.
To establish & ensure that all shipping agencies retain a refundable
caution fee of appropriate amount , based on possible ecological impact
that could be caused by the designated quantity transported, as an
Environmental safeguard, prior to entering Indian waters.
To establish control over the polluting ship or offshore installation.
To take necessary preventive action through the Marine Emergency
Response Systems Emergency Towing Vessels (ETVs).
To direct the ship owner for clean-up by issuing legal notice.
To take legal actions against the polluting ship for detention as well as
against the ship master, if no clean-up action is initiated.
To direct additional ships to assist during the clean-up operations or
chartering of tankers during oil trans-shipment operations, if considered
necessary by OSC.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To facilitate the re-imbursement of clean-up cost

To take legal action against the ship owner for compensation to the
affected parties like fishermen, etc
To take administrative and legal action for processing claims compiled
by Coast Guard and other agencies relating to any other oil pollution
incidents and forwarding claim for damages/compensation against the
polluter and for restoration efforts.
To take necessary action to realize the claims from parties responsible for
the oil spillage through the TOVALOP# agreement or any other similar
provision.
To provide IOPC@ fund claim procedures to the lead agency concerned
for compensation claims if any.
To initiate reports as emphasized in Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 from
coast guard regarding oil pollution.
To collect of evidence relating to oil pollution as envisaged in Merchant
Shipping Act, 1958, and compile evidence, collected by coast guard or
other agencies, relating to oil pollution.
To maintain a log and record of all decisions and actions taken by
the respective Department , including expenses incurred during the the
remediation of the said incident, and submit the same to the concerned
Dist.Collector/OSC.
To prepare a financial assessment of possible environmental damages
along with the concerned authorized agency , if oil spill does occur and
submit the same to the concerned Dist. Collector within required time
period or within 30 days , which ever is earlier of successful termination
of contingency plan.
(e) Department of The Department of Environment, will take action as per the laws in force
Science Technology & against the polluter for clean-up of oil spill. In addition, the following
Environment (DSTE), functions will be coordinated:-
Goa PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
To assist in making available, an oil spill simulation model through
satellite imagery that can predict possible trajectory of oil spill & possible
time period of its reaching a shoreline, extent of damage etc.
To arrange annual meetings with the stakeholders to review the SOS-

DCP under the Chairmanship of the District Collector.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To provide suitable budget allocation for monitoring and analysis, post

spill remedial measures & its containment and the same to be recovered
from the violator
To direct the agency concerned for collection of oil spill sample
To coordinate with NIO/MoEF approved/ GSPCB Laboratory for analysis
of oil spill sample.
To coordinate with the District Collector/OSC of the affected area to
intiate necessary mitigation action.
To coordinate with scientific and health departments to assess the effects
of pollutants on humans as well as biodiversity.
To provide suitable directives to Fisheries Department regarding the
closure of fishing areas near the oil-spill affected part of the shoreline.
OSC.
(f) Goa State Pollution Functions as coordinating agency for monitoring and measuring pollutant
Control Board. levels in air & water and up-keep of GOA SOS-DCP (refer 2.12)
To maintain a ready list of Identified and approved:
1. Authorized waste management facilities /agencies (recyclers/
incinerator) for safe disposal of oil contaminated debris and oil waste.
in line with the relevant Legislation (Refer Appendix T).
2. The identified storage facilities at each ERC site (containers &
storage enclosures)- (Temporary or otherwise) should be designed
as per appropriate safety measures, that can safely store oil /oil
contaminated dirt collected till safely disposed.
3. Authorized Hazardous waste transporter,which must submit plans to
that effect in line with the Hazardous Waste ( Management, Handling
& Trans-boundary Movement ) Rules 2008 as ammended.
4. Approved waste disposal methods in absence of waste management
facilities, if need arises.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
5. Have readily available and duly calibrated gas detectors for HCs,
VOCs, PAHs , Benzene, Oxygen monitoring.
To identify various equipment/field monitoring kits required for
monitoring & sample collection during oil spills and keep the same
in readiness.
To identify & make readily available a suitable type of vessel in
consultation with On Scene Commander/Coast Guard for carrying
necessary equipment for monitoring and sample collection.
To monitor & establish baseline data for coastline/ shorelines w.r.t.
bioremediation of oil contaminated areas, for parameters established by
the Board.
To immediately initiate shoreline monitoring & measurement.
To take necessary legal action in accordance as mandated in the
Environment Protection Acts & Rules 1986 as amended
To assess environmental damage and provide guidance on necessary
remedial measures.
To assist in restoration measures of the affected shoreline/coastal areas
through polluter pays principal.
To coordinate with Dept of Environment, Coast Guard and DG Shipping
for issuing notice against the polluter master/owner for clean up ,
remediation and recovery of monitoring cost of total affected area.
the respective Department , including expenses incurred during the
monitoring, analysis , remediation of the said incident, and submit the
same to the concerned OSC.
(g) Tourism Department Functions as coordinating agency for beach oil Spill Response.
To monitor beaches for appearance of tarballs/oil related residues and
report the same to NIO/GSPCB immediately for sample collection.
To collect the residue/tarballs in a container and hand over to TERI for
final disposal.
To ensure availability of :
Trained personnel employed/under contract for oil spill cleaning be
provided with a suitably approved Personal Protective equipment (PPE)-
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
1) Half face filter mask or an self contained breathing apparatus to

protect their noses, throats & lungs.
2) Nitrile or PVC gloves, coveralls, boots, and chemical splash goggles
to keep dispersants or any other chemical off their skin and out of
their eye. Refer SOP
To identify and maintain appropriate & adequate pollution response
equipment as well as shore line clean up (e.g. deflective booms, fence
booms, Oleophilic oil skimmers and accessories, adsorbent /absorbent
oleophilic pads, noiseless pumps , shovels, rakes ,buckets , temporary
sturdy storage equipment etc. along with other necessary specialized
equipment for beach protection and shoreline cleanup equipment.)
To identify & keep in readiness:
i. Recognized professional agencies, having capability in terms of

resources & man power for handling oil spill disasters
ii. Trained staff having capabilities of carrying out supervision of beach/
shoreline cleaning activities. Ensure that all responders are familiar
with the equipment to be used.
iii. Respective MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) for any relevant
material planned to be used during the Incident should be readily
available and appropriate training to be imparted to the handlers .
iv. Suitable type of vehicle/tug/boat/fishing vessel in consultation with
On Scene Commander/Coast Guard for mounting the dispersant spraying
equipment.
To ensure personnel employed/under contract for oil spill cleaning are
provided with a suitably approved Personal Protective equipment (PPE)
To ensure appropriate & adequate pollution response equipment as well

as shore line clean up along with other necessary specialized equipment for
beach protection and shoreline cleanup equipment are readily available
at incident site.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To ensure hazardous waste is collected in designated containers , labeled

and sealed and disposed off as per existing regulations and records
maintained in Format F01-05 Hazardous waste records and F02-05
Hazardous Waste Disposal.
To ensure that the following are kept on alert and readily available, if
required.
i) The identified professional agencies
ii) Trained beach clean up/supervising staff. Ensure that all responders
are familiar with the equipment to be used, reviewed respective MSDS
.
iii) Tug/boat/fishing vessel in consultation with On Scene Commander/
Coast Guard/CoP for mounting the dispersant spraying equipment.
iv) Records to be maintained of all manpower deployed for cleaning and
should be re accounted for at end of cleaning shift.
v) Ensure manpower engaged in the beach cleaning:
a. ) Follow the buddy system as it will be useful for work in extreme
conditions so that each member of a pair can watch out for early
warning signs of excessive stress( e.g. heat strokes, dehydration,
exhaustion, etc.) in the other person.
b.) Are provided Job rotation or frequent breaks, together with access to
cool fluids for rehydration & salt replenishments in the heat and warm
energizing drinks in cold conditions.
c) Ensure volunteer Responders wear desired PPE all the time on site , if
exposed to the hazard
To ensure presence of expert advise (NIO/Bidiversity Board/Forest
Dept/CRZ) where there is a possibility of workers engaged in cleaning
activities being harmed by indigenous species and adequate protection
to be provided.
Poisonous plants and dangerous animals need to be identified, and their
appearance publicized to the responders along with information on how
to deal with the threat they present, prior to starting cleaning.
Ensure supply of potable water, portable toilets, shelters with bathing
and changing , clean food and drinking water to ward off dehydration
and fatigue are readily available for responders
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00

Ensure Night operations are carried out in adequate lighting to minimize
risk to workers. (Unless absolutely necessary, avoid night operations)
Ensure responders/workers have Safe and secure access , clearly marked
,to prevent the possibility of injury (Clean-up crews should be warned
of the hazards of any particular site access)
Ensure oil , oil contaminated debris etc. Is collected in segregated
manner, including contaminated disposed PPE and stored in appropriate
containers in demarcated contained , isolated storage areas and handed
over to TERI/GSPCB.
OSC.
(h) State/Coastal Police Functions as coordinating agency for beach Security during Oil Spill
Department Response.
Staff are provided on training and awareness on
i. Hazards of oil spill on shore
ii. Measures to be adopted to maintain safe perimeters at oil
spill site.
iii. Warn public trying to gain access
To Secure the area from the access of the general public.
To maintain law & order at affected site.
To provide boats for necessary movement or extension of security
perimeter off the shoreline, or operation as would be deemed required, (
e.g. conveying emergency response personnel or assissting, etc.)
To assist the District Administration for shoreline security measures
OSC.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
(i) State Forest Functions as coordinating agency for inventorisation of shoreline flora
Department and fauna w.th specific reference to their vulnerability to Oil spill.
To maintain a ready list and map of Flora & Fauna species, area wise
that are present in the coastal /shoreline areas, especially identifying
those species at higher risk/threatened species.
Engage an approved Wildlife /Plant Coordinator to coordinate rescue and
rehabilitation operation, in coordination with other expert organization
representatives ( NIO/Animal Husbandry/CRZ/ Biodiversity Board )as
required.
To keep in readiness a mobile veterinary vehicle equipped with necessary
equipment for immediate despatch to Incident site, with the help of Dept.
Of Animal Husbandary.
To study, confirm & inventorize whether any wildlife species are affected
on account of oil spill.
To establish treatment centers in cordination with Department of Animal
Husbandry and Veterinary Services(DAHVS) where they are immediately
given medical treatment and cleaned.
If treatment centers are not available nearby, to establish temporary
facilities or other buildings having adequate space that offer electricity,
hot water, and ventilation.
To ensure minimum stress to the affected wildlife.
To rescue, transport, rehabilitate & eventual release the affected species
to a safer and uncompromised environment/place.
To take preventive measures against effects of oil spill by coordinating
with the local administration for protection of mangroves & other
protected species.
To survey and compile a report of the affected area with recommendations
on possible remediation measures.
To overlook & ensure that the remediation action in the affected area is
satisfactory.
To maintain a log and record of all decisions and actions taken by the
respective Department, including inventorisation of flora fauna affected,
rescued, released , as well as expenses incurred during the the remediation
of the said incident, and submit the same to the concerned OSC.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
Directorate of Fisheries Functions as coordinating agency for safeguarding of fishing zones w.r.t
their specific vulnerability to Oil spill
To ensure strict compliance & monitoring of mechanized trawlers, and
other vessels in entire area for proper disposal/treatment management
of waste, bilge, oily water, used oil & solid waste, etc, including sound
maintenance and relevant safety measures to be adopted for prevention
of potential spillage/leakages on inland surface waters and bilge water
discharge receiving facility available at CoP / minor port as per the inland
vessel Act, 1917
To keep in readiness a detailed List, and plan on identified rich fishing
grounds along with various species present along the coast & inland water
ways. ( Refer Appendix G: Fish Landing Sites )
To assist/advice local action group in indentifying and keeping readily
available identification of the rich fishing grounds so as to give priority
for protection of such zones from oil spills as well as to avoid use of
dispersants.
To arrange suitable fishing vessels for mounting the oil spill dispersant
equipment on which oil pollution equipment can be mounted.
To advise and impart awareness to fishermen on the effects of oil pollution
on coastal fisheries.
To promulgate suitable notification and information to fishing boats
regarding oil spill location and possible movement.
To promulgate suitable notification and information to fishing boats
regarding oil spill location and possible movement.
To provide fishing boats to stakeholders for assistance , if required, in
transporting logistics/other requirements in shallow waters.
To impose ban on fishing in the affected area.
To assist in preparation of claims for fishermen and restoration of fishing
areas within 30 days of successful LCP closure.
To maintain a log of all decisions and actions taken by the respective
Department during the remediation of the said incident , and submit the
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
(k) National Institute of Functions as coordinating agency for technical support & scientific
Oceanography research on oil spill aspects.
To ensure readiness & availability of following information :
1) Natural shoreline profile (physical/chemical/biological parameters
2) Effects of oil spill on different shore types (sand/rocks/marshes etc.)
and its possible extent of damage.
3) Possible effect of oil decomposing microbes in different shoreline
profile.
4) Possible impact of oil pollution on the structure and function of
natural microbial communities to protect coastal water quality
5) Possible harmful effects of shoreline oil
Spills on coastal biodiversity.
6) Steps to be adopted by relevant authority on minimizing the harmful
effect on coastal biodiversity.
Mapping of ecologically sensitive areas in the coastal and offshore in
consultation with Ministry of Environment and Forest.(MOEF)
Identification of highly valued or sensitive habitats or resources,
Review of the sensitivity mapping listed by other agencies.
Providing scientific support through Coastal Ocean Monitoring and
prediction system (COMAPS) centre and units in investigate oil pollution
monitoring during the oil spills and also deployment of its research vessels
for this purpose.
Develop an oil pollution modeling software ,specific to the coast of Goa
to determine the impact of potential oil pollution with results providing an
indication as to the trajectory and likely fate (weathering and transport) of
the oil.
Organizing research and imparting awareness on impact of oil pollution
marine living resources through appropriate scientific programmes/
projects/interventions.
Estimating fate of slick
To serve as a channel for scientific information to the OSC .i,e, To
provide necessary scientific ocean data regarding currents, wind, swell,
trajectory predictions etc
Provide laboratory facilities for oil spill sample testing or any such
services required. Sample collection includes water, sediment, and
tissues for chemical analyses, including fingerprinting.
Organizing follow-up scientific studies on the post spill ecological effect
of oil pollution incidents as case studies.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
Carry out forensic investigation for oil finger printing analysis to identify
probable polluting source, to determine the spill source identification
which normally comes from the run-off fuel from land-based sources,
ship discharges and accidental or natural spills or if the violator is not
identified.
Carry out pre- and post-impact field studies by collecting data on the
effects of oil on :
a) the water Column
b) Fisheries and plankton
c) Submerged aquatic vegetation
d) Shorelines
e) Subtidal habitats
f) Shallow and deepwater corals
g) Marine Birds
h) Marine mammals and turtles
i) Wildlife
j) Human uses, for example, fishing, hunting, and beach
closure
To endorse use of OSD based on toxicity.(Refer Format No. F 02-02 :
Oil Spill Dispersant (OSD) Certificate )
OSC.
(l) The Energy and Functions as coordinating agency for technical support on bioremediation &
Resources Institute scientific research on oil spill remediation .
(TERI-Goa)
To provide assistance if called on duty for :
Bioremediation of tar balls, crude oil spill sites, treatment of oily sludge
and other oil contaminated debris .
Advise on possible optional treatment methods
To ensure bio-remediation of tarball/oil waste residues, as and when
informed by concerned Depts.
OSC.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
(m) Ministry of Functions as coordinating agency for guidance on technical support &
Environment and scientific research on oil spill remediation till end- of -life .
Forest, Government of
India
Determine Policy for usage of dispersant in the shoreline areas and
establish guidelines for remediating oil spills moving offshore.
Approval of the mapping of ecologically sensitive areas and biosphere
reserve along the coastal areas and inland water resources Vis-a-vis
effects of oil spill on the local ecosystems.
Determining the policy for usage of possible permissible bio-remediation
measures & follow up action .
Provide assistance if called for technical and scientific support.
(n) Major Port : Marmugao Functions as coordinating agency for oil spill handling
Port Trust/Panaji Port PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
Identification of different case scenarios of oil spill disasters on
shoreline/coastline w.r.t types of spill, type of shoreline affected, amount
of oil spilled, area of spillage , Wind speed & direction, tidal/current
details at each location. As well as possible various remediation measures
for respective case scenario.
To function as nodal agency for the overall co-ordination of actions in
the area within port limits as regards to oil pollution response measures,
under OSC.
To ensure strict compliance & monitoring of mechanized and other
vessels in entire Port area for proper disposal/treatment management
of waste, bilge, oily water, used oil & solid waste, etc, including sound
maintenance and relevant safety measures to be adopted for prevention
of potential spillage/leakages on inland surface waters and bilge water
discharge receiving facility available at MPT as per the MARPOL
73/78
To provide manpower and shoreline clean up resources to the District
administration whenever required.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To provide boats/barges/skimmers and pumps for removing oil on water

near the shorelines.
In case of oil spills outside MPT limits, render assistance to Coast Guard
by providing suitable berths for ships engaged in response operations and
provide any other assistance as 0required.
OSC.
(o) Oil companies (storage / Functions as coordinating agency for oil spill handling.
transporting /processing PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
facilities) located along
the coastal/ inland water Identification of different case scenarios of oil spill disasters on shoreline/
body bank /ONGC/ coastline w.r.t types of spill, type of shoreline affected, amount of oil
Indian Oil Corporation/ spilled, area of spillage , Wind speed & direction, tidal/current details
Hindustan Petroleum at each location, depending on the kind of installation /facilities including
Corporation Ltd./ transfer pipelines available, as well as possible various remediation
Bharat Petroleum measures for respective case scenario.
Corporation/Zuari
Indian Oil Tanking/ To provide and keep in readiness, details on the following:
Ganesh Benzoplast
Ltd./Indian Mollasses 1. Mode & Type of transfer operations
Co.Ltd. 2. Oil storage capacity
3. Details & layout of secondary containment
4. Proximity to fish, wildlife, any flora & fauna, natural reserves,sensitive

environments or drinking-water intakes
5. Spill history
6. Oil Spill Contingency Plans for the vessels
transporting oil to the the coast of Goa.
Availability of up-dated Oil spill Emergency preparedness plan.
To keep readily available Area wise Maps & charts and lists drawn for
the entire stretch of coastline/shoreline as well as riverine banks of their
respective village/township , with the following clearly demarcated
for the purpose of prioritizing areas to be protected, based on seasonal
variations, giving more importance to ecologically sensitive sites:
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
1. Type of shoreline/bank ( e.g. sandy, pebbles, rocky etc.)

2. Ecologically sensitive Sites ( e.g. fauna, flora, animal life, turtle
nesting site , migratory bird sites, coconut plantations, mangroves,
khazan lands etc. With individual ecological costs
3. Economically sensitive Sites ( e.g. tourist spots, archeological sites,
religious sites, fishing sites etc. With individual costs.
4. Nearest free access by road
5. Names and contact details of local organizations/locals/ NGOs ready
to assist at short notice.
6. Containers & safe Areas for storage of hazardous waste (Oils, oil,
contaminated debris etc). ( temporary, or otherwise), if required till
approved disposal is implemented and routes for the disposal of waste
need to be clearly marked, at cost to polluter.
7. Possible designated and strategically viable Emergency Control
Centers in their respective area.
To assist local administration with the available resources and manpower
for shoreline clean-up equipment and dispersants/chemicals as and when
required.
To ensure that contractors hired for on-site cleanup or any such oil spill
related activity are efficiently trained before deployment to site.
To assist in chartering of tankers to undertake transportation/ Trans
shipment operations.
To arrange alternate storage of oil shipped
Ready availability of Oil spill Emergency preparedness plan.
Oil Storage installations/ Oil storage installation pipelines/nearest
offshore installations Oil Tankers using port facilities in Goa, are to
submit:
a. Their respective oil spill contingency plans w.r.t storage facility
including pipeline layout. (Ref Supplements A-E )
b. Secondary containment measures undertaken to prevent oil spills at
storage facilities, tanker operations at Port, pipelines transfers etc.
OSC. (Only if Non-polluter).
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
(p) Water Resources Functions as coordinating agency for ensuring integrity of the inland
Department (WRD) water ways.
To have readily available List , details and map on natural water bodies
within the state of Goa , extending into adjoining states with end use
details.
To periodically monitor the banks of the natural water bodies so as

to ensure health of the water bodies & ensure prevention of further
deterioration.
respective Department , including expenses incurred if any during the the
OSC.
(q) Goa Coastal Zone Functions as coordinating agency for ensuring integrity of the coastal areas
Management PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
Authority(GCZMA) Review coastal development projects if any, related to energy and oil
infrastructure or marine facilities located in the coastal zone, within
12 nautical miles off the coastline and in case of inland water bodies
(rivers) ,upto 100 mtrs or width of the river whichever is less for oil spill
prevention and response, measures and oil spill response plans
To provide & issue necessary approvals for temporary, erectment or
removal of sites or any activity that might involve alteration of or within
CRZ area, especially during cleanup process.
To provide their relevant assessment of the impact (ecologically &
economically ) & maintain a log and record of all decisions and actions
taken by the respective Department , including expenses incurred during
the remediation of the said incident, and submit the same to the concerned
Dist.Collector.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
(r) Department of Fire & Functions as coordinating agency for ensuring safety of the affected area.
Emergency Services PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
Ensure staff are imparted awareness w.r.t Fire and safety aspects of oil
spill related fires.
Ensure ready availability of all fire suppressing media and appropriate
equipment required for oil related fires.
To be on emergency standby in case of fire incidence.
To be sufficiently prepared and suitably equipped to provide assistance if
required.
If involved in any manner, to maintain a log and record of all decisions
and actions taken by the respective Department , including expenses
incurred during the the remediation of the said incident, and submit the
(s) Municipality/Village Functions as coordinating agency for handling oil spills at site.
Panchayat ( Directorate PREVENTIVE MEASURES:
of Panchayats)
To keep readily available Area wise Maps & charts drawn for the entire
stretch of coastline/shoreline as well as riverine banks of their respective
village/township , with the following clearly demarcated for the purpose
of prioritizing areas to be protected, based on seasonal variations.
1. Type of shoreline/bank ( e.g. sandy, pebbles, rocky etc.)
2. List of Ecologically sensitive Sites ( e.g. fauna, flora, animal life, turtle
nesting site , migratory bird sites, coconut plantations, mangroves,
khazan lands etc. With individual ecological costs
3. List of economically sensitive Sites ( e.g. tourist spots, archeological
sites, religious sites, fishing sites etc. With individual costs.
4. Nearest free access by road
5. Names of local organizations/locals/ NGOs ready to assist at short
notice.
6. Containers & Areas for storage of hazardous waste (Oils, oil,
contaminated debris etc).
7. Possible designated and strategically viable Emergency Control Centers
in their respective area.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
To ensure use of OSD is with prior approval from ICG and duly endorsed
by NIO.
OSC.
(t) Directorate of Health Functions as coordinating agency for ensuring health of the oil spill
Services (DHS) management teams at site.
Ensure staff are imparted necessary awareness on possible health
concerns during oil spills .
Ensure ready availability of sufficient number of well equipped
ambulance capable of giving life sustaining support, for transportation
of victims to hospitals.
Ensure ready availability of required medical supplies to impart
necessary first aid
Keep readily available a list of the medical team personnel on standby
duty.
To ensure the health of the workers ( including contractors, volunteers,
NGOs etc) is not compromised during clean up.
Prior to deploying for clean up operation on beaches/shoreline , DHS
should:
i) To carry out health assessments of the workers to establish fitness to
work in the required conditions. Baseline health information , collected
wherever
possible should be linked to fitness requirements and records are to be
maintained.
ii) To brief workers on the basics of body temperature physiology, hazards
related to sunlight and consuming alcohol on the job, the importance of
food and water, clothing requirements, the recognition of temperature
related symptoms and signs and the potential for other illnesses to
impact or intolerance to extremes of heat and cold.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
iii) Ensure availability of first aid requirements, medical staff emergency

(medical technicians (EMTs), paramedics, nurses and Physicians ) and
facilities, and medical evacuation (if required), ambulances, designated
first-aiders in the response area
iv) To ensure briefing by expert NIO/Biodiversity Board /Forest Dept /
CRZ etc.) where there is a possibility of workers being harmed by
indigenous species and adequate protection to be advised so that
necessary treatment be made available
v) Poisonous plants and dangerous animals should be identified by the
experts, and their appearance publicized to the responders along with
information on how to deal with the threat they present.
respective Department , including expenses incurred during the the
OSC.
(u) Directorate of animal Functions as coordinating agency for ensuring health of the animals affected
husbandry at site.
To keep in readiness a mobile veterinary vehicle equipped with necessary
equipment for immediate despatch to Incident site.
Ensure ready availability of a well equipped ambulance capable of
giving life sustaining support, during transportation of affected animals if
required, to veterinary hospitals.
Ensure ready availability of required medical supplies to impart
necessary first aid to affected animals.
To maintain a ready list/contacts of animal rescue experts , species/area
wise that are present in the coastal /shoreline areas, especially identifying
those species at higher risk/threatened species.
Have readily available the approved Wildlife /Plant Coordinator to
coordinate rescue and rehabilitation operation, in coordination with
other expert organization representatives ( NIO/Forest Dept/CRZ/
Biodiversity Board )as required.
Responsible for coordinating animal services resources and providing
immediate animal support services and advice on animal welfare in an
emergency, in coordination with experts from NIO/Biodiversity Board
/Forest Dept /CRZ etc.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
In the event of an oil/chemical spill, activation of the Plan may include:

a) establishing an animal/bird emergency treatment centre .
b) on-site assessment and capture of wildlife and recording the same.
c) coordinating the transport of wildlife as needed
d) providing appropriate personnel to the incident /emergency
response .
e) coordinating veterinary support during the incident.
f) rehabilitation and repatriation of wildlife
The Animal Husbandary Teams will be responsible for the rescue,
transport, triage/first aid, cleaning /drying, rehabilitation and eventual
release of affected wildlife, in safer, uncompromised environments, in
coordination with DoF.
Render technical veterinary advise, support and any other assistance to
Conservator of forest or competent authority so appointed, in case of
any threat that might occasion to the wild life in case of an oil spill.
OSC.
2.9 State oil spill Crisis Management Group (SOS-CMG):
(i) Inorder to facilitate States preparedness and response to Oil spill incidents and further effectively
implement and execute the mandate of the Goa-SOS- DCP a State Oil Spill crisis Management
Group(SOS-CMG) has been constituted comprising of members as listed in Table 2.1. These members
should be suitably qualified, having adequate subject knowledge , technical expertise vis-a-vis experience
in addressing issues related to oil spill management during, prior to and post oil spills. The sole purpose
is to provide guidance , assistance or advice useful in performing any of the Stake holders functions
, to participate in the deliberation of any of its meetings. . The SOS-CMG members meets at least once in
six months.
1. The minutes are to be recorded with issues discussed, action plan for the same , responsibility and target dates
for implementation and last status update. A copy of the same is to be forwarded to Central Coordinating
Authority, DIG (Environment) , Indian Coast Guard.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
Table 2.1: Composition of State oil spill Crisis Management Group (SOS-CMG)
Sr.No Committee members Committee Designation
1. Chief Secretary Chairperson
2. Principle Secretary (Environment) Member

3. Chairman, State Pollution Control Board Member
4. Chairman State Maritime Board# Member
5. Inspector General of Police Member
6. Secretary (Labour) Member
7. Secretary (Health) Member

8. Secretary (Industries) Member
9. Secretary (Tourism) Member
10. Secretary (Public Health Engg.) Member
11. Secretary (Fisheries) Member
12. Secretary (Panchayats/Municipalities) Member
13. Secretary (Revenue/Home) Member
14. Principal Chief Conservator of Forests Member
15. Indian Coast Guard (W)DIG or above Member
16. Director Tourism Member
17. Director- Transport Member
18. Director (Industrial Safety)/ Chief Inspector of Factories Member
19. Director Fire & Emergency Services Member
20. Director of Health Services Member
21. Director of Science and Technology Member
22. Director Environment Member
23. Experts (Environment , Industrial Safety & Health) nominated by
State Govt.)**
i. Director -NIO Member
ii. Vice Chancellor Goa University
iii. Director-National Disaster Management Authority
24. Industry Representatives nominated by State Govt.**
i. Chairman -MPT
Member
ii. Captain of Ports/Director-River Navigation Department
iii. Oil Storage Facilities
25. **Any other member deemed necessary by the Chairperson Member
26. Member Secretary, GSPCB Member Secretary
#
In coastal States where State Maritime Board is yet to be established, the Secretary of the ministry in
charge of the major/ non-major ports shall be a member in lieu.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
(ii) SOS-CMG will review the planning standards of GOA SOS-DCP at five-year intervals
to ensure
a) The maintenance of best achievable practices to respond to a worst case spill provide for
b) continuous operation of oil spill response activities to the maximum extent practicable and
without jeopardizing safety and environment.
c) Practices are updated to include proven new response technologies and response processes in
interaction with concerned interested parties prevention credits to support an alternative worst
case discharge volume for the contingency plan. The review cycle is designed to evaluate BAP
by assessing contributing elements including:
2.10 Meeting of Designate Agencies responsible for Implementation
2.10.1a Notification:
Any oil or related spill contingency or emergency that affects or has the potential to affect the
environment along the coast of Goa or in inland water sytems is to be reported immediately to
the OSC. On receipt of an oil spill report Format No. F 01-06 . The OSC will inform the the ICG
to assess the same. (Refer Fig2.2)
2.10.1b Assessment:
After receiving the notification of the ICG and a representative of OSC the OSC, is to perform
a preliminary assessment to determine whether the GOA-SOS-DCP is to be activated through F
02-06 POL REP and, in turn, transmit this information to the concerned stakeholders. If not the
same is to be recorded in a log entry Ragister with reasons there of clearly specified.
With this information (refer Chapter VI) , the District Collector-OSC / in consultation with Coast
Guard of the affected area shall convene a Planning meeting at a pre-designated Emergency
Response Centre (Refer Appendix A: Emergency Response Centre) inviting all the stakeholders
and resource agencies, in the shortest possible response time . Where possible, the meeting should
convene after a joint visit of the affected area by all concerned.
2.10.1c Operational Meet:
After planning meeting, the OSC should chair the operational meeting where various priorities
can be presented, assessed and brought into the larger response plan. The OSC should have
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
advisors at these meetings to provide and assimilate the often diverse information and competing
priorities that may be presented.
2.10.1d Emergency Response Team Deactivation :
If the OSC , the ICG, GSPCB and relevant stakeholders determine that the GOA-SOS-DCP
activation is no longer needed, based on information and activities conducted, they are to deactivate
the GOA-SOS-DCP by recording the Justification for deactivation of GOA-SOS-DCP response,
sending a fax or e-mail, to concerned stakeholders and notifying the State Government.(Fig 2.2
Activation-Deactivation procedure)
2.10.2 A preparedness level meeting will be conducted bi-annually by the State District Authority /
OSC, post SOS-CMG (Refer 2.6.2) meeting, to review the preparedness of the Goa State SOS-
DCP and take remedial actions in a time bound manner. The meeting should involve all the
stakeholders, resource agencies, and other private oil spill clean-up agencies. The minutes are
to be recorded with issues discussed, action plan for the same, responsibility and target dates for
implementation and last status update. A copy of the same is to be forwarded to the SOS-CMG
committee members as well as the Central Cordinating Authority, DIG (Environment) , Indian
Coast Guard.
2.11 Emergency Response Centre (ERC)-Refer 4.3 & Appendix A:Emergency Response
Centre
2.12 Joint Training and Mock Drill Exercise
For effective and practical manifestation of the Goa SOS-DCP, exercises or mock drills will be
held by the respective District Collector jointly or otherwise with the ICG Command 11.
2.12.1 Training is to be provided on the following :
a) Oil Characteristics & behavior
b) HAZMAT Management
c) Emergency services ( Response & Management)
d) Safe & effective use of oil spill control material( e.g. Types of dispersants, boom deployment,
MSDSs etc).
e) Public Safety personnel (EMS, Fire, Police, etc.)

Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
f) Emergency response skills, applications,etc.
g) Recovery operations etc.
h) Environmental requirements.
Any other topics deemed necessary by SOS CMG /ICG.
Deputation of suitable personnel for training on Pollution Response will be organized by the
respective Department Heads/District Administrators. Every stakeholder should ensure that
atleast a minimum of 02 Nos. are trained as per IMO/ICG requirements
2.12.2 Mock drills will be held by the District Collectors jointly with the Coast Guard, quarterly with
the participation of local stakeholders and biannually , with the participation of all stakeholders
including resource agencies etc. Response Teams are required to be provided with simulation
exercises of plans to test the abilities of government and local agencies to coordinate their
responses effectively , to oil spills in the shortest time possible. The exercises should be assessed
by independent assessors and the same recorded in Format No. F 01-02 Oil Spill Mock Drill
Reporting Form.
The same has to be signed by the assessor, and handed over to the respective District Collector
for further consideration. Any major problems identified as a result of these exercises may be
addressed and amended in the SOS-DCP, so that the same problems do not arise during an actual
oil spill response. All the equipments and other resources available with various stakeholders/
agencies are to be worked out by the concerned stakeholder/ agency under the supervision of
Indian Coast Guard Command -11. This will allow the plan to be tested and modified so that it
will function properly in the event of an actual incident taking place.
2.12.3 The DOS-DCP must be exercised regularly at District level by the lead agency of the affected
District. The area wise exercise for coordinating large oil spill on shoreline will be planned by
the Coast Guard ( Commander No II) in coordination with District Authority, Capt. of Ports , &
other Stake Holders
2.12.4 Prevention measures:
The Directorate General of Shipping, is responsible for implementation of shipping policy and
legislation so as to ensure the safety of life and ships at sea in Indian waters, prevention of marine
pollution, through the strict implementation of MARPOL requirements i.e. International
Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships,1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978,
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
including Annexes I - VI (oil, bulk chemicals, dangerous packaged goods, sewage, garbage and
atmospheric pollution) (MARPOL 73/78) & International Regulations for Preventing Collisions
at Sea 1972 (COLREGS 72).
DG shipping also carries out regular regional Port State Control (PSC)inspections; i.e. several
countries have grouped together under a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to ensure that
ships trading in their areas are not sub-standard. India is among the 17 countries that are signatory
to Indian Ocean Memorandum of Understanding (IOMOU)
In addition to India, Australia, Eritrea, Sudan, South Africa, Tanzania, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, Iran,
Kenya, Maldives, Oman, Yemen, Comoros, Bangladesh, France and Mozambique are parties to
IOMOU.
Port State Control (PSC) is a harmonized regime of such inspections carried out by DG
Shipping , for foreign ships in other national ports, implemented through regional Memoranda
of Understanding (MOUs), for the purpose of verifying that the competency of the master and
officers onboard and the condition of a ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of
mandatory IMO Conventions, as listed above.
2.13 Control, Revision and Amendment of the Goa SOS-DCP
2.13.1 Control of a document and its related records is essential in order to maintain the integrity of a
document, namely GOA SOS-DCP. It also ensures that the right people have access to the correct
versions of the said documents where they are needed and that these documents are approved
prior to issue and after changes have been made. This approved document is a CONTROLLED
DOCUMENT.
If any part of this controlled document ( e.g. a procedure or format etc.) is changed for whatever
reason, it is necessary to control that change so that the 'old' version is superseded and removed
and replaced with the new version with due approval.
2.13.4 The Goa State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan has been assigned the Document identification
code of GOA-SOS-DCP followed by the current edition No. i.e 01st Edition.
Hence the document identity of the final GOA State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan is Goa-
SOS-DCP-01
2.13.3 The original Document of GOA SOS-DCP will be the MASTER COPY in which there will
be only one set of this main document. The document will be retained in a safe place with the
designated authority i.e. the Chairman, GSPCB. Due care should be taken to ensure that no one
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
tampers with the master copy.
The master may be digital, hardcopy or a combination of both. Both the masters should be
available in the same location. The master copy must be readily identifiable and traceable.
2.13.4 The MASTER is then made into copies of CONTROLLED DOCUMENT and placed at the
point of use i.e. with respective stakeholders or may be made available to the (identified )public ,
if required. These documents should also be readily recognized as CONTROLLED. Concerned
stakeholders are to ensure that the said document is also not tampered with along with ensuring
employees/public are not using uncontrolled documents .
GSPCB is to ensure that every change in the MASTER is reflected in the CONTROLLED
copies
2.13.5 A record of the distribution of CONTROLLED copies to stakeholders is to be maintained in a

DOCUMENT CHANGE ISSUE REGISTER in Format No. F 05-02. This record will make
sure that, the new revision is issued to all the stake holders and the replacements or obsolete
copies are to be marked OBSOLETE and are to be returned back to Issuing Authority. The
OBSOLETE copy should be retained for 01 year.
All previous versions of the controlled document (both hard and electronic copy) should be
withdrawn at all points of use and replaced by the new revised master controlled document..
2.13.6 Entries of the same should also be made in the RECORD OF AMENDMENTS
In GOA SOS-DCP,as also if there is any change in supplements, then similar entries are to be
made in RECORD OF SUPPLEMENTS.
2.13.7 Issue No will be revised to next number in serial order when minor or major changes are made
in the said section.
Similarly, Revision No will be amended if major changes (>25% of the
concerned section) are made including changes in activities or supplements or Formats or

related .
The Edition No of the said Document may be revised when the Revision No. exceeds 20 Nos
or has completed 5 years , whichever is earlier.
2.13.8 The related formats have been assigned the identity as Format No. F XX-YY, where XX is the
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
specific format No , which will be in serial order and YY will be the respective Section No. ,
where the said Format is referred.
2.13.9 The Goa SOS-DCP will be subject to regular review and updating, as and when changes occur
or annually , whichever is earlier . Information regarding details of the vessels / pollution control
equipment held, other effort/facilities available, organizational structure / composition of local
action group, important telephone numbers, etc. given in this plan every six months. The
stakeholders listed in this plan are responsible to report any relevant alterations and changes
regarding their respective agencys structure or functions. Suggested amendments or additions
or updates to the contents of this plan should be duly authorized and forwarded in Format No.
F03-02 Document Change Request (DCR) Form, within 15 days of authorized amendment,
addressed to: The Chairman ,GSPCB , Panaji, Goa. DCRs may be originated by any stakeholder
concerned or general public through relevant department.
When preparing a DCR, the Originator shall take the following points into consideration:-
(a) Whether the proposed change(s) affects other parts of the
document being changed. In this case, any necessary additional
change(s) shall be included in the DCR.
(b) Whether the proposed change(s) directly affects another document(s).
In this case, the other document(s) must be identified together with the necessary changes and the
concerned department/agency should be intimated and jointly submit the DCR.
The DCR, once received , needs to be verified, by GSPCB . If it is not verified, it is to be sent
back to the originator, with reasons thereof, seeking further clarifications. If verified, it should be
assigned a Document Change Request No in serial order and entered on Document Change
Request register in Format No. F 04-02 and it should be forwarded to the SOS-CMG for approval.
The approval as well as Non approval is to be recorded, with due acknowledgement of
the SOS-CMG members. Once approved, the change should be incorporated into the GOA -
SOS- DCP within 15 days. If no changes are needed, send a communication to the SOS CMG
confirming that the existing plan is still accurate.
2.13.11 The SOS-DCP will be maintained and updated by the GSPCB. The respective lead agency of
every coastal village of Goa shall maintain the contact details of all agencies and stakeholders
for shoreline oil spill response purpose (ref Appendix B: List of Lead Agencies and Appendix
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00
C: Imp.Tel.Nos.). The SOS-DCP will be reviewed every year, to ensure the plan is current
regarding personnel changes, contact information, contractor and available equipment changes,
and other relevant information, etc. as required and will be revised after 5 years or earlier if
necessary, whenever any major changes need to be incorporated in the SOS-DCP, so as to ensure
prompt and effective response to prevent, control, and combat any event of oil pollution within
the jurisdiction of the plan.
2.14 Maintenance Requirement:
The Tourism Dept shall ensure that the GOA SOS-DCP oil spill equipment under its control
listed in Appendix A & O(iv) ,is
a. Available for immediate use.
b. Not on loan to any State/District Authority and/or is not used by any person other than an
authorised concerned officer or their representative without prior consent and is not used for any
purpose other than a purpose related to the GOA SOS DCP.
c. If the Tourism Dept consents to the equipment being used by a third party usage may be subject
to the recorded Authorization of SOS-CMC.
They shall ensure that GOA SOS DCP equipment is adequately stored in a dry well ventilated
secure enclosed area, which is easily accessible.
If oil spill equipment maintenance is contracted, the Tourism Dept should ensure that the above
apply. If the contractor has not rectified any of the deficiencies within the three month period,
the tourism Dept may seek to engage an alternate contractor to rectify the deficiencies with due
penalty.
Section No.: 02
Revision No.: 00

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SECTION - 03
OIL SPILL RISKS

Section No.: 03
OIL SPILL RISKS
Revision No.: 00
3.0 OIL SPILL RISKS AND PROTECTION PRIORITIES

3.1 Oil Spill Risks:
3.1.1 An oil spill can take place in Indian EEZ or in other areas due to any one the reasons listed in para
3.1.2. There have been many oil spill incidents in the past that happened in Indian waters, which
in most cases, have affected the coastal areas and shorelines of India. Most are due to shipping
related incidents and a few from offshore installations.
3.1.2 On analysis of the oil spills that have occurred along the coast and port areas due to various
incidents and accidents, the probable sources of oil spill are as follows:-
Accidental Collision
Grounding/sinking
Intentional discharge of bilges
Blow out
Discharge from offshore installations/off shore ships
Rupture of Sub sea pipelines carrying crude oil from Oil Rigs to Shore
Discharge from Tankers/Ships at Moorings/Anchorages
Loading/unloading of petroleum products
Natural seepage
3.2 Identification of areas of High Spill Risk:
3.2.1 In deciding on the methods of counter-pollution response capability for shoreline areas, it is clearly
desirable to give special emphasis to those areas which are highly vulnerable to such risks. The
perception of risk might be based upon the amount of passing tanker and other shipping traffic,
navigational hazards, the location of oil refineries and oil terminal and the existence of offshore
oil exploration and production operations as well as related undersea pipeline transportation.
Consequently, the shoreline areas located near the ports handling oil has the highest risk, namely
MPT. The front shippers also pose a risk to the shoreline area either from the accidents or from
the intentional discharge of bilges (waste or used oil from ships.
3.2.2 The degree of priorities accorded to this aspect of planning is site specific & will vary from
one coastal area to another in the State. Goa 105 kms coastline though relatively short, is more
complex due to its ecological sensitivity. Identifying ecological sensitivity is essential as this,
complex interaction of environmental factors and presence of ports and offshore installations
render it difficult establish a counter pollution capability. Nevertheless, it should always be
Section No.: 03
OIL SPILL RISKS
Revision No.: 00
possible to indicate which areas have higher than average risks and there by priorities the same.
The National Institue of Oceanography has prepared a base map indicating the risks from various
sources.(Refer Chapter VIII , Appendix D(i): Ecological Sensitive Areas and Format No. F
08-08 (A-E): ESI map details)
3.3.0 Fate of Spilled Oil:
When oil is spilled at sea it normally spreads out on the surface due to winds and currents while
undergoing a number of chemical and physical changes, collectively termed as weathering .
There are eight main weathering processes:
a) Spreading: Spreading over the sea surface begins as soon as oil is spilled.The speed at which
this takes place largely depends upon the viscosity of the oil, which in turn depends both on the
oil composition and the ambient temperature.
b) Evaporation: The rate of evaporation and the speed at which it occurs depend upon the volatility
of the oil. An oil with a large percentage of light and volatile compounds will evaporate more
than one with a larger proportion of heavier compounds.
c) Dispersion: Waves and turbulence at the sea surface can cause some or all of a slick to break up
into fragments and droplets of varying sizes. These become mixed into the upper levels of the
water column. Some of the smaller droplets will remain suspended in the sea water while the
larger ones will tend to rise back to the surface. They may then reform a slick or spread out to
form a very thin film.
d) Emulsification: An emulsion is formed when two liquids combine, with one ending up suspended
in the other.
Emulsification of crude oils refers to the process whereby sea water droplets become suspended in
the oil to forma water-in-oil emulsion. This occurs by physical mixing promoted by turbulence at
the sea surface. The emulsion formed is usually very viscous and more persistent than the original
oil and is sometimes referred to as chocolate mousse or tar balls because of its appearance. The
formation of these water-in-oil emulsions causes the volume of pollutant to increase between
3 and 4 times. This slows and delays other oil weathering processes, and can complicate the
response
e) Dissolution: Water soluble compounds in an oil may dissolve into the surrounding water. This
occurs most quickly when the oil is dispersed in the water column.
f) Oxidation: Oils react chemically with oxygen either breaking down into soluble products or
forming persistent compounds called tars. This process is promoted by sunlight, but is very slow
and even in strong sunlight, thin films of oil break down at no more than 0.1% per day. The
formation of tars is caused by the oxidation of thick layers of high viscosity oils or emulsions.
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OIL SPILL RISKS
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This process forms an outer protective coating of heavy compounds that results in the increased
persistence of the oil. Tarballs, which are often found on shorelines and have a solid outer crust
surrounding a softer, less weathered interior, are a typical example of this process.
g) Sedimentation and sinking: Very few oils sink in the marine environment.
When floating oil is getting close to the shore, sedimentation can occur. Indeed, once all the
lighter compounds have evaporated and the slick has weathered at sea, some oils can be close to
the density of seawater. When floating, semi submerged or dispersed oil comes into contact with
suspended sediment, the sediment can bind to it. This particularly happens in shallow waters. If
the contaminations heavy, then dense tar-mats can form on the seabed near shore.
Oil stranded on sandy shorelines often becomes mixed with sand and other sediments. If this
mixture is subsequently washed off the beach back into the sea it may then sink.
h) Biodegradation: Sea water contains a wide range of micro-organisms that use hydrocarbons as
a source of energy and can partially or completely degrade oil to water soluble compounds and
eventually to carbon dioxide and water.
Many types of marine micro-organism exist and each tends to degrade a particular group of
compounds in crude oil. However, some compounds in oil are very resistant to attack and may
not readily degrade.
Some of these processes, like natural dispersion of the oil into the water, lead to the removal of the
oil from the sea surface, and facilitate its natural breakdown in the marine environment. Others,
particularly the formation of water-in-oil emulsions, cause the oil to become more persistent,
and remain at sea or on the shoreline for prolonged periods of time.
The speed and relative importance of the processes depend on factors such as the quantity spilled,
the oils initial physical and chemical characteristics, weather and sea conditions and whether the
oil remains at sea or is washed ashore.
Ultimately, the marine environment usually eliminates spilled oil through the long-term process
of biodegradation
3.3.1 There are wide variations in characteristics of oil and in the way they change with time, once
the oil is released into the marine environment. This affects the response options available, and
can make speed of response imperative. The tropical weather prevalent along the Goa Goa coast
and the high wind and wave energy is likely to enhance the fate of oil through the process of
evaporation, dissolution, dispersion, spreading and emulsification. Information about different
oil-specific characteristics can be obtained from the oil industry or from various publications.
Further, details on the physical and chemical processes which determine the fate of spilled oil
may be referred from chapter 3 of section IV (IMO Manual on Oil Pollution - Section IV, 2005
Ed (IA569E))
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OIL SPILL RISKS
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3.4.0 Probable oil spill movement based on local Wind and Current
3.4.1 The probable movement of an oil slick can be forecasted if the speed, direction of current and
wind are known. Suitable arrangements should be made for prompt and accurate forecasting of
spill movement by trained persons. However, it should be recognized that some high density
oils may not always stay on the surface (i.e. adsorption) thus, rendering the prediction difficult.
(Wind Distribution Refer Fig.3.0)
3.4.2 Swell Distribution along the coast of Goa.: The coastal region of Goa is characterized by three
different seasons, pre-monsoons (February-May), South west monsoon-SW (June-September)
and post monsoon (October-January). During fair weather, (post- and pre- monsoon), the sea
is relatively calm. Waves off the coast of Goa during SW monsoon are predominantly swells,
whose periods range between 8 and 10 s. Swells from the south Indian Ocean and the Arabian
Sea are always present in the coastal region off Goa, stronger during the SW monsoon season
and weaker during pre- and post monsoon seasons. An analysis of wind and wave data collected
in coastal region of Goa during fair weather reveals a distinct and systematic diurnal variation
in wind speed, wave height and wave period , especially simultaneous increase in wave height
and decrease in wave period with increase in local wind speeds due to sea breeze system.
During a typical daily cycle , the wave height reaches its peak early in the afternoon , then it
decays progressively back to the swell conditions within 5-6 hrs. The exposure of Goas coast
to long distant swells from the SW to the local wind seas from NW leads to complex cross sea
conditions.5
Another study , carried out by NIO to find the variation in wave characteristics along the eastern
Arabian Sea and the influence of swells in the near shore waves at 3 locations during 2010
summer monsoon indicated that the percentage of swells in the measured waves was 75% to
79% at the locations with higher percentage of swells in the northern portion of Arabian Sea
com-pared to that at the southern side. The significant wave height up to 4.7 m and maximum
wave height up to 7.4 m was observed. The wave height was increasing from south to north with
the average significant wave height at the northern location 20% more than that at the southern
location due to the increase in the swell height. Waves having spectral peak period less than 6 s
were not present during the summer monsoon period. There was no change in the average value
of wave statistical parameters for data collected at 1/2, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h interval6
3.4.3 The coastal currents that are prevalent along the Goa coast are of two types. The northerly drift
is expected during the months of May to October and the southerly drift during November to
March. (Refer Fig.3.1: On Set / Off set of South West Monsoon and Fig 3.2: Seasonal surface
currents)
3.4.4 A number of models are available for predicting the trajectory and weathering of oil spills at
sea. These can serve as a useful guide to understanding how a particular oil is likely to behave
and help in assessing the scale of the impact which a spill might cause. NIO , a leading research
Institute is spear heading the modelling and finger printing of oil & related studies.
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OIL SPILL RISKS
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OIL SPILL RISKS
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OIL SPILL RISKS
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SECTION - 04
SHORELINE OIL SPILL

RESPONSE ELEMENTS
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SHORELINE OILD SPILL RESPONSE ELEMENTS
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4.0 SHORELINE OIL SPILL RESPONSE ELEMENTS:

4.1 Assumption of Lead Role:
4.1.1 The District Collector is as the lead agency/person for the shoreline clean-up operation, designated
On Scene Commander (Ref Section 2.6). However the State Government may approach the
Central Government if deemed necessary or Central Government may nominate an appropriate
agency based on seriousness of the situation, the size of the spill, the nature of area affected, the
resources required and the expertise available for coordinating the clean-up operation. If two or
more coastal areas are involved, then the concerned District Administrator, whose district has a
more sensitive shoreline or may be worst affected, will assume the lead role and will be assisted
by the other District Administrator. Before and during cleaning up of shorelines it is important that
the chain of command and individual tasks are clearly defined which depends upon the prevailing
situation and conditions. The details of pre-designated OSC/ Lead Agency for shoreline clean-up
coordination is placed at Chapter 2.0 & Appendix B: List of Pre Designated OSC/Lead Agency
(Central Administration)
4.1.2 The lead agency/OSC concerned is to nominate a trained Shoreline/Beach Supervisor who will
be responsible for the clean-up operation. The advices of the Coast Guard are to be obtained,
if required. The concerned area administrator should extend all support to the Shoreline/Beach
Supervisor as public safety is the primary responsibility of the beach supervisor. He will be
provided with necessary powers to direct the support agencies to undertake necessary actions. In
order to ensure that the clean-up operation will work best, the following organizational guidelines
and tasks are to be ensured:-
The work forces are divided into groups of max. 10 person per group
A Team Leader is appointed by the Shoreline/Beach Supervisor for every group.
The team leaders report to the Shoreline/Beach Supervisor.
Each group is assigned to a special section of the shoreline within the limited shoreline if the
clean up operation is to be done section wise.
The group activities should be clear and verifiable.
4.1.3 The team leader, appointed by the Shoreline/Beach Supervisor must ensure that:
Records of all the work carried out by the group is maintained and handed over to the shoreline/
Beach Supervisor.
Personnel involved are imparted necessary training and awareness and are issued with readily
available & adequate personal protective clothing and other required safety equipment,
including a material safety data sheets (MSDS) for the oil spilled, various dispersants or other
cleaning agents used.
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The Team Leader is responsible for his/her group w.r.t the safety and health regula!ons.
4.1.4 The OSC/Shoreline/Beach Supervisor is responsible for provision and availability of (Refer
Appendix A: Emergency Response Centre ) :-
Floodlights, generators, shovels, buckets, rakes etc.
Provision of personal cleaning and toilet facilities
Breaks where refreshments are available.
Smooth control of vehicular traffic in and around affected area.
Maintenance & operation of all equipments prior to use.
Ensuring the area is out of bounds until individuals have received a full safety briefing.
Passing factual information to the OSC
Keeping the public at a safe distance. Coastal Police may assist in cordoning off the spill
site.
4.2 Resource Agencies:
4.2.1 The resource agencies for shoreline clean-up operations are the Coast Guard, Central Government
Agencies, Ports, Oil handling agencies who Can provide any of their assets during shoreline clean-
up (Appendix O: Pollution Response Resources). The District administration of the affected
shoreline district should maintain the list of inventory of the such shoreline clean-up equipments
of the resource agencies located within their coastal district. The details are incorporated in
Appendix L: Clean up guidelines. Any shoreline clean-up operations involve large manpower
, namely local Government Department, locals, NGOs, National Cadet Corps, National Service
Scheme having a minimum age of 21 years, or anyone who can provide assistance in the clean-
up operations. Regular mock drill and exercises are to be conducted by the district administration
so that basic training on shoreline clean-up methods are imparted to the volunteers so as to have
practical experience
4.3 Emergency Response Centres (ERCs):
4.3.1 For effective coordination of the shoreline/beach clean-up, the lead agency should establish
predetermined emergency response centers, area wise all along the coastline /river banks which
should be located as close to the site of the spill. Necessary office space with computers, printers,
internet facilities, other communication facilities such as fax, telephone, walky talky, VHF marine
band should be available. (Refer Appendix A: Emergency Response Centres (ERCs)
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4.4 Priorities for protection:

4.4.1 In most of the oil spill incidents it may not possible to prevent some oil coming ashore, while
in some circumstance it might be advantageous to deflect the oil to a pre chosen place onshore.
It is therefore necessary to decide in advance which areas are to be given priority for protection
(Refer Appendix D: Ecological Sensitive Areas). Before making such decisions, a concerned
Departments, locals will need to be consulted based on:
Availability of local knowledge
The practicality of protection of a particular resources
Variations in priorities due to seasonal factors, such as fish and bird breeding seasons and
holiday seasons.
4.4.2 Information about priorities must be readily available, which must be listed and cross-referenced
to any coastal sensitivity maps (Ref Appendix D: Ecological Sensitive Areas). Such an order
of priorities can reduce the risk of disagreement and indecision when faced with difficult choice
during an oil spill emergency.
4.4.3 Although it is helpful to identify sensitive areas, it is also necessary to identify areas with higher
priority. It may be that the Shoreline/Beach Supervisor or OSC the Coast Guard nominated by
will have to face difficult decisions on what resources to protect with limited equipment means.
In such circumstances, a priority ranking system of sensitive areas will help the decision-making
process. The shorelines of high priority are difficult to clean effectively immediately:-
Marshes and Mangroves
Coral reef which are generally exposed at low tide
Beaches of mixtures of sand, pebbles and cobbles
Sandy Beaches
Exposed beach rock/Headland & promontories
4.5 Shoreline Clean-up equipment: (Refer Appendix L: Clean up guidelines)
4.5.1 Individuals participating in oil spill related activities could face a range of work related hazards,
such as carcinogens and other hazardous materials. From the start of the containment period
through the clean-up and remediation activities, the need for personal protective equipment
(PPE) is essential. The requirement for PPE applies not only to the professional worker, but may
be a consideration for volunteers who may be included during cleanup activities.
Activities related to stopping or containing the spilled oil and post-emergency clean-up operations
are regulated by OSHAs Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER)
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standard, 29 CFR 1910.120 and 1926.65. All aspects of the HAZWOPER and other applicable
OSHA standards must be followed during oil spill related activities.
4.5.2 The following are the simple shoreline clean-up equipment requirement:-
Protective clothing (e.g. Hard hats, coveralls, boots and oil resistant gloves)
Full face or eye protection(e.g. face shields, safety glasses or goggles)
When there is potential exposure to oil mist, particulate respiratory protection of at least the
level of a disposable filtering face piece respirator is recommended in addition to skin, eye,
face protection and protection footwear.
Personal flotation device (PFD)
Cleaning material, rags, soap, detergents, brushes
Equipments to clean clothes, machinery, etc., with jets of hot water
Plastic bags(heavy duty) / drums for collecting oily debris
Heavy duty plastic sheets for storage areas especially for the lining of temporary storage
pits
Spades, shovels, scrapers, buckets, rakes
Lamps and portable generators
First Aid material
Material Safety Data Sheets of dispersants/cleaning agents .
4.6 Decontamination Activities:
i) PPE and other Equipment
Vessels, PPE and other equipments may become contaminated with weathered oil. Respiratory
protection is generally not necessary for this activity, although other PPE, including dermal, eye,
face protection and protective footwear is necessary. If a high pressure washing mechanical
sprayer is used to decontaminate PPE and other equipments, respirable particle aerosolization
of oil mist could occur. When there is a potential exposure to oil mist, particulate respiratory
protection of at least the level of a P100 disposable filtering facepiece respirator is recommended
in addition to skin, eye, face protection and protection footwear, particularly if highly concentrated
detergents, solvents or degreasers are used.
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ii) Cleaning Wildlife

Tasks of cleaning and caring for birds, turtles and other wildlife indicate that aerosols of water,
crude oil, soap, ammonia and other chemicals are likely to be generated. Eye ,hand and face
protection, in addition to skin protection is recommended. When irritating concentrations of
hydrocarbons or ammonia or any other harmful chemicals are experienced, dilutional ventilation,
for example, by means of fans and other means to increase air exchange,are recommended.
Recommended PPE includes eye protection, i.e., safety glasses, goggles or face shields. Birds
will peck under stress and may aim for the eyes. Eye protection is also necessary to protect
against large droplet sprays from struggling birds. Oil-resistant outer protective clothing is
recommended. An oil-resistant gown may provide sufficient upper body protection, avoiding
the need for coveralls. Gloves (neoprene or nitrile rubber) which are oil resistant and provide
protection against pecking and sharp talons are recommended. Non-skid footwear or boots that
are oil-resistant and waterproof are also recommended.9 Respiratory protection is not generally
recommended, unless wildlife is heavily coated with fresh crude oil. In such cases, a half mask
respirator with an organic vapor cartridge is recommended.
4.7 Shoreline Response planning and strategy:
4.7.1 Oil on shore: When the oil reaches the shoreline, the following information are to be
obtained:-
Type of shoreline impacted
Characteristics of oil/oily material-tar balls, viscous oil, liquid oil,
oiled seaweed, oiled sand
Extent of oiling-upper shore/lower shore, heavy, moderate, patchy, light staining.
Depth of penetration, oiling of attached algae
Sketch maps/profile of shore showing extent of oiling
Assess volumes of oily materials. The conversion factors for assisting in quantifying the oil spill
in tonnes/barrels/gallons etc, is provided in Appendix R: Conversion Factors.
4.7.2 Shoreline accessibility: During the planning stage, the accessibility to the affected shoreline can
be very difficult in some terrains and vehicles will not be able to move. In order to prevent such
stranding of vehicles, it is essential that the alternate accessibility routes are identified well in
advance. The following factors are to be taken into consideration:-
Ease of access by personnel, vehicles and equipment. Access difficulties- determine distance
to good roads/parking area rough tracks, locked gates and who has keys/private ownership of
access roads, high/low cliff (Refer Appendix H: Road Transportation and Shoreline Access)
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Load bearing capacity of substratum (upper shore/lower shore), roughness of terrain

Slope of shore (upper shore/lower shore), (cliff, very steep, steep, gradual, flat) (Refer Chapter
VIII)
Mark access points on map and sketches
4.7.3 Accessibility from sea: In certain situations, where in road access is not possible in riverside
areas, backwaters, creeks areas etc, it will be beneficial to access the area through sea routes
using the rubber inflatable dinghies or other fishing craft which can land near the shorelines.
While approaching such shorelines through the sea routes the following factors are to be taken
into consideration:-
Maximum draft of boat
Potential sea conditions.
4.7.4 Temporary storage and removal of oily waste: The following factors are to be taken into
consideration during the planning stage for temporary storage and removal of oily wastes from
the affected shorelines:-
Suitability for pre-fabricated tanks, skips, lined pits, piles of oily material/bin bags.
Ease of access by vacuum trucks, skip lorries, light trailers .
Requirement for transfer pumps.
4.8 Oil Spill Scenarios
A range of possible spill scenarios have been developed from the analyses of oil related activities
and types of oil handled in the area or carried through it. The various ports and Oil Installation
facilities have identified their respective Oil Spill Scenarios in (Refer Supplement A-I)
These few spill scenarios will be based on the climate characteristic (winds, tides, current, sea
conditions) and the anticipated slick movement at these location, which are to be obtained from
relevant departments at the time of crisis
4.8.1 If the oil has not yet reached coastline/banks:
Actions
Deploy sand bags and absorbent socks down gradient from the oil, or erect temporary barriers
such as trenches or mounds to prevent the oil from flowing towards coastline/banks
Implement land based response actions (countermeasure) such as digging temporary containment
pits, ponds, or curbs to prevent the flow of oil into the river/sea.
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Deploy absorbent sock and sorbent material along the shoreline to prevent oil from entering
waters.
4.8.2 If the oil has been spilled in the water or reached the coastline Actions
Contact cleanup contractor(s) through Tourism Department.
Deploy floating shoreline booms immediately downstream from the release point.
Control oil flow on the ground by placing absorbent socks and other sorbent material or physical
barriers (e.g., kitty litter, coir, sandbags, earthen berm, trenches) across the oil flow path.
Deploy additional floating booms across the whole width of the river mouth at the next access
point downstream from the release point.
Deploy protective booming measures for downstream receptors that may be impacted by the
spill
4.8.3 If Tar balls are found on the shoreline
The spill is subjected to Winds and waves action in the first few hours of a spill. Various
physical, chemical, and biological processes act on the oil spill through various process called
"weathering." Initially, the lighter components of the oil evaporate and the heavier types of oil,
such as crude oil remains behind. At the same time, some crude oils mix with water to form an
emulsion that often looks like chocolate pudding. This emulsion is much thicker and stickier
than the original oil. Winds and waves continue to act on the oil patches creating tarballs. While
some tarballs may be as large as pancakes, most are coin-sized. Tarballs are very persistent in
the marine environment and can travel hundreds of miles. Tar balls are generally not associated
with fresh oil, rather, they are usually the result of oil that has been present in the water for some
time.
Action
Contact Tourism Dept. for clean up and GSPCB/NIO for sample collection Refer Appendix C:
Important Telephone Nos. of resources agencies (Central/State Govt. Dept Ministry)
Tourism Dept. to immediately respond with beach clean exercise/equipment and collect the
tar balls in a suitable container and dispose of the same as per regulation under intimation to
GSPCB. However a min. quantity of 100 gms of Tar balls samples may be collected and sealed
in an aluminium foil, put in a clean plastic bag and despatched to NIO/through GSPCB for finger
printing
Required PPE is required to be worne by the cleaning personnel.
Cleaning may be done, with appropriate PPE or by beach-cleaning machinery. If the impact is
severe, the top layer of sand containing the tarballs/oil slick may be removed and replaced with
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clean sand.
GSPCB/NIO to immediately collect samples as per standard procedures and analyse inorder to
determine nature and source through fingerprinting , undertaken by NIO
The public is strongly recommended not to attempt to clean up any pollution, on their own . If
contact occurs, wash the area with soap and water, baby oil or any widely used, safe cleaning
compound such as the cleaning paste sold at auto parts stores. Avoid using solvents, kerosene,
diesel fuel or similar products on the skin as these products, when applied to skin, present a
greater health hazard than the oil.
Tourism Dept/GSPCB/NIO to Conduct post-cleanup inspection and continue monitoring
surveys respectively to verify shoreline, cleanup effectiveness, and eventually, to conduct final
evaluations of shorelines to ensure cleanup effectiveness .
Contact TERI for bioremediation of tar balls or ensure disposal as per existing regulations.
For details please refer Appendix L: Clean up guidelines
4.9 Shoreline clean-up equipment:
The shoreline clean-up equipments which are essential for oil removal operations at beaches are
as follows:-
Protective clothing (e.g. coveralls, boots and nitrile/neoprene gloves) for everyone
Cleaning material, rags, soap, detergents, brushes
Non sparking shovels
Vinyl/PVC pull-on over boots
Equipment to clean clothes, machinery, etc. with jets of hot water
Plastic bags (heavy duty)/drums for collecting oily debris
Combustible Gas Indicator with H2S , HC, VOCs etc. detection capabilities
Oil-dry Loose absorbent material
Absorbent pads
The above should be readily available at the designated Emergency Response Centre. (Refer
Appendix A:Emergency Response Centre)
SECTION - 05
SHORELINE RESPONSE
OPERATIONS
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SHORELINE RESPONSE OPERATIONS
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5.0 SHORELINE RESPONSE AND OPERATIONS:

5.1 Shoreline Response :
5.1.1 Majority of oil spills are likely to reach the shorelines and cause visible oil pollution which is
particularly sensitive to public opinion. As such the selection and correct application of clean up
techniques are therefore essential. When an oil spill occurs on open water the optimal solution as well
as prevention is to intercept and recover the oil before it reaches the shoreline. This is because:-
The environmental damage is normally less critical in the open water environment than along the
coast/shoreline.
The logistics of oil removal becomes more complex in the varied natural environment of coastlines
compared to the open sea.
The costs of oil recovery increases dramatically when oil reaches sensitive shorelines compared
to open water operations.
5.1.2 Past experience have shown that it is very difficult to avoid some oil reaching the shorelines.
Mechanical equipment and chemical treatment at sea are often insufficient to recover all oil spilled at
sea. When the oil reaches the shoreline, a number of different parameters, specific for this particular
situation, have to be taken into consideration:-
Quantity of oil
Characteristics of the oil (for instance, toxicity and viscosity)
Prevailing on-site conditions (weather, season, tides, temperature)
Shoreline type or combination of types (cliffs, pebble, sand, marsh)
5.2 Shoreline Oil Characteristics
5.2.1 A sample of the spilled oil must be checked in order to know physical chemical characteristics and
toxicity of the oil. The lead agency should make necessary arrangement to check the ill effects of the
oil spill on human health. This is important to ascertain the magnitude of the environmental damage
on living organisms as well as the risks which the cleaning up team will meet in their efforts to
remove the pollution.
5.3 On-Site Conditions
5.3.1 Prevailing temperatures, the current and wave patterns must be known. These will influence the
movement of the spilled oil which, in turn, will affect the success associated with the usage of various
types of equipments and with cleaning procedures. It is of prime importance to ascertain current,
high and low tide levels in order to plan for efficient clean up operations.
5.4 Behaviours and Persistence of Stranded Oil
5.4.1 Various shoreline features can be classified according to their location relative to the waterline:-
The near shore zone is located below the low water mark. As this zone is always submerged, it
receives little contamination except for oil that sinks e.g. oil covered sediments that erode from
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higher shoreline areas.

The intertidal zone is the area between the low and high water marks. Under most conditions,
this area will be the heavily contaminated when a shoreline is affected by a oil-spill. If the beach
receives a lot of wave action, the heaviest concentrations of oil will occur at the upper portion of
the intertidal zone. Oil that is deposited in the lower portion will often be refloated by rising tide
and carried to the upper part of the beach. On low-energy beaches, or when large volumes of oil
come ashore, oil may coat the entire intertidal area.
The backshore area of a beach is located above the level of normal wave activity. This area
would only be affected by oil during exceptionally high tides or storm surges. When strong winds
are present, the oil can be blown some distance beyond the normal high-tide mark. Accumulations
of logs and other debris are often found in this area, and can be a useful indicator of the maximum
water level during previous storm or high water events.
5.5 Shoreline Types
5.5.1 Various shoreline types have different vulnerability to oil spills and the pattern of oil deposition.
Accordingly different clean up techniques are applied depending on the type of shoreline (Appendix
L:Clean-up Guidelines).
5.5.2 Coral reefs There are patches of reef in the inter-tidal areas of the central west coast of the country,
though none detected along Goa coast except some coral reef formations have been observed in St.
George Island . These reefs are generally submerged, and are only susceptible to floating oil if the reef
is exposed at low tide. The coral reefs may also be susceptible to oil that is dispersed, either naturally
or through the use of chemicals. Most effects are temporary, but affected reef-dwellers-small fish and
other animals-may be swept ways from the protection of the reef by waves and currents. Hence use
of chemical dispersants for cleanup of oil over coral reefs area may be avoided. (Refer Supplement
K:Policy and Guidelines for Oil Spill Dispersants (OSD) in Indian Waters)
5.5.3 Mangroves provide an important habitat for young stages of commercially important fish and prawns,
as well as breeding grounds for fish and shellfish. The mangrove are fond predominantly at Chorao
& Diwar Islands and also along the lower estuarine reaches of the Mandovi, Zuari river as well as
along the entire stretch of Cumbharjua canal. Sporadic occurrences of mangroves have also been
reported along the mouth regions of remaining estuaries of Rivers Terekhol, Chapora, Sal, Talpona &
Galjibag . Oil may block the openings of the air breathing roots of mangrove trees or interfere with
their salt balance, causing them to die. Hence, the containment of oil for protection of the mangroves
is the most ideal option of oil spill response.
5.5.4 Salt pans typically provide an important food source for worms, snails, clams, crabs and in turn,
birds. The Salt pans are found in pockets , located along the lower Mandovi estuarine reaches across
Ribander, as well as the banks of the lower reaches of river Sal. The light oils can be lethal to typical
marsh vegetation. Particular concern is that a lack of wave energy means that oil may persist for a
long time.
5.5.5 Sandy beaches are normally exposed to strong wave action or currents and have a high self-cleaning
potential. In Goa most beaches are generally sandy and mostly occupied by the fishermen to berth
their traditional vessels and to dry up fishing nets. Hence, protecting these beaches may be low in
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priority but any oil spill in the sandy beaches may affect the fishermen, and as such it is important to
remove the oiled sands.
5.5.6 Rocky beaches occur as small, curvilinear features, predominantly occupying between two successive
landward projections into the sea and as such, are termed as headland or promontories. In
addition, they are confined in between coast of Linear sandy beaches. Such Beach types are reported
to have minimal impact due to oil spills but nonetheless are essential for safeguarding against such
spills.
5.6 Main steps in Shoreline Clean-up Methods
A number of advanced response mechanisms are available for controlling oil spills and minimizing
their impacts on human health and the environment. The key to effectively combating spills is
careful selection and proper use of the equipment and materials best suited to the type of oil and
the conditions at the spill site. Most spill response equipment and materials are greatly affected by
such factors as conditions at sea, water currents, and wind. Damage to spill-contaminated shorelines
and dangers to other threatened areas can be reduced by timely and proper use of containment and
recovery equipment.
Mechanical containment or recovery is the primary line of defense against oil spills in the
United States. Containment and recovery equipment includes a variety of booms, barriers, and
skimmers, as well as natural and synthetic sorbent materials. Mechanical containment is used to
capture and store the spilled oil until it can be disposed of properly.
Chemical and biological methods can be used in conjunction with mechanical means for
containing and cleaning up oil spills. Dispersing agents and gelling agents are most useful in
helping to keep oil from reaching shorelines and other sensitive habitats. Biological agents have
the potential to assist recovery in sensitive areas such as shorelines, marshes, mangroves etc.
Physical methods are used to clean up shorelines. Natural processes such as evaporation,
oxidation, and biodegradation can start the cleanup process, but are generally too slow to provide
adequate environmental recovery. Physical methods, such as wiping with sorbent materials,
pressure washing, and raking and bulldozing can be used to assist these natural processes.
Scare tactics are used to protect birds and animals by keeping them away from oil spill areas.
Devices such as propane scare-cans, floating dummies, and helium-filled balloons are often used,
particularly to keep away birds.
5.6.1 The four main steps in a shoreline clean-up operation are

Step 1 : Assessment
Determine the need to clean, setting priorities in line with this contingency plan
Determine required degree of clean-up for each area in accordance with priorities
Attain agreement between clean-up team, ecological experts & government authorities
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Step 2 : Selection of Clean-up Method

Choose method appropriate to type of shoreline, access, degree of oiling
Minimize damage caused by choice of clean up technique, degree of clean-up
Address conflicts of interest (e.g. needs of amenity use versus environment or response speed
versus aggressiveness)
Step 3 : Clean-up Operations
Monitor clean-up, confirm choices made in above steps & re-evaluate, if necessary
Minimize disturbance to shoreline features Minimize collection of un-oiled debris, sediments &
its separate storage
Step 4 : Termination/Monitoring
Ongoing assessment of clean-up Operations
Determine compliance to clean-up objectives
Post-spill monitoring to confirm recovery of shoreline features,
5.7 Containment Operations :
5.7.1 Containment operations are employed if the protection priorities demand that the sensitive shorelines
such as mangroves, slat marshes, coral reefs and rocky shores are protected form the oil spill as the
ill effects of oil reaching such shoreline area can be irreversible in nature. Boom is deployed when
an oil spill occurs on open water, in near-shore areas, while the boom surrounds and concentrates the
spilled oil in a small area. This creates the optimum condition for the skimmer/pump for recovering
the oil. Containment operations are very difficult operations and need to be undertaken by an expert
organization i.e. Coast Guard or other national resource agencies such as Ports or Oil handling
companies.
5.7.2 Power plants, cooling water intakes, fish farms, yachting marinas, etc. often use permanently or
semi-permanently deployed booms. When an oil spill reaches the shoreline it can be very difficult
to keep the oil inside the containment Boom. In particular, a Fence Boom is inappropriate when the
water depth is lower than boom draught. The boom will simply fall over. In the inter-tidal zone the
Containment Boom is not heavy enough to adhere to the ground. For these reasons, a Beach Boom
(or a Beach Sealing Boom) is to be used to protect the inter-tidal zones. The lead agency or the
shoreline/Beach Supervisor should arrange protection in such sensitive areas.
5.8 Net Environment Benefit Analysis :
5.8.1 Once oil has been spilled and reached the shoreline, urgent decisions need to be made about the
options available for response and clean-up in order that the environmental and socioeconomic
impacts are kept at the minimum. Getting the correct balance is always a difficult process and
conflicts inevitable arise which need to be resolved in the best practicable manner. The advantages
and disadvantages of every response options need to be considered and compared, with each other
and with the advantages and disadvantages of natural recovery. This assessment process is sometimes
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known as Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA).

5.8.2 The process requires taking into account the circumstances of spill, the practicalities of clean-up
response, scientific understanding of the relative impacts of oil and clean-up options, and some
kind of value judgment of the relative importance of social, economic and environmental factors.
Common sense and consensus-forming are just as important in this decision making as quantifiable
scientific information. Decisions are near practical in nature if the shoreline clean-up planning
process has included consultations and agreements with all the stakeholders and other appropriate
organizations.
5.8.3 The NEBA evaluation process typically involves the following steps:-
Collecting information on the physical characteristics, ecology and human use of environmental
and other resources of the area of interest.
Reviewing previous spill case histories and experimental results which are relevant to the area
and to response methods.
On the basis of previous experience, predicting the likely environmental outcomes, if the proposed
response is used
Alternatively, if the area is left for natural cleanup
Comparing and weighing the advantages and disadvantages of possible responses with each other
and with natural clean-up. ( Refer Sr.No 5.8)
5.9 Shoreline Clean-up Options:
5.9.1 Four options are available when oil hits the shoreline. The level of clean-up is to be planned in
advance with the lead agency concerned and the experts. These areas:-
OPTION 1: Do not clean
In some cases, cleaning will do more damage than good to the environment
(e.g Marsh areas). In areas where there will be a quick natural cleaning by high energy wave action the best
option may be to allow nature to do its work alone. This may also be the case if the area is not highly
valued, (e.g., remote, desolate areas) or if clean-up costs will be prohibitively high.
OPTION 2: Clean to a minimum Standard
If the shoreline area has little value or use it may, nonetheless, be the best option to clean it, if the oil
on the shoreline has the potential for polluting other areas that are highly valued.
OPTION 3: Clean to the pre-spill condition
If the shoreline is important, the best option may be to clean it to as close to its pre-spill condition as
reasonably as possible.
OPTION 4: Clean to a pristine level
In some cases, the shoreline area may be cleaned and restored to a higher level than its original
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condition. This could be the practical consequence of the clean-up method used or the result of an
effort to satisfy the demands of the local population
5.10 Shoreline clean-up Operations:
5.10.1 The shoreline clean-up operation are normally not an emergency operation as is the case with an oil
spill on open water. A clean up project can last many weeks or months depending on the amount of oil
spilled. The contingency plan must be used in combination with consulting experts with experience of
shoreline clean up. The Coast Guard and other agencies such as NIO, Ports and Oil companies have
experts , relevant for the specific oil spill situation and they should be consulted prior to undertaking
shoreline clean-up. General guidelines have been provided in Appendix L: Clean up guidelines .
5.10.2 Shoreline Clean-up Activities:
The types of activities associated with shoreline cleaning include manual removal of tar balls
or tarpatties, shovel removal of oiled-contaminated sand, low pressure flushing, manual sorbent
application, and manual cutting of vegetation. Since inhalational exposure to oil and dispersants
during shoreline clean-up operations is low because of weathering, respiratory protection is not
recommended. However, if symptoms/health effects occur, the affected worker(s) should be removed
and evaluated medically, and then the worksite should be assessed for potential exposure to heat and
VOC (Volatite Organic Compounds) for the remaining workers.
Note: If high pressure washing is conducted, aerosolization of oil mist into respirable droplets could occur and
respiratory protection is recommended with use of at least the level of a disposable P100 filtering
face piece respirator. The use of highly concentrated detergents, degreasers, and solvents, and the
use of heated water during pressure washing, may volatilize hydrocarbons and result in the need for
respiratory protection. Respiratory protection, if deemed necessary by professional judgment and/or
air monitoring results, should include the use of a combination organic vapor/P100 cartridge half
mask respirator. Eye and skin protection during such activities also will be necessary. (Please refer
Sr.4.6)
5.10.3 A shoreline clean-up operation is typically divided into three stages:-
Stage 1 - Removal of gross pollution and bulk oil
Stage 2 - Removal of oil
Stage 3 - Final cosmetic/aesthetic treatment
5.11 The Principal Shoreline Clean-Up Methods
The four main methods for shoreline clean-up are as follows:-
A. Pumping and Skimming Techniques
Applicable to shorelines that are heavily oiled.
Often the first step in cleaning a heavily contaminated shoreline.
Preferred option, because it results in fluid wastes that are relatively free of sediments and debris,
which are more easily dealt with in disposal.
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Pumping and skimming techniques can also be used in conjunction with flushing techniques.
B. Flushing Techniques
Use water or steam to flush oil form the beach, and direct it to a recovery location.
Applicable to heavily contaminated beaches, and substrates that are relatively impermeable (e.g.,
mud and saturated beaches, boulders, and man-made structures) that will not allow the flushed oil
to penetrate the beach surface.
Typically carried out in conjunction with a skimming operation. The flushed oil is directed down-
slope to skimmers positioned at the waters edge, with booms deployed around the skimmers to
prevent any loss of the water.
Options of using low or high pressure water, and of using ambient temperature water versus warm
water of steam .
Low pressure, cold water is generally the least effective, particularly with sticky oils and emulsions,
but is least harmful on the environment .
High pressure water and heated water and steam are more effective, but may remove and/or kill
beach-dwelling organisms.
C. Sediment Removal Techniques
Applicable to a variety of Shoreline types, and in particular, when the
shoreline is heavily contaminated.
The requirement of area access for the heavy equipment for transporting oily debris and sediments
for disposal and a surface which is able to support heavy equipment.
An important factor is to consider the depth of penetration.
Important to limit the depth of material removed in order to minimize disturbance to the beach,
and to minimize disposal requirements.
The best option is to use manual labour to pick up the oily sediment and mechanically transport it
away with final disposal through bioremediation or other GSPCB authorized method.
D. Biodegradation Techniques
Generally refers to active bioremediation, where nutrients and/or micro organisms are applied
to enhance natural degradation.
Generally suitable for areas that are lightly oiled, especially lightly oiled salt marshes and tidal
flats where the use of equipment could increase the environmental effects by forcing oil into the
substrate.
It can also be used as a final clean-up step following more active efforts .
General guidelines for shoreline clean up have been provided in
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Appendix L: Clean up guidelines

5.12 Disposal of collected oil/waste :
5.12.1 In most spills, wherein shoreline protection operations have been relatively successful, significant
quantities of oil will come ashore where it will mix with the beach material. The end result of shoreline
clean-up activities is that significant quantities of waste material have to be temporarily stored and
transported to be their final disposal sites. A critical factor to consider during disposal operations is to
minimize the amount of wastes that must be processed. Waste disposal can be the most expensive and
time-consuming portion of the spill response, and all efforts should be made to reduce the volume to
waster requiring disposal, particularly when waste materials must be transported to a disposal site.
Also, wastes should be segregated as much as possible to maintain flexibility in the choice of disposal
options. Disposal techniques for fluid wastes are generally much cheaper and environmentally benign
than the techniques for solid wastes. When handling and temporarily storing wastes, care should
be taken to minimize additional contamination. Wastes should be stored and transferred in secure
containers, and secondary containment such as drums or synthetic liners should be used at storage
locations. Covers should be provided for open storage containers and piles of waste material in order
to prevent rainwater accumulation and runoff.
5.12.2 The main techniques for waste disposal can be grouped according to the type of waste liquid or
solid.
For liquid wastes, the main options are:
Reprocessing / recycling, in which contaminants are removed from the wastes and the clean
product is reused.
Combustion techniques, in which the waste fluids are burned, either in-situ or using specially
designed incinerators.
For solid wastes, the main options are:-
Combustion techniques, either in-situ or using specially-designed incinerators
Stabilization with quick-lime and/or cement
Biological techniques, in which natural degradation processes are enhanced either in-situ or at
treatment site
Any other scientifically proven method with due authorization from GSPCB.
5.12.3 The most favorable form would be recycling and biological techniques. However, both are very
limited in their applicability. Generally, only water and debris-free oil is acceptable in reprocessing
facilities; and only lightly oiled beach sediments are generally acceptable for biological treatment.
For waste fluids, incineration techniques are also generally favorable, but these are also limited in
applicability, being suitable only for fluid oils and emulsions containing little debris.
Follow defined procedures (Ref Appendix H) for guidance in cleanup and decontamination actions in the
locations affected, including the following stages:
1. Collection;
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2. Classification;
3. Packaging;
4. Provisional disposal;
5. Transport;
6. Final disposal/treatment
Records are to be maintained for logging and controlling waste collected and dispatched, and the
equipments, materials and chemical products used in the following formats,Format Nos. F 01-05
Hazardous waste records and F 02-05 Hazardous Waste Disposal)
All activities associated with waste management should be accompanied by approval and/or
authorized by the Goa State Pollution Control Board (GSPCB).
5.12.4 Storage and disposal sites
Suitable temporary storage and disposal sites for oily wastes approved by
Goa State Pollution Control Board in consultation with other suitable state Govt department/agencies
shall be identified. These sites shall be appropriately designed to enable safe storing of Hazardous
waste and duly approved by GSPCB .
Disposal options shall be discussed and decisions made shall take into account the environmental
implications of each method, the probable costs of transport and disposal and the recycling of
recovered oil.
Waste generated records are to be maintained in Format F 01-05 Hazardous waste records and F
02-05 Hazardous Waste Disposal.
5.13 Environmental effects of various Clean-up Techniques:
5.13.1 In selecting a shoreline clean-up technique and in managing the clean-up operation, it is important to
consider the potential effects of the clean-up efforts. In some cases, it is possible to do more damage
to the environment than that caused by the spill itself. The following are some examples of shoreline
clean-up efforts that may increase the overall negative environmental effects:-
1. Personnel and equipments, accessing the clean-up site at numerous locations, can do serious and
unnecessary damage. Access points should be limited to the minimum necessary to do the job
effectively.
2. High-pressure flushing with water or steam should be used with discretion, as this can remove all
forms of life from a beach, making biological recovery of the beach very difficult or irreversible.
It may be appropriate on man-made structures, though with low pressure flushing.
3. Use of fresh water (rather than sea water) on ocean shorelines can also kill marine life
4. Removing too much sediment from a shoreline, or displacing boulders from a sand or gravel
beach, can lead to increased erosion rates and significant, permanent changes in the shoreline
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5. Using heavy machinery and/or numerous personnel can have long-lasting effects by forcing oil
into the beach sediments. Although natural cleansing rates may be low, biodegradation usually
occurs unless the oil is very toxic or when very large volumes smother vegetation.
5.14 Assistance from Service Providers :
5.14.1 The shoreline clean-up equipment available with the resource agencies will not be multi-area specific
and some may not be suitable for the kind of response option selected. It will necessitate in importing
the specialized equipment form the service providers located outside the country through the P&I
club or ship owners. It will involve customs verification and clearance, guarantee from responsible
party, mobilization to the site and deployment. The ship-owners can be directed to contact any of the
service providers to undertake shoreline clean-up operations using the appropriate shoreline clean-up
equipment. The District Collectors are to have the relevant contact details of the service providers
who can be called to the response area in case emergency.
5.15 Termination of Response:
5.15.1 Technical assistance and expertise is important when deciding to terminate clean-up operations for a
particular shoreline area. The decision to terminate shoreline clean-up operations would be made on
a case to case basis. The reasons to terminate may be due to one of the following:
The effects of the clean-up operation would be more detrimental than the remaining oil
The clean up has satisfied commitments agreed with authorities in contingency plan
Point of diminishing returns reached and further clean-up would not be warranted based on the
cost of continuing operations
The disruption to human use or biological activities caused by clean-up operations
The remaining oil is judged to no longer be a threat to the local ecology light or sporadic oiling
remains
It is ascertained that natural recovery will be sufficient for restoration of the shoreline.
5.15.2 Even when clean-up operations are terminated, post-spill monitoring is required to ensure that
restoration is proceeding as expected. This will typically involve site visits by experts/GSPCB/NIO/
TERI, depending on the extent of the original oiling and on the ecological sensitivity of the area.
5.16 Liability:
Oil spill preparedness is funded by the concerned industry sectors whose activities pose the risk of
a marine oil spill . In the event of an oil spill, the polluter is liable for all reasonable costs associated
with the response.
SECTION - 06
REPORTING
AND
DOCUMENTATION
Section No.: 06
REPORTING AND DOCUMENTATION
Revision No.: 00
6.0 REPORTING AND DOCUMENTATION:
6.1 Initial Report-POLREP:
It is required to report all oil spills in navigable waters or adjoining shorelines in Format 01-06
: Oil Spill Report Form. Further discharges of oil that may be harmful to public health or the
environment include those that:
e Violate applicable water quality standards;
e Cause a film or "sheen" upon, or discoloration of the surface of the water or adjoining
shorelines; or
e Cause a sludge or emulsion to be deposited beneath the surface of the water or upon adjoining
shorelines.
Any person in charge of vessels or facilities that discharge oil in such quantities is required to
report the spill to the Local State & Port Authority.
Every oil spill sighted at the shoreline or at sea adjoining the coastline of Goa are to be reported
immediately to the Coast Guard, State Environment Dept, District collector concerned, State
Maritime Board and the Goa State Pollution Control Board by telephone, fax or available mode
of fastest communication (Refer Appendix B: List of Pre Designated OSC/Lead Agency
accompanied with Format 01-06 : Oil Spill Report Form).
The appropriate agency which is located nearby to the site of the oil spill shall proceed to
investigate after obtaining the sighting report form . The appropriate agency in most cases will be
the District Collector/ICG/GSPCB officer, as the case may be, will thereafter make the pollution
Report (POLREP) in accordance with the Format 02-06 : POLREP Message Format to Coast
Guard, State Environment Department and to every other agency concerned and forward. The
primary information that should be reflected in the POLREP is:-
Area of spill
Quantity and quality of oil spill that is onshore and on water
Source of the oil spill, if known
Any resource, flora and fauna that are affected in the area
Section No.: 06
Revision No.: 00
6.2 Information Gathering:
6.2.1 Prompt reliable gathering of information is most critical at the early stages of a spill. Lead agency/
OSC should arrange for compiling and dissemination of information. The OSC in consultation
with the ICG ,shall immediately instruct and direct the shoreline/Beach Supervisor to put in
place a system for gathering, recording and verifying the information received.
As the response moves into its project, phase, information processes should become more
regularised and less subject to contradictions and misleading reporting.
Information and directions must be disseminated in a clear and expedient fashion. There must
be adequate communication facilities for transmission of instructions and information.
The logging and verifying of orders given, received and actions taken, is critical to the ongoing
management of the response and response planning.
6.3 Situation Reports:
6.3.1 During an oil spill that reaches the shorelines of the State, there will be a multiplicity of agencies
involved that can be of great assistance in the response. These will include Government agencies
and private groups alike. In terms of the government groups, the Indian Coast Guard has established
a Coast Guard District No.11 Operations centre at Vasco-do Gama for oil spill response which
will be operational 24x7. In addition, the affected Coastal District Administration has set up an
Emergency Response Centres.
6.3.2 Various types of report will be provided to various authorities such as the ship owner, will be
involved (to provide details of the cargo and crew numbers, especially if human life is at stake),
as also the cargo owner (to provide precise information about the nature of the oil), insurers
and P&I Clubs and who will be responsible for paying compensation. These information need
to be centrally collected, collated and disseminated to the authorities concerned for tracking
the progress of clean-up and to take further necessary action form the Coast Guard or form the
Central/State Government to bring in additional resources, if the situation warrants.
6.3.3 The District Collector being the lead agency for the emergency response and clean-up operations
should collect, collate and disseminate information periodically and send the situation report
SITREP in Format No.F 03-06 Situation Report to the State Environment Dept and the Coast
Guard Operations Centre at Vasco-da-Gama, every 48 hrs.
The SITREP should be:
e Clear: The report should be legible, preferably typed. Avoid the use of un-familiaracronyms
and abbreviations
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Revision No.: 00
e Concise: The contents should be to the point, not lengthy.
e Complete: The input must be complete and not lead to open questions
e Current: The input must contain current status information that covers the last reporting
period.
e Critical: The input must deal with critical events and activities.
6.3.4 During major oil spill, there will be an influx of outside individuals, such as media persons,
equipment salespeople, and curious parties who have both legitimate interest in the spill and
perhaps not so legitimate. It is important to recognize that such groups will not be part of the
scene and that mechanisms must be established to communicate them on a fair basis without, at
the same time, advise them to not to interfere with the emergency operation.
6.4 Post Incident Reports:
6.4.1 On successful completion of shoreline clean-up, a report is to be sent to the State Environment
Department and Coast Guard by the lead agency, stating the actions taken on:
n The incident
n shoreline clean-up strategy and methods adopted,
n challenges encountered,
n amount spent,
n resources mobilized,
n assistance obtained,
n the level of clean-up achieved
n the monitoring system put in place to observe the effects of clean-up on the local eco-system
as well as
n post clearance management follow up action.
n Root Cause Analysis and
n Corrective and Preventive action recommended to prevent recurrence.

Section No.: 06
Revision No.: 00
6.5 Documentation:
6.5.1 As part of the cost recovery process, the lead agency may be required to substantiate what, why
and to what extent the agencies responded to the spill. It is accordingly recommended that the
lead agency produce a log of all the shoreline clean-up activities undertaken including the use
of clean-up equipments, the amount paid to the volunteers and workers, the transportation and
administration cost, the cost paid as compensation to the fishermen and other legitimate users of
the beach/shoreline, the cost incurred in removal of birds/animals from the area should be kept
legitimately in a register.
6.5.2 The visual record of the major response activities are also to be maintained. These make excellent
materials for reviewing the response and future training. These may include the following:-
Notes- make sure all are well marked (location where taken, date, time, description of what is
photographed, video-taped, etc.)
Sketches
Videos
Photos-for photos and video, use a reference object to indicate object being photographed or
video-taped (e.g. when taking photo of a hole in a vessel, have a person stand next to the hole
to show the reference size)
6.6 Evidence Collection:
6.6.1 It is important to ensure that a valid case can be presented in support of a claim for compensation
or for prosecution in a court of law based on sound evidence. As per present law, the compensation
claim and re-imbursement of clean-up costs are administered by the Directorate General
of Shipping, Mumbai an Executive body of the Ministry of Shipping, Government of India.
The Operational Personnel within the Shoreline/Beach Supervisors team may be assigned
the responsibility of gathering the evidence concerning oil spill. This principally includes the
gathering of samples and taking of photographs/videos and ensuring that these are done in a way
sufficient to satisfy the scrutiny of potential claims for the recovery of costs or legal proceedings
against a polluter. The evidence gathering process is normally carried out by OSC in consultation
with legal authority allocated to the OSC team. The OSC maintains responsibility for evidence
gathered and timely submission of the status report to the state Government, within 30 days of
closure of operations.
SECTION - 07
ADMINISTRATION
AND
FUNDING
ADMINISTRATION AND FUNDING Section No.: 07
Revision No.: 00
7.0 ADMINISTRATION AND FUNDING

7.1 Administrative actions for Shoreline clean-up:
7.1.1 The District Administration who acts as the lead agency should plan day to day activities in
coordination with the Shoreline/Beach Supervisor or the OSC. The planning involves the
collection, evaluation, dissemination and use of information about the development of the incident
and the status of resources through environmental assessment. Necessary logistics arrangement
are to be made for the clean-up personnel and the volunteers. It includes creation of tents for
rest, supply of food and water, provisioning of first aid, transportation to convey personnel and
material from the staging area to the spill site. Preparation of the next days activities should be
developed at the end of the previous days activities and adjusted, if necessary, first thing the
following morning on the basis of the latest reports.(Refer Fig 07:Planning)
Fig 7.0:Planning

7.1.2 All plans should be written and disseminated to the OSC, response team and appropriate team
leaders. Oil spill response operations are unique as they may be lengthy (weeks, sometimes
months). They usually involve long working days and billeting near the site of the incident.
Stress can be a factor for workers and response managers. Some causes of incident stress are:-
Fatigue
Long hours
Pressures of operational decision making
ADMINISTRATION AND FUNDING Section No.: 07
Revision No.: 00
Activities of response Centre

Constant demands on OSC and team leaders from seniors and politicians.
7.1.3 Stress can cause unusual behaviour among all of the response staff and severely affect the decision
making capability of the response management team. It is important for the Shoreline/Beach
Supervisor to provide relief for himself / herself and the response team members and be able to
recognize when stress may be affecting the team. It is important that the lead agency is conscious
of team needs and provides the logistics support necessary to ensure their well being throughout
the response period/duration.
7.2 Funding:
Appropriate funding mechanism for emergency from the State funds/budget may be incorporated
in this section.
The State Environment Dept or the affected shoreline District Administration can obtain the
advance clean-up cost or compensation cost from the insurer/polluter.
7.3 Reimbursement of Clean-up Costs:
7.3.1 Whenever an oil spill reaches the shorelines, the affected people want to be reimbursed for the
costs of cleaning up the environment or compensated for the damage they have suffered. It
generally involves the fishermen who use the sea for their livelihood. The international regime
for liability and compensation applicable to tanker spills has been established to provide a
mechanism for making legitimate claims for compensation. The IOPC fund claim procedures
will be provided by DG shipping to the lead agency concerned.
7.3.2 Under the 1992 Civil Liability Convention (CLC) to which India is party, claims for compensation
oil pollution damage may be brought against the owner of the tanker which caused the damage
(or his insurer). Under the CLC, the ship owner has strict liability for pollution damage caused
by the escape or discharge of persistent oil from his tanker. This means that he is liable even
in the absence of fault on his part. Anyone who has suffered pollution damage in a State of
Goa on account of oil spill can make a claim for compensation to the ship owner or his insurer.
Claimants may be private individuals, partnerships, companies, private organizations or public
bodies, including District or local authorities. If several claimants suffer similar damage, it will
be more convenient to submit co-ordinate claims.
7.3.3 Furthermore, on some occasions the oil discharge may be deliberate. Legal action can be taken
in accordance with the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 and the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986. In many cases, prosecutions will be based on the allegation that there has
been a contravention of the International convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
(MARPOL 73/78) which are inscribed in the Merchant Shipping (Prevention of Oil Pollution
from ships) Rules, 2010.
SECTION - 08
COASTAL DISTRICTS PROFILE

&
PROTECTION PRIORITIES
Section No.: 08
COASTAL DISTRICTS PROFILE & PROTECTION PRIORITIES
Revision No.: 00
8.0 COASTAL ECOLOGICAL PROFILING
8.1 Coastal Ecology:
Many of the Goas diverse and ecologically important coastline including the inland riverine
systems are home to Goas diverse and at times ,unique flora and fauna e.g. Dr.Salim Ali Bird
Sanctuary in Chorao Island, Estuarine Mangrove systems, Khazan Lands etc. Oil Spills causes
disruption and devastion of migratory pathways, degradation of important animal and plant
habitats, and oil spills and ultimately to humans who depend on these ecosystems.
Oil spills can devastate ecosystems and severely impact water quality. The Environmental
Sensitivity Index [ESI) mapping becomes essential in order to reduce the environmental
consequences of a spill and help prioritize the placement and allocation of resources during
cleanup efforts. One of the primary objectives of oil spill planning and response, is to reduce the
environmental consequences of the spill and cleanup efforts. This objective is best achieved if
the location of sensitive resources are identified in advance, so that protection priorities can be
established and cleanup strategies selected and readily available. With response time being of
the utmost importance , details of these resources is essential in the decision making process. For
sensitive area mapping to be effective, it must be an integral component of an overall planning
activity. (Refer Appendix D:Ecological Sensitive Areas)
An oil spill can harm birds and mammals by direct physical contact, toxic contamination, and
destruction of food sources. One of the more difficult aspects of oil spill response is the rescue of
oiled birds and mammals.
Physical contact - When fur or feathers come into contact with oil, they get matted down. This
matting causes fur and feathers to lose their insulating properties, placing animals at risk of
freezing to death. As the complex structure of the feathers that allows birds to float becomes
damaged, the risk of drowning increases for birds.
Toxic contamination - Some species are susceptible to the toxic effects of inhaled oil. Oil vapors
can cause damage to an animal's central nervous system, liver, and lungs. Animals are also at risk
from ingesting oil, which can reduce the animal's ability to eat or digest its food by damaging
cells in the intestinal tract. Some studies show that there can be long-term reproductive problems
in animals that have been exposed to oil.
Destruction of food resources - Even species that are not directly in contact with oil can be
harmed by a spill. Predators that consume contaminated prey can be exposed to oil through
ingestion, further leading to biomagnifications of the pollutant. Because oil contamination gives
Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
fish and other animals unpleasant tastes and smells, predators will sometimes refuse to eat their
prey and may begin to starve. Sometimes, a local population of prey organisms is destroyed,
leaving no food resources for predators. Thus the food chain is not only disturbed and disrupted,
but also adversely affects the existing biodiversity and economic resources.
8.2 Coastal Sensitivity Mapping:
8.2.1 As elaborated earlier, some stretches of coastline and coastal waters are more sensitive than
others to oil pollution. Factors which might influence such considerations are the presence of
following:-
fish landing jetties/ferry boat wharfs Appendix E: Major/Minor Ports/Loading Jetties.
Fisheries /Aquaculture areas: Appendix G : Fish Landing Sites
Birds, Turtle nesting sites : Appendix D(iii): ESI species distribution & F 08A-08 to F
08D-08
Areas comprising of, e.g. saltpans ,mangroves, sand dunes Appendix D (i) ESI Map of Goa-
NIO & (ii)Tactical Oil Spill Sensitivity Map-CEE
Amenity beaches Appendix D(iii): Tourism Map of Goa
Cultural/archaeological sites Appendix D (ii)Tactical Oil Spill Sensitivity Map & (iv):
Tourism Map of Goa
8.2.2 Sensitive Areas
Goas shoreline is environmentally sensitive and can be described in two categories.
i. Biological Diversity
ii. Sensitive land use areas
The environmentally sensitive zones are the zones/areas that may be susceptible to negative
impacts due to man made or natural anomalies.
8.2.1 The biological diversity as evident in both North and South Goa districts include the following
in Table 8.0:Natural Reserves of Goa
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8.0:Natural Reserves of Goa

National Park Mollem National Park
Wildlife Sanctuary Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhagwan
Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary, Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary, Netravali
Wildlife Sanctuary, Madei Wildlife Sanctuary
Endangered species Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhagwan
Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary, Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary, Netravali
Wildlife Sanctuary, Madei Wildlife Sanctuary
Turtle Nesting Ground Galgibag, Morjim, Agonda
Coral Reefs St. Georges Islands
jEstuarine Crocodiles Cumbharjua Canal
Mangrove Areas Along the river stretches (River Zuari, River Mandovi, River Chapora,
River Talpona, River Galgibag, River Sal, River Tiracol and Cumbarjua
Canal)
Wetlands Carambolim, Pilar, Verna, Rumbrem, Raichetolem, Curtorim and Chorao
Reserved Forests 354.48 sq. km. in North Goa district and 869.98 sq. km. in South Goa
district
Source :Goa State Zoning Atlas
8.3 Reserves at high risk:
Of these reserves, the following are at high risk due to oil spills:
8.3.1 Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary: It is the smallest sanctuary in Goa encompassing an area of
1.78 sq. km and located at the western tip of the island of Chorao along the River Mandovi
near Panjim, the only representative mangrove ecosystem of the State. The sanctuary functions
as a protective habitat for typical mangrove avi-fauna and a habitat for the migratory birds.
This sanctuary, originally a marshy land had been reclaimed for paddy cultivation by erecting
bunds and dykes. Damage to the bunds due to tidal forces led to the ingression of mangroves.
To provide protection to the mangroves and the resident and migratory bird population, the area
was acquired by the State Government and declared as a Bird sanctuary in the year 1988 and
named after the great ornithologist Dr. Salim Ali. The meandering canals of water through the
sanctuary with lush green vegetation gives an enchanting feel while in the backwater of Chorao.
A large colony of Flying Foxes (bats) are resident here and one can occasionally sight crocodiles
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and turtles. Jackals take refuge on the bunds during high tide. Most of the birds sighted here are
migratory. The vegetation is dominated by the mangrove species of Rizophora, Sonneratia and
Avicennia. (Refer Table 8.1 and Format No. F08B-08)
Table 8.1: Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary,Chorao

Area
Name Location Forest Type (sq. Species Found
km.)
Dr. Salim Tiswadi Mangrove 1.78 Birds: Black Wing Stilt, White Bellied Sea Eagle,
Ali Bird vegetation White Breasted Water Hen, Marsh Heron, Lesser
Sanctuary Adjutant Stork, Cormorants, Osprey, Marsh
Harrier, Purple Heron, Reef Heron, Pintails,
Garganey, Sandpipers, Curlew, Egrets.
Mangrove Flora: Rhizophora Mucronata,

Rhizopora Apiculata, Brugueira Cylindrical,
Ceriops Tagal, Kandelia Candel, Avicennia
Officinalis, Avicennia Marina, Avicennia Alba,
Sonneratia Alba, Sonneratia Caseolaris, Aegiceras
Corniculatus, Derris Heterophylla, Excoecaria
Agallocha.
Source : Goa State Zoning Atlas8
8.3.2 Coral Reefs: Coral reefs can be broadly defined as offshore ridges of limestone, the upper surface
of which lies near the sea level and consist of calcium carbonate secreted by the corals. They are
known for exceptionally diverse fauna and flora, complex food web, and tropic organisms. The
coral species Porites Lutea, Favites sp. Turbinaria sp. and Astrangia sp. are found at St. Georges
Islands in Goa 8
8.3.3 Turtle Nesting Grounds: Goa, India on the west, has been a nesting site for the Olive Ridley
Sea Turtles. The nestings are sporadic and occur generally throughout the coast of Goa. Out of
the 105 km coastline of Goa, only about 6 km is left appropriately for the Olive Ridley to nest.
Morjim in the North Goa Galgibag and Agonda in the South Goa are other major nesting sites.
(Refer Format No. F 08D-08)
i. Morjim beach stretches for about 2 km between Vagator and Hermal beaches in Pernem
taluka of North Goa district. The major concentration of the Olive Ridley nests occurs near
the mouth of the River Chapora in Temb Vaddo in an area of about 1 km2. This is a unique
area having porous sand
ii. and bound by Ipomea and Spinifix types of sand dune vegetation.
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Agonda beach, a stretch of about 2 km in Canacona taluka of South Goa

iii. district is another major nesting site.
Galgibag beach is a 3 km stretch of relatively undisturbed beach in Canacona taluka of South Goa
district. There is a concentration of Olive Ridley nests along the entire stretch of this beach.
8.3.4 Mangrove Areas: Mangroves are very specialized forest ecosystems of tropical and subtropical
regions bordering the sheltered sea coasts and estuaries. These stabilize the shoreline and act as
barriers against encroachment by the Sea. Salt tolerant inter-tidal halophytic plants dominate the
mangrove forests.
Mangroves form the unique group of plants thriving in the regions influenced by tides. A dense
mangrove cover bordering an estuarine bank indicates a healthy coastal ecosystem. They play an
important role in the land building process by enhancing sedimentation, shore stabilization and
preventing river bank erosion.
The segmented coast of the state has 7 major estuaries, which are microtidal (tidal amplitude 0.01-
2.4m).Swamps along estuaries are composed of laterite, loamy and alluvial soils. Mangroves are
confined mainly to the narrow intertidal mudflats along the banks of these namely.
1. Mandovi 5. Sal
2. Zuari 6. Talpona
3. Chapora 7. Galgibag
4. Tiracol 8. Cumbharjua Canal
The fringing nature of mangroves could be attributed to the rising topography of the coast.
Occasionally, large patches of mangroves can also be seen in Chorao Island of Mandovi, along
Cumbarjua canal towards upstream regions of Zuari and polyhaline (salinity 18-30%) regions of
Tiracol and Galgibag.
However, the major formations occur along the Mandovi- Zuari-Cumbharjua estuarine complex,
which constitute more than 75% of the total (20 km) mangrove cover in the state.
The Chorao Island located in the river Mandovi is one of the best mangrove forests in Goa and
houses most of the species found in Goa. Chorao mangroves have been conserved as Dr. Salim Ali
Bird Sanctuary. Import species found are Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera
gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera cylindrical, Ceriops tagal, Kandelia candel (K.rheedi), Avicennia afficinalis,
Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia caseolaris, Aegiceras corniculatum,
Excoecaria agallocha, Acanthus illicifolius, Lumnitzera racemosa etc.(8)(refer Table 8.2
Distribution of Mangroves in estuaries of Goa is given in Table 09 and. (Refer Format No. F 08E-
08)
Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
Table 8.2: Mangrove distribution in Goa
Species Tiracol Chapora Mandovi Zuari Cumbharjua Sal Talpona Galgibag
Rhizopora mucronata ++ + +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++

R. conjugata - - - - - - +++ -
R. apiculata - - ++ - + - - -
Bruguiera gymnorhiza - - ++ + ++ + - -
B. sexangula - - + + + - - -
Kandelia rheedii - + +++ +++ ++ - - -
Ceriops tagal + - - - - - - -
Avicennia officinalis ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++
A. marina - - + + + - - -
A. alba + + + + + + - -
Acanthus ilicifolius ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++
Sonneretia alba ++ + +++ +++ + + + +
S.caseolaris - - ++ + ++ + - -
Exoecaria agallocha + ++ ++ ++ ++ + + +
Aegiceras corniculata + - - - - ++ - -
Associate Mangroves
Derris heterophylla ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++
Acrostichum aureum ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++
Porteresia coarctata ++ ++ ++ + - + + ++
Source: World Wide Fund for Nature, India (Goa office) - Absent; + Rare; ++ Common; +++ Dominant
8.3.5 Cumbharjua Canal: The canal inter connects two major estuaries i.e. Mandovi and Zuari and
bears good mangrove areas, which host a number of estuarine crocodiles. These mangroves
protect the bunds, which prevent the entry of brackish water into the Khazan lands.
8.3.6 Wetlands: Wetlands are transitional areas between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems where the
water table is usually at or near the surface of the soil or the land is covered with shallow water.
These include marshes, swamps, floodplains, bogs, peatlands, shallow ponds, littoral zones of
larger water bodies, tidal marshes, etc.
The Carambolim Lake, a freshwater tank having an area of 0.7 sq. km, close to Old Goa, sustains
a large and varied population of resident and migratory birds throughout the year. It has been
shown by way of the Asian Mid- winter Waterfowl Count, to be the major winter destination of
migratory Waterfowls in Peninsular India and one of the most important in the sub-continent.
Recently, it has been also declared as an important Bird Area under the Important Bird Area
Programme of Birdlife International, U.K. The details of wetlands found in the Table 8.3, given
below:
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Revision No.: 00
Table 8.3: Wetlands in Goa

Area
District Location Category Species found
(Sq. km)
North Carambolim Local 0.7 Dabchick, Indian Shag, Little Cormorant, Grey Heron, Purple
Goa significance Heron, Pond Heron, Large Egret, Cattle Egret, Little Egret,
Median Egret, Reef Heron, Openbill Stork, Lesser Adjutant
Stork, White Ibis, Glossy Ibis, Spoonbill, Lesser Whistling
Teal, Pintail, Garganey, Shoveller, Spotbilled Drck, Cotton
Teal,Nakta, Pariah Kite,Brahminy Kite, Pallas Fishing Eagle,
Shikra,Crested Serpent Eagle, Marsh Harner, Whitebreasted
Waterhen,Indian Moorhen, Purple Moorhen, Coot, Pheasant
Tailed Jacana, Bronzewinged Jacana, Redwattled Lapwing,
Redshank, Spotted Redshank, Marsh Sandpiper, Spotted
Sandpiper, Common Nipe, Blackwanged Stilt, Brownheaded
Gull, River Tern, Indian Whiskered Tern, Gullbilled Tern,
Bluerock Pigeon, Spotted Dove, Roseringed Parakeet,
Blossomheaded Parakeet, Lorkeet, Koel, Small Greenbilled
Malkoha, Concal, Spotted Owlet, Lesser Pied
Kingfisher, Small Blue Kingfisher, Storkbilled Kingfisher,
Whitebreasted Kingfisher, Blackcapped Kingfisher, Blue
Tailed Bee Eater, Vhestnut Headed Bee Eater, Small Green
Bee Eater, Blue Jary, Large Green Barbet, Small Green
Barbet, Coppersmith,Rufous Woodpecker, Goldenbacked
Woodpecker, Crested Lark, Wire Tailed Swallow, Red
Rumped Swallow, Grey Shrike, Baytacked Shrike,
Rufousbacked Shrike, Ashy Swallow Shrike, Black Drongo,
Racket Tailed Drongo, Brahminy Myna, Rosy Pastor,
Indian Myna, Jungle Myna, Indian Tree Pie, House Crow,
Redwhiskerd Bulbul,Reavented Bulbul, Whitebrowed Bulbul,
Greyheaded Bulbul, Jungle Babbler, Paradise Flycatcher,
Indian Wren Warbler, Ashy Wren Warbler, Talarhird, Blyths
Reed Warbler,Great Reed Warbler,Brownchuttchatt, Magpie
Robin, Paddyfield Pipir, Yellow Wagtail, White Wagtail,Large
Pied Wagtail,Thickbilled Flowerpecker,Purple Sunbird,
Purpleumped Sunbird, Lotens Sunbird, House Sparrow,
Yellow Throated Munia, Whitebacked Munia, Spotted
Munia, Blackheaded Munia
Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
Contd Table 8.3: Wetlands in Goa

District Location Category Area
Species found
(Sq. km)
North Goa Chorao Local significance NA NA
South Goa Pilar Local significance NA NA
South Goa Verna Local significance NA NA
South Goa Rumbrem Local significance NA NA
South Goa Raiche- Local significance
NA NA
Tolem
South Goa Curtorim Local significance NA NA
Source: Forest Department, Goa NA Information not
available
8.4 Sensitive land uses
8.4.1 Land in the district includes a wide diversity of landscapes and ecosystems. It is important to
ensure that the ecological significance of these land uses taken into account and criteria are
established to protect the land from incompatible use.
The sensitive land uses in North and South Goa districts include the following:
a. Public water supply areas from surface water bodies: River Kalna, Assonora, Valvanti, Madei,
Khandepar, Talpona and Salaulim Reservoir (River Zuari) are the main sources of supply of
drinking water in North and South Goa districts. Areas upto 2 km u/s of public water abstraction
point is considered a buffer zone. The details of intake points are given below in Table 8.4:
Table 8.4: Details of Intake Points for Drinking Water Supply in North and South Goa districts
S. Water Potential
Water Treatment Plant Source River
No. (MLD)
1 Salaulim WTP River Sanguem 160
2 Opa WTP River Khandepar 75
3 Assonora WTP River Assonora/Amthane dam/River 42
Valvanti
4 Sanquelim WTP River Valvanti 12
5 Dabose WTP River Madei 5
6 Chandel WTP Tillari Irrigation Project/River Kalna 15
7 Canacona WTP River Talpona 5
TOTAL 314
Source: Public Works Department, Goa

Section No.: 08
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b. World Heritage Site : Goa has churches, temples ,forts etc., some of which have been declared
as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 1986 under the World Heritage category ( Refer Table
8.5)
Table 8.5: Monuments of National Significance in Goa
S. No. Name of the Monuments Location Taluka District
1. Basilica of Bom Jesus Old Goa
2. Se' Cathedral Old Goa
3. Church of St. Cajetan Old Goa
4. Church of Our Lady of Rosary Old Goa
5. Church and Convent of St. Francis of Assisi Old Goa
6. Church of St. Augustine Old Goa
7. Chapel of St. Catherine Old Goa
8. Portal remains of St. Pauls College Old Goa Tiswadi
9. Arch of Viceroy Old Goa
10. Arch of Adil Shahs Palace Old Goa North Goa
11. Chapel of St. Francis Xavier and connected buildings Old Goa
12. House of Bull Old Goa
13. Largo of St. Francis Xavier Old Goa
14. Largo of St. Cajetan together with other monuments Old Goa
15. Aguada Fortress (upper) Candolim
16. Fortification wall of Aguada Fortress (lower) Candolim Bardez
17. Safa Masjid Ponda Ponda
18. Rock Cut Caves Arvalem Bicholim
19. Mahadev Temple Tambdi

Surla Sanguem
20. Mahadev Temple Kurdi
South Goa
21. Excavated Site Chandor Salcete
Source: Archeological Survey of India, Goa Circle

Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
c. Devrais (Sacred Groves) of Goa : They are patches of dense forests, guarded by local
communities. ( Refer Table 8.6)
Table 8.6: List of Sacred Groves in Goa
Name of grove Location Taluka District
Ajobachi Rai Keri Sattari North Goa
Koperdyachi Rai Sattari
Ajobachi Tali Brahma Karmali
Nirankarachi Rai Maloli
Pirapeth Ibrahimpur Pernem
Bhui Pann Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, Verle Sanguem South Goa
Paik Dev Morpilla Quepem
Partgal Gokarna, Partal, Jeevottam Math Cancona
Source: Archeological Survey of India, Goa Circle.
8.5 Charts:
Following state specific-charts are enclosed attached below-
A. Important places and Archaeological Locations. -Appendix D
B. Ecologically sensitive shorelines of Goa. - Appendix D
C. Fishing Hamlets/Fishing Harbours in Goa. -Appendix G
D. Minor Ports in Goa. -Appendix E
E. Important Estuaries/Backwaters/River mouth/Lagoon, etc. -Appendix D
F. Important Flora and Fauna - Appendix D
8.6 Biological Diversity:
Biological diversity or the variability among living organisms is valuable for ecological,
genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic reasons.
The biological diversity areas include areas with significant ecological features and ecosystems.
The conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity are of critical importance to meet
the food, health and other needs of the growing world population.
The biological diversity of in North and South Goa districts is given in Sr.No.s 8.2 & 8.3:
Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
8.7 Forests:
8.7.1 Reserved and Protected Forests: Reserved and Protected forests are areas notified under the
provisions of the Indian Forest Act (IFA) or the State Forest Act. The reserved forests have full
degree of protection whereas the protected forests have partial degree of protection. Reserved
forests and protected forests are primarily for the conservation and production of forest resources.
However, not being free of encumbrance and access to public, the flora and fauna in these forests
are not fully protected
8.7.2 Reserved Forests: The Reserved Forests under section 20 of IFA covers an area of 236.82 sq.
km. and under section 4 of IFA it covers 722.54 sq. km. In North Goa district the forest cover is
354.48 sq. km. and in South Goa district it is 869.98 sq. km. The details of the Reserved Forests
in Goa having close proximity to coastline or rivers are given below in Table 8.7:
Table no. 8.7 Reserved Forests in Goa

District Name of the Forest/Taluka Category Area (sq.km)
North Goa
Vainguinim , Tiswadi Reserved Forest (Section 20) 8.83654
Khandeapar, Ponda Reserved Forest (Section 4) 0.7312
Paliem, Pernem Reserved Forest (Section 4) 5.0113
Barazana, Bicholim Reserved Forest (Section 20) 0.5775
Oxel, Bardez Reserved Forest (Section 4) 10.35
South Goa Cola-I Reserved Forest (Section 4) 1.78
Sal , Salcette Reserved Forest (Section 20) 0.54
For additional details please refer section 3.6.
8.8 Hydrogeological conditions:

8.8.1 The quality of groundwater varies is site-specific and from alkaline through potable to high
saline types in the districts.
Occurrence and movement of ground water depends upon the type of rock formation, structure,
topography, rainfall, recharge potential here etc. Ground water in the district occurs in rocks
having primary porosity & permeability or in those having secondary porosity acquired due to
weathering, leaking, tectonics, solutions etc. Ground water bearing formations in the district are
laterite, alluvium, granite, granite gneiss, metavolcanics and metasedimentaries.
Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00

a) North Goa :Fig.8.0 Hydrogeological map of North Goa District 8
Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
b) Fig.8.1 Water Level depth: map of North Goa District 8

Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
c) South Goa : Fig.8.2 Hydrogeological map of South Goa District 8

Section No.: 08
Revision No.: 00
d) Fig.8.3 Water Level depth: map of South Goa District 8

SECTION - 09
APPENDIX
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix A(i)
EMERGENCY RESPONSE CENTRES

Sr.No. District Talukas Village/Municipal Address & Contact No.
A NORTH GOA Pernem Mandrem
B Bardez Calangute
C Tiswadi CoP, Betim
D Bicholim
E Sattari
A SOUTH GOA Mormugao

MPT
B Salcette Benaulim
C Quepem
D Sanguem
E Canacona
Pending: Response to GSPCB letter No: 8/8/05/Vol III/5178 dtd 08/10/13 pending
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix A (ii)
OIL SPILL RESPONSE EQUIPMENTS EMERGENCY RESPONSE CENTRE-GOA- Pending

purchase
Sl. No. Description Qty

1 Ground Cloths For Quick Tank Qet 1400-Gc 4 Nos.
2 PVC Hand Gloves Small 14 20 Nos.
20 Nos.
3 PVC Hand Gloves Small 16
20 Nos.
4 PVC Hand Gloves Small 18
20 Nos.
5 Mops With Handle
20 Nos.
6 Non sparking Hand Shovel With Wooden Handle
7 Wheel Barrow 10 Nos.
8 Rake With Handle 10 Nos.
9 Tarpaulin Standard Size 30*27 4 Nos.
10 Gunny Bags 50 Nos.
11 HDPE Bags 50 Nos.
12 Safety Helmets 50 Nos.
13 Liquid Soap 50 Litres
14 Water Flask (20 Litres) 10 Nos.
15 Saw Dust Packed in Gunny Bags Min.100 Kgs.
16 Disposable Coveralls - Small 10
17 Disposable Coveralls Medium 25
18 Disposable Coveralls Large 25
19 Disposable Coveralls Extra Large 25
20 Gum Boots Small 10
21 Gum Boots Medium 25
22 Gum Boots Large 25
23 Gum Boots Extra Large 25
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd Appendix A(ii)
Sl. No. Description Qty

24 Plastic Buckets 10 Litres 15 Nos.
25 Plastic Buckets 20 Litres 15 Nos.
26 Plastic Mugs 1 Litre 15 Nos.
27 Cotton Rag (100 Kg) 100 bags
28 Trolleys 3 Nos.
29 Detergent Powder 25 Kgs.
30 Disposable Cups 100 Nos.
31 Work / Life Vests 10 Nos.
32 Walkie Talkie, 10 Nos.
33 Torch 10 Nos
34 Emergency Lamps 10 Nos
35 Folding Table 05 Nos
36 Folding Chair 10 Nos
37 Goggles 100 Nos
38 Local map of the Area 10 Nos
39 Breathing Apparatus 100 Nos
40 Sea/River going tugs 03 Nos
41 Oil absorbent pads 1000 Nos.
42 Portable Compressor 1 No.
43 Flood lights As required
44 Generator As required
45 Copy of current GOA-SOS-DCP 02 Nos
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix B
LIST OF PRE DESIGNATED OSC/LEAD AGENCY
(Coastal Administration)
Administration Telephone No. Fax No. Residence No.

District Collector of North 0832 - 2225383 2426492 2420710
Goa
District Collector of South 0832 - 2705333 2733026 2738285
Goa
Village Panchayat (VP)
Candolim 0832 - 2489061 - -
Calangute 0832 - 2276016 - -
Anjuna 0832 - 2273246 - -
Cola 0832 - 2647213 - -
Agonda 0832 - 2647357 - -
Morjiem 0832 - 2244310 - -
Mandrem 0832 - 2247222 - -
Cansaulim 0832 - 2754048 - -
Majorda 0832 - 2881435 - -
Colva 0832 - 2788485 - -
Betalbatim 0832 - 2880036 - -
Benaulim 0832 - 2770164 - -
Varca 0832 - 2745057 - -
Cavelossim 0832 - 2871521 - -
Poinginuim 0832 - 2641205 - -
Loliem 0832 - 2640247 - -
Sancoale 0832 - 2550221 - -
Bogmalo 0832-2538952 - -
Velsao 0832 - 2754066 - -
Chicalim 0832 - 2540226 - -
Arambol 0832 - 2242966 - -
Paliem 0832 - 2292128 - -
Querim Teracol 0830 - 2292161 - -
Taleigao 0832 - 2465354 - -
Fatorpa 0832 - 2670117 - -
Naquerim 0832 - 2676135 - -
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix C
IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NO. OF RESOURCES AGENCIES

(Central/State Govt. Dept/Ministry)
Sr.No. Agency Tele No.

Coast Guard
1 Coast Guard RHQs , Vasco T: 0832-2521957
Ports Authority
2 Captain of Ports T :0832 2426109
3. Marmugao Port Trust (MPT) T : 0832-2521100
F: 0832-2521105
Director General Shipping
6 Director General Shipping T: 022-25752040/41/42/43/45
7 Marine Merchantile Department T :0832-2520617
F: 0832-2520739
Oil handing Agencies
8 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOCL) T :0832-2512042
F: 0832-2501809
9 Zuari Indian Oil Tanking (ZIOL) T :0832-2888995/2555349
F: 0832-2555203
10 Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) T : 0832-2556039/40
11 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPC) T :0832-2512680
F: 0832-2511120
12 (ONGC) T :0832-2677001
Fisheries Department
13 Director of Fisheries T:O832 - 2227780
Scientific Institutions
14 National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) T :0832-2450200
F: -
15 Department of Science ,Technology & Environment T :0832-2438511
(DSTE) F: 0832-2438511
16 C I F N E T (Central Ins!tute of Fisheries Nau!cal and T: (0484) 2351493, 2351790,
Engineering Training),Dewan's Road, Kochi - 682 016 2351610
F.: 91- 484 - 2370879

17 Na!onal Biodiversity Authority T :044-22541805
F: 044-22541073
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd.. Appendix C
17 Goa Coastal Zone Management Authority (GCZMA) T :0832-2438511

18 Forest Department T :0832-2424352
F: 0832-2224747
19 Goa State Pollution Control Board, (GSPCB) T :0832-2438563
F: 0832-2438528
20 The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI-Goa) T: 0832 2459306/9328
F: 0832 2459338
Social Welfare Departments
21 National Service Scheme(NSS) T : 011-23073324
Tourism Departments
22 Goa Tourism Development Corporation (GTDC) T :0832-2224063
F: 0832-2423926
Defence Departments
23 Police Dept 100
24 Fire & Emergency Service T :0832-2227616
F: 0832-2226100
Hospitals/ Community Health Centres (CHC)/Primary Health Centres (PHC)

Sr.No. Taluka Agency Tele No.
25 Cottage Hospital, Chicalim T:0832-2540864/ 9011025049
Mormugao
26 Cortalim PHC T:0832-2550274
27 Sanguem Curchorem CHC T:0832-2650566
28 Hospicio Hospital, Margao T:0832-2705167/2735972
29 Salcete Cansaulim PHC T:0832-2754036
30 Chinchinim PHC T:0832-2863237
31 Quepem Bali PHC T:0832-267021/2670965
32 Goa Medical College & Hospital T:0832-2495010
Tiswadi
33 Corlim PHC T:0832-228569
34 Bicholim Bicholim PHC T:0832-2362050/2362041
35 Canacona Canacona CHC T:0832-2643339/2643422
36 Sanguem Curchorem CHC T:0832-2650566
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd.. Appendix C
37 Pernem Pernem CHC T:0832-2201249

38 Cansarvornem PHC T:0832-2205222
39 Ponda Ponda CHC T:0832-2312115/2312114
40 Betki PHC T:0832-2287160
41 Sattari Valpoi CHC T:0832-2374260/2375234
42 Bardez Aldona PHC T:0832-2293251
43 Candolim PHC T:0832-2489035
44 Colvale PHC T:0832-2299870
NGO
45
T: Telephone F: Fax
Expert Agency
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix D (i)
ESI MAP OF GOA

Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd. Appendix D (i)

Result and Discussion7
ESI 10 Ranking 10 has been given to mangroves. Mangroves are most vulnerable to the oil
spill. They are found along the course of Mandovi and Zuari Rivers. Along the entire stretch of
Cumarjua canal which connects Mandovi and Zuari rivers, it has healthy growth. So these areas
are ranked 10. East of Panjim city, several swampy lands are present which fertile grounds for
mangrove vegetation are, they are also ranked 10 on the ESI scale.
ESI 9 Ranking 9 is assigned to tidal flats. In this study area Tidal Flats are found along the
course of Mandovi and Zuari rivers. These areas are submerged in water at high tide time. If the
spill will coincide with high tide than it may spread over tidal flat which can cause harm to the
organisms taking shelter there.
ESI 8 This ranking is given to sheltered rocky shore, sheltered man made structure. These
areas are rare in this region. Only minute presence of sheltered rocky shore can be seen.
ESI 7 Ranking 7 is assigned for the exposed tidal flats. It is also high vulnerable area for oil
spill. Tidal flats are present all along the major rivers flowing in the area. Mainly it can be seen
along the Mandovi and Zuari River.
ESI 6 Ranking 6 is assigned for gravel beaches which has not been found in this area.
ESI 5 Rank 5 is assigned to coarse sand to gravel beaches which are not found in this area
ESI 4 It is assigned for medium to coarse grained sandy beaches. In south Goa majority of
beaches belong to this category. Beaches such as Bambolim, Bogmalo, Betul beach, Agonda
beach, Palolem beach falls under rank 4 category. The grain size analysis of sand suggests that
these beaches are mainly made up of medium to coarse grain sand.
ESI 3 Rank 3 is given to medium to fine grained sandy beaches. South Goa is having one
of the largest stretches of these kinds of beaches. There is 31 km long stretch of beach which
is mainly composed of fine to medium grained sand. An important beach which falls in this
category are, Colva, Majorda, Banaulim, Mobor, Verca, Cansaulim Beach. Fine grain does not
allow the oil to percolate. Cleaning operation is easier if oil does not percolate into the sand.
Spread oil on the beaches is again taken back into sea by the wave action.So these beaches are
low ranked in the ESI scale.
ESI 2 Rank 2 is given to wave cut platform which are generally exposed. In the present
study area wave cut platforms are not found.
ESI 1 Rank 1 is assigned to rocky shore, cliffs, and solid manmade structures. South Goa
shoreline is made up of Rocky head land altering with sandy beaches. Important headlands are
Vasco headland, Cape Di Rama headland. Except these, there are some small headlands present
there. In southern part shore line is mainly composed of headlands and cliffs. Rocky shore
line reflects back spill and there is very less chance of accumulation of spill. So they are given
minimum rank 1 in ESI index.
Source: NIO Dr.Mani Murali7
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix D (ii)
Tactical Oil Spill Sensitivity Map- GOA
Coastal Environmental Sensitive Map of Goa
Source :CEE
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix D (iii) F 08A-08

ESI species distribution- GOA
A. ESI MAPPING: MANGROVES FAUNA
RISK (Please specify months engaged in )
Sr. COMMON LOCAL
SPECIES NAME T/ CONCERN HI/MED/ Eggs/ off
N0 NAME NAME M/L^ Juvenile Breeding
E# LO* springs
Reptiles
Crocodilus
1
Palustris Crocodile Mugger T HI
Sankes E MED
2 Varanus Salvator Lizards T HI
Turtle T HI
Mammals
Lutrogale
1
Perspicillata Otter E MED
2 Canis aureus Jackles E LO
Pteropus Flying Foxes-
3
giganteus Bats
Crabs
1 Scylla serrata Mud Crab Kurleo E MED
2 Uca so. Fiddler Crab
Oysters
Crassostrea
1
cucullata Kalva E MED
1 Clams White Clam Khube E MED

2 Meretrix Casta Black Clam Khube T HI
Velorita
3
Cyprinoide Mud Clam T HI
Polymesoda
Erosa
1 Prawns Tiger Prawn Wagheo E HI
Penaeus
2
Monodon Banana Prawn LO
3 P. Merguiensis White Prawns LO
P. Indicus
#T-Threatened ^M-Migratory *HI-HIGH

E-Endangered L-Local MED-MEDIUM
LO-LOW
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix D (iii) F 08B-08

A.ESI MAPPING: MANGROVES

Sr. COMMON LOCAL
SPECIES NAME CONCERN HI/
N0 NAME NAME T/E# M/L^ Flowering Fruiting Seedling
MED/LO*
Sea grass
Spoon sea
1 Halophila Ovalis
Gol Kandal grass T HI Apr-May
Lamb
2 H. Beccarii
Kandal T HI Oct- Nov
Estuarine Mangroves
Rhizophora mucronata
1
Lamk Gol Kandal E MED Aug-Dec Feb-Mar
Lamb
2 R. Apiculata Blume
Kandal E MED Jun- Dec Jan-Mar
Brugiera gymnorhiza
3
(L) Lamk E MED Sep- Nov Aug- Nov
4 B. Cylindrica W & A E MED Sep- Dec Sep- Dec
Ceriops tagal (Pirrot)
5
C.B. Rob Son Kandal E MED Sep- Dec Nov-Dec
Kandelia candel W
6
&A E MED Aug- Dec
Aegiceras
7
corniculatum (L) Bl. E MED
Lumnitzera racemosa
8
wild E MED
9 Avicenia officinilis L. Tivar E MED Jun-Sep Aug-Dec
A. Marina (Firsk)
10
Viersh Tivar E MED Jun- Sep
Sonneratia alba J.
11
Smith Cheep E MED Sep-Dec Oct- Dec
12 S. Caseolaris (L) Engl. E MED Sep-Dec
13 S. Apetala Buch. Ham E MED Sep-Dec
Xyalocarpus
14
mekongensis Pier T HI
15 Acanthus ilicifolius L. E MED Mar- Jun
16 Salvadora persica L. E MED Nov- Feb
Associate Species
17 Acrosticum aureum L. Akur E MED
Derris heterophylla
18
Wiild. Back E LOW Jan-May
Clerodendrum inerme
19
(L) Gart.
LO-LOW
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix D (iii) F 08C-08
A. ESI MAPPING: MANGROVES :BIRDS

Sr. LOCAL
SPECIES NAME COMMON NAME CONCERN
N0 NAME T/E# M/L^ Nesting Laying Hatching
HI/MED/LO*
1 Phalacrocorax niger Little Cormorant M/L
2 P. Carbo Great Cormorant M
3 Casmerodius albus Large Egret M
4 Egretta Garzetta Little Egret L
5 alcedo Atthis Small Blue Kingfisher L
6 Halcyon Smyrensis White Breasted KingFisher L
7 H. Pileata Black Capped Kingfisher L
8 Todiramphus chloris Collard Kingfisher L
Phalacrocorax
9
fuscicollis Indian Shag M
10 Egretta gularis Western Reef Egret L
11 Gallirallus Striatus Blue Brested rail L
Eudynamys
12
scolopacea Asian Koel L
13 Psittacula Krameri Rose Ringed Parakeet L
14 Acridotheres tristis Common myna L
15 A. Fuscus Jungle myna L
16 Haliastur Indicus Brahminy Kite L
Streptopelia
17
chinensis Spotted Dove L
18 Ardeola grayii Pond Heron L
19 A. Cinera Grey Heron M/L
Mycteria
20
Leucocephala Painted Stork M/L

LO-LOW
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix D (iii) F 08D-08
ESI MAPPING: Mangroves: FISHES

Sr. COMMON LOCAL
SPECIES NAME
N0 NAME NAME CONCERN
T/E# M/L^ HI/MED/ EGGS LARVAE JUVENILE ADULTS BREEDING
LO*
Etroplus suratensis
1 (bloch) Pearl Spot Kalunda T MED
Scatophygus argus
2 (lin.) Spotes Scat E MED
Plectorhinchus Harry Hot
3 gibbosus (laceped) Lips E MED
Gerras Filamentesus
4 (Cuvier) Shetka E MED
Acanthopagus berda
5 (Forsskal) E MED
Letas Calcarifer
6 (Bloch) Giant Perch Chonok T HI
7 Mugil cephalus Mullet Shevte T HI
Sand
8 Sillago Sihama Whiting Muddosi T HI
9 Lutiamus Lineolantus Snapper Tamoso T HI
Epinephalus
10 malabaricus Grouper Gobro T HI
Eleutheronama
11 tetradatylus Thread fin Rawas T HI
Hemiramphus
12 Xanthopterus Half beak Tonki E MED
13 Opisthopterus tardoor herring Patchali E MED
14 Carageides Oblongus Trevelly Konkar E MED
Osteogeneiosus
15 Militaris Cat Fish Sangot E MED
16 Eleotris muralis Kharchani MED
Mud
17 Skippers
LO-LOW
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix D (iv)
Important Archaeological and Tourism sites in Goa
Source: Tourism Dept.

Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix E
MAJOR PORTS/ MINOR PORTS /LOADING JETTIES
Sr. No MAJOR PORT LOCATION

1 MAJOR PORT
a MPT Vasco, Marmugao
2 MINOR PORT
a Jetty Nr.COP office
b Steamer Jetty
c Patto Jetty Panaji
d Marine slipway
e Maritime School Jetty
f Betim Jetty Betim,Bardez
g Betul Jetty Betul,Salcette
h Talpona Canacona
I Shapora Shapora, Bardez
3 JETTIES
1 M/s Sesa Goa Ltd Curchorem/ Quepem
2 M/s V.S. Dempo & Co Curchorem/ Quepem
3 M/s Agencia C. Maritima Curchorem/ Quepem
4 M/s G. N Agarwal Curchorem/ Quepem
5 M/s Timblo & Co. Pvt. Ltd Shelvona/Quepem
6 M/s Chowgule & Co. Pvt. Ltd Shelvona/Quepem
7 M/s Pandurang T. Industries Capxem/Digas,Panchawadi,Ponda
8 M/s Pandurang T. Industries Shelvona, Quepem
9 M/s Emo Goa Pvt. Ltd-Jetty No. 1 Capxem/Digas,Panchawadi,Ponda
11 M/s Rajaram N. S. Bandekar & Co. Curchorem/ Quepem
12 M/s Sociedade Da Fomento Industrial Pvt. Ltd Capxem/Digas,Panchawadi,Ponda
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix F
STAKEHOLDER TRAINING STATUS
Sr.No Stakeholder D C B A
1. Bharat Petroleum Corpora!on Not A"ended A"ended Not A"ended Not A"ended
Limited
2. Hindustan Petroleum Corpora!on A"ended A"ended Not A"ended Not A"ended
Limited
3. Indian Oil Corpora!on Limited A"ended A"ended Not A"ended Not A"ended
4. Mormugao Port Trust, A"ended A"ended A"ended Not A"ended
5. Zuari Indian Oil Tanking, Oil A"ended A"ended Not A"ended Not A"ended
Terminal
6. Indian Coast Guard Not Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
7. TERI Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
8. Goa Tourism Department Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
9. Collectorate, North Goa Not Attended Not Attended Not Attended
10. Collectorate, South Goa Attended Not Attended Not Attended Not Attended
11. The Director, Directorate of Attended Attended Attended Not Attended
Fisheries
12. Goa Coastal Zone Management Not Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
Authority
13. Water Resources Department Not Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
14. The Chief Conservator of Forest Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
15. Indian Mollasses Ltd. Attended - - -
16. Superintendent of Police Not Attended Attended Attended Not Attended
17. Fire & Emergency Services Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
18. Captain of Ports Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
19. National Institute of Oceanography Not Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
20. Directorate of Health and Services Not Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
21. Town & Country Planning Not Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
22. Directorate of Animal Husbandary Not Attended Attended Not Attended Not Attended
& Veterinary Services
23. Goa State Pollution Control Board, Attended Attended Attended Attended
Panaji Goa
D: Training on Oil Spill Management Health & Safety at IPSHEM-ONGC, Betul on 29-30th
December2014
C: General Training program on Oil Spill awareness at National Institute of Oceanography, Dona
Paula, Goa on 12-13th June 2014.
B: IMO OPRC level I training at the Coast Guard Pollution Response Team (West) Mumbai from
21st 25th October 2013
A: IMO OPRC level II training at the Coast Guard Pollution Response Team (East) Chennai from
26th 30th August 2013
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix G
FISH LANDING SITES

NORTH GOA SOUTH GOA
I- MAJOR I- MAJOR
1. Malim- Bardez, Goa 1. Khrowada-Vasco, Goa
2. Chapora, Bardez, Goa 2. Cutbona- Salcete, Goa
3. Betul- Salcete, Goa
4. Talpona- Canacona, Goa
II- MEDIUM II- MEDIUM
1. Siridao- Tiswadi, Goa 1. Cansaulim-Mormugao, Goa
2. Morjim- Pernem, Goa 2. Baina- Mormugao, Goa
3. Siolim- Bardez, Goa 3. Velsao- Mormugao, Goa
4. Arambol- Pernem, Goa 4. Benaulim- Salcete, Goa
5. Colva- Salcete, Goa
6. Cortalim- Salcete, Goa
7. Agonda- Canacona, Goa
8. Palolem-Canacona, Goa
III- MINOR III- MINOR
1. Nauxi-Tiswadi, Goa 1. Cansaulim- Mormugao, Goa
2. Mandrem-Pernem, Goa 2. Izzosim- Mormugao, Goa
3. Calangute- Bardez, Goa 3. Majorda- Mormugao, Goa
4. Candolim- Bardez, Goa 4. Bogmalo- Mormugao, Goa
5. Cavelossim- Mormugao, Goa
6. Varca- Salcete, Goa
7. Saleri- Canacona, Goa
8. Nuvem-Matvem- Canacona, Goa
9. Galgibag- Canacona, Goa
10. Pollem- Canacona, Goa
11. Mashem- Canacona, Goa
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix H
ROAD TRANSPORTATION AND SHORELINE ACCESS
Source: www.indtravel.com
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-I
GUIDELINES FOR USE OF DISPERSANTS
1. Once an oil spill occurs, time is of the essence, particularly in regard to the use of dispersant.
Agreements and period approval for dispersant use are essential to facilitate a successful response.
Spill response personnel are to seek Indian Coast Guard approval for use of dispersant prior use.
To cut down on time which is the essence, each facility/response centre should submit their
Dispersant usage plan to the Coast Guard & National Institute of oceanography (NIO) (Refer
Format No.02-02 Oil Spill Dispersant (OSD) for sanction and approval. The type of dispersant
to be stocked should also be vetted by the Coast Guard Headquarters. (Refer Supplement K:
Policy & Guidelines for Oil Spill Dispersants (OSD) in Indian Waters and Supplement J:List
of approved OSD .
2. The first step is to collect as much information as possible on the oil characteristics of the oil, and
the current and predicted weather/wind conditions. A key question will be whether a shoreline or
sensitive resource is threatened. If there is no threat, surveillance of the oil should continue, since
it should always be borne in mind that conditions might change quickly.
3. If a sensitive resource is threatened, all response options in the contingency plan should be
considered. Some options can be quickly eliminated due to size/location/weather/logistics. In
some cases, one or more of the options may be appropriate to achieve the best possibility of
minimising the environmental impact of the spill. Different areas of the slick may be handled
with different response techniques.
4. The anticipated effectiveness of each response technique should be considered in the net
environmental benefit analysis. Based on the net environmental benefit analysis, one or more
response options will be selected. If approvals are needed- for example, for use of dispersant or
for in-situ burning-they must be obtained within hours. Therefore, a mechanism for approvals
must be available in advance. Preparations to mobilize equipment and plans to carry out options
that need approval should begin before the actual approval is obtained, to save time.
5. Four options are considered-that is, mechanical recovery, dispersant use, in-situ burning, and
allowing the oil to come ashore. If this last option is chosen, consideration should be given
to protecting sensitive shorelines by booming and to how the shoreline will be cleaned. The
expected effectiveness (or range of effectiveness) for each option should be estimated, based on
the available equipment, weather conditions and logistics of the spill.
6. Surveillance and monitoring of the effectiveness of the response options should continue
throughout the operation. If the effectiveness is not as expected, the spill response should be
modified to ensure that money, time and effort are not wasted.
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Application
7. Due to weathering of the oil there is a short time window during which dispersant works efficiently.
This is generally in the order of 24 hrs. to a few days ( in case of any instantaneous release).
Treatment operations should therefore start as soon as possible, taking due consideration that
depth available is > 15mtrs and wind speed is >25 knots distance from shoreline is > 5 nautical
mile.
8. The efficiency of dispersant treatment is also closely related to the way the dispersant is applied.
Poor treatment results have often been related to
9. The choices of the application method and the operational procedures have to be carefully
considered.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ON DISPERSANT APPLICATION AT SEA
10. For an effective treatment, the dispersant must be applied to the oil
(a) In sufficient quantities to account for product losses, and
(b) By means of a spray, to obtain a uniform distribution of dispersant over the oil and good
dispersant/oil contact.
11. This can be achieved by using specialised equipment that has been routinely serviced
12. The quantity of concentrated dispersant required is proportional to the amount of pollutant to be
treated. Typical dispersant-to-oil ratios vary from about 1:10 to 1:20 for concentrate dispersant,
and 1:1 to 1:3 for hydrocarbon-based dispersant. The manufacturers recommendations should
be referred to when determining the proper dispersant-oil ratio.
13. However, it is very difficult to determine the quantities of oil to be treated in a given area since oil
spilled at sea can quickly spread to occupy large areas over which there is considerable variation
in thickness.
14. The fineness of the spray is an important parameter for ensuring even distribution and maximum
dispersant/oil contact. Obtaining the correct spray fineness will prevent:
(a) Large dispersant droplets from sinking and thus being lost in the water beneath the slick.
Dispersant which are denser than sea water or which are the water-based types tend to
sink.
(b) Droplets which are too fine from being deflected from the targeted oil by the wind.
15. Drops with an average diameter of 400 to 700 um are usually recommended.
16. Concentrate dispersant can sometimes by applied pre-diluted in sea water. However, neat
application is strongly recommended, as it is more efficient.
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-J
LIST OF OIL DISPERSANTS (OSD) APPROVED FOR USE IN INDIAN WATERS
The NIO (Refer Format No. F 02-02 OSD Certificate) and Coast Guard( Refer Supplement J) approved
list of oil spill dispersants (OSD) are enumerated below.
Type II - Water dilutable (1 part of dispersant: 10 parts of Type III - Concentrate (to be used neat in the
ratio 1 sea water is to be used in the ratio 1 part of diluted part of dispersant : 25 parts of oil)
dispersant: 2-3 parts of oil)
Sl no Oil Spill Dispersant Approval holder Contact Numbers Authority
1. FINASOL OSR 52 Total Oil India Pvt Ltd 022- 67232500 NIO, Goa letter
Concentrate 3rd Floor NIO/TSP-01/2014
Type 2/3 The Leela Galleria 022-67232600 (Fax) dated 14 Feb 2014
Andheri-Kurla Road
Andheri(East)
Mumbai- 400 059
2. Nova OSD Nova Chemicals 022- 22693999 NIO, Goa letter

Concentrate Office No. 8, 3 NIO/CON-03/2010
Type 2/3 rd floor 022- CNP 2356 dated
148, Shaheen Chambers 22621969(Fax) 07 Apr 2010
Modi Street, Fort
Mumbai- 400 001
3. Rochem Rochem India Pvt Ltd 022 - 67049000 NIO, Goa letter
Concentrate 101, Dheeraj Arma NIO/TSP-05/2014
Type 2/3 Anant Kanekar Marg 022- 67049077(Fax) dated 27 Mar 2014
Bandra (East)
Mumbai 400 051
4. Slickgone NS Dasic International +44 1794 512419 NIO, Goa letter

Concentrate Type 2/3 Ltd, Winchester Hill, NIO/TSP-02/2014
Romsey,Hampshire, S051 7YD, +44 1794 dated 03 Mar 2014
United Kingdom 522346(fax)
5. Spilcare-ADT Spilcare O-Metaclen Pvt Ltd 044- 26200482 NIO, Goa letter
OSD AB-146, 3rd Main Road NIO/CON-02/2010
Type 2/3 Anna Nagar 044- 26281457(Fax) dated 10 Feb 2010
Chennai- 600 040
Source: Appendix S2 to NOS-DCP 2014 , EP/0761/OSD dtd 01 July14 amended 29th September2014
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
ICG requirements for selection of OSD :
Physical State : Flowing clear and homogenous liquid free from suspended solid.
Stability : Between 100-90%
Efficiency : Above 60% for Type-III
Above 50% for Type-II after dilution
Flash Point : 60C Minimum
Cloud Point : 0 to -5C
Shelf Life : 5 to 10 years
Validity : Should be in possession of valid NIO evaluation certificate
Date of Manufacture : Within 3 months of date of supply
Toxicity Level:
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-K
PREDICTION OF OIL SPILL MOVEMENT
The main factors affecting the fate of spilled oil are :
(i) Oil properties- surface tension, specific gravity, temperature;
(ii) spreading;
(iii) advection - waves, winds and current ; and
(iv) weathering.
Calculating Movement
Oil will move at approximately 3.5% of the wind velocity and at the surface current velocity. In the
presence of wind and currents, it is generally accepted to add their effects vector ally. The procedure for
vector addiction is given below. This provides only an estimate of slick movement and so should not be
considered absolute.
Prediction of Slick Movement by Vector Addiction
Vw = Wind Speed vector x 0.35 (knots)
Vc = Water current speed vector (knots)
Vs = Slick speed vector (knots)
O = Point of discharge
Procedure
(a) Plot location of spill at point O.
(b) Layout Vw and Vc from known heading, using the same scale for both vector lengths.
(c) Draw line parallel to Vw at the time of Vc (A-A) and a line parallel to Vc at the tip of Vw (B-B).
(d) Draw a line connecting O and the intersection A-A, B-B. This is Vs.
(e) Measure the length of Vs and determine speed in knots from scale.
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix L-(a)
CLEAN-UP GUIDELINES FOR VARIOUS SHORELINE TYPES-DOs and DONTs
1. Different clean-up techniques will have to be used for different coastal formations, existing in the
state, dictating in turn the manpower requirements. The following paragraphs give a rough guide on
what should be done (and what should be avoided) w.r.t. a specific type of coastline.
2. In many cases a Leave-alone action may be the ecologically most desirable clean-up procedure,
especially in biologically sensitive areas (e.g. marshes) where further human interference may be of
little ecological benefit. On the other hand, amenity beaches, industrial installations, etc. are easier to
clean and the ecological impact of mistakes made during a clean-up such areas is limited.
3. Emotions and local sentiments after a spill incident many compel a spill response team to be seen to be
taking action. For this reason, clean-up operations should be directed towards those high-priority areas
that have been identified in advance (i.e. in the contingency plan). If there is some initial question as
to the best response options in ecologically sensitive areas, preference can be given towards amenity
areas that are less ecologically sensitive until sound advice is available on the optimum action to be
taken.
4. Even where adjacent coastal formations vary significantly, (for instance beaches interspersed with
rocky stretches) the interaction between such adjacent polluted areas should be borne in mind. For
the same reason protective booming of extremely sensitive spots should continue for some time after
the original spill has landed.
What to do What to avoid

Consider amenity usage of affected beach, Do not over-clean especially do not remove more
influence of season and ecological advice to sand and substrata than is absolutely necessary
determine degree of optimal clean-up
Bear in mind that under unfavourable conditions Do not let machinery or people run over contaminated
a second clean-up may become necessary beaches prior to cleaning
Avoid workers becoming demoralized by the re-
oiling of already-cleaned beaches
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix L-(a)
If dispersants or other chemicals are allowed, Do not use undiluted dispersant concentrates. If
apply them with incoming tide possible, avoid use of fresh water to hose down
dispersants.
Use manual labour to gather oil and oily sand.
There is nothing like manual labour to accurately Avoid using earth moving machinery; where possible
remove oil and oiled sand. do not pile oily debris or plough it into the ground.
Raking of the top layer of sand is however an Avoid driving the oil into inaccessible areas or tidal
appropriate way to accelerate biodegradation. and sub-tidal zones.
Collect floating oil along beach when possible Avoid allowing floating oil moving away from the
(e.g. in calm situations), perhaps using boom beach and contaminating other areas.
and skimmers
When large amounts of oil are present, consider Avoid placing troughs in tidal areas unless they can
directing the oil into lined collection troughs be emptied between tides.
from which it can be pumped away by vacuum
trucks
If available, consider using a beach cleaning Avoid mixing oil into the beach that could easily be
machine to remove oiled debris, keeping in mind removed with manual labour (e.g. thick sheets of oil
that such machines are not designed for large on the sand surface)
debris (e.g. drift wood) or small debris (e.g. tar
balls). One option may be to use machine before
the oil lands in order to eliminate flotsam and
other

debris.
Consider surf washing and/or tiling for Avoid pushing heavy (black) oils back into the sea as
contamination by light oils (e.g. diesel or gas these may just contaminate other areas. Do not push
oil) any oil back to sea if there is little wave energy to
disperse it
Decide whether on-site disposal e.g by mobile Do not destroy vegetation bordering the beach more
incinerators is possible; if not, arrange transport than absolutely necessary; rather, accept slightly
or temporary storage oiled spots. Avoid displacing rocks embedded in
beach
SCATTERED ROCKS AND TIDAL POOLS
Remove bulk oil where possible, perhaps using Avoid remobilization of bulk oil. Avoid damaging
surface skimmers at high tides or appropriate booms and skimmers in rocky areas
skimmers at other times (e.g. rope mop across
rocky pool areas).
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
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Attempt cleaning by combining hosing with use Do not spray freshwater on rocks. Avoid removing
of diluted dispersants and mechanical removal. bedrock
Sorbents can be used in tidal pools at low tide -
and retrieved before the tide returns
If adjacent areas are ecologically sensitive or -
are already cleaned, consider the deployment
of booms, skimmers, sorbents, etc. to contain
leaking oil.
Pay attention to safety of personnel affected
by tides
Clean to a level that addresses the ecological Do not over-clean. Many inter-tidal organisms might
trade-offs be killed in cleaning tat would otherwise survive with
residual oil contamination
SALT MARSHES
What to do What not to do
Where reasonable, give priority to protection Avoid any cosmetic clean-up procedures
by booming, etc. Use propane gas gun or
similar device to scare away birds
Consult experts familiar with the ecology, the
wildlife and the seasonal cycle of the area as to
what precise clean-up should be attempted
Water flooding with low pressure water may -
help to remove oil
Consider use of organic sorbents (e.g. peat, -
straw, etc.) which could be left in place without
recovery. This will help minimize bird oiling.
In case of doubt, minimize interference with Do not enter marshes with heavy machinery or large
natural cleansing processes teams of clean-up workers
Remove temporary access roads after use, Avoid erosion and other long-term changes to area.
repair damages to marsh

substrate as far as possible
MUDDY COASTS
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Consult local experts familiar with the ecology Do not use heavy machinery or let people trample over
of the coastline as to which areas should the oiled area
be treated. In many cases a leave alone
action will be the ecologically most desirable
solution
It possible, patches of oil may be removed by Avoid forcing oil into the ground; this will retard
surface skimmers adjusted to these special biodegradation
circumstances.
Under favourable circumstances the use of Avoid applying sorbents that will or can not be
sorbents may be considered, especially if recovered
isolated concentrations of oil are accessible
Where approved use light mechanical -
equipment (non sparking spades and shovels)
for manual cleaning
Remove matting if used and break open Avoid changing the hydrological profile of the area
temporary roads after work is complete
ESTUARIES
What to do What not to do

Reduce the inflow of oil by whatever practical Avoid overambitious booming
means available, (booms,

closing of tidal locks, etc.) and use the
outgoing tide to support cleaning action
Collect and/or disperse free floating oil at the -
earliest possible stage.
Employ clean-up techniques described on Carefully avoid damage to sea walls, dikes, etc., bearing
other pages of this section in accordance in mind that tidal movements in estuaries can be more
with specific local conditions (e.g. for fishery pronounced than in open sea
harbours, marines, etc.)
Employ inland clean-up techniques in small Do not obstruct local waterborne traffic more than
estuaries or upper reaches of the larger river necessary
mouths
Check backwaters and side-streams of rivers -
for re-pollution potential
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ANNEXURE-L-(b)
GUIDELINES FOR SHORE-LINE CLEAN-UP
INTRODUCTION
From past experience, it is likely that regardless of response measures taken at sea, some oil will reach
the coast. This can result in contamination of the shoreline, and cleaning operations may be necessary
to allow the coast to recover its natural state and socio-economic value. The decision whether or not
to clean the affected shore-line will depend on factors such as:
(a) The impact of stranded oil on the environment;
(b) The impact of stranded oil on commercial activities;
(c) The possibility that stranded oil might contaminate another part of the shore-line;
(d) The feasibility of clean-up operations.
2. The choice of the best method and appropriate equipment in each case will be determined by the
factors such as:
(a) Nature, amount and distribution of stranded oil
(b) Type of coastline
(c) Tidal range
(d) Meteorological conditions
(e) Period of the year
(f) Accessibility of the contaminated areas for heavy equipment
(g) Availability of personnel and equipment
(h) Collection rate and effectiveness of available equipment
(i) Impact of cleaning operations on the environment
(j) Availability of local transport, storage and treatment facilities for the recovered material
(k) Costs
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Contd... Appendix L-(b)

(l) National policy.
3. The technique employed may range from manual clean-up to the use of specialised cleaning equipment.
Different methods have to be selected as the clean-up progresses.
4. The decision whether or not to clean the shore-line and the selection of techniques to be used should
be made in advance as part of the contingency plan for the area. Delay could allow the oil to become
mixed with sand and adhere to rocks or vegetation. The pollutant could spread and penetrate further
into the beach material, consequently increasing the difficulty and costs of cleaning.
METHODS OF REMOVING OIL FROM SHORE-LINES
5. Cleaning of shore-lines is usually carried out in two stages:

(a) The primary phase, which consists of removal of floating oil and heavy contamination as
soon as possible in order to avoid further pollution;
(b) The final cleaning phase, which is to removal the final traces of oil and oil stains.
COLLECTION OF STRANDED OIL
6. This can involve pumping, mechanical or manual removal of oil, or the use of specialized collection
equipment.
PUMPING/SKIMMING OIL
7. Pumping liquid oil is the easiest way of collection. Vacuum devices are the most efficient way of
pumping oil because the pollutant, which generally contains debris and sand, need not come into
contact with the pump mechanism. Industrial, sanitary or agricultural vacuum trucks can be used to
pump oil from open water or pools provided there is good access to the beaches. The efficiency of
pumping equipment may be increased by attaching a flattened (fish tail) suction head to the hose,
which permits the collection of thin layers of oil. A specialized suction head may be attached to the
vacuum truck to allow continuous pumping. Other portable vacuum devices, especially designed to
collect oil, are now available in the market. Other pumping methods may be useful if the depth of
the oil is sufficient, although the pump must have high tolerance to solids. The throughput of such
pumping devices varies from 15 m3/day to 100 m3/day or more.
8. The oil sucked or pumped directly from the beach or at the waters edge through hoses into collection
vessels. Entrapment of air into the hoses will often reduce efficiency and should be avoided, except
in the case of very viscose oil, where entrained air or water can assist the flow through the hoses. If
flattened suction heads are mounted on vacuum trucks, the trucks may drive along the beach at the
edge of the oil, although it should first be ascertained that the beach is firm enough to support the
weight of the loaded trucks.
Alternatively, oil can be scraped into trenches dug into the sand, from whence it can be pumped.
9. Depending on local conditions, various types of earth-moving machinery such as graders, bulldozers,
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scrapers and front-end loaders can be used. On large accessible beaches, such machines can handle
up to 250 m3/ day of oiled sand, but selectivity is low, typically 1% to 5% of oil in sand, especially
on this layers of oil. Furthermore, the use of these heavy machines can result in the mixing of the oil
into the beach. Wherever possible the use of tracked vehicles should be avoided and care must be
exercised to ensure that excessive removal of sand does not result in beach erosion.
10. This method is not recommended for sensitive areas, but might be applicable in the case of heavy
pollution of recreational beaches.
11. The oiled material is usually skimmed by graders into ridges parallel to the shore-line, working down
from the top of the beach. Front-end loaders or elevating scrapers then pick it up. Heavy equipment
must not cross areas which have been cleared in this way more than necessary, to avoid mixing the
remaining oil further into the sand.
12. Various specialized devices for picking up stranded or floating oil are available. they include:
(a) Adhesion: oil is picked up on a roller surface;
(b) Scraping; oiled surface layer of beach is removed with a blade;
(c) Scooping: an elevating belt scoops the oil from the beach or water.
13. Generally, separation of the collected material is achieved by seiving (sediment/tar balls) or by gravity
(oil/ water). These devices can deal effectively with fresh and viscous oil on sandy beaches.
14. The precise method of use depends on the equipment, but it usually operates alongside the oil, parallel
to the surf line, from the clean side of the beach. The oil picked up is then either conveyed directly to
a vehicle alongside, or into temporary storage.
MANUAL REMOVAL OF OILED MATERIAL
15. Manual collection has wide application and can be used on any type of coastline but is particularly
appropriate for sensitive and inaccessible areas. It is more selective than techniques involving heavy
machinery, but productivity is low (upto 2m3/day per person).The recovery of manually cleaned areas
tends to be more rapid, due to less physical disturbance.
16. Oiled material is collected with non sparking rakes, shovels or scrapers, depending on the type and
form of pollution. It is then transported either using vehicles, or manually, in dustbins or heavy gauge
plastic bags. If bags or bins are to be removed manually they should not be overloaded.
WASHING IN THE SURF ZONE
17. This technique can be used to clean lightly contaminated boulders, cobble, pebble and gravel.It is
particularly appropriate before or during those seasons when storms and heavy seas are expected. The
contaminated material is pushed into the surf where wave action and abrasion will remove the oil.
Material which is pushed into the sea will eventually be returned to the beach by natural wave and
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tidal movements, but the method could result in a change of beach profile.
18. A grader pushes the contaminated material directly into the surf zone. The grader is then reversed along
the cleaned path and repositioned in such a way that a second path is cut parallel to and overlapping
the first one.
NATURAL RECOVERY
19. In certain cases, the only practical option, will be to leave stranded oil to dissipate naturally. This may
be justifiable in areas of very high ecological sensitivity in which any clean-up operation is likely
to cause more damage than the oil itself. Alternatively, it may be applicable in areas of insignificant
commercial or environmental importance especially those exposed to rough sea conditions where
natural cleaning may be rapid. Oil may have to be left to degrade naturally if access to the contaminated
areas is difficult.
20. Periodic monitoring is recommended in order to measure the rate of natural degradation or cleaning
of the oiled areas. Notices should be posted warning the public of the presence of stranded oil.
FINAL CLEANING
21. Beach cleaners. Beach cleaning machines have been specially designed for cleaning recreational
beaches polluted by litter and other solid debris. They are also suitable for the collection of solid oil in
the form of tar balls and lumps. They can be self-propelled or towed by a tractor. The most common
operating principle is the removal of the top layer of the polluted beach followed by separation of the
pollutant from the sand by saving. Beach cleaners typically operate at a speed of 3 to 10 km/h, which
corresponds to a working area of 5,000 to 15,000 m2 per hour. The operation of these devices should
be in a similar manner to the use of earth moving machinery and specialised collection equipment, i.e.
working from the top of the polluted beach towards the water.
22. Low pressure flushing. Flooding the beach with sea water can be used to float away fluid oils from
practically any type of beach with a high water table. Provided the substratum is not significantly
disturbed, the technique can be used in some sensitive areas. Since the oil displaced could contaminate
another part of the shore-line, it should be contained by booms or channeled to collection sumps and
recovered by skimmers, pumps or vacuum units. Since high pressure hosting may cause the oil to
penetrate into the beach or damage flora and fauna, low pressure issued gently to flood the beach.
Flushing should begin at the highest contaminated point and continue towards the waters edge.
Efficiency can be improved by digging shallow parallel trenches to collect the oil and water.
23. High pressure hot water washing. The use of high pressure hot water jets is sometimes used to
remove weathered oil from hard surfaces. Suitable equipment delivers water at a pressure ranging
between 80 to 150 bars and a temperature between 60 Deg C and 95 Deg C. The use of sea water is
not recommended and a plentiful supply of fresh water is required. Some devices can also deliver
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steam at 150 Deg C and 20 bars, but it appears that in practice steam cleaning is less efficient than hot
water cleaning. High pressure washing should only be used on hard surfaces such as rocky shores,
boulders and artificial structures. The technique is less efficient on very weathered oil. The washing
should begin at the top of the surface which has to be cleared and proceed downwards to its base,
Bunds, trenches or booms should be used to concentrate the oil and water mixture before collection.
This technique will destroy most of the marine biota living on the surface.
24. Sand or grit blasting. This method can be very efficient on flat hard areas, such as artificial structures
and leaves a very clean finish, but the displaced oil, sand and surface material needs to be collected.
On a rocky shore, the collection of waste is very difficult. There is a risk of silicosis from this method
and in some countries the use of sand is prohibited. Clean-up should proceed from top downwards.
People using this equipment or nearby must be protected and operators properly trained to avoid
damaging artificial structures. Removed material can be picked up from the beach by manual or
mechanical means.
25. Use of dispersants. Dispersant are approved in some countries for use on beaches to facilitate the final
cleaning. The efficiency is limited by the viscosity of the oil, although to a much lesser extent than at
sea, and the energy in the surf zone. Furthermore, environmental considerations will limit considerably
the use of dispersants in sensitive areas such as salt-marshes, mangroves, corals, estuaries, etc. They
should not be used near sea water intakes where the oil could be carried further into the substrate, e.g.
cobbles and pebbles. Dispersant may be sprayed undiluted on polluted beach areas, from backpacks
or specialized equipment. In some countries aircraft are used. The oil may then either be dispersed by
flushing with sea water or left to tidal action.
The use of gelling agents to hold dispersant against the oil on vertical surfaces such as sea walls,
etc. can improve efficiency. In view of possible health hazards of dispersant, personal protective
equipment should be worn by the operators when applying dispersants.
26. Use of sorbents. Sorbents assists in the recovery of thin floating layers of oil after cleaning operations.
They can also be used to protect beaches from incoming oil or to collect oil dislodged by washing.
Sorbents may be spread manually or by using special application equipment. Oiled sorbents may be
collected manually or with recovery units, depending on the type and quantity to be picked up.
27. Aeration by harrowing or plugging. If a lightly contaminated sand or gravel beach has no recreational
value or is not in use at the time, oil can be left to degrade naturally. The rate of natural degradation
can be increased by aeration. A harrow, such as a disc plough or a rotavater towed by a tractor, is used
to achieve an even mixing of the contaminated layer of sand or gravel with clean beach substrata. This
method can be used only on beaches with sufficient load bearing capacity for agricultural machinery.
The harrow is operated along the entire length of the beach, parallel to the waters edge starting from
the backshore edge of the contaminated area.
The next path should be parallel to the first one and slightly overlapping it. The operation should be
Section No.: 09
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repeated from time to time.
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF WORK FORCES
28. Proper organization of the work force engaged in shore-line clean-up is vital to the success of the
operation. As a general rule a two tier organization structure is required as follows:
(a) A base or headquarters, which co-ordinates data concerning evaluation of the pollution,
efficiency of the cleaning operation, and organizes the allocation of resources on the polluted
shore-line;
(b) Working teams, with delineated area, which undertake the clean-up operations, assess the
situation on site and provide the base with the required data.
BASE
29. Organization. All clean-up operations should be directed by the on-scene commander of the response
team. Accordingly, a base should be easily accessible, signposted if necessary and equipped with the
necessary telecommunication equipment and basic office facilities. If possible, accommodation and
food for the members of the response team should be close to the base. For a prolonged operation,
establishment of a shift system may be necessary.
30. Communication. Permanent contact should be kept with all working teams involved in a shore-line
clean-up operation. Portable radio and radio-telephone systems are the most convenient means of
communication between working sites and headquarters.
Supervisors of these teams should report to the base once or twice daily. Telephones and telexes
should normally be used for communications over longer distances.
31. Surveillance. A good knowledge of the actual situation is essential for effective control of operations.
A mechanism for regular reporting of progress made by working teams should be established.
Availability of a helicopter or a fixed wing aircraft may prove to be an advantage in obtaining an
overall picture of the situation especially if more oil is expected to come ashore.
WORKING TEAM
32. Organization. Any area of operations, e.g. a stretch of shore-line, should be supervised by a responsible
person who reports the activities to headquarters and estimates daily resource requirements for clean-
up, temporary storage and disposal. Accommodation and food for the working teams, together with
first-aid facilities, must be provided close to the scene of operations. Public access to polluted areas
should be restricted during cleaning operations.
33. Training. It is often necessary to provide on-site training on appropriate techniques and use of
equipment. This is especially the case during a long operation, when the working teams may be
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changed.
34. Maintenance. Maintenance of equipment used in a the marine environment is necessary to avoid
mechanical failures. A mechanic should be available to assist operators in maintaining and repairing
equipment.
SITE RESTORATION
35. The final phase of cleaning shore-lines consists of repairing the damage caused to the environment by
oil contamination or the combating operations.
36. In all cases it is recommended that the advice of specialists be sought in choosing a way of restoring
the affected sites. The three main restoration techniques are mentioned below.
(a) Beach material replacement;
(b) Stabilization of sand dunes; and
(c) Replanting vegetation.
BEACH MATERIAL REPLACEMENT
37. On sandy beaches, the use of heavy machinery may disturb the beach profile which could lead to
erosion. This may be prevented by replacing removed substrata with clean material of approximately
the same particle size range. This will enhance the recovery of ecosystems in a sandy beach, where
fauna are highly dependent on granular sizes. Pebble banks often offer important protection against
coastal erosion. If they are pushed into the surf to remove oil, it is necessary to ensure that they will
be re-established by tide and wave action. If possible, it is recommended to use this method during
the beach accretion period. If not, action should be taken to replace the banks.
RESTORATION OF SAND DUNES
38. Sand dunes may be affected by the movement of heavy machinery, vehicles or people to and from
the beach. In order to limit damage, traffic must be directed along a few selected routes. After the
operation, these may have to be replanted and protected by limiting access. Specialists, according
to the types must make the choice of vegetation indigenous to the affected area. Planting of sand-
stabilizing grasses (Ipomeas) is generally recommended and commonly used in dune rehabilitation
program.
REPLANTING VEGETATION
39. As a first step, it is necessary to evaluate the nature of any damage in order to determine if natural
recovery is likely. If so, a monitoring program should be established to observe the rate of natural
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recovery. Re-vegetation may be advisable if;
(a) The affected area is used by rare or endangered species or migratory birds, lack of cover for a
season could endanger the biota;
(b) The marshland is exposed to erosion;
(c) The marshland is used for fishing, hunting or recreation.
40. Two techniques are available to restore marsh vegetation, each with its advantages and dis-
advantages:
(a) Seeding: Seeds can be sowed manually or by aircraft. This technique can be low cost but has
limitations; waves and currents may wash the seeds away before growth, migrating water birds
may damage young plants, and there will be some delay before the cover will be high enough to
protect wildlife and prevent erosion.
(b) Transplanting: This consists of planting young seedlings in cleaned area. Planting is done
manually, ensuring precise control concerning depth of planting, spacing between seedlings,
seasonal timing and tidal elevation, which required advice from experts.
This technique is labour intensive, but gives rapid results; it is advisable to concentrate on the most
important sites, i.e. those susceptible to erosion or providing special habitats.
MANGROVE RESTORATION
41. Restoration of mangroves following oil spill damage is feasible in some cases once the oil in and on the
sediments has weathered, although success to date has been variable. Success is dependent on expert
control as well as a range of natural factors such as wave action, tidal elevation and availability of
seeds/propagates or young seedlings. Several techniques have been used, including manual or aerial
sowing of seeds/propagates and transplanting of local or nursery seedlings. Planting is unlikely to be
feasible in remote locations or for restoring large areas. The sowing of seeds/propagates has greatest
potential since it is likely to cause least physical damage, and if obtained from local sources, minimal
logistic and equipment support is required.
CARE OF WILDLIFE
42. When an oil spill occurs, efforts should made to minimise direct and indirect effects on fish, sea
mammals and the most noticeably affected group, birds.
43. Aerial and boat surveillance should be conducted to determine where the mammals and birds are
concentrated and how the oil may affect them. Such surveillance should be conducted so as not
to cause unnecessary disturbance. Important mammal and bird feeding, resting and breeding areas
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can sometimes be protected by boom deployment. The sensitivity of coastal areas and priorities for
protection should be established by contingency plans.
44. Noise-making devices, such as propane scare cans, floating dummies and helium-filled balloons, and
other harassment methods have been effective in driving away some animals, particularly bird species
threatened by oil spills from bays, estuarine and river areas. c
45. The effective and humane treatment of oiled wildlife is much specialised matter and must be left to
experts assisted by trained personnel. Particular concerns to be borne in mind include the following.
Wildlife can be dangerous to handle and require specialized management. If capture and treatment
is necessary, it must be undertaken only by those with experience in appropriate immobilization and
anesthesia techniques and in the treatment of concomitant medical problems, such as zoo or wildlife
veterinarians or wildlife agency personnel.
46. Experience has demonstrated that oiled birds are generally free from disease when captured. However,
the potential for disease out breaks when in captivity means that they must be monitored as a
precautionary measure against transmission to wild population.
Veterinarians experienced in avian pharmacology must treat diseased wildlife. Rehabilitation centers
may have to be set up for cleaning and, if disease outbreaks occur, for quarantine. It must be stressed
that wildlife rehabilitation efforts must be conducted with the view that birds are only to be held
captive for a brief period of time. Released birds must be disease-free. Care must be taken to assure
that any medical treatment employed during rehabilitation does not later pose a threat to the health of
a hunter or predator, especially an endangered species, which may consume the bird released back to
the wild. For this same reason corpses should be disposed of properly.
Once a bird has been brought to a rehabilitation center, basic procedures should be followed. First,
oil is flushed from its eyes and intestines. Heavily oiled birds are wiped with absorbent cloths to
remove patches of oil. Rehabilitation workers also conduct an initial examination to detect broken
bones, cuts, or other injuries. Stomach-coating medicines may be administered orally to prevent
additional absorption of oil inside the bird's stomach. The bird is then warmed and placed in a quiet
area. Curtains are often hung around the area to limit the bird's contact with people. Nutrition is
essential for the recovery of oiled birds. Wild birds will generally learn to feed themselves from pans
or other containers as soon as they begin to feel healthy. In many cases, however, the birds must be
force-fed until they are able to feed on their own.
After a bird is alert, responsive, and stable, and its body's fluid balance restored to normal, detergent
is gently stroked into its feathers to remove the oil. An oiled bird may require three or more washings
to remove the oil entirely.
After its feathers are completely rinsed, the bird is placed in a clean holding pen lined with sheets
or towels. The pen is warmed with heat lamps, and surrounded with curtains to minimize human
Section No.: 09
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contact. If behavior appears normal and a bird's condition remains stable, it is allowed to swim. The
bird then begins to preen and realign its feathers to restore them to their original structure, helping
the bird to become waterproof again.
Before a bird can be released, it must "pass" the waterproofing test. That is, it must demonstrate
buoyancy (the ability to float) and water-repellency (the ability to keep water away from its body).
Once a bird passes the test, it is slowly exposed to temperatures comparable to outside weather. Its
weight and muscle structure should be average for its species, and it should show no signs of disease.
Rehabilitated birds may be banded and released early in the day to an appropriate habitat.
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Appendix-M
UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA (UNCLOS)
Article 221, Measures to avoid pollution arising from maritime casualties
Article 221 of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), gives States the right,
pursuant to international law, both customary and conventional, to take and enforce measures beyond
the territorial sea proportionate to the actual or threatened damage to protect their coastlines or related
interests, including fishing, from pollution or threat of casualty, which may reasonably be expected to
result in major harmful consequences. This article generalizes the above-mentioned 1969 Intervention
Convention and the 1973 Intervention Protocol.
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON SALVAGE, 1989
Application of the convention
1. International Convention on Salvage, 1989 (1989 Salvage Convention), replaces, for States which
become party to both, the 1910 Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law relating to
Assistant and Salvage at Sea ( Brussels Convention). A salvage operation means any act or activity
undertaken to assist a vessel or any other property in danger in navigable waters or in any other
waters. Any other property is defined as any property not permanently and internationally attached
to the shoreline and includes freight at risk. Also included in the definition are aircraft used in
salvage operations or even wrecks that might be salvaged. The Convention does not apply to the sea
only, but also to the inland waters of a State.
2. Some of the highlights of the Salvage Convention, 1989, are discussed in paragraphs.
Article 5(3), Salvage operations controlled by public authorities
3. Article 5(3) stipulates that the extent to which a public authority under a duty to perform salvage
operations might avail itself of the rights and remedies provided for shall be determined by the law
of the State where such authority is situated.
Article 6, Salvage contracts
4. According to article 6, the master shall have the authority to conclude contracts for salvage operations
on behalf of the owner of the vessel. The master or the owner of the vessel shall have the authority
to conclude such contracts on behalf of the owner of the property on board the vessel.
Article 8, Duties of the Salvor and of the owner and master
5. Article 8 imposes a duty on the salvor to exercise due care while carrying out salvage operations, to
Section No.: 09
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Contd... Appendix M
prevent to minimise damage to the environment.
Article 9, Rights of coastal States
6. Nothing in this Convention shall affect the right of the coastal State concerned to take measures in
accordance with generally recognised principles of international law to protect its coastline or related
interests from pollution or the threat of pollution following upon a maritime casualty or acts relating
to such a casualty which may reasonably be expected to result in major harmful consequences,
including the right of a coastal state to give directions in relation to salvage operations.
Article 14, Special compensation
7. The 1989 Salvage Convention keeps up the normal principle of no cure- no pay, but according to
article 14, who has carried out a salvage operation in respect of a vessel which by itself or its cargo
threatened damage to the environment and failed to earn reward because the operation has not had a
useful result, shall be entitled to a special compensation from the owner of that vessel equivalent to
the salvors expenses as herein defined. The special compensation might be increased up to of 30%
of the expenses incurred.
8. Also, upon the request of the salvor, a person liable for payment due under the Convention shall
provide satisfactory security for the claim, including interest and costs of the salvor.
International Conventions
Convention Objective
CLC PROT 1992 / Protocol of 1992 This convention provides for compensation
to amend International Convention for damaged, or response cost incurred, due
on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution to spills of persistent oils within a member
Damaged,1969 nations territorial sea or EEZ. Claims are
made against the vessel owner and insurers.
CLC is based on the principle of strict
liability, i.e., the vessel which spilled the oil
will pay regardless of fault
OPRC 1990, International This convention makes provision for
Convention on Oil Pollution contingency plans for ships, offshore
Prevention, Response and platforms, coastal terminals and ports, and for
Cooperation the development of national response plan
Its also encourages the development of
international cooperation in spill preparedness
and response
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
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Contd... Appendix M
MARPOL 73/78, International It sets out a wide range of procedures and ships
Convention for the Protection of design and operating requirements aimed at
Pollution from Ships 1973 as reducing pollution of the sea from ships
modified by the Protocol 1978. Annex 1 deals with oil pollution
London Convention 1972, This convention regulates the discharge of
Convention on the Prevention of waste, including oily waste, at sea
Marine Pollution by Dumping of
Waste and other Matter, 1972, as
amended
Intervention 1969, International This Convention affirms the right of a coastal
Convention relating to the State to take such measure on the high seas
intervention on the high seas in as may be necessary to prevent, mitigate, or
cases of oil pollution casualties, 1969 eliminate danger to its coastline or related
interest from pollution by oil or the threat
thereof, following a maritime casualty.
Federal Laws :
1. Environment Protection Rules 1986, as amended
i. Rule No. 3(A) states that .. emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from the
industries, operations or processes shall not exceed the relevant parameters and
standards specified in Schedule VI.
ii. Rule No. 86 provides water quality standards for marine coastal outfall based on its designated
best use
2. The storage, handling, transport and disposal of the oil collected should in line with the Hazardous
Wastes (Management,Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008.
i. Rule 2(b) ..wastes arising out of the operation from ships beyond five kilometres of the
relevant baseline as covered under the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 (44 of
1958) and the rules made thereunder
ii. Rule 3(l).. hazardous waste means any waste which by reason of any of its physical, chemical,
reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive characteristics causes danger or is likely to
cause danger to health orenvironment, whether alone or when in contact with other wastes or
substances, and shall include-
(i) waste specified under column (3) of Schedule-I,
(ii) wastes having constituents specified in Schedule-II if their concentration is equal to or more
than the limit indicated in the said Schedule, and
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix M
(iii) wastes specified in Part A or Part B of the Schedule-III in respect of import or export of such
wastes in accordance with rules 12, 13 and 14 or the wastes other than those specified in Part
A or Part B if they possess any of the hazardous characteris!cs specied in Part C of that
Schedule;
iii. Rule 3(h): environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes means taking all steps
required to ensure that the hazardous wastes are managed in a manner which shall protect
health and the environment against the adverse effects which may result from such waste;
iv. Rule 3(i) environmentally sound technologies means any technology approved by the Central
Government from time to time;
v. Rule 3(ze ) used oil means any oil-
(i) derived from crude oil or mixtures containing synthetic oil including used engine oil. gear oil,
hydraulic oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, industrial gear oil, heat transfer oil, transformer oil,
spent oil and their tank bottom sludges; and
(ii) suitable for reprocessing, if it meets the specification laid down in Part-A of Schedule-V but
does not include waste oil;
vi. Rule 3(zf) waste oil means any oil which includes spills of crude oil, emulsions, tank bottom
sludge and slop oil generated from petroleum refineries, installations or ships and can be used
as fuel in furnaces for energy recovery, if it meets the specifications laid down in Part-B of
Schedule-5 either as such or after reprocessing.
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-N
LIST OF INTERNATIONAL POLLUTION RESPONSE RESOURCE AGENCIES
OIL SPILL RESPONSE LIMITED (OSRL)
(For Response and Consultancy Enquiries)
Lower William Street
Southampton
SO14 5QE UK
Telephone : +44(0)23 8033 1551
Fax : +44(0) 23 8033 1972
Web : www.oilspillresonse. com
E-Mail : osrl@osrl.co.uk
EAST ASIA RESPONSE LIMITED, (EARL)
(For All Enquiries)
2, Jalan Samulun
Singapore-629120
Telephone : 00 65 266 1566
Fax : 00 65 266 2312
Web : www.earl.com.sg
E-Mail : admin@earl.com.sg
LIST OF INTERNATIONAL POLLUTION RESPONSE RESOURCE AGENCIES
OIL SPILL RESPONSE LIMITED (OSRL)
(For Response and Consultancy Enquiries)
Lower William Street
Southampton
SO14 5QE UK
Telephone : +44(0)23 8033 1551
Fax : +44(0) 23 8033 1972
Web : www.oilspillresonse. com
E-Mail : osrl@osrl.co.uk
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix N
EAST ASIA RESPONSE LIMITED, (EARL)
(For All Enquiries)
2, Jalan Samulun
Singapore-629120
Telephone : 00 65 266 1566
Fax : 00 65 266 2312
Web : www.earl.com.sg
E-Mail : admin@earl.com.sg
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-O(i)
POLLUTION RESPONSE RESOURCES

AVAILABLE FOR SHORELINE CLEANUP IN THE
STATE OF Goa
Sl. Place Agencies Resources

A. Panaji Panaji port Trust Captain of Ports Appendix O(iii)
Director General of Shipping Nil
B Vasco Mormugao Port Trust (MPT) Appendix O(ii)
Indian Coast Guard (West Coast-Goa) Appendix P
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOCL) Appendix O(iv)
Zuari Indian Oil Tanking (ZIOL) Appendix O(iv)
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd Nil
(BPCL)
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Nil
(HPC)
C. Velim ONGC Petroleum Nil
D. Goa State Governement Appendix O(iii)
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix O(ii)
DETAILS OF POLLUTION RESPONSE EQUIPMENTS AVAILABLE WITH PORT:

MAJOR PORT: MORMUGAO PORT TRUST
Tier I, Category A
SL.
EQUIPMENT PARTICULARS QUANTITY
NO.
(A) FLOATING RIGID OIL BOOM - 600 MTRS. WITH CONNECTION 01 NO.
(B) OIL DISPERSANT CHEMICAL SPRAY UNIT WITH ARMS (ONE 04 NOS.
PORTABLE AND THREE FIXED ON TUGS)
(C) OIL SKIMMER (CAPACITY 31.8 M3/HR) 01 NO.
(D) INCINERATOR (INSTALLED ON SHORE FOR DISPOSAL OF DRY 01 NO.
WASTE, OILY SLUDGE, GARBAGE ETC.) (CAPACITY xxxxx)
(E) DUMB BARGE FOR COLLECTING OIL (50 CU.M. CAPACITY) WITH 01 NO.
PUMPING FACILITY
(F) TRUCK (CAPACITY xxxxx) 01 NO.
(G) LAUNCH WITH CREW (CAPACITY xxxxx) 01 NO.
(H) DISPERSANT CHEMICAL (MSDS xxxxx) 4000 LTRS.
(J) SAW DUST (TO BE ARRANGE BY THE SHORE CLEANING 50 BAGS.
CONTRACTOR)
(K) TRUCK FOR DISPOSAL OF MATERIAL (TO BE ENGAGED BY 01 NO.
CLEANING CONTRACTOR)
(L) PLASTIC OIL CANS FOR COLLECTION OF SAMPLES OF POLLUTED (NOS xxxxx)
SEA WATER /BILGE WATER
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-O (iii)
CAPTAIN of PORTS
PANAJI PORT PVT LTD.
(Tier I, Category B)
Sr. No. Description Qty@
1 Boom 1000 mtrs 01 No.
2 Skimmer (20TPH) 04 Nos
3 Flex Barge ( 10 T) 02 Nos.
4 OSD Applicator 02 Nos
5 OSD 5000 Ltrs
6 Sorbent Boom pack 200 mtrs
7 Sorbent pads 1000 Nos
8 Manpower
@
Proposed to procure
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-O(iv)
Zuari Indian Oil Tanking LTD. (210/C)
Sr. No. Description Qty
1 Oil absorbent pillows 06 Nos
2 Oil Absorbent Sheets 50 Nos
3 Oil absorbent booms ( length??) 06 Nos
4 Manpower
Indian Oil Corporation Limited

Vasco
Sr. No. Description Qty
1 Oil Dispersant Chemicals 60 Ltrs
2 Oil Absorbent gauges ?? along with kits 50 Nos
3 Skimmers ( capacity ??) 02 Nos
4 Manpower
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-O(v)
STATE GOVERNMENT: EMERGENCY RESPONSE EQUIPMENT FOR OIL SPILL
Sr. No. Description Qty@

1 Trailer for housing shoreline response inventory 01
2 SAW DUST 4 BAGS
3 SHOVEL 2 NOS
4 Portable empty oil barrels of 200 Ltrs 05 NOS
5 Fencing / Inter tidal Boom to deploy at the estuarine /creek mouth 150 M
6 Tow Bridles for Booms 2 Nos.
7 Boom Repair Kit 1 No.
Oleophilic Hydraulic Disc Skimmer, Capacity 30 MT/hr complete
with the following.
Skimmer head with storage and transit cover
Hydraulic Power Pack
Hydraulic Hoses of suitable length for work. 1 No.
Discharge Hose kit suitable length for work with quick
disconnects fittings.
Tool Kit.
Spares
8 Oil adsorbent pads 100 Nos.
(Pending Purchase)
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-P
DETAILS OF OIL POLLUTION RESPONSE EQUIPMENT
HELD WITH COAST GUARD PRT(WEST), GOA
Sr. No. Description Qty:Nos
1 RO BOOM OSA 2000 WITH DECK REEL 04 04
2 RO BOOM POWERPACK (OLD) 03
3 RO BOOM POWERPACK (NEW) 03
4 VIKOMA HI-SPRINT WITH DECK REEL 04
VIKOMA HI-SPRINT BOOM AIR BLOWER
5 02
(HONDA)
6 VIKOMA SENTINAL BOOM 01
7 . VIKOMA AIR BLOWER (ECHO) 02
8 VIKOMA SENITAL BOOM DECK REEL 01
9 VIKOMA PN DIESAL HYDRAULIC POWERPACK 03
10 RO BOOM 610 (16 X 25) 16
11 AIR BLOWER FOR SL 10 04
12 BOOM WASHING CHAMBER 01
13 FRESH WATER CHEMICAL PUMP SET FOR SL 12 01
14 POWERPACK FOR SL 12 01
15 RO SET (SETTLING TANK) 01
16 RO CLEAN UNIT 01
16 RO CLEAN UNIT 01
17 BEACH CLEANING EQUIPMENT 01
18 HOT WATER CLEANER (KEW) 04
19 HOT WATER CLEANER (L & T) 01
20 CCN-100 OFF LOADING PUMP 01
21 POWERPACK FOR SL20 01
22 TC-3 AERIAL ARMS SET 04
23 TC-3 AERIAL SPRAY UNIT 04
24 SPILL SPRAY PUMP 05
25 SPILL SPRAY ARM (SET) 06
26 . WIDE SPRAY PUMP 02
27 OMI OIL MOP MK-II-9D 02
28 SS-50 DISK SKIMMER (VIKOMA) 04
29 POWERPACK FOR SL. 28 04
30 WELOSEP VERTEX SKIMMER 02
31 POWERPACK FOR SL.30 02
32 DESMI DESTROIL SKIMMER DS-250 05
33 . POWERPACK FOR SL.32 05
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
ContdAppendix P
34 DESMI DESTROIL SKIMMER DS-210 02
Sr. No. Description Qty:Nos

36 DUNLOP SALVAGE BARGE100 M3 02
37 DUNLOP SALVAGE BARGE 30 M3 03
38 LINDUCTOR OIL RECOVERY 02
39 VIKOMA SEA DEVIL SKIMMER 03
41 HYDRAULIC CONTROL FOR SL.30 03
42 HYDRAULIC HAND PALLET 03
43 HYDRAULIC DRUM LIFTER 01
44 HYDRAULIC POWER PACK LIFTER 01
45 PLATE FORM TROLLEY 01
46 FORK LIFT 01
47 OIL SPILL RESPONSE KIT 01 KOCHI
48 SEAVAC 330 HELI SKIMMER SYSTEM 01 - DO -
49 SPRAY POD 08 DAMAN
50 IR/UV SYSTEM 02(750 SQN)
51 TC-3 BUCKET WITH BOOM S/N 7584 01 - 841 SQN(CG)
52 OIL WATER SEPARATOR 01
53 DIESEL ENGINE VH-100 HD 01
54 ROP MOP SKIMMER 02

55 OIL SPILL KIT 02 VADINAR
56 DUNLOP DRAGON BARGE 03
57 SEA CURTAIN BOOM 2400 MTRS
58 SEA VAC HELI SKIMMER 01
Refer Supplement J: CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR COMBATING OIL POLLUTION OFF THE COAST
OF GOA
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix-Q
IMMEDIATE MEASURES TO BE UNDERTAKEN ON NOTICING OIL
POLLUTION ALONG THE COAST.
(I) DISTRICT LEVEL COMMITTEE

The District level Oil Spill Disaster Management committee shall be as follows under the chairmanship
of District Collector.
Chairman : District Collector
Members : Superintendent of Police
: Rep from Captain of Ports
: Representative , Coast Guard Dist.-11. (Goa)
: Inspector, Coastal Security Group
: Port Registration Officer
: Environment Engineer, GSPCB
: District Fire Officer
: District Medical Officer
: Municipal commissioner
: Assistant Director of Fisheries.
: Any other member as nominated by Chairman
(II) Notice under Article 356 J & 356 K of Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 has to be issued to the
polluter if the polluter is a marine craft.
1 .Where the Central Government is satisfied that -
(a) oil is escaping or is likely to escape from a tanker, ship other than a tanker or any off-shore
installation; and
(b) the oil so escaped or likely to escape is causing or threatens to cause pollution of any part of
coasts or coastal waters or India, it may, for the purpose of minimizing the pollution already
caused, or, for preventing the pollution threatened to be caused, require -
(i) The owner, agent, master or charterer of the tanker,
(ii) The owner, agent, master or charterer of the ship other than a tanker,
(iii) The owner, agent master, character or operator of a mobile offshore installation,
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix Q
(iv) the owner, operator, lessee or licensee of off-shore installation of any other type, or all or
any off them, be notice served on him or as the case may be on them, to take such action
in relation to the tanker,ship other than a tanker, mobile off-shore installation, or, as the case
may be, off-shore installation or any other type or its cargo or in relation to both, as may be
specified in such notice.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of sub-section(1) the notice issued under that sub-section may
require the person or persons on whom such notice is served to take action relating to any or all of
the following matters, namely :-
(a) Action for preventing the escape of oil from the tanker, ship other than a tanker, mobile off-
shore installation or off-shore installation of any other type;
(b) action for removing oil from the tanker, ship other than a tanker, mobile off-shore installation
or off-shore installation of any other type in such manner, if any, and to such place, if any, as
may be specified in the notice;
(c) action for removal of the tanker, ship other than a tanker, mobile off-shore installation or off-
shore installation of any other type to a place, if any, as may be specified in the notice;
(d) Action for removal of the oil slicks on the surface of the sea in such manner, if any, as may
be specified in the notice;
(e) Action to disperse the oil sticks on the surface of the sea in such manner, if any, as may be
specified in the notice;
(3) The Central Government may, by any notice issued under sub-section (1), prohibit the removal -
(a) Of the tanker, ship other than a tanker, mobile off-shore installation or off-shore installation
of any other type, from a place specified in the notice,
(b) From the tanker, ship other than a tanker, mobile off-shore installation or off-shore installation
of any other type, of any cargo or stores as may be specified in the notice. except with its
previous permission and upon such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the notice.
(4) Notwithstanding anything contain in sub-section (2), the Central Government may, if it is of the
opinion that the pollution caused or likely to be caused has or may present a grave emergency,
proceed to take such measures as may be deemed necessary and any measures so taken shall be
deemed to have been taken under section 356K.
Section 356K
(1) Where any person fails to comply, or fails to comply in part, with any notice served on him under
section 356J, the Central Government may, whether or not such person is convicted of an offence
under this Part by reason of his having so failed to comply, cause such action to be taken as it may
deem necessary for -
(i) Carrying out the directives given in the notice issued under section 356J; and
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix Q
(ii) Containing the pollution already caused or preventing the pollution threatened to be caused,
of coastal waters, or, as the case may be, of any part of the coast of India by oil escaped or
threatening to escape from the tanker, a ship other than a tanker, a mobile off-shore installation
or off-shore installation of any other type.
(2) Subject to the provisions of Part XB, any expenditure or liability incurred by the Central Government
in, or by reason of, the exercise of powers under sub-section (1) in relation to any tanker, ship other
than a tanker, mobile off-shore installation of off-shore installation of any other type in respect
of which a notice had been issued under section 356J, or its cargo of oil that had escaped or was
discharged into the sea, shall be a debt due to the Central Government by the person or persons on
whom the notice was served and may be recovered from that person, or as the case may be, from all
or any of those persons and shall be a charge upon all or any tanker, ship other than a tanker, mobile
off-shore installation or off- shore installation of any other type owned by that person or persons
which may be detained by the Central Government until the amount is paid. Provided that provisions
of Part XB of this Act shall not apply to measures taken in respect of any off-shore installation which
is not a ship within the meaning of this Act except that in the event of pollution damage caused by
any such off-shore installation the person who is liable for the damage may claim exoneration from,
any liability if he proves that such damage -
(a) Resulted from an act of war, hostilities, civil war, insurrection or a natural phenomenon of an
exceptional, inevitable and irrelatable character; or Powers to take measures for preventing
or containing oil pollution
(b) Was wholly caused by an act or omission done with intent to cause that damage by any other
person; or
(c) Was wholly caused by the negligence or other wrongful act of any government or other
authority responsible for the maintenance of lights or other navigational aids in exercise of
its functions in that behalf
(III) Notice under Judicial powers of District Magistrate has to be issued as per
The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPc)
133. Conditional order for removal of nuisance

(a) That any unlawful obstruction or nuisance should be removed from any public place or from
any way, river or channel, which is or may be lawfully used by the public: or
Explanation. A "public place" includes also property belonging to the state, camping grounds
and grounds left unoccupied for sanitary or recreative purposes.
(IV) Notice under Judicial powers of District Magistrate has to be issued as per Indian Penal Code
(IPC)
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix Q
Section 280. Rash navigation of vessel
Whoever navigates any vessel in a manner so rash or negligent as to endanger human life, or to be
likely to cause hurt or injury to any other person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to one
thousand rupees, or with both.
(V) Letter of Undertaking has to be obtained from the polluter like ship owners, insurance clubs etc.
(sample letter of undertaking for an aground vessel M.V.Mirach is attached)
DRAFT LETTER OF UNDERTAKING
To,
Directorate General of Shipping,
Jahaz Bhavan,
Walchand H. Marg,
Mumbai - 400 001
To ,
The District Magistrate
District,
Goa.
Dear Sir,
Re: M.V. Mirach - Grounding at Crocodile Rock, coordinates 08 04 999 North, 77 17201 East on
29 March 2011.
In consideration of your refraining from arresting, re-arresting or otherwise detaining or taking
any action whatsoever against the vessel M.V. Mirach or any other vessel, asset or property in the
same and/ or associated and/or same beneficial ownership and/or management and/or possession
or control in any part of the world in pursuance of the expenses associated with the above
mentioned incident, except in the case of violation/non compliance of any or all of the undertakings
stipulated in the LOU, we Raets Marine Insurance B.V. hereby undertake and guarantee as follows:
i) that in the event of any oil residue from the M.V. Mirach being noticed by the Indian Authority or
any oil or oil residue found in the Indian Territorial waters and/or coastline which may reasonably be
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix Q
considered as being that which spilt out of the M.V. Mirach and upon your first demand we shall mobilize
International and/or National Salvers of international competence for the purpose of removal of all such
oil pollution forthwith and in the event the Indian Authorities are required to take any interim step to
contain such pollution immediately reimburse such sums as may be incurred by the Indian Authority on
your first demand.
ii) to reimburse to you on demand such sum or sums as may have been reasonably incurred by any Indian
Authority including the District Magistrates Office, Fisheries Department, State or Central Pollution
Department, in dealing with the potential environmental damage and loss of livelihood by reason of the
captioned incident or that may be reasonably incurred by the Indian Authorities for the said purpose on
behalf of the owners of the MV Mirach together with interest and cost which may be agreed in writing
between the parties hereto or which may be found due to you or any Indian Authority by the owners of the
Mirach relating to the captioned incident by final award in arbitration in Chennai or an appeal there from
by final unappellable judgment from a competent Court including but not limited to the High Court of
Chennai and/or Supreme Court of India, New Delhi or by a judgment/ decree of the Chennai High Court
or on appeal there from by a final unappellable judgment of the Supreme Court of India.
iii) We further undertake that on behalf of the owners we would arrange to raise, destroy or remove the
wreck as directed by you, or, alternatively, if you do the same, reimburse you the cost of wreck removal
plus 20% thereof, provided always that the Owners of the Mirach or We are liable to do so under Indian
law currently in force or directed to do so by a final unappealable judgment from a Competent Court. In
the event of such a wreck removal you will render reasonable cooperation in facilitating the operations on
the administrative side where possible.
We hereby warrant that the registered owner of the vessel M.V. Mirach at the time of grounding was
Messrs. Kumsal Denizcilik ve Nakliyat AS and that the M.V. Mirach was not demised chartered out at
such time.
All claims under this undertaking will be limited to the amount of UDS 50 million (say fifty million United
States Dollars) including interest and costs or to the limit of owners' Ship owners P&I policy with Raets
Marine Insurance B.V., whichever is higher.
This undertaking shall be governed by and construed in accordance with Indian law and any dispute
here under shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the High Court of Chennai. For the purpose of
proceedings in relation to this Undertaking we appoint Mr. V. Subramanian of 114, Maker Chambers III,
Nariman Point, Mumbai - 400 021, India as our agents for service of process.
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix Q
Yours faithfully,
Director.
(VI) The guide lines for taking immediate steps in case of Oil Pollution Disaster.
v Mercantile marine Department or DG Shipping has to conduct an enquiry and submit a report.
v Letter has to be sent to the Director, Environment for information and necessary action.
v Seek assistance from Indian Coast Guard West if incident occurs beyond Goas jurisdiction
v Seek assistance from Indian Navy if required
v Director General of Shipping, Communication Centre, Mumbai has to be kept informed.
Tel: 022 2261 0606, 2261 4646, 32959320
Fax: 022 2261 3636
v To keep informed the Secretary Highways & Minor ports Department, Goa
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix R
CONVERSION FACTORS
VOLUME
1 barrel (US) = 42 gallons (US) = 159 litres
1 barrel (Imp) = 45.1 gallons (Imp) = 205 litres
1 gallon (Imp) = 1.2 gallons (US) = 4.546 litres
1 cubic metre = 1000 litres = 6.29 barrels (US)
1 litre = 0.22 gallons (Imp) = 0.03531 cubic feet
1 cubic yard = 0.765 cubic metres
1 cubic foot = 0.0283 cubic metres
1 cubic decimeter = 0.001 cubic metres = 1 litre
1 tonnes (metric) = approx. 7.5 barrels (US) 262 gallons (Imp)
AREA
1 acre = 0.405 hectares = 4050 square metres
1 hectare = 10 square metres = 2.471 acres
1 square kilometer = 100 hectares = 247 acres
1 square metre = 1.196 square yards
1 square yard = 0.836 square metres = 9 square feet
1 square foot = 0.093 square metres
1 square mile = 2.59 square kilometers = 640 acres
LENGTH/DISTANCE
1 kilometre = 0.54 nautical miles = 0.622 miles
1 nautical mile = 1.852 kilometres = 1.151 miles
1 mile = 1.609 kilometres = 1760 yards
1 metre = 1.094 yards = 3.282 feet
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix R
1 yard = 0.914 metres
1 foot = 0.305 metres
1 inch = 25.4 millimetres
SPEED
1 knot = 1.85 km/hour = 0.51 metres/second
1 metre/second = 3.6 km/hour = 1.94 knots
MASS
1 tonne (metric) = 1000 Kilograms = 0.984 tons (Imp)
1 ton (Imp) = 20 hundredweight = 1016.05 tonnes
(metric)
1 hundredweight = 50.8 kilograms = 112 pounds
1 kilogram = 2.205 pounds = 1 litre of water
1 gram = 0.035 ounces
FLOW
(Note: Gallons in this table are Imperial, unless otherwise noted.)
1 cubic metre / hour = 16.7 litres / minute = 3.671 gallons / minute
1 litre / second = 2.119 cubic feet / minute = 13.21 gallons / minute
1 cubic foot / minute = 0.1039 gallons / second = 0.472 litres / second
1 gallon / minute = 0.0631 litres / second
1 barrel / hour = 2.65 litres / minute = 0.5825 gallons / minute
1 gallon (US) / acre = 11.224 litres / hectare
PRESSURE
1 psi = 0.069 bar = 6.901 Pascal
1 bar = 100 Pascal = 14.49 psi
1 bar = 30 feet of water
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Contd... Appendix R
ENGINE POWER
1 horsepower = 0.7457 kilowatts
TEMPERATURE
0
F to 0C deduct 32, multiply by 5,
divide by 9
0
C to 0F multiply by 9, divide by 5, add 32
0
C 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0
F 32 50 68 86 104 122 140 158 176 194 212
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix S
BEAUFORT SCALE CONVERSION
11. Beaufort Number Knots per Hour
(1) 1 to 3
(2) 4 to 6
(3) 7 to 10
(4) 11 to 16
(5) 17 to 21
(6) 22 to 27
(7) 28 to 33
(8) 34 to 40
(9) 41 to 47
(10) 48 to 55
(11) 56 to 63
(12) 64 or more
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
Appendix T
List of the Hazardous Waste collectors/Transporters in the state of Goa

(under category 5.1 (Used/Spent oil) and category 5.2 (Waste/ Residue containing oil).
Sr. no Name of unit Hazardous Authorization

waste Validity date
Category as
per Sch I
1 M/s Meher Petro ChemPvt. Ltd., 5.1 5.2 30/01/2014
Plot No. 17,
KPD Industrial Estate,
Manor-Wada Road, Tal, Wada,
District Thane, Maharashtra
2 M/s SUVM Shipping 5.1 5.2 16/06/2019

Surendra A Shirodkar,Shop
Shop no.9, Gr. Floor, Elvira Appt
Opp St Andrew Church
Vasco Goa
3 M/s. Lexus Petro, 5.1 5.2 18/08/2015

C/o Shri. SayedNasirAhamed,
H. no. 307, Gauliwado,
Fatorda, Margao - Goa
4 M/s SAF Petroleums, 5.1 5.2 30/08/2015

Plot no. 204, Auto Nagar,
APIIDC Industrial Estate,
Sarvaparam, Kakinada -5,
Andhra Pradesh
5 M/s Tanu Petrochem Products Pvt Ltd, 5.1 5.2 30/09/2014

ChamundaKrupa,
Near Nayak Building,
Baina, Vasco-da-Gama,
Goa 403802
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
6 M/s Sayed Ahamed & Sons, 5.1 09/04/2016

Near Railway Gate,
Opp. Fly Over Bridge,
Margao-Goa
7 M/s CeeJee Lubricants, 5.1 5.2 23/12/2015

VI/592, Industrial DevelopmentArea,
Edayar, Binanipuram P.O.,
Aluva 683502, Kerala
8 Shri. Allabakash M. Fakir, 5.1 5.2 13/05/2014

M/s Sea Star Enterprises,
Shop No. D-1, Valmik Business Center,
Baina, Vasco-da-Gama
9 M/s Hazardous Waste Management 5.1 31/01/2016

System
310, DempoTowers,
EDC, Patto Plaza,
Panaji-Goa
10 M/s Shiva Petro-Synth Specialities Ltd. 5.1 15/08/2015

C/o ShriSajanPillai
Sastech Associates, KarmaPlaza,
1st floor, Shop no. 11,
Vasco-da-Gama, Goa
7 M/s CeeJee Lubricants, 5.1 5.2 23/12/2015

VI/592, Industrial DevelopmentArea,
Edayar, Binanipuram P.O.,
Aluva 683502, Kerala
8 Shri. Allabakash M. Fakir, 5.1 5.2 13/05/2014

M/s Sea Star Enterprises,
Shop No. D-1, Valmik Business Center,
Baina, Vasco-da-Gama
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
9 M/s Hazardous Waste Management 5.1 31/01/2016

System
310, DempoTowers,
EDC, Patto Plaza,
Panaji-Goa
10 M/s Shiva Petro-Synth Specialities Ltd. 5.1 15/08/2015

C/o ShriSajanPillai
Sastech Associates, KarmaPlaza,
1st floor, Shop no. 11,
Vasco-da-Gama, Goa
11 M/s Sidereal Agencies, 5.1 5.2 19/06/2015

H. No. 229,
Near MarutiTemple,
Headland Sada,
Mormugao, Goa 403802
12 M/s Plus Lubricants, 5.1 5.2 5/02/2015

Safatullah Compound,
Near Kala Godown, Air India Road,
Kalina, Santa Cruz (E)
Mumbai 400 029
13 M/s Industrial Esters & Chemicals Pvt. 5.1 5.2 10/02/2015

Ltd,
Plot No. A-10,
MIDC Industrial Area,
Ambernath, District Thane, Maharashtra
14 M/s Shrushti Envirocare, 5.1 24/07/2014.

H. No. 19, under renewal
Deulmol, Sirvoi,
Quepem-Goa
Section No.: 09
APPENDIX
Revision No.: 00
15 M/s Star Engineering Co., 5.1 27/09/2010

310, DempoTowers,
EDCPattoPlaza,
Panaji-Goa
17 M/s Arun Industries, 30/07/2007

Plot No B-64, II Stage,
Peenya Industrial Area,
Bangalore, Karnataka-560 058
18 Shri. Khurshid Ahmed Shaikh, 5.1 01/04/2010.
C/o Reehan Agencies,
Shop No. 3, Modern Market Complex,
Vasco-da-Gama
19 M/s. Lube Tech Petro Chemicals, 5.1 Date of issue:

Plot No C 54, KSSIDC, 01/06
Veersandra Industrial Estate,
Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka
20 RHJ-Petrochem Pvt. Ltd. Date of issue:
Village Vardha Post Uchat,
Tal Wada Dist. Thane
21 M/s. Jeffrey Jeryl Distributors, 5.1 16/03/2015
GF-6, Sunil Rachana Apts.
RegoBhag, Alto St. Cruz,
Bambolim-Goa
22 M/s Global Traders, H. no. 18/1, 5.1 5.2 24/01/2019
VaiguinimMayem,
Bicholim Goa
23 M/s Al Ali Mohammed Industries, 3.1 19/11/2018
Survey No. 57-1/12, Village Ghatesh
Khurd,
Khanevali Road, Tal- Wada,
Dist. Thane -421303.
3.1: Oil containing cargo residue, washing water and sludge
5.1: Used/Spent Oil (Engine oil)
5.2: Waste Oil (Industrial oil)

SECTION - 10
FORMATS
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. F 01-02

[Y
Oil spill Mock Drill Reporting Form
Person Completing Date:
Form , Title & Dept:
Attach to this form a list of all staff who participated in the drill, and any visitors participating.
Time Alarm Sounded: Time Drill Concluded: Time to Evacuate:
Details of Notification / Alert Method: Weather Conditions:

drill:
o Phone/Enhanced Alert System o Clear
o Other: ______________ o Cloudy
o Raining
o Rain and wind
o Windy
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Contd Format No. F 01-02

Response time: Observations:
o Goa State Pollution Control Board
o Directorate of Fisheries
o Goa Coastal Zone Management

Authority
o Water Resources Department
o Department of Forest
o Superintendent of Police
o Fire & Emergency Services
o Captain of Ports
o National Institute of Oceanography
o Directorate of Health and Services
o Town & Country Planning
o Animal Husbandary & Veterinary

Services
o Mormugao Port Trust
o Indian Coast Guard
o TERI
o Collectorate, North Goa
o Collectorate South, Margao Goa

Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00

Participants: (check all that apply) Situation at Start of Drill: Remarks
o Goa State Pollution Control o Before Business Hours

Board o During Business Hours
o Peak Business Hours
o Directorate of Fisheries o Lunch Time
o Goa Coastal Zone Management o After Business Hours
Authority o Other: _______________
_____________________
o Water Resources Department
o Department of Forest
o Superintendent of Police
o Fire & Emergency Services
o Captain of Ports
o National Institute of
Oceanography
o Directorate of Health and Services
o Town & Country Planning
o Animal Husbandary & Veterinary

Services
o Mormugao Port Trust
o Indian Coast Guard
o TERI
o Collectorate, North Go
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00

Participants: (check all that apply) Situation at Start of Drill: Remarks
o Collectorate South, Margao Goa
o other__________________
Management previously trained on Employees previously trained on
emergency procedures this year? emergency procedures this year?
o Yes o Yes
o No o No
Emergency Response Centre Location : External resources
utilized:
o Yes o Well equipped
o No o Plan available experts
o Map available
o Copy of SOS-DCP available
Problems Encountered: (Check all that apply)

o Congestion in roads o Radio communication problems
o Alarm not heard o Network / computer problems
o Teams unsure of what to do / o Noise impedes communications
proper o Personnel not out of sight (lockdown drill)
o Staff unsure of responsibilities o Long time to evacuate building
/ response o Personnel not serious about drill
o Weather-related problems o Improper or unavailable supplies (SiP)
o Personnel not accounted for / o Confusion
attendance o Exits block
o Difficulties with evacuation o Transportation of emergency services
of disabled personnel, o Interagency miscommunications
customers or visitors o Incident command problems
o Personnel unaccounted for o Other:
(note # below)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00

Additional Observations:
Mitigation / Plans for Improvement: (check all that apply and explain below)
o Additional management training o Cooperative planning with responders

o Additional staff training o Revised emergency procedures
o Address need for additional o Other:
equipment
o Improved emergency supplies
Additional observations noted with respect to discrepancies
Sign
Name, designation & Dept of Observer

Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Corrective & Preventive Action
Ref: CMG Minute No:_______ dated___________
Intimation to concerned Dept vide Letter No.__________________Target date:_____________
Sign
Name, designation of Issuing Authority

Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. F 02-02
Oil Spill Dispersant (OSD) Certificate
Phase :
Prohibited Ingredients :
Aromatic Hydrocarbons :
Stability :
Shelf Life :
Flashpoint :
Cloud Point :
Viscosity :
Toxicity :
Toxicity Limit :
Biodegradability :
Efficiency Idex :
Stability Index :
The OSD is free of hydrocarbon solvents and safe for personnel handling the product and will not pose
any health hazard.
Authorised Signatory
Name & Designation
Chemical Oceanography Division

NIO
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. F 03-02

Document Change Request Form
Date:
To,
The Issuing Authority
Capt. Of Ports
Panaji
This is to request you to kindly consider the below changes in the State Oil Spill Contingency Plan (SOS-
DCP) for the state of Goa.
Document Name
Section /
Sr.No.
Appendix No. / Format No.
Page No.
Proposal for Change
Reason for changes Required
Department
Decision taken by the concerned

Department Authority on
proposal of request
Signature of Proposer Authorized signatory

Name & Designation Name & Designation
Acknowledgement & Date of Issuing Authority:__________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. : F 04-02
DOCUMENT CHANGE REQUEST REGISTER

DOCUMENT
STAKEHOLDERS CONTROL
AUTHORITY
Sr.No Date
Document Subject of Raised Department Acknowledgement &
Change Document by Name
Record No. change
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. : F 05 - 02
DOCUMENT ISSUE/RETURN REGISTER (Copy issued to /returned by the Stakeholders)
Acknowledgement of
Sr. Section Issue Revision Obsolute Issuing Authority
Names of Stakeholders Receipt with Name &
No No No No Return Acknowledgement
Designation
1 Mercan!le Marine Dept
Goa Coastal Zone Management
2
Authority
3 Oil & Natural Gas Corpora!on
4 Bharat Petroleum Corpora!on
5 Indian Oil Tanking
Hindustan Petroleum
6
Corpora!on Ltd
7 Directorate of Fisheries
8 Department of Forests
9 Captain of Ports
10 Directorate of Panchayats
11 Ganesh Benzoplast Ltd
12 Indian Mollases Co Ltd
13 Zuari Agro Chemicals
Department of Fire &
14
Emergency Services
Department of Science,
15
Technology & Environment
Na!onal Ins!tute of
16
Ocenography
17 Goa Tourism Department
18 Coast Guard District
19 Mormugao Port Trust
20 Goa Coastal Police
Directorate of Minucipal
21
Administra!on
22 Water Resource Department
Goa State Pollu!on Control
23
Board
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. : F 06-02

OIL SPILL -RISK ASSESSMENT FORMAT
Name of Facility-_________________________________________________________________________________
Location Address -________________________________________________________________________________
Location Cordinates - _____________________________________________________________________________
Abbreviations ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CONDITIONS TYPES RPN REMARKS
OF RATINGS
IMPACT
TPE: Tons DNR Depletion of Natural N - Normal, Direct D, RPN Risk Standard
Petroleum Resources, A - Abnormal , Indirect - I priority Operating
Equivalent NP Noise Pollution, E - Emergency Number Procedure
(TPE) OD Ozone Depletion, SOP,
Bbl:Barrel AP Air Pollution, WP Water Emergency
Pollution, Management
LC Land contamination, Plan - EMP
HI-Health Impact
Location Environmental Types of Conditions A B C D E F G RPN= REMARKS
Sr. Process Risks (Offshore /Port/ Impact Impact N/A/E AxB x CxD x (SOP/EMP)
No Installation) DNR/NP/OD/ D/I ExFxG
AP/WP/LC/HI
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Contd.....Format No. : F 06-02

A: QUANTITY B: C: D: Type of E: F: G: CONTROL
INVOLVED OCCURENCE IMPACT Fuel LEGISLATION DETECTION MEASURES
Negligible=1 Rarely = 1 No Visual Very heavy No applicable Immediate =1 Adequate & effective = 1
(<0.5 TPE or < 4 impact = 1 oils (Group V requirement/
bbls) oils) = 1 compliance with
=1
Low =2 Monthly = 2 Nuisance of Heavy Oils If non Within one Secondary control = 2
(>2<50 TPE or discomfort (No.6 fuel oil, compliance with hour = 2
>4 bbl <400 bbls ) =2 heavy crude legislation/other
oils, bunker C requirements
etc.) = 2 = 10
Moderate =3 Weekly = 3 Resource Medium oils Within 8 hours Needs human
(>50 <700 TPE depletion (crude oils =3 intervention = 3
or <400 or >5,000 =3 like petroleum
bbls) etc.) = 3
High =4 (>700 Daily = 4 Effects on Light oils Within 24 hours Control available but not
<10,000 TPE or ( < flora/fauna/ (No.2 fuel oil =4 reliable = 4
5,000 bbl <80,000 water/air/ , diesel, light
bbls) land/global crudes etc.)
impact = 4 =4
Excessive =5 Continuous = 5 H u m a n Very light Oil Above 24 hours No control = 5
(>10,000 TPE or > health effect (gasoline and =5
80,000bbls) =5 jet fuel, most
refined oils
etc.) = 5
RPN > 100 = Signicant risk and requires EMP/Disaster Con"ngency Plan
RPN >50< 100 = Moderate and requires EMP/ Disaster Con"ngency Plan
RPN >10 <50 = Minimum and requires EMP/Disaster Con"ngency Plan
RPN < 10 = Local site ac"on may be ini"ated under SOP
Name/Designa"on ((NOTE: Please ini"al in prior pages)

Prepared by: Authorized Signatory
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
FORMAT No. F01-05

HAZARDOUS WASTE RECORD
To: The Goa State Pollution Control Board, Panaji Goa.
LOCATION OF STORAGE:
Storage
Quantity Secondary
Date Date Type of Labelled Segregated Not Limit(please Reason if Signature of
Collected Containment in
Collected Checked Waste properly Properly Leaking specify if not Incharge
in KLD place
exceeded)
Incharge-Please w if complied with or w if not complied with
RECEIPT & ACKNOWLEGMENT BY (sign,name , designation & Department)
DEPARTMENT INCHARGE
GSPCB OFFICIAL
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
FORMAT F02-05
HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL
LOCATION OF STORAGE:
DATE QUANTITY DISCREPANCY/ DISPOSED APPROVED ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REMARKS
RECEIVED DAMAGE NOTED TO (Name of TRANSPORTER
Registered REGISTRATION
Recycler) NO/VEHCLE NO.
RECEIPT & ACKNOWLEGMENT BY (sign,name , designation & Department)
DEPARTMENT INCHARGE
GSPCB OFFICIAL
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. F 01-06
OIL SPILL REPORT
(A) PARTICULARS OF PERSON/ORGANIZATION :
(B) REPORTING INCIDENT :
(C) TITLE :
(D) COMPANY :
(E) TELEPHONE/TELEX NUMBERS :
(F) DATE/TIME :
(G) SPILL LOCATION :
(H) TYPE AND QUALITY OF OIL SPILL :
(J) CAUSE OF SPILL :
(K) RESPONSE TO SPILLAGE, IF ANY :
(L) ANY OTHER INFORMATION :
Signature:
Name:
Contact No.:
Contact Address:
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. F 02-06

POLREP MESSAGE FORMAT
REFERENCE: IMO - 560 (1995)
ADDRESS FROM .................. TO ..................
DATE TIME GROUP

IDENTIFICATION
SERIAL NUMBER
Details :
PART I
1. DATE AND TIME
2. POSITION
(POLWARN) 4. OUTFLOW 5. ACKNOWLEDGE
3. INCIDENT
3. INCIDENT
3. INCIDENT
3. INCIDENT
PART II
40. DATE AND TIME
41. POSITION
42. CHARACTERISTICS OF POLLUTION
43 SOURCE AND CAUSE OF POLLUTION
44. WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Contd. Format No. F 02-06

45. CURRENT OR TIDE
46. SEA STATE AND POLLUTION
47. DRIFT OF POLLUTION
48. FORECAST
(POLINF)
49. IDENTIFY OF OBSERVER AND SHIPS ON
SCENE
50. ACTION TAKEN
51. PHOTOGRAPHS OR SAMPLES
52. NAMES OF OTHER AGENCIES INFORMED
PART III
53. SPARE
53.1
53.2
53.4
53.5
5
59.
60. ACKNOWLEDGE
80. DATE AND TIME
81. REQUEST FOR ASSISTANCE
82. COAST
83. PRE-ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DELIVERY
84. ASSISTANCE TO WHERE AND HOW
85. OTHER AGENCIES REQUESTED
PART III
86. CHANGE OF COMMAND
POLFAC
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Contd. Format No. F 02-06

87. EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION
88. NAMES AND NUMBER OF
89. DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT
90. ETA AND ARRIVAL INFORMATION
91. PLACE OF EMBARKATION
92. PLACE OF DISEMBARKATION
93- SPARE
98.
Signature:
Name:
Designation:
Organization:
Contact No.:
Contact Address:
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Format No. F 03-06
SITUATION REPORT (SITREP)
SITREP No.: SR/01 Date: TIME:

INCIDENT:
Possible Root
Cause:
Possible Risks: Identified Reasons
Sr.No Situation Action Plan Status OK/Not OK

Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
Contd............Format No. F 01-06
NOTE:
Information in the SITREP should be factual and largely without interpretation and
conjecture.
The information in a SITREP should cover the period between the last sitrep and the next
SITREP.
SITREP should be brief and not a narrative (read in <3-5 mins).
SITREP should be specific for a given functional area, and not present information that is outside
the specific functional area.
It is acceptable for a SITREP to be issued that states no change since last sitrep (see last sitrep
for information)
A map and other graphic can be part of a SITREP ensure date/time of the graphic is shown on it,
and there is a reference between the graphic and the sitrep.
A SITREP and an Incident Action Plan (IAP) are not interchangeable. The first part of an IAP, the
Situation, is likely to contain much of the content in a sitrep (assuming time period and functional
area are the same).
Each SITREP , including electronically produced SITREP should be saved as a new file, and all
saved to the same folder
Prepared by: Name/Designation/Dept. /Role in SOS-DCP
Approved by: name/Designation / Dept./Role in SOS-DCP
Date:
Section No.: 10
FORMATS
Revision No.: 00
FORMAT No.: F01-08

ESI MAPPING: BIRDS
MONTHS
Sr. SPECIES COMMON LOCAL (If active , please mark "X", otherwise leave blank)
N0 NAME NAME NAME
T/E# M/L^ CONCERN* J F M A M J J A S O N D NESTING LAYING HATCHING
1 COASTAL
2 ESTUARINE
3 RIVERINE
#
T-Threatened / ^M-Migratory/ *HI-HIGH
LO-LOW
Name/Designation/Dept. : Authorized Signatory

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goa
2 http://www.mptgoa.com and http://www.mptgoa.com/trafficnew3.php
3 Mani Murali, Rohan Kumar , Vethamony.P, NIO, Second International Conference on Coastal
Zone Engineering and Management (Arabian Coast 2010), November 1-3, 2010, Muscat,
Oman ISSN: 2219-3596
3 Satish R. Shetye, M. Dileep Kumar, D. Shankar , The Mandovi and

Zuari Estuaries, 2007
4 http://www.worldshipping.org/about-the-industry/global-trade/trade-routes
5. Vethamony.P ,Aboobacker.V.M, Menon H.B, Kumar.K.A, Cavaleri.L, J.Mar.Sysr

vol.87(1);2011;47-54
6. G. Johnson, V. Sanil Kumar, S. P. Chempalayil, J. Singh, P. Pednekar, K. Ashok Kumar, G. U.

Dora, R. Gowthaman Open Journal of Marine Science, 2012, 2, 43-50
7. Taluka level Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) mapping. A pilot study from Goa coast,
India, Mani Murali.R, Rohan Kumar, Vethamony.P at Arabian Coast 2010, Muscat, oman,
during Nov 1 3, 2010
8 Zoning Atlas for siting of industries based on environmental considerations in North and South
Goa, by GSPCB in collaboration with CPCB (2005-2009)
ABBREVIATIONS
1. A&N Andaman Nicobar
2. BPCL Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd.
3. BAP Best Available Practices
4. CIFNET Central Institute of Fisheries Nautical and Engineering Training,
5. DHS Directorate of Health Services

6. DCR Document Change Request
7. CEE Department of Environment
8. DOS-DCP District Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan
9. DoE Department of Environment
10. DoF Department of Fisheries
11. DSTE Department of Science & Technology
12. EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone
13. ETVs Emergency Towing Vessels
14. ERC Emergency Response Centre
15. ERCs Emergency Response Centres
16. FD (Goa) Forest Department
17. GCZMA Goa Coastal Zone Management Authority
18. GSPCB Goa State Pollution Control Board
19. ROS-DCP Regional Oil Spill Disaster Contingency plan
20. ICGL Indian Coast Guard
21. IOC Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.
22. IOPC International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund
23. IMO International Maritime Organization
24. IOMOU Indian Ocean Memorandum of Understanding
25. IPIECA International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association
26. IFA Indian Forest Act
27. LCP Local contingency plan
28. MSDS Material Safety Data sheets
29. MPT Marmugao Port Trust
30. NIO National Institute of Oceangraphy
31. NOSC Na!onal On Scene Commander
32. NOS DCP Na!onal Oil Spill Disaster Con!ngency Plan
33 ONGC Oil & Natural Gas Corpora!on
34. OPRC Oil Pollu!on Preparedness Response & Coopera!on
35. OSC On-Scene Commander
36. PPE Personal Protective Equipment
37. PFD Personal flotation device
38. POL Petroleum Oil Lubricants
39. ROS-DCP Regional Oil Spill- Disaster Contingency Plan
40. SOP Standard Operating Procedure
41. SOS-CMG State Oil Spill Crisis Management Group
42. SOS-DCP State Oil Spill-Disaster Contingency Plan
43. TERI The Energy and Resources Institute
44. TOVALOP Tanker Owners Voluntary Agreement Concerning Liability for oil Pollution
45. UNCLOS United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
46. VHF Very High Frequency
47. VOC Volatile Organic Compounds
48. VTPMS Vessel Traffic and Port Management System
49. WRD Water Resources Department
50. ZIOTL Zuari Indian Oil Tanking Ltd.

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STATE OIL SPILL RESPONSE POLICY

The State of Goa recognizes the need to put in place an effective

This SOS-DCP with its associated arrangements reflects the

Chairman, Chief Secretary

        ! 

   !  

       

Chief Secretary - Environment

Sl. Date of Section Details of Amendment Authorized Name and

Sl. Latest Details of Amendment Authority Date Name and

8 Appendix D (iv) Important Archaeological and 15

11 Appendix G Fish Landing Sites 18

12 Appendix H Road Transportation and Shoreline Access 19

13 Appendix I Guidelines for use of Dispersants 20

14 Appendix J List of approved Oil Dispersants (OSD) 22

15 Appendix K Prediction of Oil Spill Movement 24

16 Appendix L (a) Clean up guidelines for various shoreline types 25

17 Appendix L (b) Guidelines for Shore line clean - up 29

18 Appendix M United Nation Convention on Laws of Sea 39

20 Appendix N List of International Pollution Response Resource 43

21 Appendix O (i) Pollution Response Resource available for 45

22 Appendix O (ii) Details of Pollution Response Equipments 46

23 Appendix O (iii) Captain of Ports, Panaji Port Pvt Ltd (Tier I, 47

24 Appendix O (iv) Zuari Indian Oil Tanking Ltd (Tier I, Category 48

25 Appendix O(v) Emergency Response Equipment for Oil Spill- 40

26 Appendix P Details of Oil Pollution Response Equipment 50

27 Appendix Q Immediate Measures to be undertaken on noting 52

28 Appendix R Conversion Factors 58

29 Appendix S Beaufort Scale Conversion 61

30 Appendix T List of the Hazardous Waste collectors/ 62

10.0 FORMAT No. FORMATS

1 F 01-02 Oil Spill Mock Drill Reporting Form 01

2 F 02-02 Oil Spill Dispersant (OSD) Certificate 07

3 F 03-02 Document Change request Form 08

4 F 04-02 Document Change request Register 09

5 F 05-02 Document issue / Return Register 10

6 F 06-02 Oil Spill Risk Assessment Format 11

F 02-05 Hazardous Waste Disposal 14

8 F 01 -06 Oil Spill Report Form 15

9 F 02-06 POLREP Message Format 16

10 F 03-06 Situation Report (SITREP) 19

11 F 01-08 ESI Mapping-Birds 21

11 11 SUPPLEMENT 11 (Refer Supplement to GOA SOS DCP)

12 Bibliography & Abbreviations

1 01 Figure 1.0 Goa Coastal Villages 06

2 01 Figure 1.1 Oil Spill Response Tier Details 10

3 02 Figure 2.0 Flowchart: Oil Spill Response Team 04

4 02 Figure 2.1 Interface with ROS-DCP & NOS-DCP 50

02 Figure 2.2 Activation-Deactivation Procedure 51

5 03 Figure 3.0 Wind Distribution Patterns 06

6 03 Figure 3.1 Monsoons 07

7 03 Figure 3.2 Seasonal surface currents 07

8 07 Figure 7.0 Planning 01

9 08 Figure 8.0 Hydrogeological map of North Goa 12

10 08 Figure 8.1 Water Level Depth:map of South Goa 13

11 08 Figure 8.2 Hydrogeological map of South Goa 14

1 01 Table no. 1.0 Goa :District Details 05

2 01 Table no. 1.1 Nature of Beaches in Goa 08

3 01 Table no. 1.2 Oil Spill Response Tier Details 11

4 01 Table no. 1.3 Geographical Area 14

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