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    Ispit Materijal OpenGL

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    mmmmm1900
    This document provides an overview of OpenGL and instructions for creating an OpenGL application. It discusses functions for managing OpenGL states, clearing buffers, drawing primitives, creating an OpenGL window, preparing pixel formats, rendering scenes, and destroying contexts. It also covers 3D viewing with matrices, lighting, materials, textures, and includes lists of relevant OpenGL functions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ispit Materijal OpenGL

    Uploaded by

    mmmmm1900
    71 views8 pages
    This document provides an overview of OpenGL and instructions for creating an OpenGL application. It discusses functions for managing OpenGL states, clearing buffers, drawing primitives, creating an OpenGL window, preparing pixel formats, rendering scenes, and destroying contexts. It also covers 3D viewing with matrices, lighting, materials, textures, and includes lists of relevant OpenGL functions.

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    Ispit materijal OpenGL

    Original Title

    Ispit materijal OpenGL

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    This document provides an overview of OpenGL and instructions for creating an OpenGL application. It discusses functions for managing OpenGL states, clearing buffers, drawing primitives, creating an OpenGL window, preparing pixel formats, rendering scenes, and destroying contexts. It also covers 3D viewing with matrices, lighting, materials, textures, and includes lists of relevant OpenGL functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    71 views8 pages

    Ispit Materijal OpenGL

    Uploaded by

    mmmmm1900
    This document provides an overview of OpenGL and instructions for creating an OpenGL application. It discusses functions for managing OpenGL states, clearing buffers, drawing primitives, creating an OpenGL window, preparing pixel formats, rendering scenes, and destroying contexts. It also covers 3D viewing with matrices, lighting, materials, textures, and includes lists of relevant OpenGL functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    OpenGL

    1 Kreiranje aplikacije

    1.1 Funkcije za rad sa stanjima

    glEnable()
    glDisable()
    glGetBooleanv()
    glGetDoublev()
    glGetFloatv()
    glGetIntegerv()
    glGetPointerv()
    glIsEnabled()
    glGetLight*()
    glGetError()
    glGetPolygonStipple()
    glPushAttrib()
    glPushClientAttrib()
    glPopAttrib()
    glPopClientAttrib()

    1.2 Brisanje prozora

    void glClear(GLbitfield mask)

    bafer Kod
    Color buffer GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT
    Depth buffer GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT
    Accumulation buffer GL_ACCUM_BUFFER_BIT
    Stencil buffer GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT

    glClearColor( TYPE r, TYPE g, TYPE b, TYPE a );


    glClearDepth( GLdouble depth );
    1.3 Crtanje primitiva

    glBegin(GLbitfield primitiveCode);
    ...
    glEnd();

    1.4 Stilovi OpenGL prozora

    WS_CLIPSIBLINGS
    WS_CLIPCHILDREN

    1.5 Priprema pri kreiranju prozora

    typedef struct tagPIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR { // pfd


    WORD nSize;
    WORD nVersion;
    DWORD dwFlags; // PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER or PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL or
    PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW;
    BYTE iPixelType; //PFD_TYPE_RGBA or PFD_TYPE_COLORINDEX
    BYTE cColorBits; //For RGBA pixel types, it is the size of the color buffer, excluding the alpha
    bitplanes.
    BYTE cRedBits;
    BYTE cRedShift;
    BYTE cGreenBits;
    BYTE cGreenShift;
    BYTE cBlueBits;
    BYTE cBlueShift;
    BYTE cAlphaBits;
    BYTE cAlphaShift;
    BYTE cAccumBits;
    BYTE cAccumRedBits;
    BYTE cAccumGreenBits;
    BYTE cAccumBlueBits;
    BYTE cAccumAlphaBits;
    BYTE cDepthBits;
    BYTE cStencilBits;
    BYTE cAuxBuffers;
    BYTE iLayerType; //Ignored. Earlier implementations of OpenGL used this member, but it is no
    longer used.
    BYTE bReserved;
    DWORD dwLayerMask; DWORD dwVisibleMask; DWORD dwDamageMask; }
    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR;

    int ChoosePixelFormat( HDC hdc, // device context to search for a best pixel format match
    CONST PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR* ppfd // pixel format for which a best match is sought )
    BOOL SetPixelFormat( HDC hdc, //device context whose pixel format the function attempts to set
    int iPixelFormat, // pixel format index (one-based)
    CONST PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR * ppfd // pointer to logical pixel format specification )

    wglCreateContext( HGLRC m_hrc )

    1.6 Iscrtavanje scene

    BOOL wglMakeCurrent(
    HDC hdc, // device context of device that OpenGL calls are to be drawn on
    HGLRC hglrc // OpenGL rendering context to be made the calling
    // thread's current rendering context
    )

    BOOL SwapBuffers( HDC hdc // device context whose buffers get swapped )

    1.7 Unitavanje scene

    wglDeleteContext( HDC hdc )

    1.8 Biblioteke

    #include <GL/gl.h>
    #include <GL/glu.h>
    #include <GL/glut.h>
    #include <GL/glaux.h>
    #include <math.h>
    2 Pogled u 3D

    2.1 Osnovne matrine operacije

    void glMatrixMode( GLenum mode );


    void glLoadIdentity( void );
    void glLoadMatrix{fd}( const TYPE *m );
    void glMultMatrix{fd}(const TYPE *m );
    void glLoadTransposeMatrix{fd}( const TYPE *m );
    void glMultyTransposeMatrix{fd}( const TYPE *m );

    2.2 Transformacije pogleda i modelovanja

    void glTranslate{fd}( TYPEx, TYPE y, TYPE z);


    void glRotate{fd}( TYPE angle, TYPE x, TYPE y, TYPE z );
    void glScale{fd}( TYPE x, TYPE y, TYPE z );

    2.3 Definisanje transformacije pogleda

    void gluLookAt( GLdouble eyex, GLdouble eyey, GLdouble eyez,


    GLdouble centerx, GLdouble centery, GLdouble centerz,
    GLdouble upx, GLdouble upy, GLdouble upz );

    2.4 Projekcije

    void glFrustum( GLdouble left, GLdouble right, GLdouble bottom, GLdouble top, GLdouble
    znear, GLdouble zfar )
    void gluPerspective( GLdouble fovy, GLdouble aspect, GLdouble zNear, GLdouble zFar);
    void glOrtho( GLdouble left, GLdouble right, GLdouble bottom, GLdouble top, GLdouble
    near, GLdouble far );

    2.5 Viewport transformacije

    void glViewport( GLint x, GLint y, GLsizei width, GLsizei height);


    3 Osvetljenje

    3.1 Zadavanje boje

    void glColor3{b s i f d ub us ui} (TYPE r, TYPE g, TYPE b);


    void glColor4{b s i f d ub us ui} (TYPE r, TYPE g, TYPE b, TYPE a);
    void glColor3{b s i f d ub us ui}v (const TYPE *v);
    void glColor4{b s i f d ub us ui}v (const TYPE *v);

    3.2 Definisanje naina senenja

    void glShadeModel ( GLenum mode )

    3.3 Definisanje normala

    void glNormal3{bsidf}( TYPE nx, TYPE ny, TYPE nz );


    void glNormal3{bsidf}v( const TYPE * v ) ;

    3.4 Kreiranje izvora svetlosti

    void glLight{if}[v]( GLenum light, GLenum pname, TYPE param );

    pname
    GL_AMBIENT
    GL_DIFFUSE
    GL_SPECULAR
    GL_POSITION
    GL_SPOT_DIRECTION
    GL_SPOT_EXPONENT
    GL_SPOT_CUTOFF
    GL_CONSTANT_ATTENUATION
    GL_LINEAR_ATTENUATION
    GL_QUADRATIC_ATTENUATION

    3.4 Modeli osvetljenja


    Globalno ambijentalno svetlo glLightModelfv( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT,
    lmodel_ambient )
    Lokalni ili udaljeni pogled glLightModeli( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_LOCAL_VIEWER,
    GL_TRUE ) // ili GL_FALSE
    Dvostrano osvetljenje glLightModeli( GL_LIGHT_MODEL_TWO_SIDE,
    GL_TRUE ) // ili GL_FALSE

    3.5 Definisanje karakteristika materijala

    void glMaterial{if}[v](GLenum face, GLenum pname, TYPE param );


    face: GL_FRONT, GL_BACK, ili GL_FRONT_AND_BACK

    Parametar Podrazumevana vrednost Znaenje


    GL_AMBIENT (0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0) Ambijentalna boja materijala
    GL_DIFFUSE (0.8, 0.8, 0.8, 1.0) Difuziona boja materijala
    Ambijentalna i difuziona boja
    GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE -
    materijala
    GL_SPECULAR (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) Odsjaj materijala
    GL_SHININESS 0.0 Eksponent odsjaja
    GL_EMISSION (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) Emisiona boja materijala
    GL_COLOR_INDEXES (0,1,1) Kolor indeksi

    3.6 Karakteristike materijala

    void glColorMaterial( GLenum face, GLenum mode );


    4 Teksture

    4.1 Specificiranje teksture

    void glTexImage2D(GLenum target, GLint level,


    GLint components, GLsizei width, GLsizei height,
    GLint border, GLenum format, GLenum type,
    const GLvoid *pixels);

    4.2 Smetanje bitmape

    void glPixelStore{if}( GLenum pname, GLfloat param );


    pname: GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT

    4.3 Automatsko generisanje mipmapa

    int gluBuild2DMipmaps(GLenum target, GLint components, GLint width, GLint height,


    GLenum format, GLenum type, void * data);

    4.3 Filtriranje teksture

    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, param);


    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, param);

    param Vrednosti
    GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER GL_NEAREST ili GL_LINEAR
    GL_NEAREST,
    GL_LINEAR,
    GL_NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST,
    GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER
    GL_NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR,
    GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST,
    ili GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR

    4.4 Rad sa teksturama

    void glGenTextures( GLsizei n, GLuint *textureNames );


    GLboolean glIsTexture( GLuint textureName );
    void glBindTexture( GLenum target, GLuint textureName );
    void glDeleteTextures( GLsizei n, const GLuint *textureNames );
    void glGetTexParameteriv( GL_TEXTURE_2D , GL_TEXTURE_RESIDENT , GLint *
    params );
    GLboolean glAreTexturesResident( GLsizei n, const GLuint *textureNames, GLboolean
    *residences );
    void glPrioritizeTextures( GLsizei n, const GLuint *textureNames, const GLclampf *priorities);
    void glTexEnv{if}( GLenum target, GLenum pname, TYPE param );
    void glTexEnv{if}v( GLenum target, GLenum pname, TYPE *param );
    target: GL_TEXTURE_ENV
    pname: GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE
    param:GL_DECAL
    GL_REPLACE
    GL_MODULATE
    GL_BLEND
    void glTexCoord{1234}{sifd}( TYPE cords );
    void glTexCoord{1234}{sifd}v( TYPE *cords );
    glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT );
    glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP );
    glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT );
    glTexParameteri( GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_ CLAMP );

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