Ames, Melissa.

"Engaging "Apolitical" Adolescents: Analyzing the Popularity and Educational

Potential of Dystopian Literature Post-9/11." The High School Journal 97.1 (2013): 3-20.

Web.

In this article, Melissa Ames focused on the assumption that young adults have

become less concerned about politics and disengaged from the entire process.

Throughout, she compares dystopian novels to Young Adults, and the large impact the

911 incident spurred on dystopian literature. Each novel used to strengthen her

assumption has a description of what it is and how it is seen as a dystopian novel and how

it connects to the incident of 911. Throughout, Melissa also implies how these dystopian

novels may be portrayed as useful or useless to young adults and how much

information is actually being retained in order to vision the society they are in.

Overall, this article was well written and addressed every point of the authors

thesis. It contained a plethora of information and commentary about the ideas being

presented. Although it was a bit lengthy, the information was very useful for the project

because it gave a modern insight to a dystopia and allowed for the comparison of the

Time Machine and I, Robot, to be more comprehensive and clear.

Artero Abelln, Pablo A. "The dystopian novel and its satiric message: the cases of 1984, Brave

New World and Fahrenheit 451 JACLR: Journal of Artistic Creation and Literary

Research 3.1 (2015): 1-12

This article is simply put, an in depth analysis of the Dystopian works 1984,

Brave New World, and Fahrenheit 451. In all three of these books lies the very basic

Dystopian thought process. The Dystopia is the warning of the many numerous ways a

society can take a sharp turn down the wrong lane. The reader questions everything
 addressed in the book that is found to be mirrored in reality. These three books all have

their own unique take on the different ways the government can facilitate technology in a

manipulative manner over the masses of people whether it is through fear (1984) or

through pleasure (Brave New World). The number one reoccurring theme is the idea that

books are feared among the people in control because it provokes the critical thought of

the people which in turn compromises the governments reign over its people. The

protagonist in all of these books seem to be the odd one out who is the only person

noticing the absurdity of their society who also seems to be the only person containing

any lick of common sense.

This explanation of the three most influential pieces of Dystopian literature helps

me understand the structure of each novel. What this helps is the true understanding of

the nature of Dystopian literature. All of these books always side with the masses under

the control of the oppressive control. To understand the later works of Dystopian

literature would definitely aide in the understanding of The Time Machine and how the

contents of the book itself serves its sole role of the warning, precaution signal, social

commentary and opinions on big problems for all of the future to read and understand.

Once we obtain the clarification of what the Dystopia does, what it stands for, what it

functions as, and what message the author want to make clear of the inevitable

problems if left untouched.

Babaee, Ruzbeh, Hardev Kaur Jujar Singh, Zhang Zhicheng, and Zhang Haiqing. "Critical

Review on the Idea of Dystopia." Review of European Studies 7.11 (2015): 64-76. Web.

28 Mar. 2017.
 The article Critic Review on the Idea of Dystopia is pretty much self-explanatory

on only the part where the genre is critiqued. Before any critical thinking is done the

article explains the original sources of both of these great genres. The Utopia is thought

to be originated from Platos Republic while the Dystopia is thought to originate from the

Utopia itself as almost a counter culture. Three prominent authors were discussed in this

article which include Aldous Huxley, Kurt Vonnegut, and Don DeLillo. The dystopian

genre started with these type of authors who challenge the state of society on first, the

present, and then the future to where we are all headed.

This article gives a very good rundown on what the Dystopian genre is. The genre

was explained to be a way for authors to express their concerns with the problems of

society and how they can be worsened with the continued advancement of our very own

technology. The article explains the biography of these authors which adds a thousand

times more meaning to the words put onto their work. They each have their own take on

every societal problem from capitalism to sex to even entertainment. This article lets me

know that each book I read from their greatest work is like having a conversation with the

author over the broad aspects of society.

Czignyik Zsolt (2004), Satire and Dystopia: Two Genres? In HUSSE Papers 2003 (Literature

and Culture). University of Debrecen, (305-309).

Here Zsolt takes his sweet time to explain the fundamental building blocks that

essentially make up the Dystopian genre. The first characteristic he describes is the

displacement that takes place between the world we live in and the world that is

presented through a Dystopian book. The article explained that the Utopian writing is

essentially impossible to achieve and implement in really life while the Dystopia on the
 other hand magnifies the problems which exposes the distorted nature of the system of

society. Dystopia is just another branch of satire, but the branch is strayed away from its

parent branch which conveys a sort of inevitable evil that will most likely occur in the

future. It is a satire so disfigured that we could not even laugh for its hints of reality and

its own demonic nature.

This article simply guided me into a different thought process when digesting the

works of Dystopia. The novel that writes of a Dystopia will convey a tone of tragic

certainty upon the thought the world we live in will eventually become the world that is

written in the book. This type of thought process will give an everlasting yearn for truth

through every mind that traces its eyes and tattoos the words of a Dystopian novel onto

the part of the brain controlling critical thinking. This explanation of a Dystopia gives me

the incentive to doubt everything presented in front of me. It forces me to question the

very fabric of our society.

Green, Vivien. "Utopia/Dystopia." The University of Chicago Press Journals 25.2 (2011): 2-7.

JSTOR. Web.

In this passage, utopia is explained as an elastic concept. What constitutes society

remains a point or disagreement. Utopias tend to show up in texts more than anything.

They have been seen in religious groups, by the way people decorate their home, as well

as architecture. People can even create their own utopian society via the internet due to its

endless possibilities.

Before I read this, I didnt know utopias were used in other places outside of

literature. I also didnt know that the early utopia existed in the New World because it

was pure. This information can be used in the project when defining what a utopia is and
 the origins of it. Knowing this will help my teammates and I really understand what a

utopia is.

Kaplan, Carter. "The Advent of Literary Dystopia." Extrapolation (Kent State University Press),

vol. 40, no. 3, Fall99, pp. 200-212.

This article by Carter Kaplan, emphasizes the difference between a literary

dystopia and a menippean satire. Through Kaplans details, it is easy for the reader to

understand what a dystopia is as compared to satire. Although they may seem alike, this

article gives in depth details about the difference. This article also implies a philosophical

approach to a dystopia, instead of the usual pattern of social corruption. Throughout,

Kaplan evokes various novels that support his idea of a philosophical approach to

dystopias and describes many important philosophical figures in history. At the end,

Kaplan provides the readers with a list of novels and films in terms of what is satire and

what is dystopia.

Overall, this article was well-written but a bit hard to understand. The information

being presented was hard to comprehend and actually retain, but the support and

commentary was very specific. The list at the end really helps the reader visually see and

understand how satire and dystopia are different and their unique purpose. This article

was useful for the project when analysis the film chosen, I, Robot. One of the required

parts of the project was to determine whether I, Robot was satire or a dystopia. These

article provides an in depth breakdown of each, which makes it easier to fit the movie

into one category.

Lederer, Richard. Shaping the Dystopian Nightmare. The English Journal, vol. 56, no. 8, 1967,

pp. 11321135.
 In this article, Richard Lederer gives an insight of how he taught dystopian

literature in his career and it allows the readers to understand dystopia in a different

perspective. Throughout the article, the idea of dystopia is presented in several ways,

from focusing on drugs to the most neutral objects such as candy. The article also

provides examples of these various interpretations of a dystopia and allows the reader to

understand that dystopian literature is not just about social corruption such as technology

and that it does not always have to be serious. At the end of the article, Richard breaks

down the word dystopia and its creation in terms of prefixes and suffixes meanings. This

article provides the historic background of the word dystopia and where it was derived

from. Lastly, Richard also provided the reader with his techniques of how to write a

dystopian paper which made it easier for the reader to understand what might have been

going through a dystopian authors mind when writing their dystopian novels, and the

message behind it.

Overall this article was useful in understanding what dystopia was and how it can

be seen in different ways. For the project, it made it easier to analyze both the Time

Machine and I, Robot because it opened our eyes to more dystopian characteristics

hidden within the text or movie. Other than that, the article was short and precise but the

information being presented was not as useful for the project because it was a bit off

topic.

Le Guin, Ursula K. "American SF and the Other." Science Fiction Studies 2 (1975): n. pag. Print.

This article talks about aliens in the world. Aliens are basically defined as being

different throughout the text. The passage also explains that people might fear Aliens

because theyre not sure about the nature of them. This fear often may come out as hatred
 or as reverence. If the aliens are more sympathetic, the human heroes are as well. Some

of the different categories people can fall under is: rich, aggressive man, poor and

uneducated, and women. All of these categories see each other as aliens, making it hard

to look past differences.

Knowing this information about how anything different from a being can be

considered an alien helps me better understand the definition of the alien. As for the

project, I can identify many aliens but the main alien seen in the movie would be the

robots. The robots are different from the humans because they are smarter, they are more

efficient, and they are practical. This article has helped me distinguish these elements

found in the robots.

McAlear, Rob. The Value of Fear: Toward a Rhetorical Model of Dystopia. Thesis. Case Western

Reserve University, n.d. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.

This essay discusses the difference between anti-utopias and dystopias. Anti-

utopias use fear but use it in the way to keep things as they are. Two ways fear can be

instilled is civil fear and dichotomous. Civil fear is where fear argues for changes

ethically, it makes people realize the problems facing the political community.

Dichotomous fear appeals goal is to gain compliance with message sources recommend

response. Dystopias encourage deliberation in the reader without having a clear solution.

McAlear then goes into greater detail about the two different dystopia.

I believe this thesis is very beneficial towards the project because when trying to

explain whether or not the movie and book are dystopias, I can look at the information

provided and put it to use. This thesis gives very good description on dystopias and what

is used to get people to change their habits now.

pp. 154-160.

This article by Alexander Nazaryan, focuses on the difference between a utopia

and a dystopia, and its reality to society. The article analyzes several old dystopian novels

and describes their meanings and their purpose of calling for a change. Alexander also

comments on how today, most of the dystopian novels being written focus on just

technology and other minor social issues and less on politics, which is what oldest

dystopian authors wrote about. Furthermore, the article emphasizes on the issues of today

and how that has affected society as a whole and allows dystopian authors to gain

inspiration from the corruption humans themselves are creating. Towards the end of the

article, Alexander gives sort of an advice to the readers of trying to at least change their

society.

This article is very short, and in my opinion lacks a bit of important information.

Although it did specify some ideas, the ideas presented were broad and not described in

depth. Overall though, the article did hold sustainable information that was helpful when

understanding the evolution of dystopia over time. Alexanders way of explaining the

main focuses of the old dystopias versus the modern dystopias allowed us to clearly

analyze the change in dystopian novels.

Raffaella Baccolini, Dystopia Matters: On the Use of Dystopia and Utopia, Spaces of Utopia:

An Electronic Journal, nr. 3, Autumn/Winter 2006, pp. 1-4 <http://ler.letras.up.pt > ISSN

1646-4729.

Raffaella Baccolini here is writing of her experiences with both the Utopia and the

Dystopia. In her journey in the world of academia she found that the works are very
controversial and that there were many disagreements with intellectuals on the very ideas

of Dystopian and Utopian writing. She discussed her very own opinion on The

Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood. Dystopia to her is the concept of living in an

oppressive society to which she refers to the Dystopia of Women living in the male

dominated world. To her the Dystopia explains the suffering or potential suffering of

societies to come. The Utopia is the equally important brother of Dystopia which puts the

mind towards dreaming and imagining a better world than the current one.

Although this article is mainly philosophical and biased towards her own beliefs it

gives me more room in my critical thinking to ponder on the concepts of Utopia and

Dystopia. It was with this article that made me think of the infinite possibilities of

Dystopias and Utopias since every single body has a different opinion. She gave me the

tools to think of Dystopias and Utopias through the eyes of another soul.