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    Chapter 8 Surds

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    isele1977
    The document summarizes key concepts about surds including: - Surds are square roots of non-rational numbers like √2 that are left in radical form. - General rules for operations with surds including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and squaring. - Methods for simplifying surds including factoring out the greatest perfect square and rationalizing denominators by multiplying the fraction by the denominator or its opposite. - Worked examples demonstrating simplifying surds and rationalizing denominators. - Exercises practicing simplifying surds, expanding and simplifying expressions with surds, and rewriting expressions with rational denominators.

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    Chapter 8 Surds

    Uploaded by

    isele1977
    208 views2 pages
    The document summarizes key concepts about surds including: - Surds are square roots of non-rational numbers like √2 that are left in radical form. - General rules for operations with surds including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and squaring. - Methods for simplifying surds including factoring out the greatest perfect square and rationalizing denominators by multiplying the fraction by the denominator or its opposite. - Worked examples demonstrating simplifying surds and rationalizing denominators. - Exercises practicing simplifying surds, expanding and simplifying expressions with surds, and rewriting expressions with rational denominators.

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    The document summarizes key concepts about surds including: - Surds are square roots of non-rational numbers like √2 that are left in radical form. - General rules for operations with surds including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and squaring. - Methods for simplifying surds including factoring out the greatest perfect square and rationalizing denominators by multiplying the fraction by the denominator or its opposite. - Worked examples demonstrating simplifying surds and rationalizing denominators. - Exercises practicing simplifying surds, expanding and simplifying expressions with surds, and rewriting expressions with rational denominators.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    208 views2 pages

    Chapter 8 Surds

    Uploaded by

    isele1977
    The document summarizes key concepts about surds including: - Surds are square roots of non-rational numbers like √2 that are left in radical form. - General rules for operations with surds including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and squaring. - Methods for simplifying surds including factoring out the greatest perfect square and rationalizing denominators by multiplying the fraction by the denominator or its opposite. - Worked examples demonstrating simplifying surds and rationalizing denominators. - Exercises practicing simplifying surds, expanding and simplifying expressions with surds, and rewriting expressions with rational denominators.

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    Chapter 8: SURDS

    Surds are square roots of numbers which dont simplify into a whole (or rational) number: e.g.
    2 1.414213... but it is more accurate to leave it as a surd: 2

    General rules
    a b ab
    a a

    b b
    a a a2 a

    But you cannot do:


    a b ab
    These are NOT equal
    ( a b )( a b ) a 2 ab ab b 2 a b

    Simplifying Surds

    Find the largest square numbers and simplify as far as possible


    Worked Examples
    18 29 2 9 2 3 3 2 Careful - this is 3 times the square root of 2 NOT
    the cube root of 2

    Rationalising the Denominator


    This is a fancy way of saying getting rid of the surd on the bottom of a fraction. We multiply the
    fraction by the denominator (or the denominator with the sign swapped)
    Worked Examples
    1 1 3 1 3 3 a
    1. Rationalise we multiply by which is the same as
    3 3 3 3 3 3 a
    multiplying by 1, which means we dont fundamentally change the fraction.
    3 3 5 3 5 3 5
    2. Rationalise
    2 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 10
    1 1 5 2 1 ( 5 2)
    Rationalise
    3. 5 2 5 2 5 2 ( 5 2) ( 5 2)
    5 2 5 2 5 2

    ( 5 2 5 2 5 2 )
    2 2
    5 10 10 2 3
    2 2 3 2 1 2 (3 2 1)
    Rationalis e
    4. 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 (3 2 1) (3 2 1)
    3 2 2
    2
    3 2 2 6 2

    (3 2
    2 3 2 3 2 1 )
    2 2 9 2 1 17
    Exercise A:
    Simplify the surds

    1) 12
    2) 125
    3) 48
    4) 72
    5) 27

    Exercise B:
    Expand and simplify
    1)
    2 3 5
    2) 6 2 8
    3) 4( 5 3)
    4) (2 3 )(1 3)
    5) (3 5 )(3 2 5)
    6) (2 5) (2 3)
    7) (1 2 )(1 3)
    8) (8 2 )(8 2)
    9) ( 3 5 )( 3 5)

    Exercise C:
    Rewrite the following expressions with rational denominators
    3 1
    1) 7)
    5 3 1
    4 4
    2) 8)
    8 62
    9 7
    3) 9)
    48 7 2
    2 1 3
    4) 10)
    2 5 1
    3 1 3 1
    5) 11)
    5 5
    4 5 1
    6) 12)
    3 2 5 3

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