Lookup/Ref Functions

ADDRESS (WS) Returns a text representation of a cell address

AREAS (WS) Returns the number of ranges in a reference
CHOOSE (WS, VBA) Returns a value from a list of values based on a given position
COLUMN (WS) Returns the column number of a cell reference
COLUMNS (WS) Returns the number of columns in a cell reference
Performs a horizontal lookup by searching for a value in the top row
HLOOKUP (WS)
returning the value in the same column based on the index_number
HYPERLINK (WS) Creates a shortcut to a file or Internet address
INDEX (WS) Returns either the value or the reference to a value from a table or r
INDIRECT (WS) Returns the reference to a cell based on its string representation
LOOKUP (WS) Returns a value from a range (one row or one column) or from an a
MATCH (WS) Searches for a value in an array and returns the relative position of
OFFSET (WS) Returns a reference to a range that is offset a number of rows and c
ROW (WS) Returns the row number of a cell reference
ROWS (WS) Returns the number of rows in a cell reference
TRANSPOSE (WS) Returns a transposed range of cells
Performs a vertical lookup by searching for a value in the first colum
VLOOKUP (WS)
returning the value in the same row in the index_number position

String/Text Functions

ASC (VBA) Returns ASCII value of a character

CHAR (WS) Returns the character based on the ASCII value
CHR (VBA) Returns the character based on the ASCII value
CLEAN (WS) Removes all nonprintable characters from a string
CODE (WS) Returns the ASCII value of a character or the first character in a cel
CONCAT (WS) Used to join 2 or more strings together
CONCATENATE (WS) Used to join 2 or more strings together (replaced by CONCAT Func
CONCATENATE with & (WS, Used to join 2 or more strings together using the & operator
VBA)

DOLLAR (WS) Converts a number to text, using a currency format

EXACT (WS) Compares two strings and returns TRUE if both values are the sam
FIND (WS) Returns the location of a substring in a string (case-sensitive)
Returns a text representation of a number rounded to a specified nu
FIXED (WS)
places
FORMAT STRINGS (VBA) Takes a string expression and returns it as a formatted string
INSTR (VBA) Returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string
Returns the position of the first occurrence of a string in another stri
INSTRREV (VBA)
end of the string
LCASE (VBA) Converts a string to lowercase
LEFT (WS, VBA) Extract a substring from a string, starting from the left-most characte
LEN (WS, VBA) Returns the length of the specified string
LOWER (WS) Converts all letters in the specified string to lowercase
LTRIM (VBA) Removes leading spaces from a string
MID (WS, VBA) Extracts a substring from a string (starting at any position)
PROPER (WS) Sets the first character in each word to uppercase and the rest to lo
REPLACE (WS) Replaces a sequence of characters in a string with another set of ch
REPLACE (VBA) Replaces a sequence of characters in a string with another set of ch
REPT (WS) Returns a repeated text value a specified number of times
RIGHT (WS, VBA) Extracts a substring from a string starting from the right-most chara
RTRIM (VBA) Removes trailing spaces from a string
SEARCH (WS) Returns the location of a substring in a string
SPACE (VBA) Returns a string with a specified number of spaces
SPLIT (VBA) Used to split a string into substrings based on a delimiter
STR (VBA) Returns a string representation of a number
STRCOMP (VBA) Returns an integer value representing the result of a string comparis
STRCONV (VBA) Returns a string converted to uppercase, lowercase, proper case or
STRREVERSE (VBA) Returns a string whose characters are in reverse order
SUBSTITUTE (WS) Replaces a set of characters with another
T (WS) Returns the text referred to by a value
TEXT (WS) Returns a value converted to text with a specified format
TEXTJOIN (WS) Used to join 2 or more strings together separated by a delimiter
TRIM (WS, VBA) Returns a text value with the leading and trailing spaces removed
UCASE (VBA) Converts a string to all uppercase
UPPER (WS) Convert text to all uppercase
VAL (VBA) Returns the numbers found in a string
VALUE (WS) Converts a text value that represents a number to a number

Date/Time Functions

DATE (WS) Returns the serial date value for a date

DATE (VBA) Returns the current system date
DATEADD (VBA) Returns a date after which a certain time/date interval has been add
DATEDIF (WS) Returns the difference between two date values, based on the inter
DATEDIFF (VBA) Returns the difference between two date values, based on the inter
DATEPART (VBA) Returns a specified part of a given date
DATESERIAL (VBA) Returns a date given a year, month, and day value
DATEVALUE (WS, VBA) Returns the serial number of a date
DAY (WS, VBA) Returns the day of the month (a number from 1 to 31) given a date
DAYS (WS) Returns the number of days between 2 dates
DAYS360 (WS) Returns the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day
EDATE (WS) Adds a specified number of months to a date and returns the result
Calculates the last day of the month after adding a specified numbe
EOMONTH (WS)
date
FORMAT DATES (VBA) Takes a date expression and returns it as a formatted string
HOUR (WS, VBA) Returns the hours (a number from 0 to 23) from a time value
ISOWEEKNUM (WS) Returns the ISO week number for a date
MINUTE (WS, VBA) Returns the minutes (a number from 0 to 59) from a time value
MONTH (WS, VBA) Returns the month (a number from 1 to 12) given a date value
MONTHNAME (VBA) Returns a string representing the month given a number from 1 to 1
NETWORKDAYS (WS) Returns the number of work days between 2 dates, excluding week
NETWORKDAYS.INTL (WS) Returns the number of work days between 2 dates, excluding week
NOW (WS, VBA) Returns the current system date and time
SECOND (WS) Returns the seconds (a number from 0 to 59) from a time value
TIME (WS) Returns a decimal number given an hour, minute and second value
TIMESERIAL (VBA) Returns a time given an hour, minute, and second value
TIMEVALUE (WS, VBA) Returns the serial number of a time
TODAY (WS) Returns the current system date
WEEKDAY (WS, VBA) Returns a number representing the day of the week, given a date va
WEEKDAYNAME (VBA) Returns a string representing the day of the week given a number fr
WEEKNUM (WS) Returns the week number for a date
WORKDAY (WS) Adds a specified number of work days to a date and returns the res
Adds a specified number of work days to a date and returns the res
WORKDAY.INTL (WS)
(customizable weekends)
YEAR (WS, VBA) Returns a four-digit year (a number from 1900 to 9999) given a date
YEARFRAC (WS) Returns the number of days between 2 dates as a year fraction

Math/Trig Functions

ABS (WS, VBA) Returns the absolute value of a number

ACOS (WS) Returns the arccosine (in radians) of a number
ACOSH (WS) Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
Apply functions such AVERAGE, SUM, COUNT, MAX or MIN and ig
AGGREGATE (WS)
hidden rows
ASIN (WS) Returns the arcsine (in radians) of a number
ASINH (WS) Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
ATAN (WS) Returns the arctangent (in radians) of a number
ATAN2 (WS) Returns the arctangent (in radians) of (x,y) coordinates
ATANH (WS) Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
ATN (VBA) Returns the arctangent of a number
CEILING (WS) Returns a number rounded up based on a multiple of significance
Returns a number rounded up to the nearest integer or to the neare
CEILING.PRECISE (WS)
significance
COMBIN (WS) Returns the number of combinations for a specified number of items
Returns the number of combinations for a specified number of items
COMBINA (WS)
repetitions
COS (WS, VBA) Returns the cosine of an angle
COSH (WS) Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
DEGREES (WS) Converts radians into degrees
EVEN (WS) Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
EXP (WS, VBA) Returns e raised to the nth power
FACT (WS) Returns the factorial of a number
FIX (VBA) Returns the integer portion of a number
FLOOR (WS) Returns a number rounded down based on a multiple of significanc
FORMAT NUMBERS (VBA) Takes a numeric expression and returns it as a formatted string
INT (WS, VBA) Returns the integer portion of a number
LN (WS) Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG (WS, VBA) Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
LOG10 (WS) Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
MDETERM (WS) Returns the matrix determinant of an array
MINVERSE (WS) Returns the inverse matrix for a given matrix
MMULT (WS) Returns the matrix product of two arrays
MOD (WS) Returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor
ODD (WS) Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
PI (WS) Returns the mathematical constant called pi
POWER (WS) Returns the result of a number raised to a given power
PRODUCT (WS) Multiplies the numbers and returns the product
RADIANS (WS) Converts degrees into radians
RAND (WS) Returns a random number that is greater than or equal to 0 and les
RANDBETWEEN (WS) Returns a random number that is between a bottom and top range
Used to change the seed value used by the random number genera
RANDOMIZE (VBA)
function
RND (VBA) Used to generate a random number (integer value)
ROMAN (WS) Converts a number to roman numeral
ROUND (WS) Returns a number rounded to a specified number of digits
ROUND (VBA) Returns a number rounded to a specified number of digits
ROUNDDOWN (WS) Returns a number rounded down to a specified number of digits
ROUNDUP (WS) Returns a number rounded up to a specified number of digits
SGN (VBA) Returns the sign of a number
SIGN (WS) Returns the sign of a number
SIN (WS, VBA) Returns the sine of an angle
SINH (WS) Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
SQR (VBA) Returns the square root of a number
SQRT (WS) Returns the square root of a number
SUBTOTAL (WS) Returns the subtotal of the numbers in a column in a list or databas
SUM (WS) Adds all numbers in a range of cells
SUMIF (WS) Adds all numbers in a range of cells based on one criteria
SUMIFS (WS) Adds all numbers in a range of cells, based on a single or multiple c
SUMPRODUCT (WS) Multiplies the corresponding items in the arrays and returns the sum
SUMSQ (WS) Returns the sum of the squares of a series of values
SUMX2MY2 (WS) Returns the sum of the difference of squares between two arrays
SUMX2PY2 (WS) Returns the sum of the squares of corresponding items in the array
Returns the sum of the squares of the differences between correspo
SUMXMY2 (WS)
arrays
TAN (WS, VBA) Returns the tangent of an angle
TANH (WS) Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
TRUNC (WS) Returns a number truncated to a specified number of digits

Statistical Functions

AVEDEV (WS) Returns the average of the absolute deviations of the numbers prov
AVERAGE (WS) Returns the average of the numbers provided
AVERAGEA (WS) Returns the average of the numbers provided and treats TRUE as 1
AVERAGEIF (WS) Returns the average of all numbers in a range of cells, based on a g
AVERAGEIFS (WS) Returns the average of all numbers in a range of cells, based on mu
BETA.DIST (WS) Returns the beta distribution
BETA.INV (WS) Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density functi
BETADIST (WS) Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
BETAINV (WS) Returns the inverse of the cumulative beta probability density functi
BINOM.DIST (WS) Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distrib
BINOM.INV (WS)
or equal to a criterion
BINOMDIST (WS) Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
CHIDIST (WS) Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHIINV (WS) Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared d
CHITEST (WS) Returns the value from the chi-squared distribution
Counts the number of cells that contain numbers as well as the num
COUNT (WS)
that contain numbers
 Counts the number of cells that are not empty as well as the numbe
COUNTA (WS)
arguments provided
COUNTBLANK (WS) Counts the number of empty cells in a range
COUNTIF (WS) Counts the number of cells in a range, that meets a given criteria
COUNTIFS (WS) Counts the number of cells in a range, that meets a single or multip
COVAR (WS) Returns the covariance, the average of the products of deviations fo
FORECAST (WS) Returns a prediction of a future value based on existing values prov
Returns how often values occur within a set of data. It returns a ver
FREQUENCY (WS)
numbers
GROWTH (WS) Returns the predicted exponential growth based on existing values
INTERCEPT (WS) Returns the y-axis intersection point of a line using x-axis values an
LARGE (WS) Returns the nth largest value from a set of values
Uses the least squares method to calculate the statistics for a straig
LINEST (WS)
an array describing that line
MAX (WS) Returns the largest value from the numbers provided
MAXA (WS) Returns the largest value from the values provided (numbers, text a
MEDIAN (WS) Returns the median of the numbers provided
MIN (WS) Returns the smallest value from the numbers provided
MINA (WS) Returns the smallest value from the values provided (numbers, text
PERCENTILE (WS) Returns the nth percentile from a set of values
PERCENTRANK (WS) Returns the nth percentile from a set of values
PERMUT (WS) Returns the number of permutations for a specified number of items
QUARTILE (WS) Returns the quartile from a set of values
RANK (WS) Returns the rank of a number within a set of numbers
Returns the slope of a regression line based on the data points iden
SLOPE (WS)
known_y_values and known_x_values
SMALL (WS) Returns the nth smallest value from a set of values
STDEV (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on a sample o
Returns the standard deviation of a population based on a sample o
STDEVA (WS)
logical values
Returns the standard deviation of a population based on an entire p
STDEVP (WS)
numbers
Returns the standard deviation of a population based on an entire p
STDEVPA (WS)
numbers, text, and logical values
VAR (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on a sample of numbers
 Returns the variance of a population based on a sample of numbers
VARA (WS)
values
VARP (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on an entire population
Returns the variance of a population based on an entire population
VARPA (WS)
and logical values

Logical Functions

AND (WS) Returns TRUE if all conditions are TRUE

AND (VBA) Returns TRUE if all conditions are TRUE
CASE (VBA) Has the functionality of an IF-THEN-ELSE statement
FALSE (WS) Returns a logical value of FALSE
FOR...NEXT (VBA) Used to create a FOR LOOP
IF (WS) Returns one value if the condition is TRUE or another value if the co
IF (more than 7) (WS) Nest more than 7 IF functions
IF (up to 7) (WS) Nest up to 7 IF functions
Returns a value if a specified condition evaluates to TRUE or anoth
IF-THEN-ELSE (VBA)
evaluates to FALSE
IFERROR (WS) Used to return an alternate value if a formula results in an error
IFNA (WS) Used to return an alternate value if a formula results in #N/A error
IFS (WS) Specify multiple IF conditions within 1 function
NOT (WS) Returns the reversed logical value
OR (WS) Returns TRUE if any of the conditions are TRUE
OR (VBA) Returns TRUE if any of the conditions are TRUE
SWITCH (WS) Compares an expression to a list of values and returns the correspo
Evaluates a list of expressions and returns the corresponding value
SWITCH (VBA)
expression in the list that is TRUE
TRUE (WS) Returns a logical value of TRUE
WHILE...WEND (VBA) Used to create a WHILE LOOP

Information Functions

CELL (WS) Used to retrieve information about a cell such as contents, formattin
ENVIRON (VBA) Returns the value of an operating system environment variable
ERROR.TYPE (WS) Returns the numeric representation of an Excel error
INFO (WS) Returns information about the operating environment
ISBLANK (WS) Used to check for blank or null values
ISDATE (VBA) Returns TRUE if the expression is a valid date
ISEMPTY (VBA) Used to check for blank cells or uninitialized variables
ISERR (WS) Used to check for error values except #N/A
ISERROR (WS, VBA) Used to check for error values
ISLOGICAL (WS) Used to check for a logical value (TRUE or FALSE)
ISNA (WS) Used to check for #N/A error
ISNONTEXT (WS) Used to check for a value that is not text
ISNULL (VBA) Used to check for a NULL value
ISNUMBER (WS) Used to check for a numeric value
ISNUMERIC (VBA) Used to check for a numeric value
ISREF (WS) Used to check for a reference
ISTEXT (WS) Used to check for a text value
N (WS) Converts a value to a number
NA (WS) Returns the #N/A error value
TYPE (WS) Returns the type of a value

Financial Functions

ACCRINT (WS) Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest on a pe
ACCRINTM (WS) Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at matu
Returns the linear depreciation of an asset for each accounting peri
AMORDEGRC (WS)
basis
AMORLINC (WS) Returns the depreciation of an asset for each accounting period, on
DB (WS) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the fixed-declining b
DDB (WS, VBA) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the double-declining
FV (WS, VBA) Returns the future value of an investment
IPMT (WS, VBA) Returns the interest payment for an investment
IRR (WS, VBA) Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
ISPMT (WS) Returns the interest payment for an investment
MIRR (WS, VBA) Returns the modified internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
NPER (WS, VBA) Returns the number of periods for an investment
NPV (WS, VBA) Returns the net present value of an investment
PMT (WS, VBA) Returns the payment amount for a loan
PPMT (WS, VBA) Returns the payment on the principal for a particular payment
PV (WS, VBA) Returns the present value of an investment
RATE (WS, VBA) Returns the interest rate for an annuity
SLN (WS, VBA) Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the straight-line depr
Returns the depreciation of an asset based on the sum-of-years' dig
SYD (WS, VBA)
method
Returns the depreciation of an asset based on a variable declining b
VDB (WS)
method
XIRR (WS) Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows that ma

Database Functions

DAVERAGE (WS) Averages all numbers in a column in a list or database, based on a

Returns the number of cells in a column or database that contains n
DCOUNT (WS)
meets a given criteria
Returns the number of cells in a column or database that contains n
DCOUNTA (WS)
meets a given criteria
DGET (WS) Retrieves from a database a single record that matches a given crit
DMAX (WS) Returns the largest number in a column in a list or database, based
DMIN (WS) Returns the smallest number in a column in a list or database, base
Returns the product of the numbers in a column in a list or database
DPRODUCT (WS)
criteria
DSTDEV (WS) Returns the standard deviation of a population based on a sample o
Returns the standard deviation of a population based on the entire p
DSTDEVP (WS)
numbers
DSUM (WS) Sums the numbers in a column or database that meets a given crite
DVAR (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on a sample of numbers
DVARP (WS) Returns the variance of a population based on the entire population

Engineering Functions

BIN2DEC (WS) Converts a binary number to a decimal number

BIN2HEX (WS) Converts a binary number to a hexadecimal number
BIN2OCT (WS) Converts a binary number to an octal number
COMPLEX (WS) Converts coefficients (real and imaginary) into a complex number
CONVERT (WS) Convert a number from one measurement unit to another measurem

File/Directory Functions

CHDIR (VBA) Used to change the current directory or folder

CHDRIVE (VBA) Used to change the current drive
CURDIR (VBA) Returns the current path
DIR (VBA) Returns the first filename that matches the pathname and attributes
FILEDATETIME (VBA) Returns the date and time of when a file was created or last modifie
FILELEN (VBA) Returns the size of a file in bytes
GETATTR (VBA) Returns an integer that represents the attributes of a file, folder, or d
MKDIR (VBA) Used to create a new folder or directory
SETATTR (VBA) Used to set the attributes of a file

Data Type Conv. Functions

CBOOL (VBA) Converts a value to a boolean

CBYTE (VBA) Converts a value to a byte (ie: number between 0 and 255)
CCUR (VBA) Converts a value to currency
CDATE (VBA) Converts a value to a date
CDBL (VBA) Converts a value to a double
CDEC (VBA) Converts a value to a decimal number
CINT (VBA) Converts a value to an integer
CLNG (VBA) Converts a value to a long integer
CSNG (VBA) Converts a value to a single-precision number
CSTR (VBA) Converts a value to a string
CVAR (VBA) Converts a value to a variant