Title: Advanced Networking Questions and Answers

1. When configuring the subnet mask for an IP address, which formats can be
used?
* dotted-decimal.
* Hexadecimal
* Bit-count
* Octal
* Binary
Correct answer: A, B &C
2. You are given the following address: 153.50.6.27/25. Determine the subnet
mask, address class, subnet address, and broadcast address.
* 255.255.255.128, B,153.50.6.0, 153.50.6.127
* 255.255.255.128, C,153.50.6.0, 153.50.6.127
* 255.255.255.128, C,153.50.6.127, 153.50.6.0
* 255.255.255.224, C,153.50.6.0, 153.50.6.127
Correct answer: A
3. You are given the following address: 128.16.32.13/30. Determine the subnet
mask, address class, subnet address,
and broadcast address.
* 255.255.255.252, B,128.16.32.12, 128.16.32.15
* 255.255.255.252, C,128.16.32.12, 128.16.32.15
* 255.255.255.252, B,128.16.32.15, 128.16.32.12
* 255.255.255.248, B,128.16.32.12, 128.16.32.15
Correct answer: A
4. You are given the following address: 15.16.193.6/21. Determine the subnet
mask, address class, subnet address,
and broadcast address.
* 255.255.248.0, A, 15.16.192.0, 15.16.199.255
* 255.255.248.0, B, 15.16.192.0, 15.16.199.255
* 255.255.248.0, A, 15.16.199.255, 14.15.192.0
* 255.255.242.0, A, 15.16.192.0, 15.16.199.255
Correct answer: A
5. You have an IP host address of 201.222.5.121 and a subnet mask of
255.255.255.248. What is the broadcast address?
* 201.222.5.127
* 201.222.5.120
* 201.222.5.121
* 201.222.5.122
Correct answer: A
The easiest way to calculate this is to subtract 255.255.255.248 (subnet mask) from
255.255.255.255, this
equals 7. Convert the address 201.222.5.121 to binary–11001001 11011110
00000101 01111001. Convert the
mask 255.255.255.248 to binary–11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000. AND
them together to get: 11001001 11011110
6. 01111000 or 201.222.5.120. 201.222.5.120 is the subnet address, add 7 to this
address for 201.222.5.127 or
the broadcast address. 201.222.5.121 through 201.222.5.126 are the valid host
addresses.
7. Given the address 172.16.2.120 and the subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. How
many hosts are available?
* 254
* 510
* 126
* 16,372
Correct answer: A
172.16.2 120 is a standard Class B address with a subnet mask that allows 254
hosts. You are a network administrator and have been assigned the IP address of
 201.222.5.0. You need to have 20 subnets with 5 hosts per subnet. The subnet mask
is 255.255.255.248.
8. Which addresses are valid host addresses?
* 201.222.5.17
* 201.222.5.18
* 201.222.5.16
* 201.222.5.19
* 201.222.5.31
Correct answer: A,B & D
Subnet addresses in this situation are all in multiples of 8. In this example,
201.222.5.16 is the subnet, 201.22.5.31 is the broadcast address. The rest are valid
host IDs on subnet 201.222.5.16.
9. You are a network administrator and have been assigned the IP address of
201.222.5.0. You need to have 20 subnets with
10. hosts per subnet. What subnet mask will you use?
* 255.255.255.248
* 255.255.255.128
* 255.255.255.192
* 255.255.255.240
Correct answer: A
By borrowing 5 bits from the last octet, you can. have 30 subnets. If you borrowed
only 4 bits you could only have 14 subnets. The formula is (2 to the power of n)-2. By
borrowing 4 bits, you have (2×2x2×2)-2=14. By borrowing 5 bits, you have
(2×2x2×2x2)-2=30. To get 20 subnets, you would need to borrow 5 bits so the subnet
mask would be 255.255.255.248.
11. You are given the IP address of 172.16.2.160 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.
What is the network address in binary?
* 10101100 00010000
* 00000010 10100000
* 10101100 00000000
* 11100000 11110000
Correct answer: A
To find the network address, convert the IP address to binary–10101100 000100000
00000010 10100000–then ANDed it with the subnet mask–11111111 11111111
00000000 00000000. The rest is 10101100 00010000 00000000 00000000, which is
172.16.0.0 in decimal.
The first octet rule states that the class of an address can be determined by the
numerical value of the first octet.
12. Which addresses are INCORRECTLY paired with their class?
* 128 to 191, Class B
* 192 to 223 Class B
* 128 to 191, Class C
* 192 to 223, Class C
Correct answer: B & C
Address classes are: 1 to 126, Class A; 128 to 191, Class B, 192 to 223, Class C;
224 to 239, Class D; and
13. Which addresses are INCORRECTLY paired with their class?
* 1 to 126, Class A
* 128 to 191, Class A
* 1 to 126, Class B
* 128 to 191, Class B
Correct answer: B & C.
Address classes are: 1 to 126, Class A; 128 to 191, Class B, 192 to 223, Class C;
224 to 239, Class D; and .
14. Which addresses are INCORRECTLY paired with their class?
* 240 - 255, Class D
* 240 - 255, Class E
* 224 - 239, Class D
* 224 - 239, Class E
Correct answer: A & D
 Address classes are: 1 to 126, Class A; 128 to 191, Class B, 192 to 223, Class C;
224 to 239, Class D; and 240 to 255, Class E.
15. Which IP Address Class is INCORRECTLY paired with its range of network
numbers?
* Class A addresses include 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.0
* Class A addresses include 1.0.0.0 through 126.0.0.0
* Class B addresses include 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.0.0
* Class C addresses include 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.0
* Class D addresses include 224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.0
Correct answer: A
Class A addresses include 1.0.0.0 through 126.0.0.0
Class B addresses include 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.0.0
Class C addresses include 192.0.0.0 through 223.255.255.0
Class D addresses include 224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.0
16. Which IP Address Class can have 16 million subnets but support 254 hosts?
* Class C
* Class A
* Class B
* Class D
Correct answer: A
Possible Subnets IP Address Class Possible Hosts
17. Which IP Address Class can have 64,000 subnets with 64,000 hosts per
subnet?
* Class B
* Class A
* Class C
* Class D
Correct answer: A
IP Address Class Possible Subnets Possible Hosts
18. There are two processes to pair MAC address with IP addresses. Which
process finds an IP address from a MAC address?
* RARP
* ARP
* RIP
* IGRP
Correct answer: A
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) maps an IP address to the MAC address, RARP
(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) maps the MAC address to the IP address.
ARP and RARP work at the internet layer of the Internet Model or the network layer of
the OSI model.
19. When the router runs out of buffer space, this is called ________.
* Source Quench
* Redirect
* Information Request
* Low Memory
Correct answer: A
Source quench is the process where the destination router, or end internetworking
device will “quench” the date from the “source”, or the source router. This usually
happens when the destination router runs out of buffer space to process packets.
20. Which protocol carries messages such as destination Unreachable, Time
Exceeded, Parameter Problem, Source Quench, Redirect, Echo, Echo Reply,
Timestamp, Information Request, Information Reply, Address Request, and
Address Reply?
* ICMP
* UDP
* TCP
* TFTP
* FTP
Correct answer: A
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a network layer internet protocol
 described in RFC # 792. ICMP reports IP packet information such as destination
Unreachable, Time Exceeded, Parameter Problem, Source Quench, Redirect, Echo,
Echo Reply, Timestamp, Information Request, Information Reply, Address Request,
and Address Reply.
21. Two of the protocols that can be carried in the Protocol field of an IP packet
are?
* TCP
* UDP
* FTP
* TFTP
Correct answer: A & B
The following are the fields in an IP segment,
their length, and their definitions:
VERS (Version number - 16 bits)
HLEN (Number of 32-bit words in the header - 4 bits)
Type of Server (How the datagram should be handled - 32 bits)
Total Length (Total length of header and data - 32 bits)
Identification (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 4 bits)
Flags (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the internet - 4
bits)
Frag Offset (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 6 bits)
TTL (Time-To-Live - 6 bits)
Protocol (Upperlayer protocol sending the datagram - 16 bits)
Header Checksum )Integrity check on the header - 16 bits)
Source IP Address (32 bits)
Destination IP Address (32 bits)
IP Options (network testing, debugging, security and others - 4 bits)
Data (4 bits).
22. Where would network testing be included in an IP packet?
* IP Options field
* Identification field
* Type of Service field
* Reservation field
Correct answer: A
The following are the fields in an IP segment, their length, and their definitions:
VERS (Version number - 16 bits)
HLEN (Number of 32-bit words in the header - 4 bits)
Type of Server (How the datagram should be handled - 32 bits)
Total Length (Total length of header and data - 32 bits)
Identification (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 4 bits)
Flags (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the internet - 4
bits)
Frag Offset (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 6 bits)
TTL (Time-To-Live - 6 bits)
Protocol (Upper layer protocol sending the datagram - 16 bits)
Header Checksum )Integrity check on the header - 16 bits)
Source IP Address (32 bits)
Destination IP Address (32 bits)
IP Options (network testing, debugging, security and others - 4 bits)
Data (4 bits).
23. What field tells the Internet layer how to handle an IP packet?
* Type of Service
* Identification
* Flags
* Frag Offset
Correct answer: A
 The following are the fields in an IP segment, their length, and their definitions:
VERS (Version number - 16 bits)
HLEN (Number of 32-bit words in the header - 4 bits)
Type of Server (How the datagram should be handled - 32 bits)
Total Length (Total length of header and data - 32 bits)
Identification (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 4 bits)
Flags (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the internet - 4
bits)
Frag Offset (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 6 bits)
TTL (Time-To-Live - 6 bits)
Protocol (Upper layer protocol sending the datagram - 16 bits)
Header Checksum )Integrity check on the header - 16 bits)
Source IP Address (32 bits)
Destination IP Address (32 bits)
IP Options (network testing, debugging, security and others - 4 bits) Data (4 bits).
24. Which fields of an IP packet provide for fragmentation of datagrams to allow
differing MTUs in the internet?
* Identification
* Flags
* Frag Offset
* Type of Service
* Total Length
Correct answer: A, B & C
The following are the fields in an IP segment, their length, and their definitions:
VERS (Version number - 16 bits)
HLEN (Number of 32-bit words in the header - 4 bits)
Type of Server (How the datagram should be handled - 32 bits)
Total Length (Total length of header and data - 32 bits)
Identification (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 4 bits)
Flags (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the internet - 4
bits)
Frag Offset (Provide fragmentation of datagrams to allow different MTUs in the
internet - 6 bits)
TTL (Time-To-Live - 6 bits)
Protocol (Upper layer protocol sending the datagram - 16 bits)
Header Checksum )Integrity check on the header - 16 bits)
Source IP Address (32 bits)
Destination IP Address (32 bits)
IP Options (network testing, debugging, security and others - 4 bits)
Data (4 bits).
25. Which processes does TCP, but not UDP, use?
* Windowing
* Acknowledgements
* Source Port
* Destination Port
Correct answer: A & B
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) does not use sequence or acknowledgement fields in
transmission.
UDP is a connectionless and unreliable protocol, since there is no delivery checking
mechanism in the UDP data format.
26. What is the UDP datagram format?
* Source Port - 16 bits, Destination Port - 16 bits, Length - 16 Bits, Checksum - 16
bits, Data
* Destination Port - 16 bits, Source Port - 16 bits, Length - 16 Bits, Checksum - 16
bits, Data
* Source Port - 16 bits, Destination Port - 16 bits, Checksum - 16 Bits, Length - 16
bits, Data
 * Source Port - 8 bits, Destination Port - 8 bits, Length -8 Bits, Checksum - 8 bits,
Data
Correct answer: A
The UDP format for a segment is as follows:
Source Port 16 bits
Destination Port 16 bits
Length 16 bits
Checksum 16 bits
Data xx bits
27. What is the function of DDR on Cisco routers?
* DDR is dial–on-demand routing. It provides a continuous LAN only connection.
* DDR is dial-on-demand routing. It provides routing for high volume traffic.
* DDR is dial–on-demand routing. It provides a continuous WAN connection.
* DDR is dial-on-demand routing. It provides routing for low volume and periodic
traffic.
Correct answer: D
DDR is dial-on-demand routing. It provides routing for low volume and periodic traffic.
It initiates a call to a remote site when there is traffic to transmit.
28. What are the two types of access lists that can be configured on a Cisco
router?
* Standard
* Extended
* Filtering
* Packet
Correct answer: A & B
The access lists are standard and extended. Standard access lists for IP check the
source address of packets that could be routed. Extended access lists can check the
source and destination packet plus check for specific protocols, port numbers, etc.
29. When using access lists, what does a Cisco router check first?
* To see if the packet is routable or bridgeable
* The destination address
* The source address
* The packet contents
Correct answer: A
The first thing checked is to see if the packet is routable or bridgeable. If it is not, the
packet will be dropped.
30. How many access lists are allowed per interface?
* One per port, per protocol
* Two per port, per protocol
* Unlimited
* Router interface +1 per port.
Correct answer: A
Only one access list is allowed per interface. An access list must have conditions that
test true for all packets that use the access list.

Q. Windows explorer is not working , what might be the problem and how you will fix?
 If The successful login is not letting the administrator to enter into the starting screen , then
there will be missing of the browseui.dll,that file should be reinstalled to get the windows
explorer working back.
 
 
Q.What are the components with which the Cisco Aironet components can associate?
 Not all Aironet devices can associate with all other types of Aironet devices. For instance, the
Client Adapter card cannot form a wireless association with a Workgroup Bridge (WGB).
Refer to Cisco Aironet Hardware Association Matrix for a complete description of association
capabilities.
 
Q.What are the different platforms of Cisco Aironet APs available?
 Cisco Aironet 1500 Series
Cisco Aironet 1300 Series
Cisco Aironet 1240 AG Series
Cisco Aironet 1230 AG Series
Cisco Aironet 1200 Series
Cisco Aironet 1130 AG Series
Cisco Aironet 1100 Series
Cisco Aironet 1000 Series
 
Q.WHAT MACS ARE UPGRADEABLE TO THE POWERPC?
 Apple will provide logic board replacements for all Centris, Quadra and WorkGroup Server
models except the Quadra 700,900 and 950. There should also be logic board replacements
for the IIvx, IIvi, LC 475, 520, 550, and 575, Performa 475,476, 550, and 600. Upgraded AV
Macs will lose their special video capabilities, at least initially. Apple will also make available
PowerPC processor upgrade boards that fit into the PDS slots of the Quadra 605, 610, 650,
700, 800, 900, and 950 as well as the Centris 610 and 650 and the Performa 475 and 476.
Macs upgraded via a PDS card run at twice the speed of the system clock. Thus a 25 MHz
68040 Mac with a PDS accelerator will become a 50 MHz PowerMac. You'll be able to
disable the accelerator if you have old software that's not PowerPC compatible or that just
plain runs faster on the older hardware. 68030 desktop Macs with expansion slots will be
upgradeable via third party accelerator cards. Daughtercard upgrades for the Powerbook 500
and Duo 280 series will be available sometime late this summer or early fall.
 
Q.CAN I ADD AN FPU TO MY MAC? CAN I REPLACE THE 68LC040 WITH A 68040?
 All 68020 and 68030 desktop Macs that did not ship with an FPU standard (i.e. the IIsi and
LC series) have special slots that can accommodate an FPU card. All Macs that have the
FPUless 680LC40 CPU run just fine if that chip is replaced with a full 68040 that includes an
FPU. All PowerPC Macs include an integrated FPU. There is no way to add only an FPU to a
68000 Mac like an SE though some third party accelerators do include FPU's as well as faster
CPU's.
 
Q.WHAT'S VRAM?
 Video RAM is where the computer stores the images displayed on your screen. On some
earlier Macs with built-in video (Mac 128, IIci) this was kept in main memory. However it's
considerably more efficient and faster to store the screen image in its own separate RAM.
Generally the more VRAM you have the more colors or shades of gray you can display and
the larger the monitors you can use. The chart below shows the number of colors that can be
displayed at a given resolution with the specified amount of VRAM.
 
Q.What is Exchange Server 2007?
 Exchange Server 2007 is the next version of Exchange Server, the industry's leading server
for e-mail, calendaring, and unified messaging. The release of Exchange Server 2007 is
closely aligned with the Microsoft Office 2007 wave of products, which together deliver a best-
in-class enterprise messaging and collaboration solution.
 
Q.What does it mean to "power cycle" a device?
 Power cycling an electronic device is a technical way of saying "resetting" it. When you
power cycle a device, you turn it off and then turn it back on again. Pretty high-tech, huh?
Usually, you should let the device sit for a couple seconds after turning it off to make sure the
memory in the device is fully cleared before turning it back on. Any electronic device can be
power cycled, but the term is frequently used with cable modems, DSL modems, and routers.
This is because small internal errors in these devices can prevent them from functioning
correctly. Resetting them typically fixes the errors and allows them to work correctly again.
 
Q.What does it mean when a computer is "low on resources?"
 The resources a computer has are mainly processing speed, hard disk storage, and memory.
The phrase "low on resources" usually means the computer is running out of memory. The
best way to prevent this error from coming up is to install more RAM on your machine.
Upgrading your RAM is the best performance booster you can give your computer, and it
usually doesn't cost a lot.
 
Q.Is UNIX and Linux Both Are same?
 No,Both are different.But Both are writen in POSIX standards , thats why lots of authors used
to refer as same, but strictly saying both are differnt.
 
Q.Tell The Two Boot loader Names in Linux?
 The Most Popular Boot Loaders are…
 LILO
GRUB

Q.What is the major advantage of a hash table?

 The major advantage of a hash table is its speed. Because the hash function is to take a
range of key values and transform them into index values in such a way that the key values
are distributed randomly across all the indices of a hash table.
 
Q.What is NFS? What is its job?
 NFS stands for Network File System. NFS enables filesystems physically residing on one
computer system to be used by other computers in the network, appearing to users on the
remote host as just another local disk.
 
Q.What is the main advantage of creating links to a file instead of copies of the file?
 The main advantage is not really that it saves disk space (though it does that too) but, rather,
that a change of permissions on the file is applied to all the link access points. The link will
show permissions of lrwxrwxrwx but that is for the link itself and not the access to the file to
which the link points. Thus if you want to change the permissions for a command, such as su,
you only have to do it on the original. With copies you have to find all of the copies and
change permission on each of the copies.
 
Q.In Linux OS, what is the file server?
 The file server is a machine that shares its disk storage and files with other machines on the
network
 
Q.Which field is used to define the user’s default shell?
 command-The last field, called either command or login command, is used to specify what
shell the user will use when he logs in.
 
Q.What is LILO?
 LILO stands for Linux boot loader. It will load the MBR, master boot record, into the memory,
and tell the system which partition and hard drive to boot from..