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    Conclusion

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    Mohd Syafiq Akmal
    The document summarizes an experiment on determining the optimal dosage of alum as a coagulant for water treatment. Data showed that turbidity decreased as alum dosage increased from 0 to 5ml, with the lowest turbidity of 7.47 NTU achieved at a dosage of 40mg/l. Higher alum dosages reduced pH and produced more sludge, while effectively removing impurities and decreasing water color. The experiment concluded that 40mg/l was the optimum dosage, lowering turbidity the most while maintaining appropriate pH levels.

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    Conclusion

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Syafiq Akmal
    51 views1 page
    The document summarizes an experiment on determining the optimal dosage of alum as a coagulant for water treatment. Data showed that turbidity decreased as alum dosage increased from 0 to 5ml, with the lowest turbidity of 7.47 NTU achieved at a dosage of 40mg/l. Higher alum dosages reduced pH and produced more sludge, while effectively removing impurities and decreasing water color. The experiment concluded that 40mg/l was the optimum dosage, lowering turbidity the most while maintaining appropriate pH levels.

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    enviroment

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    Jar

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    The document summarizes an experiment on determining the optimal dosage of alum as a coagulant for water treatment. Data showed that turbidity decreased as alum dosage increased from 0 to 5ml, with the lowest turbidity of 7.47 NTU achieved at a dosage of 40mg/l. Higher alum dosages reduced pH and produced more sludge, while effectively removing impurities and decreasing water color. The experiment concluded that 40mg/l was the optimum dosage, lowering turbidity the most while maintaining appropriate pH levels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views1 page

    Conclusion

    Uploaded by

    Mohd Syafiq Akmal
    The document summarizes an experiment on determining the optimal dosage of alum as a coagulant for water treatment. Data showed that turbidity decreased as alum dosage increased from 0 to 5ml, with the lowest turbidity of 7.47 NTU achieved at a dosage of 40mg/l. Higher alum dosages reduced pH and produced more sludge, while effectively removing impurities and decreasing water color. The experiment concluded that 40mg/l was the optimum dosage, lowering turbidity the most while maintaining appropriate pH levels.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Discussion

    Based on the data and observation, the alum dosage increased in the beakers from
    number 1 to 6, which is from 0 to 5ml and the jar 0 ml is act as control. For this water sample,
    as the dose of coagulant increased the residual turbidity improved. The addition of excess
    coagulant may reduce turbidity beyond what is required but also could lead to the production
    of more sludge which would require disposal.
    When coagulant is added into the water, it helps to promote coagulation. The coagulant
    encourages colloidal material in the water to join into small aggregates or flocs (microfloc).
    Coagulant neutralizes the electrical charges of particles in the water which causes the
    particles to clump together. Properly formed floc will settle out of water quickly in the
    sedimentation basin, removing most of the water's turbidity. Hence impurities can be easily
    removed. Thus, from the data, the colour of water decreases from 380 to 332 Pt0 as the
    volume of alum increases.
    After analysing the data, from the graph the optimum dosage for coagulant is 40mg/l, which
    is the lowest turbidity 7.47 NTU, with pH value 6.54. However, it is important to note that
    turbidity was not reduced with the increasing amounts of alum dose because the coagulant
    added more particles to water to be treated at the lower doses.

    On the other hand, the strong acid behaviour of the alum addition causes the pH value
    decreased and demised alkalinity. Which from the data given, the value of final pH is
    decreasing from 7.15 to 6.37? It is because the change in pH in the water being treated
    depended on the coagulant dosage. Therefore, it can conclude that the higher alum dosage,
    the lower the pH value, which means that the alkalinity may be decreased.

    Conclusion

    From the experiment, it can be concluded that the optimum alum dosage which will result in
    the lowest turbidity is 40mg/l, with a turbidity of 7.47. Next, it was also shown from the
    experiment that the pH and colour value will be lower when the alum dosage is higher. Since
    the optimum alum dosage has been determined, it can be concluded that the experiment is a
    success.

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