The document describes a lab experiment on controlling traffic lights using a microprocessor. The objective is to control traffic lights by programming a microcontroller. The procedure involves writing an assembly language program, assembling it to create an object file, linking the files, and running the program on a microcontroller board to control LEDs representing traffic lights. The program generates a table to sequence the lights with delays. The question asks to modify the program to include pedestrian crossings by using additional LEDs and flashing patterns during the last 5 seconds of the walk signal.
The document describes a lab experiment on controlling traffic lights using a microprocessor. The objective is to control traffic lights by programming a microcontroller. The procedure involves writing an assembly language program, assembling it to create an object file, linking the files, and running the program on a microcontroller board to control LEDs representing traffic lights. The program generates a table to sequence the lights with delays. The question asks to modify the program to include pedestrian crossings by using additional LEDs and flashing patterns during the last 5 seconds of the walk signal.
The document describes a lab experiment on controlling traffic lights using a microprocessor. The objective is to control traffic lights by programming a microcontroller. The procedure involves writing an assembly language program, assembling it to create an object file, linking the files, and running the program on a microcontroller board to control LEDs representing traffic lights. The program generates a table to sequence the lights with delays. The question asks to modify the program to include pedestrian crossings by using additional LEDs and flashing patterns during the last 5 seconds of the walk signal.
The document describes a lab experiment on controlling traffic lights using a microprocessor. The objective is to control traffic lights by programming a microcontroller. The procedure involves writing an assembly language program, assembling it to create an object file, linking the files, and running the program on a microcontroller board to control LEDs representing traffic lights. The program generates a table to sequence the lights with delays. The question asks to modify the program to include pedestrian crossings by using additional LEDs and flashing patterns during the last 5 seconds of the walk signal.
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LAB 1 : LEB 40503-MICROPROCESSOR
INTRODUCTION A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications. Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, and toys. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. Mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems. Effective handling of the traffic in modern towns is impossible without the application of microprocessor equipment in the control systems, which allows one to realize complex functional programmable control of facilities. The application of microprocessors increases essentially the flexibility and reliability of the control system and also decreases expenses connected with its manufacturing and exploitation. The described microprocessor system represents a universal device with the correspondent software and can be also used for the various technological processes control.
OBJECTIVE
• To control the traffic lights by using programming.
LIST OF EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
• Text editor • Switches SW2/4 • Switch/ADC – switch • Remainder – OFF
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FLOW CHART
Initialize Set Table Base No. of Entries
Table Data to LED’s
Use delay from table
Increment table pointer
PROCEDURE 1. Enter the following program.
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Using the cross assembler and type X68K (filename.ASM) to create the output (filename.OBJ).
Type LINK and enter.
Type (filename.OBJ) at Input filename.
Enter a few times to create the (.S28) filename.
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Run the COMM on PC and type LT.
Select send text file from transfer for HyperTerminal and select the (filename.S28) and press enter. Type GO and enter the 400400 to respond for the prompt the enter address.
The program will run now.
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QUESTION 1 Using the other yellow LED’s (bits 0 and 4) to represent pedestrian crossings (LED’s on, when it is safe to cross, and flash during last 5 seconds), generate a new table similar to above program to include a pedestrian facility.
Procedure
a) Enter the program to note pad and save as (.ASM) at sample folder.
b) Using the cross assembler and type X68K (filename.ASM) to create the output (filename.OBJ).
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c) Type LINK and enter.
d) Type (filename.OBJ) at Input filename. e) Enter a few times to create the (.S28) filename. f) Run the COMM on PC and type LT g) Select send text file from transfer for HyperTerminal and select the (filename.S28) and press enter h) Type GO and enter the 400400 to respond for the prompt the enter address.
GREEN,YELLOW On, 5second delay, (pedestrian), RED car is moving. Junction 2 Red light On car stop, Yellow light On pedestrian walk. Binary to Hex = $8C Junction 1 Yellow and YELLOW, RED, RED Red light On, for standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 2 Red light On, Yellow light Off, flashing condition for pedestrian.
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Binary to Hex = $9C Junction 1 Yellow and
YELLOW,RED,YELLOW Red light On for (pedestrian), RED standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 2 Red and Yellow light On, flashing condition for pedestrian.
Binary to Hex = $8C Junction 1 Yellow and
YELLOW, RED, RED Red light On, for standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 2 Red light On, Yellow light Off, flashing condition for pedestrian. Binary to Hex = $9C Junction 1 Yellow and YELLOW, RED, Red light On for YELLOW (pedestrian), standby mode, delay 1 RED second. Junction 2 Red and Yellow light On, flashing condition for pedestrian.
Binary to Hex = $8C Junction 1 Yellow and
YELLOW, RED, RED Red light On, for standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 2 Red light On, Yellow light Off, flashing condition for pedestrian. Binary to Hex = $88 Junction 1 Red light RED, RED On, car ready to stop, delay 2 second. Junction 2 Red light On, car ready to go, delay 2 second.
Binary to Hex = $29 Junction 2 Green light
YELLOW (pedestrian), On, 5 second delay, RED, GREEN car is moving. Junction 1 Red light On, car stop, Yellow light On pedestrian walk.
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Binary to Hex = $C8 Junction 2 Yellow and
RED, YELLOW, RED Red light On, for standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 1 Red light On, Yellow light Off, flashing condition for pedestrian. Binary to Hex = $C9 Junction 2 Yellow and YELLOW(pedestrian) , Red light On for RED, YELLOW, RED standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 1 Red and Yellow light On, flashing condition for pedestrian.
Binary to Hex = $C8 Junction 2 Yellow and
RED, YELLOW, RED Red light On, for standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 1 Red light On, Yellow light Off, flashing condition for pedestrian.
Binary to Hex = $C9 Junction 2 Yellow and
YELLOW(pedestrian), Red light On for RED, YELLOW, RED standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 1 Red and Yellow light On, flashing condition for pedestrian.
Binary to Hex = $C8 Junction 2 Yellow and
RED, YELLOW, RED Red light On, for standby mode, delay 1 second. Junction 1 Red light On, Yellow light Off, flashing condition for pedestrian.
Binary to Hex = $88 Junction 2 Red light
RED, RED On, car ready to stop, delay 2 second. Junction 1 Red light On, car ready to go, delay 2 second.
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DISCUSSION
As a discussion, I have studied the basic concept of the programming in EASY68K
software which run by the processor.
The first problem we facing are the cable connect from Motorola 68K board to computer cannot be detect. After checking, troubleshooting, and installing the socket, finally the computer detect it and software can compile and execute the program. Second problem was we confuse to manage the system of the traffic light, condition when pedestrian walk, condition on car moving and stop and emergency light during standby mode. After discussing with lecturer and friend, we come out with a table which show the sequence of the traffic light from starting to the ending of the traffic light system.
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CONCLUSSION
As a conclusion, the objective of task was achieved and has been successfully presented a functional and low cost microcontroller-based traffic light system for road intersection control. The traffic light system is designed using of Easy68k program. Besides that, I learn to control the sequence of lights and how long each sequence is required for the traffic light. I also understand the programming system, the function of original, initial, motion, delay and etc. The resulting output is fed as input to the microcontroller system for traffic light control system on real-time data.
