MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

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(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
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WINTER– 17 EXAMINATION
Subject Name: Design of Steel Structures Model Answer Subject Code: 17505
Important Instructions to examiners:
1) The answers should be examined by key words and not as word-to-word as given in the model answer
scheme.
2) The model answer and the answer written by candidate may vary but the examiner may try to assess the
understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more Importance (Not
applicable for subject English and Communication Skills.
4) While assessing figures, examiner may give credit for principal components indicated in the figure. The
figures drawn by candidate and model answer may vary. The examiner may give credit for any equivalent
figure drawn.
5) Credits may be given step wise for numerical problems. In some cases, the assumed constant values
may vary and there may be some difference in the candidate’s answers and model answer.
6) In case of some questions credit may be given by judgement on part of examiner of relevant answer
based on candidate’s understanding.
7) For programming language papers, credit may be given to any other program based on equivalent
concept.

Q. Sub Answer Marking

No. Q. N. Scheme

Q.1 (A)a) State any four advantages of steel as a construction material.

Ans 1. Steel being a ductile material does not fail suddenly it gives visible evidence of
impending failure Any four
2. It has high ratio of strength to weight making it to use for the construction of long 01 mark
span bridges, tall buildings etc. for each.
3. Steel can be transported, fabricated and erected at site thus saves time of
construction and saves expenses also.
4. Steel as construction material has good earthquake resistor capacity due to its
ductility and elastic plasticity.
5. The steel structures can be disassembled and reused wherever required. It can be
recycled easily.
6. Steel has high scrap value amongst all building materials.
7. Steel is a gas resistant.
Q.1 (A)b) Define: .I) Importance factor II) Zone factor
III) Response reduction factor IV) Fundamental natural period
Ans I) Importance factor (I): The importance factor is a factor used to obtain the design
seismic force depending upon the functional use of the structure. 01 mark
II) Zone factor (z): The zone factor is a factor used to obtain the design spectrum for each
depending on the perceived seismic hazard in the zone in which the structure is
located.
III) Response reduction factor (R): The response reduction factor is the factor by which
the actual base shear force should be reduced, to obtain the design force.
IV) Fundamental natural period: The fundamental natural period is the first (longest)
modal time period of vibration of the structure.
Q.1 (A)c) List the values of partial safety factor for material strength in case of resistance by yield,
buckling, ultimate stress and bolt connection.
Ans Partial safety factor for material.
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Sr. No. Description Partial safety factor 01 mark

1. Resistance by yielding. 1.10 for each
2. Resistance to buckling. 1.10
3. Resistance by ultimate stress. 1.25
4. Bolted connection. 1.25 (Shop and field fabrication)
Q.1 (A)d) Explain shear lag.
Ans Shear lag: While transferring the tensile force from gusset plate to tension member through
one leg by bolt or welds, the connected leg of section (such as angle, channel) may be
subjected to more stress than the outstanding leg and finally the stress distribution 01 mark
becomes uniform over the section away from the connection. Thus, one part leg behind the
other is called as shear lag.
The tearing strength of an angle section connected through one leg is affected by shear
lag also. Thus the design strength τdn governed by tearing of net section is given by,

τdn = [0.9 (Anc x fu) / Ƴm1)] + [β x (Ago x fy / Ƴmo)]

Where β = 1.4 – 0.076 (w/t) (fy/fu) (bs/Lc) 01 mark
Bs = Shear lag width as shown in fig.

02 marks

Q.1 (B)a) Determine bolt value 16mm diameter bolt of 4.6 grade to connect two angles 90 x 60 x 06
mm back to back on opposite side of gusset plate of 8 mm thick. Also determine no. of bolts
required for the joint when it carries direct factored load of 110 KN. Draw neat sketch of
designed connection.
Ans The angles are connected on both sides of gusset plate, hence the bolts will be in double
shear and bear against 8 mm thick (least of 8 and 2 x 6mm) gusset plate for 4.6 grade bolts,
fub = 400 mPa. For 16 mm diameter bolt, Anb = 0.78 x (π/4) x 162 = 156.83 mm2.
do = d + 2 = 16 + 2 = 18mm
Ƴmb = Ƴm1 = partial factor of safety for bolt and angles = 1.25 --------------------------------------- 01 mark
Double shear strength of bolts
Vdsb = (2Vnsb / Ƴmb) = 2 (fub/√3) (nn x Anb + ns x Asb) / 1.25
01 mark
= 2 x (400 / √3)(1 x 156.83 + 0) / 1.25) = 57948 N = 57.95 kN. --------------------------------
Bearing strength of thinner plate
Vdpb = Vnpb / Ƴmb = 2.5 x (Kb x d x t x fub) / Ƴmb
Assume p = 3d = 3 x 16 = 48mm say 50 mm and e = 2d = 2 x 16 = 32 mm say 40 mm.
(NOTE:Students may assume slightly different pitch and edge distance. Solution will
change accordingly.)
Kb is least of [(e/3do): (p/3do) – 0.25: (fub/fu): 1.0]
i.e. [(40 / 3)x18 = 0.74: (50 / 3x18) – 0.25 = 0.67: 400 / 410 = 0.975: 1.0]

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hence Kb = 0.67
Vdpb = 2.5 x 0.67 x 16 x 8 x 400 / 1.25 = 68608 N. = 68.61 kN. -------------------------------------- 01 mark
Bolt value, Bv = least of Vdsb & Vdpb = 57.95 kN. --------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
No. of bolts required = Pu / Bv = 110 / 57.95 = 1.89 say 2. ------------------------------------------- 01 mark

01 mark

Q.1 (B)b) For a tension member as shown fig. 1. Determine block shear strength. fy = 250 MPa,
fu = 410 MPa.

Ans Avg = 2(100 x 10) = 2000 mm2

Avn = 2000 mm2 01 mark
Atg = 200 x 10 = 2000 mm2
Atn = 2000 mm2
Block shear strength (τdb)
(τdb1) = [(Avg x fy) / (√3 x Ƴmo)] + [(0.9 x Atn x fu) / Ƴm1]
= [(2000 x 250) / (√3 x 1.10)] + [(0.9 x 2000 x 410) / 1.25]
02 marks
= 852832 N. -------------------------------------------------------------------
(τdb2) = [(Atg x fy) / ( Ƴmo)] + [(0.9 x Avn x fu) / (√3 x Ƴm1]
= [(2000 x 250) / (1.10)] + [(0.9 x 2000 x 410) / (√3 x1.25]
= 795413 N. --------------------------------------------------------------------- 02 marks
Hence τdb = Least of τdb1 and τdb2
= 795413 N = 795.41 kN. --------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark

Q.2 a) Design suitable fillet welded connection for ISA 80 x 50 x 08mm with its longer leg
connected to gusset plate of thickness 8 mm. The angle is subjected to factored load of 300
KN. Cxx = 27.3 mm. Assume weld applied to all three edges and shop weld.
Ans i. Pu = 300 kN.
ii. Size of weld minimum size = 3 mm, Maximum size = (3/4)t = (3/4)x8 = 6 mm.
So assume 6 mm size fillet weld (shop) ------------------------------------------------------ 01 mark
iii. Design stress of shop weld
fwd = fu / (√3 x Ƴmw) = 410/(√3 x 1.25) = 189.4 N/mm2 --------------------------------------- 01 mark
iv. Design strength per mm length of weld
pq = fwd x tt = 189.4 x 0.7 x 6
= 795.48 N/mm ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
v. Effective length of weld required
L = Pu/pq = 300 x 103 / 795.48 = 377.13 say 380 mm. --------------------------------------- 01 mark

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vi. Let x1 and x2 be the lengths of longitudinal weld at upper and lower edges and third
edge will be 80 mm long.
x1 + x2 + 80 = 380
x1 + x2 = 300 mm 01 mark
vii. Taking moment about the bottom weld
795.48 x x1 x 80 + 795.48 x 80 x 40 = 300 x 103 x 27.3
Hence x1 = 88.69 mm say 90 mm 02 marks
x2 = 300 – 90 = 210 mm.
viii.

01 mark

Q.2 b) A built up column consist of 2ISMC - 225, placed face to face at 120 mm. The distance is
between their centres. The length of column is 6.0 m and both ends are hinged. Find design
strength of column.
For single ISMC – 225 A=3301 mm2 ,Iyy = 1.872 x 106mm4,
Ixx: = 26.946 x 106mm4, Cxx: = 23.1 mm. (Refer table no. 1 for fcd)
Ans

01 mark

Area of composite section, Ag = 2 x 3301 = 6602 mm2

Based on rxx = rx = √(Ixx / A) = √(26.946 x 106 / 3301)
= 90.34 mm ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
Iyy = 2[Iy + Ah2]
= 2[1.872 x 106 + 3301 x (120/2)2]
= 27511200 mm4
ryy = √(Iyy / A) = √(27511200 / 6602)
= 64.55 mm. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
Hence rmin = 64.55 mm
For given end condition, kL = 1.0L ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
SR = kL / rmin
= 1.0 x 6000 / 64.55
= 92.95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
For built up section, buckling class is C for which-
SR fcd
90 121 01 mark
100 107
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fcd = fcd1 – [(fcd1 – fcd2) / (SR2 – SR1)] x (SR – SR1)
= 121 – [(121 – 107) / (100 – 90)] x (92.95 – 90)
= 116.87 mPa. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
Design compressive strength
Pd = fcd x Ag
= 116.87 x 6602
= 771575 N = 771.57 kN. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark

Q.2 c) An ISMB 400 @ 604.3 N/m is used as simply supported beam of span 5.0 M. The
compression flange of the beam is laterally supported throughout the span. Determine
design flexural strength of member. Also calculate working udl on the beam per meter span.
Check the member for deflection.
Take Zp = 1176.18 x 103mm3, Ƴmo = 1.1, βb = 1.0, fy = 250 mPa.
Ans Given L = 5 m = 5000 mm
Zxx = Zp/s = 1176.18 x 103 / 1.14 = 1031.74 x 103 mm3 -------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
Ixx = Zxx x ymax = 1031.74 x 103 x 400/2 = 206.35 x 106 mm4 -------------------------------------------- 01 mark
Assuming udl = ‘w’ kN/m.
i. To calculate design flexural strength, Md
Md = (βb x Zp x fy) / Ƴmo = (1 x 1176.18 x 103 x 250) / 1.10
= 267.27 x 106 N-mm = 267.27 kN-m. ------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
ii. Mu = wu x L2/8 = wu x 52/8 = 3.125 wu kN/m ----------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
iii. Equating Md and Mu
267.27 = 3.125wu
wu = 85.53 kN/m. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
w = wu/ Ƴf = 85.53/1.5 = 57.02 kN/m. ------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
iv. Check for deflection
δallowable = L/300 = 5000/300 = 16.67 mm. ------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
δmax = (5 x w x L4) / (384 x EI)
= (5 x 57.02 x 50004)/(384 x 2 x 105 x 206.35 x 106)
= 11.24 mm.
As δmax < δallowable , deflection check is O.K. ------------------------------------------------------ 01 mark
Q.3 a) Explain any two types of failure of bolted joints with neat sketches.
Ans Two types of failure of bolted joints:-
1. Shear failure of bolt: shear tress are generated when the plates slip due to applied
forces. The maximum factored shear force in the bolt may exceed the nominal shear
capacity of the bolt. The shear failure of the bolt takes place at the bolt shear plane
(interface).the bolt may fail in single or double shear.
Any Two
02 marks
for each

Single Shear Double Shear

Shearing at bolt shank

2. Bearing failure of bolt:-the bolt is crushed around half circumferences. The plate may be
strong in bearing and the heaviest stressed plate may press the bolt shank. The bearing
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failure of bolt generally does not occur in practice.

Bearing on bolt
3. Bearing failure of plate: - when an ordinary bolt is subjected to shear forces. The slip
takes place and bolt comes in contact with the plate .the plate may get crushed .if the plate
material is weaker than the bolt material. The bearing problem can be complicated by the
presence of a nearby bolt or the proximity of an edge in the direction of load.

Bearing on plate Shear tear out of plate

5. Tension or tearing failure of plates: tearing failure occurs when the bolts are stronger
than the plate’s .tension on both the gross area (yielding) and net effective area (rupture)
must be considered.

Tension or tearing failure of plates

6. Block shear failure :-Bolts may have been placed at a lesser end distance than required
causing the plates to shear out which, however can be checked by observing the
specification for end distance .the failure of connection in block may occur when a block of
material within the bolted area breaks away from the remainder bolts are used ,fewer bolts
will be used for making connection .this type of failure occurs with the shear on one plane
and tension on perpendicular plane leading to fall of hatched portion of the plate.

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Q.3 b) List types of bolts and sketch anyone of them.

Ans Types of bolts:-

1. unfinished(black) bolts 01 mark

2. High strength friction grip bolts.

1. Unfinished(Black) Bolts

Fig.
Any One
03 Marks

2. High strength friction grip bolts.

Q.3 c) Write the IS code provision for design of angle purlin.

Ans IS code provision for design of angle purlin

 Angle purlin should be design for biaxial bending.

 Roof angle should be less than 300

 Width of angle leg perpendicular to sheeting ≥ L/45

04 marks

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 Width of angle leg parallel to sheeting ≥ L/60

In the above, situation B.M. about z-z axis should be taken as Wz(L)2/10.

Where Wz is udl in the direction normal to sheeting

L is the spacing of truss,

One leg >L/45 and another leg >L/60

IS 800-1984 (second revision) code provision

For roof slopes not exceeding 300 based in a min. live load 750 N/m2

Maximum B.M. = Wz(L)2/10.

Q.3 d) List the factors to be considered in calculation of wind load. Write equations to calculate
wind load on roof truss as per IS 875-1987.
Ans Factors to be considered in calculation of wind load:

1.Location of structure for basic wind speed (Vb ) 01 Mark

2.Risk coefficient factor(K1), Terrain height and structure size factor(K2) and Topography
factor(K3) for design wind speed (Vz)
3. Building height to width ratio(h/w), roof angle(α) and wind angle(θ) for external wind
pressure coefficient(Cpe)
4. Percentage of opening in wall (permeability of air) for internal wind pressure
coefficient(Cpi)
 Equation to calculate wind load on roof truss as per IS-875-1987:

1. Design wind speed (Vz)=k1 k2 k3 Vb

i. Risk Coefficient-( k1)

ii. Terrain ,Height And Structure Size Factor, k2
iii. Topography Factor. k3
03Marks
iv. basic wind speed -Vb
2. wind pressure (Pz)=0.6 (Vz)2----(N/m2)
3. wind load on roof
F = (Cpe - Cpi)Apz
Cpe - Coefficient of external wind pressure
Cpi - Coefficient of internal wind pressure
A - surface area of structural element in (m2)
pz - design wind pressure (N/m2)

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Q.3 e) Draw a neat labeled sketch of angle purlin with principle rafter at panel point having roof
covering as A.C. sheets.

Ans

04 marks

Q.4 (A)a) State with sketch the effective length for a compression member as per IS 800/2007 having
end conditions as-
i) Translation restrained at both ends and rotation free at one end.
ii) Translation and rotation restrained at both ends.
Ans
Effective
At one end At second end sketch
length

Translation Rotation Translation Rotation

02 marks
Restrained Restrained Restrained Free 0.8L

Restrained Restrained Restrained Restrained 0.65L 02 marks

Q.4 (A)b) Draw neat sketch of lacing and battening. Also state function of same.
Ans Sketch of lacing and battening:

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03 marks

Function: The function of lacing and battening is to hold the various parts of a column
straight, parallel at a correct distance apart and to equalize the stress distribution between 01 mark
its various parts.
Q.4 (A)c) Explain "Limits of width to thickness ratio to prevent buckling for a single angle strut. The
limiting width to thickness ratio for a semi-compact class is 15.7 C. Check whether
ISA 90x90x06 nun is semi-compact class or not fy= 250 MPa.
Ans Limits of width to thickness ration to prevent buckling for a single angle strut
Plate elements of c/s may buckle locally due to compressive stresses. The buckling can be
avoided before the limit state is achieved by limiting the width to thickness ratio of each 03 marks
element of c/s subjected to compression due to axial force, moment or shear.
Component ratio ratio
Single angle, or double Angles with the b/t
components d/t

For: ISA 90x90x6 mm thick

b/tf =90/6=15 between 10.5 ε and 15.7 ε where ε= (fy/250)½ 01 mark
(hence it belongs to class-3 semi compact section )
Q.4 (A)d) What is local buckling in case of compression member? What is its effect? What is to be
done to prevent it?
Ans  Local buckling in case of compression members: the individual elements of column
i.e. flange or web may buckle locally forming wrinkles. This type of buckling causing 02 marks
column failure is called local buckling.
 Effect:-Local buckling reduces overall load carrying capacity of the member 01 mark
 Prevention:-Adopt higher thickness of element that is by controlling width to 01 mark
thickness ratio as per IS –CODE requirement.

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Q.4 (B)a) Explain gross section yielding and net section rupture in case of design strength of tension
member. Also write two measures taken to prevent rupture.
Ans  Gross Section Yielding:- When a tension members is subjected to tensile forces
although the net cross sectional yield first, the deformation within the length of
connection will be smaller than the deformation in the remainder of tension
02 marks
member.it is because the net section exist within a small length of the member.
And the total elongation is the product of the length of the member and the strain.
Most of the length of the member will have an unreduced cross section , some
attainment of yield stress on the gross area will result in larger total elongation.
Here larger deformation is Limit state not the yield . To prevent excessive
deformation initiated by yielding the load on the gross section must be small enough
so that the stress on the gross section is less than the yield stress.That is

T = Ag fy

Design strength = Ag fy /ƴm0

Ƴm0 = partial safety factor = 1.1

 Net Section Rupture

Frequently plates under tension have bolt holes. The tensile stress in a plate at
the cross section of a hole is not uniformly distributed in the Tension Member:
Behavior of Tension Members elastic range, but exhibits stress concentration adjacent 02 marks
To the whole. The ratio of the maximum elastic stress adjacent to the hole to
the average stress on the net cross section is referred to as the Stress Concentration
Factor. This factor is in the range of 2 to 3, depending upon the ratio of the diameter of
The hole to the width of the plate normal to the direction of stress.

To prevent the failure of tension member by net section rupture T<A n X fu

Tdn=T/ ƴm1
Design strength = Tdn= 0.9 An fu /ƴm1
An -net effective area of member
fu - ultimate stress of material
Ƴm1- partial safety factor for failure at ultimate stress =1.2
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b- width of plate
t – thickness of plate
d- diam. of hole
g- gauge length
ps- staggered pitch length between bolt hole.
n- no.of bolt hole.

Preventive Measure:-

 To prevent net rupture sufficient amount of edge distance is provided as per IS-800-
2007. 02 marks
As far as possible less nos. of bolt are provided. To reduce the nos. of bolts high strength
bolt are provided.

Q.4 (B)b) Design tension member consisting of single unequal angle connected to gusset plate of
12 mm thk. to carry a factored tensile load of 300 kN. Assume single row of 20 mm
bolted connection. The length of the member is 2.5 m.
Take fu = 415 mPa = 0.80

Section (mm) Area (mm2)

ISA 100x75x8 1336
125x75x8 1588
150x75x8 1748
Ans Area required from the consideration of yielding =1.1x300x1000/250
=1320 mm2
TRY ISA 125X75X8, Which has a gross area Ag= 1588 mm2
Strength of 20 mm bolt:
a) In single shear=[0+0.78x(20)2/4]x 400/1.25x√3
=45272 N
b) Strength in bearing : taking e= 40 mm, p=60 mm 01 mark
Kb is smaller of 40/3x22, (60/3x22)-0.25,400/410,1.0
i.e. Kb = 0.606
design strength of bolt in bearing = 2.5x Kb x dtx fu/1.25
design strength of bolt in bearing = 1 x2.5x0.606x20x8x400/1.25
Design Strength of Bolt In Bearing = 45272 N
(therefore, Bolt value = 45272 N)
Nos.Of Bolt Required = 300 X1000/45272
Nos.Of Bolt Required = 6.62
(Therefore, provide 7 Nos. of bolt in a row.)

01 mark

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Checking the design :
(a)strength against yielding =Agfy/ym0
=1588x250/1.1
=360909.09 N >300000 N 01 mark
(OK)
(b) strength of plate in rupture :
Area of connected leg Area of connected leg
2
Anc = (125-22-4)x8=792 mm Ago = (75-4)x8=568 mm2 01 mark
β=1.4-0.076x(w/t)x(fy/fu)x(bs/Lc)
β = 1.4-0.076 x(75/8)x(250/410)x(112/360)
β=1.264
Tdn = (0.9 fu Anc/ym1)+( β Ago fy/ ym1)
Tdn = (0.9x410x792 /1.25)+( 1.264x568 x 250/ 1.1)
Tdn = 233798.4+163279=397077.4 N > 300000 N -------- (OK)

(c) strength against block shear failure

Avg =(40+60 X6)X8=3200 mm2
Avn =(40+60X6-6.5X22)X 8=2056 mm2
Atg =(125-45)X8=640 mm2
Atn =(125-45-0.5X22)X8 =552 mm2
Smallest of two =( Avg x fy /1.732 ymo)+(0.9 x Atn x fu /ym1)
=(3200x 250 /1.732x 1.1)+(0.9 x 552 x 410 /1.25) 02 marks
=(419903.422)+(162950)=582853.4 N
Smallest of two =( Atg x fy /ymo)+(0.9 x Avn x fu /1.732 Xym1)
Smallest of two =( 640x 250 /1.1)+(0.9 x 2056x 410 /1.732 X1.25)
=145454+350422=495876 N
Hence strength of two angles against block failure = 495876 N > 300000 N
(OK)
(Hence,use ISA 125X75X8 with 7 Nos. of 20 mm bolt )
Q.5 a) A hall of size 12m x 20 m is provided with Howe type roof trusses at 4 m c/c. Calculate panel
point load in case of DL and LL for following data-
i) unit wt. of roof covering = 165N/m2 ii) self-wt. of purlin = 100 N/m2
iii) wt. of bracing = 60 N/m2 iv) rise to span ratio = 1/5 v) total no. of panels = 08
Ans Given: i) Unit wt. of roof covering = 165N/m2
ii) Self-wt. of purlin = 100 N/m2
iii) Wt. of bracing = 60 N/m2
iv) Rise to span ratio = 1/5
v) Total no. of panels = 08
vi) Span = 12 m.
a. Calculation of Dead load:
i. Self-weight of truss = [(L/3) + 5] x 10
= [(12/3) + 5] x 10 = 90 N/m2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
ii. Unit weight of roof covering = 165 N/m2
iii. Self-weight of purlin = 100 N/m2
iv. Weight of bracing = 60 N/m2
Hence Total Dead load per m2 = 90 + 165 + 100 + 60 = 415 N/m2 ----------------------------------- 01 mark
Dead load per intermediate panel point = Dead load per m2 x plan area of roof per panel
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point
Dead load per intermediate panel point = 415 x 4 x (12/8) = 2490 N. ------------------------------- 01 mark
Dead load per end panel point = 2490/2 = 1245 N. ------------------------------- 01 marks
b. Calculation of Live load:
Angle of truss (θ) = tan-1[2.5/(12/2)] = 21.800
Live load on purlin = 750 – [(θ – 10) x 20]
= 750 – [(21.8 – 10) x 20]
= 514 N/m2 > 400 N/m2 Hence OK ------------------------------------------- 01 marks
Live load on truss = (2/3) x 514 = 342.67 N/m2 -------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
Live load per intermediate panel point = Live load per m2 x plan area of roof per panel point
Live load per intermediate panel point = 342.67 x 4 x (12/8) = 2056 N --------------------------- 01 mark
Live load per end panel point = 2056/2 = 1028 N 01 mark
Q.5 b) A industrial building has trusses for 14m span. Trusses are spaced at 3.5m c/c and rise of
truss is 3.50m. Calculate panel point load in case of live load and wind load using following
data-
i) Coefficient of external wind pressure (Cpe)= - 0.7
ii) Coefficient of internal wind pressure (Cpi)=± 0.2
iii) Design wind pressure = 1200 N/m2
iv) No. of panels = 08
Ans Given data:
Span = 14 m.
Rise = 3.5 m
Coefficient of external wind pressure (Cpe)= - 0.7
Coefficient of internal wind pressure (Cpi)=± 0.2
Design wind pressure (p) = 1200 N/m2
No. of panels = 08
a) Wind load:
i. Design wind pressure pd = (Cpe - Cpi) x p
= (-0.7 – 0.2) x 1200
= -1080 N/m2 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 01 mark
ii. Angle of truss (θ) = tan-1[3.5/(14/2)] = 26.560 --------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
iii. Inclined length of panel = (14/8)/cos26.560 = 1.956 ------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
iv. Wind load per intermediate panel point = Design wind pressure (pd) x inclined panel
length x spacing 01 mark
= -1080 x 1.956 x 3.5
= -7393.7 N
v. Wind load per end panel point = -7393.7/2 3696.85 N
b) Live load:
Live load on purlin = 750 – [(θ – 10) x 20]
= 750 – [(26.56 – 10) x 20]
= 418.8 N/m2 > 400 N/m2 Hence OK ------------------------------------------------------ 01 mark
Live load on truss = (2/3) x 418.8 = 279.2 N/m2 --------------------------------------------------------- 01 mark
Live load per intermediate panel point = Live load per m2 x plan area of roof per panel point 01 mark
Live load per intermediate panel point = 279.2 x 3.5 x (14/8) = 1710 N ---------------------------- 01 mark
Live load per end panel point = 1710/2 = 855 N

Page No.14/18
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Q.5 c) A column ISMB - 300 carries an axial load of 1.5 MN. Design a slab base and concrete
pedestal for the column. Take SBC of soil as 200 kPa and M20 grade of concrete is used for
concrete pedestal. For ISMB-300 consider bf= 140 mm, tf= 13.1 mm. Take fy=250 MPa,
ym1 =1.1.
Ans Given: ISMB 300, P = 1500 kN, SBC = 200 kPa, M20 – fck = 20 N/mm2,
fy = 250 mPa, bf = 140 mm, tf = 13.1 mm
Pu = 1500 x 1.5 = 2250 kN.
Bearing area of base plate (A) = Pu/(0.6fck)
= (2250 x 103) / (0.6 x 20) = 187500 mm2 01 mark
Size of plate for equal projections a and b
Lp = [(D - B)/2] + √[(D – B)/2]2 + A
= [(300 - 140)/2] + √[(300 – 140)/2]2 + 187500
Lp = 520.34 mm say Lp = 530 mm 01 mark
Bp = A / Lp = 187500 / 530 = 353.77 say 360 mm
Larger projection a = (Lp – D) / 2
= (530 – 300) / 2 = 115 mm
Smaller projection b = (Bp – B) / 2
= (360 – 140) / 2 = 110 mm
Ultimate pressure from below on the base plate-
W = Pu / (Lp x Bp) = 2250 x 103 / (530 x 360) = 11.79 N/mm2 01 mark
Thickness of base plate
ts = √[2.5 x w x (a2 – 0.3b2) x Ƴmo / fy] > tf
= √[2.5 x 11.79 x (1152 – 0.3 x 1102) x 1.1 / 250] 02 marks
= 35.27 mm say 40 mm > 13.1mm (tf)
Size of concrete block-
Af = (Pu x Ƴmo) / SBC x Ƴf) = (2250 x 1.1) / (200 x 1.5) = 8.25 m2 01 mark
For equal projection-
Lf = [(Lp - Bp)/2] + √[(Lp – Bp)/2]2 + Af
= [(0.53 – 0.36)/2] + √[(0.53 – 0.36)/2]2 + 8.25
Lf = 2.95m say Lf = 3m
Bf = Af / Lf = 8.25 / 3 = 2.75 m
Provide M20 concrete pedestal of size 3 m x 2.75 m
Actual projection-
= (Lf – Lp) / 2 = (3000 – 530) / 2 = 1235 mm and 01 mark
= (Bf – Bp) / 2 = (2750 – 360) / 2 = 1195 mm
Considering 450 angle of dispersion, Df = 1235 mm.

Page No.15/18
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

01 mark

Q.6 a) Define-laterally supported beam along with suitable sketch. State any three methods of
providing lateral support to the beam.
Ans A laterally supported beam is a beam whose compression flange is restrained from buckling. 01 mark
Methods of providing lateral support to the beam.
1. Compression flange embedded in slab.

01 mark

2. Compression flange connected to slab by shear connectors.

01 mark

3. Beams connected by braces.

01 mark

Page No.16/18
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Q.6 b) State four classification of c/s of beam based on moment-rotation behavior as per
IS- 800/2007
Ans Classification of c/s of beam based on moment – rotation behavior as per IS 800-2007 01 mark
1. Class 1 – Plastic for each
2. Class 2 – Compact
3. Class 3 – Semi compact
4. Class 4 – Slender
Q.6 c) An ISMB - 250 is used for simply supported span of 4m to carry a factored load of 30 KN/m.
Check the section for shear only. Take fy = 250 mPa, tw = 6.4 mm.
Ans Given data-
ISMB 250, Span (le) = 4.0 m, Factored load (wd) = 30 kN/m, fy = 250 mPa, tw = 6.4 mm
Factored shear force (Vd) = wd x le / 2
= 30 x 4 / 2 01 mark
= 60 kN
Check for shear-
Vdr = (fy x tw x h) / (Ƴmo x √3) 01 mark
= (250 x 6.4 x 250) / (1.1 x √3) 01 mark
= 209.94 kN > 60 kN(Vd) hence shear check is satisfied. 01 mark
Q.6 d) Draw plan of gusseted base showing all components.
Ans

02 marks
for fig
02 marks
for
labeling

Q.6 e) Write steps to calculate the thickness of base plate used in slab base. Why anchor bolts are
used in slab base.
Ans Steps to calculate thickness of base plate used in slab base.
ts = √[2.5 x w x (a2 – 0.3b2) x Ƴmo / fy] 01 mark
Where-
W = Ultimate pressure from below on slab base = Pu / (Lp x Bp)
Pu = Factored load.
Lp = Length of base plate.
Bp = Width of base plate.
a = Larger projection. 01 mark
b = Smaller projection.
Ƴmo = Partial safety factor = 1.1
fy = Yield stress (250 N/mm2)

Page No.17/18
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(Autonomous)
(ISO/IEC - 27001 - 2013 Certified)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Function of anchor bolts: To connect the base plate to concrete block so that stability, 02 marks
stiffness and strength of foundation is achieved.

Page No.18/18