1

% Initialize sums.
n = 0; sum_x = 0; sum_x2 = 0;
% Read in first value
x = input('Enter first value: ');
% While Loop to read input values.
while x >= 0
% Accumulate sums.
n = n+1;
sum_x = sum_x + x;
sum_x2 = sum_x2 + x^2;
% Read in next value
x = input('Enter next value: ');
end
% Calculate the mean and standard deviation
x_bar = sum_x / n;
std_dev = sqrt( (n * sum_x2 - sum_x^2) / (n * (n-1)) );
% Tell user.
fprintf('The mean of this data set is: %f\n', x_bar);
fprintf('The standard deviation is:%f\n', std_dev);
fprintf('The number of data points is: %f\n', n);

stats_1

Enter first value: 3

Enter next value: 4

Enter next value: 5

Enter next value: -1

The mean of this data set is: 4.000000

The standard deviation is:1.000000

The number of data points is: 3.000000

% Initialize sums.
n = 0; sum_x = 0; sum_x2 = 0;
% Read in first value
x = input('Enter first value: ');
% While Loop to read input values.
while x >= 0
% Accumulate sums.
n= n+1;
sum_x = sum_x + x;
sum_x2 = sum_x2 + x^2;
% Read in next value
x = input('Enter next value: ');
end
% Check to see if we have enough input data.
if n<2 %Insufficient information
disp('At least 2 values must be entered!');
else % There is enough information, so
% calculate the mean and standard deviation
x_bar = sum_x / n;
std_dev = sqrt( (n * sum_x2 - sum_x^2) / (n * (n-1)) );
% Tell user.
fprintf('The mean of this data set is: %f\n', x_bar);
fprintf('The standard deviation is:%f\n', std_dev);
fprintf('The number of data points is: %f\n', n);
end

stats_2

Enter first value: 3

Enter next value: 4

Enter next value: 5

Enter next value: -1

The mean of this data set is: 4.000000

The standard deviation is:1.000000

The number of data points is: 3.00000

% Get day, month, and year to convert

disp('This program calculates the day of year given the ');
disp('specified date.');
month = input('Enter specified month (1-12): ');
day = input('Enter specified day(1-31):');
year = input('Enter specified year(yyyy): ');
% Check for leap year, and add extra day if necessary
if mod(year,400) == 0
leap_day = 1;
% Years divisible by 400 are leap years
elseif mod(year,100) == 0
leap_day = 0;
% Other centuries are not leap years
elseif mod(year,4) == 0
leap_day = 1;
% Otherwise every 4th year is a leap year
else
leap_day = 0;
% Other years are not leap years
end
% Calculate day of year by adding current day to the
% days in previous months.
day_of_year = day;
for ii = 1:month-1
% Add days in months from January to last month
switch (ii)
case {1,3,5,7,8,10,12},
day_of_year = day_of_year + 31;
case {4,6,9,11},
day_of_year = day_of_year + 30;
case 2,
day_of_year = day_of_year + 28 + leap_day;
end
end
% Tell user
fprintf('The date %2d/%2d/%4d is day of year %d.\n', ...
month, day, year, day_of_year);

doy

This program calculates the day of year given the

specified date.

Enter specified month (1-12): 1

Enter specified day(1-31):1

Enter specified year(yyyy): 1999

The date 1/ 1/1999 is day of year 1.

This program calculates the day of year given the

specified date.

Enter specified month (1-12): 12

Enter specified day(1-31):31

Enter specified year(yyyy): 1999

The date 12/31/1999 is day of year 365.

This program calculates the day of year given the

specified date.

Enter specified month (1-12): 1

Enter specified day(1-31):1

Enter specified year(yyyy): 2000

The date 1/ 1/2000 is day of year 1.

>> tugas3

This program calculates the day of year given the

specified date.

Enter specified month (1-12): 12

Enter specified day(1-31):31

Ent

er specified year(yyyy): 2000

The date 12/31/2000 is day of year 366.

This program calculates the day of year given the

specified date.

Enter specified month (1-12): 3

Enter specified day(1-31):1

Enter specified year(yyyy): 2001

The date 3/ 1/2001 is day of year 60.

4.

% Initialize sums.
sum_x = 0; sum_x2 = 0;
% Get the number of points to input.
n = input('Enter number of points: ');
% Check to see if we have enough input data.
if n<2
%Insufficient data
disp ('At least 2 values must be entered.');
else % we will have enough data, so let's get it.
% Loop to read input values.
for ii = 1:n
% Read in next value
x = input('Enter value: ');
% Accumulate sums.
sum_x = sum_x + x;
sum_x2 = sum_x2 + x^2;
end
% Now calculate statistics.
x_bar = sum_x / n;
std_dev = sqrt( (n * sum_x2 - sum_x^2) / (n * (n-1)) );
% Tell user.
fprintf('The mean of this data set is: %f\n', x_bar);
fprintf('The standard deviation is:%f\n', std_dev);
fprintf('The number of data points is: %f\n', n);
end

>> stats_3

Enter number of points: 3

Enter value: 4

Enter value: 5

Enter value: -1

The mean of this data set is: 2.666667

The standard deviation is:3.214550

The number of data points is: 3.000000

>>

5.

% Perform calculation with an uninitialized array

% "square". This calculation is done only once
% because it is so slow.
maxcount = 1;
% Number of repetitions
tic;
% Start timer
for jj = 1:maxcount
clear square
% Clear output array
for ii = 1:10000
% square(ii) = ii^2;
% Calculate square
end
end
average1 = (toc)/maxcount; % Calculate average time
% Perform calculation with a pre-allocated array
% "square", calling an external function to square
% the number. This calculation is averaged over 10
% loops.
maxcount = 10;
% Number of repetitions
tic;
% Start timer
for jj = 1:maxcount
clear square
% Clear output array
square = zeros(1,10000); % Pre-initialize array
for ii = 1:10000
%square(ii) = sqr(ii); % Calculate square
end
end
average2 = (toc)/maxcount;
% Calculate average time
% Perform calculation with a pre-allocated array
% "square". This calculation is averaged over 100
% loops.
maxcount = 100;
% Number of repetitions
tic;
% Start timer
for jj = 1:maxcount
clear square
% Clear output array
square = zeros(1,10000); % Pre-initialize array
for ii = 1:10000
square(ii) = ii^2;
% Calculate square
end
end
average3 = (toc)/maxcount;
% Calculate average time
% Perform calculation with vectors. This calculation
% averaged over 1000 executions.
maxcount = 1000;
% Number of repetitions
tic;
% Start timer
for jj = 1:maxcount
clear square
% Clear output array
ii = 1:10000;
% Set up vector
square = ii.^2;
% Calculate square
end
average4 = (toc)/maxcount;
% Calculate average time
% Display results
fprintf('Loop / uninitialized array= %8.4f\n', average1);
fprintf('Loop / initialized array / no JIT = %8.4f\n', average2);
fprintf('Loop / initialized array / JIT= %8.4f\n', average3);
fprintf('Vectorized= %8.4f\n', average4);

>> timings

Loop / uninitialized array= 0.0184

Loop / initialized array / no JIT = 0.0003

Loop / initialized array / JIT= 0.0002

Vectorized= 0.0001

% Define variables:
% ii-- Loop index
% n_points-- Number in input [x y] points
% slope-- Slope of the line
% sum_x-- Sum of all input x values
% sum_x2-- Sum of all input x values squared
% sum_xy-- Sum of all input x*y yalues
% sum_y-- Sum of all input y values
% temp-- Variable to read user input
% x-- Array of x values
% x_bar-- Average x value
% y-- Array of y values
% y_bar-- Average y value
% y_int-- y-axis intercept of the line
disp('This program performs a least-squares fit of an ');
disp('input data set to a straight line.');
n_points = input('Enter the number of input [x y] points: ');
% Read the input data
for ii = 1:n_points
temp = input('Enter [x y] pair: ');
x(ii) = temp(1);
y(ii) = temp(2);
end
% Accumulate statistics
sum_x = 0;
sum_y = 0;
sum_x2 = 0;
sum_xy = 0;
for ii = 1:n_points
sum_x = sum_x + x(ii);
sum_y = sum_y + y(ii);
sum_x2 = sum_x2 + x(ii)^2;
sum_xy = sum_xy + x(ii) * y(ii);
end
% Now calculate the slope and intercept.
x_bar = sum_x / n_points;
y_bar = sum_y / n_points;
slope = (sum_xy - sum_x * y_bar) / ( sum_x2 - sum_x * x_bar);
y_int = y_bar - slope * x_bar;
% Tell user.
disp('Regression coefficients for the least-squares line:');
fprintf(' Slope (m) = %8.3f\n', slope);
fprintf(' Intercept (b)= %8.3f\n', y_int);
fprintf(' No. of points= %8d\n', n_points);
% Plot the data points as blue circles with no
% connecting lines.
plot(x,y,'bo');
hold on;
% Create the fitted line
xmin = min(x);
xmax = max(x);
ymin = slope * xmin + y_int;
ymax = slope * xmax + y_int;
% Plot a solid red line with no markers
plot([xmin xmax],[ymin ymax],'r-','LineWidth',2);
hold off;
% Add a title and legend
title ('\bfLeast-Squares Fit');
xlabel('\bf\itx');
ylabel('\bf\ity');
legend('Input data','Fitted line');
grid on

>> fitting_line

This program performs a least-squares fit of an

input data set to a straight line.

Enter the number of input [x y] points: 7

Enter [x y] pair: [1.1 1.1]

Enter [x y] pair: [2.2 2.2]

Enter [x y] pair: [3.3 3.3]

Enter [x y] pair: [4.4 4.4]

Enter [x y] pair: [5.5 5.5]

Enter [x y] pair: [6.6 6.6]

Enter [x y] pair: [7.7 7.7]

Regression coefficients for the least-squares line:

Slope (m) = 1.000

Intercept (b)= 0.000

No. of points= 7

>>

Least-Squares Fit
8
Input data
Fitted line
7

5
y
 7

% Define variables:
% conv-- Degrees to radians conv factor
% gravity-- Accel. due to gravity (m/s^2)
% ii, jj-- Loop index
% index-- Location of maximum range in array
% maxangle-- Angle that gives maximum range (deg)
% maxrange-- Maximum range (m)
% range-- Range for a particular angle (m)
% time-- Time (s)
% theta-- Initial angle (deg)
% traj_time-- Total trajectory time (s)
% vo-- Initial velocity (m/s)
% vxo-- X-component of initial velocity (m/s)
% vyo-- Y-component of initial velocity (m/s)
% x-- X-position of ball (m)
% y-- Y-position of ball (m)
% Constants
conv = pi / 180; % Degrees-to-radians conversion factor
g = -9.81;
% Accel. due to gravity
vo = 20;
% Initial velocity
%Create an array to hold ranges
range = zeros(1,91);
% Calculate maximum ranges
for ii = 1:91
theta = ii - 1;
vxo = vo * cos(theta*conv);
vyo = vo * sin(theta*conv);
max_time = -2 * vyo / g;
range(ii) = vxo * max_time;
end
% Write out table of ranges
fprintf ('Range versus angle theta:\n');
for ii = 1:91
theta = ii - 1;
fprintf(' %2d %8.4f\n',theta, range(ii));
end
% Calculate the maximum range and angle
[maxrange index] = max(range);
maxangle = index - 1;
fprintf ('\nMax range is %8.4f at %2d degrees.\n',...
maxrange, maxangle);
% Now plot the trajectories
for ii = 5:10:85
% Get velocities and max time for this angle
theta = ii;
vxo = vo * cos(theta*conv);
vyo = vo * sin(theta*conv);
max_time = -2 * vyo / g;
% Calculate the (x,y) positions
x = zeros(1,21);
y = zeros(1,21);
for jj = 1:21
time = (jj-1) * max_time/20;
x(jj) = vxo * time;
y(jj) = vyo * time + 0.5 * g * time^2;
end
plot(x,y,'b');
if ii == 5
hold on;
end
end
% Add titles and axis lables
title ('\bfTrajectory of Ball vs Initial Angle \theta');
xlabel ('\bf\itx \rm\bf(meters)');
ylabel ('\bf\ity \rm\bf(meters)');
axis ([0 45 0 25]);
grid on;
% Now plot the max range trajectory
vxo = vo * cos(maxangle*conv);
vyo = vo * sin(maxangle*conv);
max_time = -2 * vyo / g;
% Calculate the (x,y) positions
x = zeros(1,21);
y = zeros(1,21);
for jj = 1:21
time = (jj-1) * max_time/20;
x(jj) = vxo * time;
y(jj) = vyo * time + 0.5 * g * time^2;
end
plot(x,y,'r','LineWidth',3.0);
hold off

>> ball

Range versus angle theta:

0 0.0000

1 1.4230

2 2.8443

3 4.2621

4 5.6747

5 7.0805

6 8.4775

7 9.8643

8 11.2390

9 12.6001

10 13.9458

11 15.2745

12 16.5846

13 17.8745

14 19.1426

15 20.3874
16 21.6073
17 22.8009

18 23.9668

19 25.1034

20 26.2095

21 27.2836

22 28.3245

23 29.3309

24 30.3015

25 31.2352
26 32.1309

27 32.9874

28 33.8038

29 34.5789

30 35.3119

31 36.0019

32 36.6481

33 37.2496

34 37.8057

35 38.3157

36 38.7791

37 39.1952

38 39.5635

39 39.8837

40 40.1553

41 40.3779

42 40.5514

43 40.6754
44 40.7499

45 40.7747

46 40.7499

47 40.6754

48 40.5514

49 40.3779

50 40.1553

51 39.8837

52 39.5635
53 39.1952

54 38.7791

55 38.3157

56 37.8057

57 37.2496

58 36.6481

59 36.0019

60 35.3119

61 34.5789

62 33.8038

63 32.9874

64 32.1309

65 31.2352

66 30.3015

67 29.3309

68 28.3245

69 27.2836

70 26.2095
 71 25.1034

72 23.9668

73 22.8009

74 21.6073

75 20.3874

76 19.1426

77 17.8745

78 16.5846

79 15.2745
80 13.9458

81 12.6001

82 11.2390

83 9.8643

84 8.4775

85 7.0805

86 5.6747

87 4.2621

88 2.8443

89 1.4230

90 0.0000

Max range is 40.7747 at 45 degrees.

>>

Trajectory of Ball vs Initial Angle 

25

20

15
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