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    Antiderivative. Graphically, It Is Equivalent To Finding The Area Under A Curve

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    Chaitanya Gaur
    This section provides an optional overview of integration techniques for readers familiar with calculus. It explains that integration can be used to find the displacement of an object given its velocity over time, which is equivalent to calculating the area under a velocity-time graph. In the document, an example problem demonstrates how to divide a time interval into small sections and calculate displacement as the average velocity times the time interval, represented as areas of rectangles on the graph.

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    Antiderivative. Graphically, It Is Equivalent To Finding The Area Under A Curve

    Uploaded by

    Chaitanya Gaur
    39 views2 pages
    This section provides an optional overview of integration techniques for readers familiar with calculus. It explains that integration can be used to find the displacement of an object given its velocity over time, which is equivalent to calculating the area under a velocity-time graph. In the document, an example problem demonstrates how to divide a time interval into small sections and calculate displacement as the average velocity times the time interval, represented as areas of rectangles on the graph.

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    This section provides an optional overview of integration techniques for readers familiar with calculus. It explains that integration can be used to find the displacement of an object given its velocity over time, which is equivalent to calculating the area under a velocity-time graph. In the document, an example problem demonstrates how to divide a time interval into small sections and calculate displacement as the average velocity times the time interval, represented as areas of rectangles on the graph.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    39 views2 pages

    Antiderivative. Graphically, It Is Equivalent To Finding The Area Under A Curve

    Uploaded by

    Chaitanya Gaur
    This section provides an optional overview of integration techniques for readers familiar with calculus. It explains that integration can be used to find the displacement of an object given its velocity over time, which is equivalent to calculating the area under a velocity-time graph. In the document, an example problem demonstrates how to divide a time interval into small sections and calculate displacement as the average velocity times the time interval, represented as areas of rectangles on the graph.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    This is an optional section that assumes the reader is familiar with the techniques

    of integral calculus. If you have not yet studied integration in your calculus course,
    you should skip this section or cover it after you become familiar with integration.
    The velocity of a particle moving in a straight line can be obtained if its position
    as a function of time is known. Mathematically, the velocity equals the derivative of
    the position coordinate with respect to time. It is also possible to find the displacement
    of a particle if its velocity is known as a function of time. In calculus, the procedure
    used to perform this task is referred to either as integration or as finding the
    antiderivative. Graphically, it is equivalent to finding the area under a curve.
    Suppose the vx -t graph for a particle moving along the x axis is as shown in
    Figure 2.15. Let us divide the time interval into many small intervals, each of
    duration _tn . From the definition of average velocity we see that the displacement
    during any small interval, such as the one shaded in Figure 2.15, is given by
    where is the average velocity in that interval. Therefore, the displacement
    during this small interval is simply the area of the shaded rectangle.
    _xn _ vxn _tn , vxn
    tf _ ti
    2.7
    position _. Because the elapsed time for this part of the
    motion is about 3 s, we estimate that the acceleration due
    to gravity will have changed the speed by about 30 m/s.
    We can calculate this from Equation 2.8, where we take
    We could just as easily have made our calculation between
    positions _ and _ by making sure we use the correct time interval,
    To demonstrate the power of our kinematic equations, we
    can use Equation 2.11 to find the position of the stone at
    by considering the change in position between a
    different pair of positions, _ and _. In this case, the time is
    Exercise Find (a) the velocity of the stone just before it hits
    the ground at _ and (b) the total time the stone is in the air.
    Answer (a) _37.1 m/s (b) 5.83 s
    _ _22.5 m
    _ 12
    (_9.80 m/s2)(5.00 s _ 4.08 s)2
    _ 0 m _ (_20.0 m/s)(5.00 s _ 4.08 s)
    yD _ yC _ vy Ct _ 12
    ayt 2
    tD _ tC :
    tD _ 5.00 s
    _ _29.0 m/s
    vyD _ vyA _ ayt _ 20.0 m/s _ (_9.80 m/s2)(5.00 s)
    t _ tD _ tA _ 5.00 s:
    _ _29.0 m/s
    vyD _ vy B _ ayt _ 0 m/s _ (_9.80 m/s2)(5.00 s _ 2.04 s)
    t _ tD _ tB :
    from _ to _. Thus, the time needed for it to go from _ to
    _ should be twice the time needed for it to go from _ to _.
    When the stone is back at the height from which it was
    thrown (position _), the y coordinate is again zero. Using
    Equation 2.11, with we obtain
    This is a quadratic equation and so has two solutions for
    The equation can be factored to give
    One solution is corresponding to the time the stone
    starts its motion. The other solution is which is
    the solution we are after. Notice that it is double the value we
    calculated for tB.
    (d) Again, we expect everything at _ to be the same as it
    is at _, except that the velocity is now in the opposite direction.
    The value for t found in (c) can be inserted into Equation
    2.8 to give
    _
    The velocity of the stone when it arrives back at its original
    height is equal in magnitude to its initial velocity but opposite
    in direction. This indicates that the motion is symmetric.
    (e) For this part we consider what happens as the stone
    falls from position _, where it had zero vertical velocity, to

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