Professional Documents
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Durasteel Ducting
Durasteel Ducting
ducting
Introducing ®
DURASTEEL Ducting
Features General
• Fire resistant from either side. Making the right choice of fire resistant ductwork is a minefield when legislative
considerations have to be borne in mind, a decision that is further complicated when even
• Impact resistant.
the phrase “fire resistance” and “fire rated” can have totally different meanings and are
• Moisture resistant. sometimes used as performance indicators.
• Space-saving. “Fire resistance” can be thought to imply that the duct performance includes all three
parameters, Stability, Integrity and Insulation, whilst “fire rated” has no particularly definitive
• Complete system.
meaning and is often confused with “fire resistance” which has significant implications
• Excellent structural strength within the British Standards. This lack of clear definition alone creates a dilemma for
and integrity. designers who have to make a choice from sales literature that covers many different
• Suitable for internal product types and performances.
and external locations.
• Maintenance-free.
• Can be prefabricated.
• Low leakage.
• Suitable for Class C pressure
differential of -750 Pa and +3,500 Pa.
• No dampers needed.
• Protects services and maintains
fire integrity of compartment walls
and floors through which it passes.
• Fast track construction methods.
• The fire rated ductwork shall have up to 240 minutes fire resistance, tested to BS
476 Part 24 (tested internally and externally) and further assessed by a UKAS
accredited laboratory.
• Smoke extract ductwork which passes from one fire compartment to another shall
have up to 240 minutes fire integrity, tested to BS 476 Part 24 Type B (tested
internally and externally). Also to be proven by independent certification that the
resulting cross sectional area of the duct at the end of the test shall have
maintained at least 75% of it’s original cross section.
• Where fire resistant plenums are specified they shall have up to 240 minutes fire
integrity, tested to BS 476: Part 22 (tested internally and externally) and shall
include all support systems and fixings.
• Penetration seals around fire resistant ductwork shall be compliant with BS 476:
Part 24 (i.e. they shall be installed as tested / assessed). Intumex Fire Seals shall
be used, as is current practice for sealing around DURASTEEL® systems.
• All necessary supports, joining strips, flanges and other accessories required for
the complete installation of the fire resistant ductwork / plenum systems shall be
supplied by the same manufacturer as the Duct / Plenum fabricator.
• Independently tested fire resistant sealed access hatches shall be provided in the
fire resistant ductwork / plenums to allow access for cleaning and maintenance of
equipment such as fire dampers.
Continued on next page
Introducing ®
DURASTEEL Ducting
Specification for Fire Resistant Ductwork & Plenums Continued from previous page
• In addition to BS 476: Part 24 fire test requirements, the composite material used
in fire rated ductwork and plenum constructions shall have proven its suitability
for use, endorsed by independent certification (test or assessment), to the meet
the following performance parameters:
• Impact resistance is vital to support both the life expectancy of the system and
resist damage during the build and delivery of the system. Unexpected site
conditions/delays often mean that ductwork sections will be stored on site in
cramped conditions where damage could occur, resulting in programme delays
• Resistance to projectiles proves that during the operational life of the system
objects that may be disturbed and/or thrown against the duct/plenum will not
cause damage, hence preventing expensive maintenance and possible closure
• Non-combustibility and minimal smoke toxicity are vital characteristics of all the
materials used throughout buildings, but are of especial importance for systems
operating in underground rail stations for instance.
• Acoustic properties may be of vital importance where ducts pass through public
areas and helps stop drumming and airborne sound transfer
• Leakage tests provide assurances as to the systems ability to retain its specified
operating pressure throughout its lifetime.
• Airflow resistance test provide designers with information to allow fan sizing.
• Strength testing will verify the materials ‘Walk on strength’, the materials strength
when wet and the resistance to delamination of the outer steel skins.
There are a number of differing DURASTEEL® duct systems, all designed and fully
tested so as to be able to offer a variety of systems and solutions suiting a wide
range of construction needs and performance requirements. These are described in
brief in the following pages. For specific performance requirements and installation
details, please consult your local Intumex Asia Pacific office.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Provision of Natural & Mechanical Basement Smoke Vents
Smoke and heat tends to escape from • The combined cross-sectional area of • The system must retain 75% of its
basement areas via stairways and lift all the smoke vents must not be less cross sectional area to be suitable for
shafts. This makes escape, fire fighting than 1/40th of the floor area of the use of smoke extraction purposes.
and search and rescue more difficult. storey that they serve. Ref: BS 476: Part 24
Venting of basement areas reduces this • Vent ducts or shafts 7 should • A sprinklered system 5 should
problem and also provides the fire be constructed of non-combustible fire be fitted to the basement storey(s)
services with the means to allow cooler resisting materials. where a mechanical smoke extract
air into the the basement which facilitates system fulfils the main extract
access and smoke clearance. • Where natural smoke vent shafts from
requirements.
different compartments of the same
A large modern building with a basement basement storey, or from different • The protected shaft 2 encloses the
greater than 200m2 in area and/or more basement storeys, are adjacent to ductwork.
than 3 metres below ground level is each other. They should be separated
unlikely to be catered for by natural • The air extraction system should give
by non-combustible fire resisting
ventilation alone. Basements of this size at least 10 air changes per hour.
construction.
served by mechanical smoke extract • Penetration sealing 3 at compartment
systems must also be sprinklered. walls and floors is to be as used in fire
MECHANICAL SMOKE VENTS testing of the duct system.
NATURAL SMOKE VENTS Ref: BS 476: Part 24
• The air extraction system should give at
• Where practicable each basement least 10 air changes per hour. • The duct system identified within
space should have one or more the protected shaft, plant room and
smoke vents. • The air extraction system 1 should be basement area may be upgraded with
rated at 300OC for 1 hour minimum. The insulating material over escape routes
• Smoke vents 7 should be situated at fan is to be located in a 1-hour 4 or adjacent to potential fire hazards,
high level, evenly distributed around minimum fire compartment if the fan to provide full fire insulation to BS 476:
the building perimeter, discharging to room is located within the building. Part 24.
atmosphere.
• The duct system must activate
• Places of special fire hazard should automatically, either by activation of the
have separate vents. sprinkler system or by an automatic fire
• Vent terminations 6 may have non- detection system.
combustible break-out covers grilles or • Where the ductwork passes through
louvres. Vents must not obstruct means fire resistant walls or floors the system
of escape. must have been tested to BS 476: Part
24: 1987.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Provision of Natural & Mechanical Basement Smoke Vents
When mechanical smoke extraction is used the replacement air For details of system please refer to Types of A pplica tion.
is usually provided by dedicated ducting not shown here.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Enclosed Basement Car Parks (Mechanical Ventilation of Car Park)
A commercial development may have • Penetration sealing 3 at compartment • Where the ductwork passes through
multiple level sub-surface or enclosed walls and floors is to be as used in fire fire resistant walls or floors the system
parking. This will require a mechanical testing of the duct system. must have been tested to BS 476:
ducting system to extract car exhaust Ref: BS 476: Part 24 Part 24: 1987.
fumes during normal usage via low level Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.9) Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.2.5.1)
‘dropper’ ducts and for the systems fan to
• The duct system used within the • The system should provide smoke
increase its extract volume in fire
protected shaft, plant room and vents 50% at high level and 50% at
conditions to exhaust smoke from the
basement car park areas may be low level.
high level ‘collector ducting’.
upgraded with insulating material over
• The system is to be designed to run in
As an alternative to high level ‘collector escape routes 4 or adjacent to fire two parts, extracting 50% each part,
ducting’, plenum ceilings may save space hazards, to provide full fire insulation to being able to run together or
and avoid the costs of expensive civils BS 476: Part 24. separately.
construction, see Plenum Ceiling page Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.3)
70. Resistance to impact and moisture is Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.5.2) • Each part to have an independent
beneficial for these vulnerable locations. power supply which would operate in
• Low level ‘dropper’ ducts 5 and high the event of a failure of the main power
level ‘header’ duct 6.
COMPONENTS supply.
• The air extraction system 1 should be • The system must retain 75% of its
rated at 300OC for 1 hour minimum. The cross sectional area to be suitable for
DESIGN PARAMETERS smoke extraction purposes.
fan is to be located in a 1-hour
minimum fire compartment if the fan • Fire dampers should not be provided in Ref: BS 476: Part 24
room is located within the building. extract ducting serving car parks.
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.2) Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.3.4.2)
• The protected shaft 2 encloses the • All system components are to have a
ductwork. minimum melting point of 800OC. No
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.2.3) aluminium or fibre glass components.
• The system should provide 6 air
changes per hour in normal operation.
10 air changes in fire conditions and
be separated from any other
ventilation system (other than any
system providing normal ventilation to
car park).
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Enclosed Basement Car Parks (Mechanical Ventilation of Car Park)
• BS 476: Part 24: 1987. The high level collector ducting runs around the car park
together with its ‘dropper’ ducts, it branches off in many
• BS 5588: Part 9: 1999. directions. For clarity only one branch is shown here.
The fire load for car parks is well defined and not particularly
REPLACEMENT AIR
high. Where a car park is well ventilated, there is a low
The replacement air is usually drawn down the entry ramp or probability of fire spread from one storey to another. Because of
may be provided by dedicated ducting. this, car parks are not normally expected to be fitted with
sprinklers.
For details of system please refer to Types of A pplica tion.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Non-domestic Kitchen Extract Ducting
The most likely cause of fire within the COMPONENTS DESIGN PARAMETERS
kitchen of any commercial development
is the overheating of oils and fats used in • The air extraction system 1 should be • Fire dampers should not be provided in
rated at 300OC for 1 hour minimum. extract ducting serving non-domestic
frying. This may be caused by the failure
The fan is to be located in a 1-hour kitchens.
of temperature monitoring equipment
minimum fire compartment if the fan Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.3.4.2)
allowing the heated ‘fuel’ to reach ignition
temperatures. room is located within the building.
• Horizontal runs of ductwork should be
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.2)
limited to prevent grease build-up.
Poor housekeeping, lack of maintenance
and careless working procedures • The protected shaft 2 provides Ref: HVCA DW171 (14.9)
together with the kitchen’s design layout compartmentation between the duct • A grease trap/sump is to be installed at
add further to the risk of fire. and other areas of the building. Other 90O bends for draining purposes.
ducts located in close proximity to the Ref: HVCA DW171 (14.19)
The fire resisting ductwork serving the kitchen extract duct within the shaft
kitchen must be able to safely convey may require consideration for cross- • Most kitchen extract ducts are located
polluted air from the kitchen to over fires with regard to the duct within a protected shaft. Where the
atmosphere and also prevent an internal insulation requirements. duct exits this shaft and crosses other
fire from spreading to other Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.2.3) ‘risk’ areas. Care must be taken that
compartments. It must also have the duct is protected from external fire
resistance against external fire in another • Access panels 3 are fitted every three to prevent ignition of grease inside the
compartment as this might otherwise metres for cleaning purposes and at duct. Fire insulation of the duct in risk
deposits such as grease within the duct. bend. areas should meet the additional
In order for the kitchen extract system to Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.6.1) requirements described for kitchen
function correctly, it is essential that • The kitchen exhaust system is often extract ducts.
provision is made for replacement air (not installed uninsulated within the Ref: BS 476: Part 24 (Duct Type A
shown on adjacent drawing here). protected shaft (without an insulating additional requirements for kitchen
outer covering). It may be upgraded to extract ducts)
insulated 4 over escape routes, within • The duct must also provide duct Type B
plant rooms or adjacent to potential fire fire resistance to BS 476: Part 24 in
hazards. line with the kitchen compartment
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.3) rating for extraction of smoke from a
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.5.2) kitchen fire.
• Penetration sealing 5 at compartment Ref: BS 476: Part 24 (Duct Type B)
walls or floors should be as used in fire • Ductwork carrying polluted air must
testing of the duct system. have separate and independent
Ref: BS 476: Part 24 extraction with no re-circulation.
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.9) Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.6.1)
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.5.6.2)
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Non-domestic Kitchen Extract Ducting
• BS 476: Part 24: 1987. DW171 (HVCA Guide for Kitchen Ventilation Systems)
recommends that ductwork systems extracting from non-
• BS 5588: Part 9: 1999. domestic kitchens are regularly cleaned. A fire suppression
• HVCA DW171: 1999. system may be required by the Building Regulations but is not
shown here.
For details of system please refer to Types of A pplica tion. Prior
to installation it is advisable to confirm the duct’s insulation
requirements throughout its route with the relevant authority.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Smoke Extract Ducting For A Typical Commercial Building
A typical commercial development will COMPONENTS DESIGN PARAMETERS
have multiple levels/compartments
requiring smoke extraction. • The air extraction system 1 should be • Must be capable of extracting smoke
rated at 300OC for 1 hour minimum. and partly combusted gases from the
Provision of smoke extract ducting assists The fan is to be located in a 1-hour building and discharging them to
the safe evacuation of the building minimum fire compartment if the fan atmosphere.
occupants whilst providing visibility in the room is located within the building.
• Where the ductwork passes through
fire compartment to aid the fire services
in fighting the fire. • The protected shaft 2 encloses the fire resistant walls or floors the system
ductwork. must have been tested to BS 476:
The main ‘public’ area on each floor will Part 24: 1987.
visually be designed as an individual fire • Penetration sealing 3 at compartment
walls and floors is to be as used in fire • The system must retain 75% of its
compartment. The use of fire
testing of the duct system. cross sectional area to be suitable for
resisting/smoke extraction ducting
Ref: BS 476: Part 24 smoke extraction purposes.
systems within this compartment ensures
Ref: BS 476: Part 24
that effective smoke extraction is carried • Motorised smoke/fire damper 4
out. When fire is detected, motorised controlled by the building’s fire control
smoke/fire dampers are operated by the management system.
building’s fire control management GENERAL COMMENT
system. On the non-fire floors these • The duct system used within the
protected shaft, plant room and In line ancillary equipment such as
dampers are closed but remain open attenuators, volume control dampers etc
within the fire zone to enable smoke basement car park areas may be
upgraded with insulating material over must be fire resistant to the same
extraction from the area. standard as the fire resisting ductwork.
escape routes 5 or adjacent to fire
Additional supply air systems (not shown hazards, to provide full fire insulation to These items are normally encased in fire
here) provide air into the non-fire zones to BS 476: Part 24. resistant materials and suspended on
aid escape and to repel smoke. Supply air drop rods installed to the same loading
ducting is closed off within the fire zone. • Steel run-out ducting 6 is used for requirements used for the fire resisting
The use of smoke extraction ducting extracting smoke. Connected to grilles ductwork.
systems, together with the building’s fire and feeding smoke and hot gases into
control management system, gives the the main smoke extract ducting.
fire services flexibility in fighting the fire. Ref: BS 476: Part 24
• BS 476: Part 24: 1987. Supply air ductwork is not shown here.
A sprinkler system may be required by the Building Regulations
but is also not shown here.
For details of system please refer to Types of A pplica tion.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Smoke Extract Ducting For A Typical Commercial Building
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Dual Purpose Ventilation/Smoke Extract Ducting
Dual purpose systems are designed to COMPONENTS DESIGN PARAMETERS
provide conditioned air into the building
during normal operation and to extract • The air extraction system 1 should be • Must be capable of extracting smoke
rated at 300OC for 1 hour minimum. and partly combusted gases through
smoke in the case of fire.
The fan is to be located in a 1-hour the building and discharging them to
The conditioned air may require the minimum fire compartment if the fan atmosphere.
ducting to be thermally lagged to room is located within the building. The
• Where the ductwork passes through
maintain its temperature. It is vital that change over dampers 2 switch the fire resistant walls or floors the system
this lagging is made of a non-combustible system from supply to extract. must have been tested to BS 476:
non-toxic material due to its role as a
smoke extract ducting. • The protected shaft 3 encloses the Part 24: 1987.
ductwork. • The system must retain 75% of its
These types of ‘dual purpose’ systems
may be a more economical solution when • Penetration sealing 4 at compartment cross sectional area to be suitable for
walls or floors is to be as used in fire smoke extraction purposes.
compared to providing dedicated smoke
testing of the duct system. Ref: BS 476: Part 24
extract systems.
Ref: BS 476: Part 24 • Ancillary equipment such as
In a fire, the building’s fire control
• Motorised smoke/fire damper 5 attenuators volume control dampers
management system operates to reverse
operated via the building’s fire control etc must be fire resistant to the same
the fans and separates the duct from its
management system. standard as the fire resisting ductwork.
conditioning function via change over
These items are normally encased in
dampers. • The supply/extract system may be fire resistant materials and suspended
The fan’s extract volume increases to pull upgraded with insulating material 6 on drop rods installed to the same
the smoke from the fire compartment. over escape routes or adjacent to fire loading requirements used for the fire
hazards, providing full fire insulation to resisting ductwork.
BS 476: Part 24 (Duct Type B).
• Care should be taken when selecting
• Steel run-out ducting systems 7 are any thermal lagging that may be
used for extracting smoke. Connected required for dual purpose
to grilles and feeding smoke and hot ventilation/smoke extract ducting, with
gases into the main smoke extract regard to combustibility.
ducting.
• BS 476: Part 24: 1987. Supply air ductwork is not shown here.
A sprinkler system may be required by the Building Regulations
but is also not shown here.
For details of system please refer to Types of A pplica tion.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Dual Purpose Ventilation/Smoke Extract Ducting
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Pressurisation Ductwork
Most types of commercial developments will COMPONENTS DESIGN PARAMETERS
require the provision of escape stairways
and corridors and may require fire fighting • Smoke control dampers 2. • Fire dampers should not be used in
pressurisation ductwork.
shafts. To ensure the supply of fresh air to • The protected shaft 3 encloses the
Ref: BS 5588: Part 4 (11.1)
these vital areas during fire, pressurisation ductwork.
ductwork may be installed within the Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.2.3) • The system must have been tested as
protected space or inside protected shafts Duct Type A to BS 476: Part 24: 1987.
routed through the building. • Penetration seals 4 at compartment Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.2.5)
walls or floors are to be as installed as
Where the ductwork runs through a fire used in fire testing of the duct system. • Air intake positions are where possible
compartment, fire resistant ductwork Ref: BS 476: Part 24 to be located on or near ground level.
should be used. The pressurised air Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.4.9) They should not be located near to
inhibits the penetration of smoke into the potential fire hazards or in close
protected areas providing ‘safe havens’ • Supply ducting 5. proximity to basement smoke vent
for evacuation or for fire fighting access. • Supply ducting 6 that penetrates a fire discharge points.
resisting compartment should be Ref: BS 5588: Part 4 (11.1)
Fire dampers should not be used in
pressurisation systems. protected using the methods given in • If located at roof level air intake must
BS 5588: Part 9: 1999. be taken from two sources located to
Ref: BS 5588: Part 4 (11.1)
COMPONENTS face in different directions. Each inlet
Ref: BS 5588: Part 9 (6.2) must be capable of providing the full air
• The pressure differential equipment i.e. requirements of the system. Each inlet
• Steel ducting 7 may be used for
fan, motor an control gear 1 should be should be protected by an
supplying air to the lobbies (for
housed: independently operated smoke control
example).
a) in an enclosure with a fire resistance of damper 2 in such a way that if one
not less than 60 minutes, preferably in • Fire fighting lift 8. damper closes due to smoke
a plant room separated from other plant contamination, the other inlet will
on or near the ground level and close to continue to supply the air requirements
the air supply intakes; or for the system.
Ref: BS 5588: Part 4 (11.1)
b) at the roof level if the fire resistance
separation between the plant room
and the building below is not less than
60 minutes within 5 metres measured
horizontally of any part of the pressure
differential system equipment or
enclosure.
Access doors to the enclosure should
have a fire resistance of not less than
60 minutes and be self-closing. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Note: Where the pressure differential • BS 476: Part 24: 1987.
system protects a fire fighting shaft the
level of fire resistance should be • BS 5588: Part 4: 1998.
increased to 120 minutes. • BS 5588: Part 9: 1999.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Pressurisation Ductwork
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Transformer Electrical Room Inlet & Extract Ducting For A Sub-surface Chamber
A typical major office or retail • Penetration Seals 5 • Cable Enclosures 7
development will have transformer and
electrical rooms to provide additional The fire sealing penetration sea around Cables entering/leaving the chamber
power requirements and to ensure control the ductwork should be installed as may be protected in DURASTEEL®
of emergency apparatus. If these are tested to BS 476: Part 24, in the case of demountable enclosures. These may be
located sub-surface and cannot be DURASTEEL® systems this is with installed in stages to suit the building
naturally vented they will require DURASTOP Original. This sealant is programme. The support system can be
mechanical smoke extraction. extensively tested and is used in power designed to carry the weight of ladder
station applications in countries around racks, cable trays etc. Cables may be
This graphic identifies the use of the world. Often, DURASTOP Original is separated by the installation of
DURASTEEL® ducting systems and other used together with DURASTEEL® sheet DURASTEEL® splitters.
DURASTEEL® applications that are to seal openings around building
commonly specified to provide the services in fire compartment walls and • Steel Doors 8
necessary fire and blast protection. floors. These panels may be
Intumex Asia Pacific is able to provide a demountable for future access. Fitting a DURAFIRE door to the chamber
‘one stop shop’ solution for transformer/ completes the compartmentation.
electrical room fire protection. These steel doors provide security to
• Blast/Fire Resisting Ceilings 6
the chamber especially in remote
COMPONENTS The chamber may require the locations. Louvres providing airflow to
insulation of a DURASTEEL® blast the chamber can be fitted to the door
• Fire Resistant Ducting 1 & 2 ceiling to improve the performance of leaf where specified. These may be
DURASTEEL® natural ventilation and existing structures. This blast barrier dampered to shut down in fire
mechanical ducting systems are the prevents debris from an exploding conditions. Overhead or side panels can
perfect solution to be supply 3 and transformer penetrating occupied areas be fitted together with demountable
above. Each barrier is purposely transoms to allow the complete
exhaust venting 4 of transformer and
designed to suit the individual location. assembly to be removed for removal of
switchgear rooms due to the material’s
equipment.
proven performance in resisting
extremes of pressure. • Demountable Fire Barriers Man sized access hatches with ‘gas
Fully demountable DURASTEEL® struts’ are available to individual design
Transformers may explode upon failure
barriers allow for access to the and floor mounted plant room access
and the extreme pressure build-up
chamber to replace equipment. doors for equipment removal can be
from its explosion is contained by the
Alternatively, loadbearing floor panels supplied.
chamber itself and is vented out to
atmosphere via the chamber’s or trap doors located in the floor above
ductwork. This extreme of pressure can the chamber may be used. Fire
cause the collapse of sheet steel duct resistance periods of 60 to 240 minutes
systems resulting in a failure to extract integrity and insulation are available.
and contain toxic smoke.
Emergency generators need a steady
supply of fresh air to ensure operation
in fire conditions; DURASTEEL® supply
ductwork remains intact following the
blast and provides this essential
ventilation.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Design Considerations
Transformer Electrical Room Inlet & Extract Ducting For A Sub-surface Chamber
NOTE
Mineral wool cover fillets and
collars have been omitted for
clarity. If used as a kitchen
extract duct, an internal steel
liner is recommended for ease of
cleaning.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Types of Application
DURADUCT LT System
Detail below depicts proprietary flange
system for Duraduct LT system.
DURASTEEL® slips into flange and fixed
into position. Flanges joined by caps and
bolts.
• Single sided application no hanger • 3-sided application using structure • 2-sided application using structure
support. soffit as 4th side. soffit as other two sides.
• 4-sided application using drop rods and • 4-sided large duct, with stiffeners to • Single sided application using central
cradle angle support. ensure cross section of duct is hanger support.
maintained.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Construction Details
Single membranes installed across short
spans can form plenum chambers or offer
protection to other services. Larger spans
are installed on a support system
comprising of steel ‘drop rods’. Flexible
joints are available to span building
movement lines.
Self-Supporting
Plenum Ceiling
The suspended plenum ceiling detailed
on the right is self-supporting. The
structure 4 must have a fire performance
at least equal to the plenum itself, the
DURASTEEL® sheets 1 will be either
6mm or 9.5mm dependant on fire
performance requirements. The perimeter
angle 3 is bolted to the structure using
non combustible expansion bolts at
nominal 600mm centres, the framing
section 2 dimension depend on the span
of the plenum and the operating pressure
it is to withstand.
Suspended
Plenum Ceiling
For wide spans, it may be more
economical to use a ceiling plenum with
hanger supports rather than increase
steel section dimensions beyond practical
limits. The steel section sizes 3 can be
minimised using this method, provided
the hanger support system 2 is adequate
and does not exceed permitted stress
levels for unprotected sections. Please
consult Intumex Asia Pacific for details.
The DURASTEEL® 1 is fixed to the
framework in the normal fashion.
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DURASTEEL Ducting
Construction Details Installation of Ancillary Items
All types of typical ductwork ancillary items can be installed within DURASTEEL® ductwork
systems without impairing the fire performance of the systems.
Details below show how items such as VCU, Silencers etc can be housed within the
DURASTEEL® ductwork systems. For specific construction details, please consult your local
Intumex Asia Pacific office.
Introducing
DURASHAFT Vertical Ducting
Features
• Maximises lettable floor area.
• Requires up to 40% less floor space
than conventional multi-service
riser systems.
• Eliminates the need for
internal thin-gauge steel ducting.
Types of Application
• Fire resistant inside and DURASHAFT is a revolutionary pressurized shaft system developed for today’s high-rise
outside the duct. buildings. It eliminates the need for internal steel ducting, releasing more usable floor area
and is robust enough to withstand the construction environment, enabling it to be installed
• Splitters replace independent ducts. early in the building programme.
• Very early installation. DURASHAFT is a vertical duct construction, which can run through the entire height of a
• No protruding fixings on internal face. building uninterrupted.
• Prefabrication of complete sections DURASHAFT is a fully tested construction, capable of withstanding high differential
where appropriate. pressures (+/- 2kPa) and spanning up to 4000mm story heights (floor to floor).
• Direct fixing of services The precise configuration for each project is designed as a bespoke system, considering all
eliminates secondary supports. performance requirements such as applied pressures, leakage parameters and cross
sectional area.
• Excellent acoustic insulation.
If required, the design can incorporate additional sub assemblies such as side inlets, access
• Dampers and fans can be incorporated. and inspection panels, fire dampers and fans.
• Fast construction method. DURASHAFT is assembled on site from component parts, consisting of the inner
*DW144: Specification for sheet metal DURASTEEL® skin 1 providing a tough impact resistant inner liner, an external exoskeleton
ducting published by the Heating & framing 3 especially designed to meet project performance parameters, and an external
Ventilating Contractors Association. gypsum liner 2 providing enhanced acoustic and insulation performances. The whole is
fixed at each floor slab level by means of steel brackets.
B
Project References
DURASTEEL® fibre cement and steel composite board is well known for its high impact
performance and has been extensively used in many noteworthy projects over the countries
in Asia Pacific and Europe, such as the following:
PROJECTS APPLICATIONS YEAR
K.C.R.C. EastRail extension, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, access doors, plenum ceiling, 2004
services enclosure
Wanchai Police Headquarters (phase 3), LT duct for smoke extraction, plenum ceiling, services enclosure, 2004
HONG KONG town gas pipe enclosure, bulkhead for fire shutters, smoke barrier
M.T.R.C. Stations Improvement, HONG KONG Smoke extraction ducts, fire doors, 1997~2004
kiosk fire separation, services enclosure
School Improvement Programme Services enclosure, fire barrier, ventilation ducts 1995~2004
(phase 1, 2, 3 & 4), HONG KONG
Sub-stations for H.K. Electric Company, HONG KONG Services enclosure, ventilation duct 1992~2004
Government Housing Developments, HONG KONG Ventilation ducts, services enclosure 1990~2004
Hong Kong University extension, HONG KONG Loadbearing floor, services enclosure, ventilation ducts 1990~2004
Sub-stations for China Light & Power Ltd., HONG KONG Cable trench cover, services enclosure 1990~2004
Brisbane bus tunnel Ducting/shield 2003
H.K. Chinese Women’s Club College, HONG KONG Loadbearing ceiling 2003
K.C.R.C. WestRail stations and tunnels, Smoke extraction duct, access doors, floor hatches, 2003
HONG KONG plenum ceiling, services enclosure, demountable fire barrier
Kwai Chung Cargo Terminals, HONG KONG Smoke vents, services enclosure, fire doors, 1990~2003
fire barrier, bulkhead for fire shutters
Charter House, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, services enclosure, 2002
access doors with architectural finishes
M.R.T.C. North East Line, SINGAPORE Ventilation and smoke extract duct, demountable fire barrier, 2002
access floor hatch
M.T.R.C. Tseung Kwan O extension Smoke extraction duct, access doors and hatches, 2002
(stations and tunnels), HONG KONG services enclosure, town gas pipe enclosure
Olympic Station Commercial & Residential Smoke vents, access hatches, services enclosure, 2000~2002
Development (phase 1, 2 & 3), HONG KONG smoke barrier, bulkhead for fire shutters
New World First Depot, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, services enclosure 2000
The University of Science & Technology, HONG KONG Services enclosure, fire doors, ventilation duct 1992~2000
Harbour Plaza Resort City, Smoke extraction ducts, smoke vents, services enclosure, 1999
HONG KONG plenum ceiling, bulkhead for fire shutters
London Underground: Jubilee Line extension, U.K. Fire rated and non-fire rated ventilation ductwork 1993~1999
Cheung Kong Center, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, smoke vents, services enclosure, 1998
smoke barrier, lift shaft duct
International Finance Centre One, HONG KONG Smoke extraction, smoke barrier, services enclosure 1998
Project References
PROJECTS APPLICATIONS YEAR
Louis Vuitton at Canton Road, HONG KONG Loadbearing floor 1998
Lantau Airport Railway (stations and tunnels) Smoke extraction duct, fire doors, smoke barrier, 1996~1998
HONG KONG services enclosure, plenum ceiling
Cathay Pacific Catering Services, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, services enclosure, fire door 1997
Hong Kong International Airport, HONG KONG Sliding fire door, smoke extraction duct, services enclosure 1997
HSBC Building, HONG KONG Loadbearing floor, services enclosure 1997
North District Hospital, HONG KONG Services enclosure, town gas pipe enclosure 1997
Royal Ascot Commercial & Residential Smoke vents, services enclosure, loadbearing floor 1997
Development, HONG KONG
Tuas Bay tunnel, SINGAPORE Joint cover 1997
Western Harbour crossing, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, movement joints 1997
Labrador sub-station, SINGAPORE Floor opening 1996~1997
Australia Shopping Centre, AUSTRALIA Ducting system 1996
Comcentre, SINGAPORE 2 hours plenum ceiling 1996
Hollywood Plaza, HONG KONG Smoke vents, fire doors 1996
Hunghom Freight extension, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, plenum ceiling 1996
Kwinana Power Station (coal), AUSTRALIA Smoke barriers, fire doors 1996
Nestle Dairy Farm Factory, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, services enclosure 1996
Sydney harbour tunnel, AUSTRALIA Expansion joint protection, fire doors 1996
Telepark, SINGAPORE 2 hours plenum ceiling 1996
United Christian Hospital, HONG KONG Services enclosure, ventilation ducts 1996
Woodlands sub-station, SINGAPORE Trench cover 1996
Tampines Mall, SINGAPORE 2 hours plenum ceiling 1995~1996
Temasek Polytechnic, SINGAPORE 2 hours enclosure 1995~1996
Republic Plaza, SINGAPORE 2 hours trafficable ceiling 1994~1996
Senoko Power Station, SINGAPORE Fire barrier 1994~1996
Suntec City (phases 3, 4 & 5), SINGAPORE 2 hours trafficable ceiling 1993~1996
Nethersole Hospital, HONG KONG Plenum ceiling, services enclosure 1995
AIA Tower, SINGAPORE 2 hours enclosure 1994
AutoPlaza, HONG KONG Loadbearing floor 1994
New Century Hotel & Plaza, HONG KONG Smoke extraction duct, smoke vents, smoke barrier, 1994
services enclosure, plenum ceiling, fire doors
Continued on next page
Project References Continued from previous page
®
Quality Assurance
Working With DURASTEEL On-site Quality Control Composition &
Intumex Asia Pacific has always been Intumex Asia Pacific will provide a full Manufacture
committed to the highest standards technical back up to the (sub) contractor
DURASTEEL® is a composite panel of fibre
of quality. Our DURASTEEL® board both on and off site. This will include
reinforced cement, mechanically bonded
manufacturing and production systems assistance in the form of providing written
to punched steel sheets on both faces.
operate under a rigorous quality confirmation of construction details,
DURASTEEL® is non combustible and is
management system, independently together with drawings where required.
classified as a Class O material.
certified as complying with BS EN Please note however that this refers only
ISO 9000. This provides specifiers, to specific detail drawings and does not
contractors and end users with an relate to the provision of the shop
independent assurance of our continuous drawings unless otherwise agreed.
quality control of production.
Intumex Asia Pacific will visit site on a
frequency to be agreed between Continued on next page
ourselves, the (sub) contractor and the
main contractor to ensure that installation
is proceeding in accordance with our
recommendations.
®
Working With DURASTEEL
Health & Safety General General
Continued from
previous page
No special precautions are necessary in Care should be taken to prevent injury EDGE TREATMENT
handling or working boards. When using from sharp edges and corners. Do not
A file or grinder can be used to remove
power saws or sanders in a confined leave boards lying about on site, on
sharp or burred edges due to cutting of
space, dust extraction equipment is scaffolding or in high traffic areas, where
the sheets. Care should be taken not to
recommended to control dust levels. risk of damage or injury is increased, and
remove large areas of the galvanised
prevent any misuse which could result in
DURASTEEL® will support its own weight coating as this could possibly lead to
personal injury or damage to boards. In
and also can be used in load bearing corrosion of the steel. When cut, edges do
the event of injury, obtain proper
situations; please consult Intumex Asia not need to be coated in order to provide
treatment. The materials and the
Pacific Technical Services Department for additional protection as galvanic reaction
packaging used for distribution do not
advice. Installers must ensure that they will prevent corrosion of edges. However,
incorporate any substances considered to
work from adequate and safe platforms this does depend on the location of the
be hazardous to health.
where necessary. system and its exposure to inclement
conditions. Please consult Intumex Asia
Health and Safety data sheets are
available. Working Pacific if in any doubt. Always wear
suitable eye and hand protection. Ideally,
CUTTING & SAWING masks should be worn to prevent
Handling & Storage Use a jig saw with a coarse blade.
inhalation of dust.
Carry boards on edge, and do not drop on Diamond dusted blades are available in
their corners or on to trestles. All products some countries and will assist in Decorating
should be stored under cover on a flat prolonging the life of the blades. In
base, clear of the ground. If stored in the general, cutting with a jigsaw is only PLASTERING
open, the stack should be fully protected suitable for small cuts, e.g. scribing
from the weather. If stored on racks or If a skim finish is desired, it will be
around services etc.
dunnage, boards should be fully necessary to apply a grid of expanded
supported across their width at not more For long cuts, a jigsaw blade can be used, metal lathing to provide a key for plaster
than 1m centres. but has limitations on its effectiveness, or sand and cement render. Please consult
short life span of jigsaw blades is an issue Intumex Asia Pacific for specific
and straightness of cuts. For many long recommendations.
Maintenance & cuts, use a grinder or a guillotine if
Cleaning available. Note that when cutting boards PAINTING & DECORATING
with a grinder, the edges are extremely
Boards do not normally require any sharp and thus extra care should be taken Any conventional paint can be used. Alkali
maintenance in use. DURASTEEL® boards to avoid cutting of hands etc. See below resistant primers are not necessary.
will not crack or deteriorate with normal for details on dressing of edges. Water based paints (with a watered down
usage, as it is the most rugged board first coat) or oil based paints can be
Always wear suitable eye and hand applied to all products using proprietary
product available within the passive fire
protection. Ideally, masks should be worn primer/top coat systems as recommended
protection market. DURASTEEL® boards
to prevent inhalation of dust. by paint manufacturers. DURASTEEL®
can be degreased with a mild solvent
should painting or plastering be required should be de-greased with a solvent
(see Decorating). DRILLING based cleaning agent. All paints should be
compatible with application to:
Use a hand drill or high speed power drill
(not the percussion type); bits should have 1) the galvanised steel facing, and
HSS tips and should be suitable for drilling
2) the core material has a high alkali
steel and/or fibre cement. Always wear
content.
suitable eye and hand protection. Ideally,
masks should be worn to prevent At all times the recommendations of the
inhalation of dust. paint manufacturer should be followed.
December 2004
HONG KONG
Room 1011, C.C. Wu Building
302-308 Hennessy Road
DURASTEEL
Wanchai
Tel: +852 2895 0265
Fax: +852 2576 0216
SINGAPORE
10 Science Park Road
#03-14 The Alpha
Singapore Science Park II
Singapore 117684
Tel: +65 6292 7888
Fax: +65 6294 2576
Email: info@intumex-ap.com
www.intumex-ap.com
March 2004