Square Cubes and Their Roots PDF
Square Cubes and Their Roots PDF
Square Cubes and Their Roots PDF
Many students confuse the functions of squares, cubes, and their roots, and it can be difficult to
recognize these numbers without memorizing them. This handout serves as a reference tool and
provides a brief explanation of squares, square roots, cubes, and cube roots.
Squares
A square is a number multiplied by itself. For example, 4x4 is four squared. In math notation, with
“n” representing any number, a number squared is written as n2, so four squared would be written as
42. The following is a list of common perfect squares:
02 = 0 72 = 49 142 = 196
12 = 1 82 = 64 152 = 225
22 = 4 92 = 81 162 = 256
32 = 9 102 = 100 172 = 289
42 = 16 112 = 121 182 = 324
52 = 25 122 = 144 192 = 361
62 = 36 132 = 169 202 = 400
Square Roots
The opposite operation of squaring a number is finding its square root, and square roots are written
with the radical symbol “√0” over them. Because squaring and finding a number’s square root are
opposite operations, they cancel each other out. For example, √25 = 5 because 52 = 25. The
following is a list of common perfect square roots:
√0 = 0 √36 = 6 √144 = 12
√1 = 1 √49 = 7 √169 = 13
√4 = 2 √64 = 8 √196 = 14
√9 = 3 √81 = 9 √225 = 15
√16 = 4 √100 = 10 √256 = 16
√25 = 5 √121 = 11 √289 = 17
Provided by the Academic Center for Excellence 2 Squares, Cubes, and Their Roots
August 2016
√324 = 18 √361 = 19 √400 = 20
Cubes
A cube is a number multiplied by itself and then multiplied by itself again. For example, 4x4x4 is
four cubed. In math notation, with “n” representing any number, a number cubed is written as n3, so
four cubed is written as 43. The following is a list of common perfect cubes:
03 = 0 73 = 343 143 = 2744
13 = 1 83 = 512 153 = 3375
23 = 8 93 = 729 163 = 4096
33 = 27 103 = 1000 173 = 4913
43 = 64 113 = 1331 183 = 5832
53 = 125 123 = 1728 193 = 6859
63 = 216 133 = 2197 203 = 8000
Cube Roots
The opposite operation of cubing a number is finding the cube root, and cube roots are written with
3
the radical symbol “√0” over them. Because cubing and finding a number’s cube root are opposite
3
operations, they cancel each other out. For example, √125 = 5 because 53 = 125. The following
is a list of common perfect cube roots:
3 3 3
√0 = 0 √343 = 7 √2744 = 14
3 3 3
√1 = 1 √512 = 8 √3375 = 15
3 3 3
√8 = 2 √729 = 9 √4096 = 16
3 3 3
√27 = 3 √1000 = 10 √4913 = 17
3 3 3
√64 = 4 √1331 = 11 √5832 = 18
3 3 3
√125 = 5 √1728 = 12 √6859 = 19
3 3 3
√216 = 6 √2197 = 13 √8000 = 20
Provided by the Academic Center for Excellence 2 Squares, Cubes, and Their Roots
August 2016