ВЕСТНИК МОРДОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Том 27, № 4.

2017

http://vestnik.mrsu.ru ISSN Print 0236-2910

ISSN Online 2313-0636

физико-математические науки /
PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS
УДК 537.8 DOI: 10.15507/0236-2910.027.201704.476-489

Schumann Resonances and Their Potential

Applications: a Review Article
A. F. Alrais, E. A. A. Alfadeel, S. A. Hamouda*
University of Benghazi (Benghazi, Libya)
*
dr_s_hamouda@gmail.com
Introduction. Schumann resonances is an important topic gains great interest in research
areas which has extensive use of Schumann resonances in a variety of desplines such as
biological evolutionary processes, the optimal functioning of the human brain waves and
lightning-related studies.
Materials and Methods. This dictates the major emphasis on economic, environmental,
and engineering applications and hazard assessments in the form of earthquake and vol-
cano monitoring.
Results. This review is aimed at the reader generally unfamiliar with the Schumann Res-
onances. It is our hope that this review will increase the interest in SR among researchers
previously unfamiliar with this phenomenon.
Discussion and Conclusions. In this review paper, a brief introduction about Schumann
resonances is presented. A general description of Earth’s ionosphere is outlined. The
electromagnetic waves spectrum from lightning is discussed. The history of Schumann
resonances is briefly presented. The connection of man with nature through Schumann
resonances is introduced. Present Schumann resonances researches are briefly outlined.
Schumann (global) electromagnetic resonances in the cavity Earth – ionosphere play
a critical role in all biological evolutionary processes. However, there is a great need for
independent research into the bio-compatibility between natural and manmade signals.
Serious attention must now be paid to the possible biological role of standing waves in
the atmosphere. Being a global phenomenon, Schumann resonances have numerous ap-
plications in lightning research.

Keywords: earth ionosphere, Schumann resonance, electromagnetic waves, information

waves, global lightning, cavity

For citation: Alrais A. F., Alfadeel E. A. A., Hamouda S. A. Schumann Resonances

and Their Potential Applications: a Review Article. Vestnik Mordovskogo univer-
siteta = Mordovia University Bulletin. 2017; 4(27):476‒489. DOI: 10.15507/0236-
2910.027.201704.476-489

© Alrais A. F., Alfadeel E. A. A., Hamouda S. A., 2017

476
Vol. 27, no. 4. 2017 Mordovia University Bulletin

Резонансы Шумана и их потенциальное

применение: обзорная статья
A. Ф. Альраис, Э. A. A. Альфадель, С. А. Хамуда*
Университет Бенгази (г. Бенгази, Ливия)
*
dr_s_hamouda@gmail.com
Введение. Резонанс Шумана является важной темой, вызывающей большой
интерес в исследовательских областях. Эффект резонанса Шумана используется
в различных сферах, например, биологических эволюционных процессах,
оптимальном функционировании мозговых волн человека и исследовании молний.
Материалы и методы. Авторы статьи делают акцент на экономическое,
экологическое и инженерное использование резонанса Шумана, в том числе при
оценке возможных опасностей в виде предсказания землетрясений и мониторинга
состояний вулканов.
Результаты исследования. Данный обзор предназначен для читателей, не знакомых
с резонансом Шумана. Авторы выражают надежду, что эта статья повысит интерес
к резонансу Шумана среди исследователей, ранее не знакомых с этим явлением.
Обсуждение и заключения. В данной обзорной статье представлено краткое
описание резонансов Шумана; дано общее описание ионосферы Земли; описывается
спектр электромагнитных волн, идущих от молнии; кратко представлена
история резонанса Шумана; обрисована связь человека с природой посредством
резонанса Шумана; кратко изложено современное состояние исследования данной
проблемы. Глобальные электромагнитные резонансы Шумана в ионосфере играют
критическую роль во всех биологических эволюционных процессах. Тем не менее,
существует большая потребность в независимом исследовании биосовместимости
естественных и искусственных сигналов. Необходимо обратить серьезное внимание
на возможную биологическую роль стоячих волн в атмосфере. Будучи глобальным
явлением, резонансы Шумана имеют множество применений в исследованиях
молний.

Ключевые слова: ионосфера Земли, резонанс Шумана, электромагнитные волны,

информационные волны, глобальная молния, полость

Для цитирования: Альраис А. Ф., Альфадель Э. А. А., Хамуда С. А. Резонансы

Шумана и их потенциальное применение: обзорная статья // Вестник Мордов-
ского университета. 2017. Т. 27, № 4. С. 476–489. DOI: 10.15507/0236-
2910.027.201704.476-489

Introduction This electromagnetic cavity seems

The surface of the Earth and the lower to be related to electrical activity in the
edge of the ionosphere about 55 kilometers atmosphere, particularly during times of
up defines a cavity in which electromag- intense lightning activity. Such activities
netic waves propagate. When the cavity produce quasi standing electromagnetic
is excited by broadband electromagnetic waves that exist in this cavity and have to
sources, such as, lightning, a resonant state be ‘excited’ to be observed. They are not
can develop provided the average equato- caused by anything internal to the Earth,
rial circumference is approximately equal its crust or its core. They occur at several
to an integral number of wavelengths of frequencies; specifically 7.8, 14, 20, 26,
the electromagnetic waves. This phenom- 33, 39 and 45 Hertz, with a daily varia-
enon, known as Schumann Resonance tion of about +/- 0.5 Hertz [2].
(SR), corresponds to electromagnetic os- These frequencies are called The
cillations of the surface-ionosphere cavity, Schumann Resonances. So long as the
and has been used extensively to investi- properties of Earth’s electromagnetic cav-
gate atmospheric electricity [1]. ity remain about the same, these frequen-
Physics and mathematics 477
 ВЕСТНИК МОРДОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Том 27, № 4. 2017

cies remain the same. However, there is lightning strokes around the globe. The
some change due to the solar sunspot intensities of Schumann Resonances re-
cycle as the Earth’s ionosphere changes flect global thunderstorm activity, which
in response to the 11-year cycle of solar excite transverse magnetic normal modes
activity [2]. of earth ionosphere cavity [4].
At any moment, the total charge re- Materials and Methods
siding in this cavity is 500,000 Coulombs. The Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere.
There is a vertical current flow between The ionosphere is defined as the lay-
the ground and the ionosphere of 1–3 x er of the Earth’s atmosphere that is ion-
10-12 Amperes per square meter. The re- ized by solar and cosmic radiation. It
sistance of the atmosphere is 200 Ohms. lies 75–1  000 km above the Earth. (The
There are about 1 000 lightning storms at Earth’s radius is 6 370 km, so the thickness
any given moment worldwide. Each pro- of the ionosphere is quite tiny compared
duces 0.5 to 1 Ampere and these collec- with the size of Earth). The ionosphere is
tively account for the measured current composed of three main parts, named for
flow in the Earth’s electromagnetic cav- obscure historical reasons: the D, E, and
ity [2]. The characteristics of Schumann F regions. The electron density is high-
Resonance frequencies depend on the est in the upper, or F region. The F region
characteristics of their source, location of exists during both daytime and nighttime.
the observation point with respect to the During the day it is ionized by solar ra-
source, and ionospheric electron density/ diation, during the night by cosmic rays.
conductivity behavior [3]. The D region disappears during the night
It has been well established that the compared to the daytime, and the E region
resonance frequencies contain informa- becomes weakened [5]. Fig.  1 shows the
tion about space time distribution of Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere.

F i g. 1. The Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere [6]

Because of the high energy or more of their electrons, or “ionized”,

from the Sun and from cosmic rays, and are therefore positively charged.
a solar flare (fig. 2), the atoms in the The ionized electrons behave as free
ionosphere have been stripped of one particles [5].
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Vol. 27, no. 4. 2017 Mordovia University Bulletin

F i g. 2. A solar flare’s X-ray energy increases the ionization

of all the ionosphere layers [5]

The Sun’s upper atmosphere, the co- throughout our own galaxy and the uni-
rona, is very hot and produces a constant verse (rotating neutron stars, supernovae,
stream of plasma and UV and X-rays that radio galaxies, quasars and black holes).
flow out from the Sun and affect, or ion- Thus the ionosphere is much less charged
ize, the Earth’s ionosphere. Only half the at nighttime, in which a lot of ionospher-
Earth’s ionosphere is being ionized by ic effects are easier to spot at night and
the Sun at any time [5]. During the night, take a smaller change to notice them [5].
without interference from the Sun, cos- Fig. 3 shows the Earth’s ionosphere and
mic rays ionize the ionosphere, though ground through which very low frequen-
not nearly as strongly as the Sun. These cy (VLF) radio signals can propagate or
high energy rays originate from sources “bounce” around the Earth [5].

F i g. 3. The Earth’s ionosphere and ground form a “wave-

guide” through which VLF radio signals can propagate or
“bounce” around the Earth [5]

Physics and mathematics 479

 ВЕСТНИК МОРДОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Том 27, № 4. 2017

The signal strength usually increases VLF wave strength during a flare can
because the waves don’t lose energy either increase or decrease due to wave’s
penetrating the D layer. However, the interferences, as seen in fig. 4.

F i g. 4. Constructive and destructive interference of waves [5]

Electromagnetic waves from lightning The significance of the research sup-

Lightning discharges produces elec- ports the theory that a thunderstorm and
tromagnetic fields and waves in all fre- its lightning discharges create disturbances
quency ranges. In the extremely low in the ionosphere that perturb and distort
frequency (ELF) range below 100 Hz, radio signals and impact communications
the global Schumann Resonances (SR) with orbiting satellites. This suggests that
are excited within the Earth-ionosphere lightning’s electric fields enhance electron
waveguide at frequencies of 7.8 Hz, attachment to molecular oxygen and reduce
14.1 Hz, 20.3 Hz, etc. (fig. 5). Since electron density in the lower ionosphere.
this important topic (SR) gains great Due to the low electron density in the low-
interest in research areas which has er ionosphere, active probing of its electron
extensive use of Schumann resonances distribution is difficult. Therefore, the per-
in a variety of lightning-related stud- turbative effects from thunderstorms are
ies, and connections to global climate poorly understood. Theoretical simulations
change and extraterrestrial lightning, support the theory that tropospheric thun-
it is worth introducing some historical derstorms create ionospheric disturbances
and theoretical background about this through the influence of the electric field
relevant topic. associated with the lightning [7].

F i g. 5. A thunderstorm and its lightning strokes in the troposphere affect the ionosphere [8]

480 Физико-математические науки

Vol. 27, no. 4. 2017 Mordovia University Bulletin

The history of the Schumann Reso- huge antennas that maximum radiated
nances (SR) is an interesting story. While energy occurs around 10 kHz. Lightning
Schumann gets most of the credit for the signals below 100 Hz are very weak, and
first prediction of the existence of the SR, hence the electromagnetic waves from an
the idea of natural global electromagnetic individual discharge can be propagated
resonances were first presented by George a number of times around the globe be-
F. Fitzgerald in 1893, and then again by fore decaying into the background noise.
Nikola Tesla in 1905. However, while oth- For this reason, the Earth-iono-
ers formulated the idea before Schumann, it sphere waveguide behaves like a reso-
was Schumann, together with Köning, who nator at ELF frequencies, and amplifies
attempted to measure the resonant frequen- the spectral signals from lightning at the
cies for the first time, unsuccessfully. It was resonance frequencies due to constructive
not until measurements made by Balser and interference of EM waves propagating
Wagner that adequate analysis techniques around the globe in opposite directions
were available to extract the resonance in- (see figure6). The resonance peaks occur
formation from the background noise [7]. when the wavelength of the ELF waves
Literature Review is comparable with the Earth’s circumfer-
Lightning discharges are considered ence (λ = c/f ~40,000 km), with the direct
as the primary natural source of SR. The waves resulting in constructive interfer-
vertical lightning Channels behave like ence at the SR frequencies [7].

F i g. 6. Satellite observations of Schumann resonances in the

Earth’s ionosphere [10]

A very rough approximation to describe storm, traveling along ground surface and
the properties of the Schumann resonances returning to the starting point. Assuming
is an assumption of the ideal conductivity the perfectly conducting Earth and iono-
of both the Earth’s surface and of the iono- spheric boundaries made of two perfectly
sphere E-layer. conducting concentric spheres separated by
Schumann has predicted an extremely a height, which is much smaller than the
low frequency (ELF) resonance in the Earth’s radius Re. Then the resonant fre-
earth-ionospheric waveguide. The reso- quencies fn are determined by the Earth’s
nance occurs between the electromagnetic radius and the speed of light c and can be
wave, generated by lightning and thunder- derived from the following relation [7].
Physics and mathematics 481
 ВЕСТНИК МОРДОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Том 27, № 4. 2017

fn = (c / 2πRe) (n(n+1))1/2, (1) by lightning discharges in the cavity

formed by the Earth’s surface and the
where n is an integer (n = 1,2,3,…), ionosphere [7].
c is the velocity of light and Re is the For a single lightning discharge, the
radius of earth. According to Eq. (1), E-field always has a maximum at the lo-
the first five resonance frequencies are cation of the flash, while the magnetic
10.6, 18.4, 26.0, 35.5 and 41.1 Hz. Even field (orthogonal to electric) has a mini-
Schumann made these assumptions and mum at the same locations, regardless of
arrived at the expected SR first mode of the mode. This feature follows from the
10 Hz. The Schumann resonances (SR) conservation law of the total electromag-
are a set of spectrum peaks in the ex- netic power which is equally distributed
tremely low frequency (ELF) portion of in the cavity, so that a maximum in one
the Earth’s electromagnetic field spec- field occurs at the minimum of the other
trum. Schumann resonances are global field [7]. The resulting fields are shown
electromagnetic resonances, excited in fig. 7 for the first three SR modes.

F i g. 7. Electric and magnetic fields of the first three SR modes. White shading
implies field maximum, while black shading implies field minimum [7]

The ionosphere is not a perfectly the first seven SR vibrations. The basis,
conducting medium and energy losses or fundamental, for these resonances
due to its finite conductivity reduce the is 7.83  Hz (cycles per second), which is
resonance frequencies to 7.8, 14.1, 20.3, a standing wave in the cavity between the
26.3 and 32.5 Hz [3–5]. Fig. 8 shows ionosphere and Earth [9].

F i g. 8. The fundamental SR [9]

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Vol. 27, no. 4. 2017 Mordovia University Bulletin

Because this rhythmic pattern lies within Schumann Resonance-Connection of

the human brainwave range, various authors man with Nature
have speculated that this aspect of the Earth’s Schumann discovered that this elec-
electromagnetic field may act as a kind of tromagnetic field oscillates at a resonant
global mind, with the capacity to organize frequency of 7 to 10 beats per second.
and influence human consciousness. While The highest-intensity waves of the Schu-
such speculations may seem farfetched, there mann Resonance occur at a frequency of
is a growing body of scientific evidence sug- 7.83 Hz. This is the Earth’s “heartbeat”.
gesting that: The Earth’s magnetic field may How interesting it is that this frequency
influence and mediate psychic phenomena. is identical to the optimal functioning of
The 7.83 Hz rhythmic pattern (varying from the human brain waves (fig. 9). All things
7 to 8 Hz) plays a significant role in psychic in this world have their own natural fre-
phenomena, DNA formation and physical quency which they are most comfortable
and mental health in humans [9] with [11].

F i g. 9. SR occurs at a frequency identical to the

optimal functioning of the human brain wave [11]

When something is subjected to structed, is weak, and may even be miss-

an external force, that object wants to ing. This impairs the wellbeing of every
resonate at its specific frequency (the living creature in that region (people, ani-
frequency that is natural to the object). mals, and vegetation). It is said that the
This phenomenon manifests throughout absence of the Schuman resonance will
the universe. This natural frequency of make living things ill. Although popu-
a body is known as its “Resonant” fre- lar literature suggests that the Schumann
quency and the phenomenon is known as Resonance value is rising and has jumped
“Resonance”. Humans also have many from 7.83 Hz to 11 Hz over the past few
such resonances due to complex cell years, research done at the Northern Cal-
makeup of our bodies [11]. ifornia Earthquake Data Center proves
However, recently unnatural radio that the frequency has been and continues
waves and electromagnetic waves have to be stable at the 7.8 Hz range. It can
been disturbing the Earth’s frequency of be said that the problem is due to all the
7.83 Hz. In industrial regions and cities, man-made interference, it is getting hard-
this natural field is being disturbed, ob- er to accurately measure this signal, since

Physics and mathematics 483

 ВЕСТНИК МОРДОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Том 27, № 4. 2017

it can be obscured by electrical noise pol- This is a very important fact that binds us
lution [11]. to the Earth. It is a natural occurrence.
Since life began, the Earth has been This electromagnetic field has al-
surrounding all living things with this nat- ways been there right from the moment
ural vibration. These naturally occurring of creation. The resonance is essential
Schumann Waves are an essential ingre- to the proper functioning of the human
dient of all biological life on Earth. Re- brain. All life has evolved with it, and is
search seems to suggest that our biological meant to live in harmony with it. From
system is “tuned” into the Schumann Fre- the basics of “Tuning Fork”. If you have
quency of our planet [6]. Scientists have two tuning forks, when one tuning fork
confirmed that these Vibrations are not is struck, the other one will also vibrate
only an essential ingredient of life, they at the same frequency. This is due to
in fact have shaped our life, and thru the wave motion resonance. Now think of
eons of time have determined the frequen- the Earth as one tuning fork constantly
cy spectrum of the human brain. That is to vibrating, and yourself as the other one
say, the frequencies of these naturally oc- receiving the resonances (fig. 10). When
curring signals in the atmosphere have de- the Earth is vibrating, it induces a simi-
termined the “evolution” and development lar vibration in all of us which promotes
of the frequencies of the human brain [6]. well-being [11].

F i g. 10. When the Earth is vibrating, it induces a similar vibration in all

(people, animals, and vegetation), which promotes well-being [11]

Results sults in the journal “Technische Physik”,

Schumann Resonance Research Dr H. König, a physician, who became
Researchers have established a sci- Schumann’s successor at Munich Univer-
entific fact that Schumann Resonance sity, demonstrated a correlation between
is not merely a phenomenon caused by Schumann Resonances and brain rhythms
lightning in the atmosphere, but a very and found that the main frequency pro-
important electromagnetic standing wave, duced by Schumann oscillations is very
acting as background frequency and in- close to the frequency of alpha rhythms.
fluencing biological oscillators within Dr König carried out further measure-
the mammalian brain. At the time when ments of Schumann Resonance and even-
Schumann published his research re- tually arrived at a frequency of exactly
484 Физико-математические науки
Vol. 27, no. 4. 2017 Mordovia University Bulletin

7.83 Hz, which is even more interesting, Hopefully, we can learn to understand
as this frequency is one which applies to both our emergence from an essentially
mammals. For instance, septal driving of electromagnetic environment and facili-
the hippocampal rhythm in rats has been tate our potential for healing, growth and
found to have a minimum threshold at non-local communication”[13].
7.7 Hz [12; 14]. In DNA Formation: Dr. L. Montag-
Although Schumann Resonance nier conducted an experiment in which
could easily be confirmed by measure- he filled two test tubes with pure water
ments at the time of its discovery, it is and placed piece of heavily diluted bac-
no longer so obvious due to our atmos- terial DNA into one of the test tubes.
phere being filled with manmade radia- After surrounding both test tubes with
tion noise at different frequencies. This is a weak electromagnetic field pulsing at
almost drowning out the natural signals – 7 Hz for 18 hours, DNA was detectable
signals that have been there through in the glass that originally had nothing in
a eons of evolution. It is possible that it but water. It would appear that the 7 Hz
these signals act like a natural tuning played a substantial role in extracting the
fork, not just for the biological oscillators DNA information from the one test tube
of the brain, but for all processes of life. and communicating it into the other test
With the advent of new wireless tech- tube [13].
nology, in particular microwaves pulsed In Psychic Communication Phenom-
at frequencies close to Schumann Reso- ena: Dr. M. Persinger has conducted
nance as in mobile telephony, another research in which two people in sepa-
threat is emerging. We may be creating rate rooms were presented with identi-
an environment that is literally `out of cal magnetic fields at approximately
tune’ with Nature itself. And it is at this 7 Hz. When one of these individuals drew
point that there is an urgent need to un- a picture, the other person could roughly
derstand how everything alive responds approximate that drawing, even though
to the most subtle changes in magnetic they were in separate rooms). Further re-
and electromagnetic fields surrounding search has shown a strong correlation be-
us. For instance, we need to examine the tween geomagnetic activity and psychic
possible interaction between magnetite phenomena [13].
crystals within cells and manmade mag- However, recent collected data
netic fields in the environment. brought an evidence suggests that the
In Brainwave Evolution: L. B. Hains- proliferation of manmade electromag-
worth has hypothesized that the electromag- netic fields has given rise to a kind of
netic frequencies in the Earth-ionisphere electromagnetic chaos that now seems to
cavity have played a governing role in be affecting the fundamental Schumann
the evolution of human and mammalian Resonance, effectively raising it and add-
brainwave patterns, particularly the Al- ing to the chaos experienced by living
pha pattern which the Schumann Reso- systems. If this is the case, it would sug-
nance falls within. Commenting on the gest that (1) Integrating the fundamental
unique correlations of Alpha brainwave Schumann Resonance in human living
activity and its relationship to the Earth- environments would be beneficial in es-
ionispheric cavity resonance, Hainsworth tablishing optimal physical and psycho-
has said, “As human beings we have logical health; and (2) With the continu-
extraordinary potentials we have hardly ing rise of electromagnetic technology,
begun to study, much less understand. the future health of all living systems
Creative gifts, intuitions and talents that seems to necessitate the emergence of
are unpredictable or emergent may be- an organic technology that can decrease
come stabilized in generations to come. and/or completely reverse the detrimental
Physics and mathematics 485
 ВЕСТНИК МОРДОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Том 27, № 4. 2017

effects of synthetic electromagnetic tech- communications with submarines. How-

nology [13]. ever, due to the extremely long wave-
However, there is a great need for lengths at ELF, such transmitters need
independent research into the bio-com- to be huge (> 200 km length), with huge
patibility between natural and manmade power outputs due to very low efficien-
signals. By linking together the potential cies of these transmitters [15].
importance of Schumann Resonance and Electromagnetic Field Frequency
the dangers posed by manmade pulsed Memory in Water
frequencies, it will become apparent that There is sufficient evidence that wa-
unless we find a way to use bio-compat- ter exposed to electromagnetic (EM) field
ible signals to power new technology, undergoes structural changes and the wa-
we may expose all life to dangers previ- ter remembers the field memory for ex-
ously not encountered. We may have to tended period of time as discovered by
pay a high price for this shortsightedness. some eminent Scientists. Electromagnet-
Serious attention must now be paid to ic radiation can be trapped within water
the possible biological role of standing molecules in much the same way as elec-
waves in the atmosphere, so that we do tric fields are trapped and stored within
not overlook the importance of oscil- the dielectric placed between the two
lations in nature that may be central to metal plates of a capacitor and treated
consciousness and life itself [14]. water with electromagnetic radiation ex-
In Communications, when we con- hibits some memory characteristics [16].
sider that the ionosphere surrounding Water consists 70 % of human body.
our planet is electrically positive charged Water reaches every tissue of human body
whilst the earth’s surface carries a nega- within 30 minutes after drinking. It even
tive charge, we must conclude that this flows through blood brain barrier and has
amounts to a prevailing electrical tension almost no side effect. If water itself could
within the earth/ionosphere cavity. This work as a radical scavenger, it would be
tension is discharged when thunderstorms an ideal antioxidant. It was revealed that
develop in this cavity. The inside of the every matter has its accompanying wave.
ionosphere layer is used in wireless infor- The wave part of the matter contains In-
mation transfer to bounce off radio waves formation (called information wave), and
emitted by transmitters on the earth’s sur- can be transferred to water physically by
face. In this way the information can be shaking or tapping, and thus serially di-
transferred over large distances. luted water have been used to stimulate
Following Schuman’s landmark pa- natural healing power in traditional ho-
per in 1952, there was an increasing inter- meopathy. This way of transferring the
est in SR in a wide variety of fields. Due wave part of the mater to water has been
to the low attenuation of ELF waves in the already demonstrated by Benveniste and
SR band (~0.5 dB/Mm) it was discovered researchers [17].
that not only lightning can produce SR, A new electronic device was devel-
but any large explosion in the atmosphere oped which could replace time-consum-
will also induce SR transients. Hence, un- ing homeopathy to activate water. The
til the ban of atmospheric nuclear explo- device uses 7.8Hz frequency as a carrier
sions in the 1960s, there was great interest which is the resonance frequency of the
in using the SR to monitor nuclear explo- Earth. Using the device information wave
sions in remote parts of the globe. An- of hormones and other cytokines could
other application of ELF waves related be transferred to water and even to other
to the SR, due to the low attenuations of medium like ceramic balls. Information
the ELF waves, was the man-made trans- wave of the hormone or cytokine trans-
mission of these waves for long range ferred to ceramic balls could be passed
486 Физико-математические науки
Vol. 27, no. 4. 2017 Mordovia University Bulletin

to water indirectly by contacting water. a resonance phenomenon which is de-

Such water containing information wave pendent on excitation by very low fre-
of the matter functioned like hormone for quency electromagnetic waves, usually
human [17]. provided by the ambient background. In
The human brain is a biological organ agreement with recently obtained evi-
and has developed over hundreds of mil- dence that some specific DNA sequences
lions of years in the environment that has can be transmitted through waves in wa-
contained in the Schumann Resonance ter. This raises the interesting possibility
signal for over 3 billion years. On one that living structures are able to commu-
hand it is soft, flexible and adaptive, but nicate through waves [20].
is relatively stable and coherent with well For such theoretical considerations,
developed. there are already medical applications of
Intelligence. In order to retain intel- the phenomenon: In the blood of patients
ligent thinking in a soft and adaptive suffering of chronic diseases, electromag-
organ there needs to be a constant, glob- netic signatures of DNA from infectious
ally available, synchronization system that microorganisms remaining in a latent state
continuously stabilizes the brain wave can be detected. In the case of HIV/AIDS,
activity. Rapid intelligence and reactions the DNA signature appears after antiretro-
requires an electromagnetic signaling sys- viral therapy, revealing a niche of the virus
tem, supported by a biochemical system. resistant to this treatment [20].
The Schumann Resonance signal provides Discussion and Conclusions
a brain frequency range matching electro- Schumann (global) electromagnetic
magnetic signal, providing the synchroni- resonances in the cavity Earth – iono-
zation needed for intelligence [18]. sphere play a critical role in all biological
New scientific research resulted in evolutionary processes. However, there
that humans can get into resonance with is a great need for independent research
the earth and with other organisms via into the bio-compatibility between natu-
their different body-own electromagnet- ral and manmade signals. Serious atten-
ic fields. Therefore, the electromagnetic tion must now be paid to the possible
waves produced by the human brain are biological role of standing waves in the
the main field of interest. The investiga- atmosphere, so that we do not overlook
tion of the earth resonance frequencies, the importance of oscillations in nature
called Schumann waves is the key for the that may be central to consciousness and
new scientific realizations [19]. life itself. Being a global phenomenon,
It was suggested by L. Montagnier Schumann resonances have numerous ap-
that the association of DNA with water is plications in lightning research.
known since the deciphering of its dou- SR is one of the most promising tools
ble helical structure by X-Ray diffraction in a variety of fields related to lightning
in 1953. However the power of DNA for electromagnetics, earthquakes, and im-
organizing water seems to go far beyond pacts of extra-terrestrial disturbances on
the direct filling of water molecules with- the Earth-ionosphere cavity. SR can also
in the grooves of the double helix. It was provide a global geo-electric index for
stated by Luc that recently discovered some monitoring global climate change param-
DNA sequences – so far belonging to path- eters such as land surface temperature.
ogenic bacteria and viruses – are able to in- Since electromagnetic skin depth in
duce specific structures of Nano metric size Earth depends on frequency and con-
in water. When sufficiently diluted in water, ductivity, SR can be used as a tool for
these structures are emitting a spectrum of conductivity studies which is sensitive to
electromagnetic waves of low frequencies mineral composition, salinity, tempera-
(ranging from 1,000 to 3,000 Hz). This is ture, fluids, water, and melt, and for other
Physics and mathematics 487
 ВЕСТНИК МОРДОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА Том 27, № 4. 2017

suitable Earth targets. The discovery of bilities for the detection of similar phe-
Schumann resonances in the Earth’s ion- nomena at other planets and moons of the
osphere offers new remote sensing capa- solar system with ionospheres.

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Submitted 31.07.2017; revised 02.10.2017; published online 19.12.2017
488 Физико-математические науки
Vol. 27, no. 4. 2017 Mordovia University Bulletin
About the authors:
Amal Fathi Alrais, BSc. Student of Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Benghazi
(Benghazi, Libya), dr.sahamouda@gmail.com
Eman A. Alsslam Alfadeel, Graduate Student of Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University
of Benghazi (Benghazi, Libya), dr.sahamouda@gmail.com
Samir Ahmed Hamouda, professor of Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University
of Benghazi (Benghazi, Libya), Ph.D. (Physics), ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9958-0257,
dr.sahamouda@gmail.com

All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Поступила 31.07.2017; принята к публикации 02.10.2017; опубликована онлайн 19.12.2017

Об авторах:
Альраис Амаль Фатхи, студент физического отделения факультета естественных наук, Уни-
верситет Бенгази (Ливия, г. Бенгази), dr.sahamouda@gmail.com
Альфадель Эман А. Альсслам, аспирант физического отделения факультета естественных
наук Университета Бенгази (Ливия, г. Бенгази), dr.sahamouda@gmail.com
Хамуда Самир Ахмед, профессор кафедры физики, факультета естественных наук, Университет
Бенгази (Ливия, г. Бенгази), кандидат физических наук, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9958-
0257, dr.sahamouda@gmail.com

Все авторы прочитали и одобрили окончательный вариант рукописи.

Physics and mathematics 489