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  • Mohr Circle

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    Muammar Hawary
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    Mohr's circle is a geometric representation of stresses in 2D that allows for quick estimations and checks of stress analyses. It graphically depicts the normal and shear stresses on planes at various angles. To construct Mohr's circle, the normal and shear stresses from a given stress state are plotted as two points, and a circle is drawn through them. Rotating this line around the center of the circle shows the stresses on planes at different angles. The principal stresses and maximum shear stress can also be read directly from the circle.

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    Mohr's circle is a geometric representation of stresses in 2D that allows for quick estimations and checks of stress analyses. It graphically depicts the normal and shear stresses on planes at various angles. To construct Mohr's circle, the normal and shear stresses from a given stress state are plotted as two points, and a circle is drawn through them. Rotating this line around the center of the circle shows the stresses on planes at different angles. The principal stresses and maximum shear stress can also be read directly from the circle.

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    20 views6 pages

    Mohr Circle

    Uploaded by

    Muammar Hawary
    Mohr's circle is a geometric representation of stresses in 2D that allows for quick estimations and checks of stress analyses. It graphically depicts the normal and shear stresses on planes at various angles. To construct Mohr's circle, the normal and shear stresses from a given stress state are plotted as two points, and a circle is drawn through them. Rotating this line around the center of the circle shows the stresses on planes at different angles. The principal stresses and maximum shear stress can also be read directly from the circle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6

    Muammar Hawary

    1606904882
    Mohr’s Circle
    Mohr’s circle is a geometric representation of the 2-D transformation of stresses and is very
    useful to perform quick and efficient estimations, checks of more extensive work, and other such uses.
    Construction:
    Given the following state of stress:

    with the definition (by Mohr) of positive and negative shear:


    “Positive shear would cause a clockwise rotation of the infinitesimal
    element about the element center.”
    Thus, from the illustration above, σ12 is plotted negative on Mohr's circle, and σ21 is
    plotted positive on Mohr's circle.
     Begin the construction by doing the following:
    1. Plot σ11, - σ12 as point A

    2. Plot σ22, σ21 as point B


    3. Connect A and B
     Then complete the circle by doing Step 4:
    4. Draw a circle of diameter of the line AB about the point where the line AB
    crosses the horizontal axis (denote this as point C)

    Use of the construction:


    • To read off stresses for a rotated system:
    1. Note that the vertical axis is the shear stress axis and the horizontal axis is the
    extensional stress axis.
    2. Positive rotations are measured counter clockwise as referenced to the original system
    and thus to the line AB.

    3. Rotate line AB about point C by the angle 2θ where θ is the angle between the unrotated
    and rotated systems.
    4. The points D and E where the rotated line intersects the circle are used to read off the
    stresses in the rotated system. The vertical location of D is -σ12; the horizontal location

    of D is σ11. The vertical location of E is σ21, the horizontal location of E is σ22 (Recall
    Mohr definition with regard to negative/positive sense of shear stress on Mohr's circle).
     We can immediately see the following:
    5. The principal stresses, σI and σII, are defined by the points F and G (along
    the horizontal axis where σ12 = 0). The rotation angle to the principal axis
    is θp which is 1/2 the angle from the line AB to the horizontal line FG.
    6. The maximum shear stress is defined by the points H and H’ which are the
    endpoints of the vertical line. The line is orthogonal to the principal stress line
    and thus the maximum shear stress acts along a plane 45° (= 90°/2) from the
    principal stress system.
    Full two-dimensional stress transformation equations (θ as on p.3 figure):

    Note: θ is not the direction cosine angle in the tensor transformation relations,

    by convention, angle is measured positive counter clockwise (+ CCW).


    For the situation developed here for Mohr’s circle, the direction cosines are:

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