Materials Review Question

1. What is the sample for compressive strength determination of Structural Concrete?

Ans : concrete cylinder sample
2. What is the test to determine the consistency of the concrete?
Ans : Slump test
3. What is the required size of test specimen for G.I sheets?
Ans : 3pcs-60mm in 1 sht/100 sheets
4. What kind of paint that has a reflectance of beads?
Ans : Reflectorized Paint
5. What is that construction material has a properly of being a dark brown to black cementitious
materials in which the predominating substance is bitumen?
Ans : Asphalt
6. For how long or how many hours shall a bituminous prime coat be left undisturbed?
Ans : 24 hours
7. What is the rate of application of bituminous tack coat?
Ans : 0.20 – 0.70 L/Sq.m
8. What are the tests needed for the 2,650 cu.m Item 201 ( Aggregate Base Coures)?
Ans : CBR,Abrasion,GPCD
9. How many grading tests are required for a 3,200 cu.m selected borrow topping (Item 104)?
Ans : 3 grading Tests
10. As materials Engineer, What will you recommend if you find out that the materials to be used as
Item 200 is finer than the required materials?
Ans ; blend Item 200 with courser materials
11. What is the standard specification for LL and PI of Item 201?
Ans : Max. of 25% and Min. 6% respectively
12. What is the CBR requirement for Item 201?
Ans : 80% Minimum
13. What asphalt is used for sealing weaken plane joint concrete pavement?
Ans : Blown Asphalt
14. What is the machine used for abrasion test?
Ans : Los Angeles abrasion Machine
15. How to determined the compaction of Item 104,200 and 201?
Ans : by Field Density Test
16. What is Item 311 of the DPWH Specification ( Blue Book)?
Ans : Portland Cement Concrete Pavement
17. What is the formula in obtaining the value of PI?
Ans : Liquid Limit minus Plastic Limit
18. What are the other terms for sieve Analysis?
Ans : Grading Test, Particle Size Distribution Test, Mechanical Analysis
19. What is the degree of compaction of the soil if the wet density is 2,200 kg/cu.m, with an actual
moisture content of 10.2% and a maximum dry density of 1,950 kg/cu.m ?
Ans : 101.3%
20. How many cores shall be taken for one (1) kilometer Concrete Pavement?
Ans : 5 Holes/Km/lane
21. What is the moisture content of the soil having an original weight of 162.5 grams and oven-dried
weight 138.2 grams?
Ans ; 17.58%
22. If the group Index of the soil is high, what indication does it mean?
Ans ; the soil is clayey
23. As Material Engineer, How can you determine that the sample placed in the oven is already oven-
dried?
Ans ; if the sample reaches its constant weight
24. In the drying a sample for test, what temperature shall be maintained?
Ans ; 110+ 5°C
25. Why is that cooling an oven dried sample before weighing is advisable?
Ans ; because it can affect its weight
26. What is the difference between hydroscopic moisture content from natural moisture content?
Ans : Hydroscopic moisture content is the moisture content of an air-dried sample while
natural moisture content is the moisture content of the original sample from the field.

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27. An admixture is being introduced to the fresh concrete mixture for heavily reinforced concrete
structure using a pumpcrete to pump out the fresh concrete mix, what admixture should it be?
Ans : Superplasticizer
28. What asphalt is commonly known as hot asphalt or penetration grade asphalt?
Ans : Asphalt cement
29. What is the use of blown asphalt?
Ans : as joint filter and water proofing
30. How many days does the sample for Immersion-Compression Test be soaked in the water?
Ans: 4 days @ 50°C
31. If ductility test is for asphalt, ____________ is for cement?
Ans : Magnesium Oxide, Insoluble Residue, Loss on Ignition
32. Paint is composed of ________?
Ans : 35% Vehicle, 50% pigment, 15% beads
33. What is the size of tamping rod used in tamping concrete sample?
Ans : 16mm ø and 610 mm long with hemispherical tip
34. What is the temperature to be maintained when curing sample after its initial curing?
Ans : 23°C+1.7°C
35. Concrete Cylinders are cured and ready for test. Temperature between 63°F to 85°F are
permitted for a period not to exceed ______ hours immediately prior to test if free moisture is
maintained on the surface on the specimen at all times.
Ans : Three (3)
36. The molds of specimen not be transported shall be removed after initial curing of _______ hours
and should be cured to the standard curing temperature of 73.4° F + 3°F?
Ans : Twenty-Four (24)
37. High Plasticity index means _______ of the soil?
Ans : High degree of compressibility
38. Sample to be used for Liquid limit and Plastic limit tests should pass to what sieve?
Ans : No. 40 (0.425mm)
39. What is the material used for Bituminous Prim Coat?
Ans : Cut-Back Asphalt
40. In Item 303-application of cover aggregates shall be evenly spread over the surface at the rate of
approximately ______?
Ans : 0.004 to 0.007 m2/m2
41. Quality Control testing in the DPWH project is the responsibility of the _______?
Ans : Contractor
42. As Material Engineer, when is the right time to start sampling and testing aggregates?
Ans : Once the source is Identified
43. The minimum compressive strength for concrete Class”P” is 5000 Psi, what is the minimum
compressive strength for the concrete class “C”?
Ans : 3000 psi
44. The concrete has been tested for consistency by the use of the slump cone with base and tamping
rod. After the test, the height of the concrete measured 178mm. what is the slump of the
concrete?
Ans : 127 mm
45. If the design of concrete mix has the following corrected batch weight: cement = 40 kgs, fine
aggregates = 65 kgs, coarse aggregate = 115 kgs, water = 15 liters. What is your actual batch
weight for 1 cu.m class “ A “ concrete?
Ans : 360 kgs Cement, 585 kgs of Fine Aggregates, 1035 kgs of Coarse aggregate, 130 liters
water
46. After the soil has been tested in an Abrasion Machine, the mass % of wear compute is equal to
21%. If the Material is Item 201, does it pass the DPWH Specs?
Ans : Yes, because he specs is 50% maximum.
47. What is the maximum depth of roadway embankment per horizontal layer in loose
measurement?
Ans : 200 mm loose measurement
48. Why is it that 6 samples are needed for quality test of concrete masonry?
Ans : 3 samples for compressive strength and 3 samples for absorption
49. If the course aggregates like is to be placed in layers, how many layers should a 40 cm thick
Aggregate Base Course is placed?
Ans : three (3)

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50. Heavy Rain occur the night before prior to your scheduled field density test, are you going to
pursue your schedule? Why?
Ans : No, because the moisture content is high and can affect the result
51. Checking the gradation of composite aggregates and asphalt content asphalt mix can be done by
what test?
Ans : Extraction Test
52. What is the device used in the testing for Liquid Limit Test?
Ans : liquid limit device with grooving tool
53. What apparatus is used in plastic limit Test?
Ans : Glass Plate
54. How long does a vibrator be inserted in a concrete mix?
Ans : not to exceed 15 seconds at 50-60 cm interval
55. Along the slope of high embankment ________ is a provided as an erosion control measures and
also to improve the stability of the slope.
Ans : Berm
56. In soil and sub-surface explorations for flood control design of foundation condition, a soil
sample was taken for field and laboratory tests. The test required for soil was taken, except
Ans : Specific gravity, abrasion, water content, atterberge limits, gradation, compaction,
relative density
57. Structure Crossing above such covered underground drainage conduit shall be laid at least
______ above the top of the conduit.
Ans : 1.0 m, 0.5 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m
58. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 15 kgs to a maximum 25 kgs with at least 50% of the
stones weighing more than 20 kgs.
Ans : Class “ A”
59. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 30 kgs to a maximum 70 kgs with at least 50% of the
stones weighing more than 50 kgs.
Ans : Class “ B”
60. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 60 kgs to a maximum 100 kgs with at least 50% of the
stones weighing more than 80 kgs.
Ans : Class “ C”
61. Class of stones for riprap ranging from 100 kgs to a maximum 200 kgs with at least 50% of the
stones weighing more than 1500 kgs.
Ans : Class “ D”
62. The Maximum size of stone for stone Masonry.
Ans : 150 mm
63. The Maximum size of aggregates for Item 300.
Ans : 1 inch
64. Required Maximum liquid limit for Item 300.
Ans : 35%
65. Required plasticity Index range on Item 300.
Ans ; 4% to 9 %
66. Range of sand size.
Ans : 2.00 mm to .005 mm ø
67. The ratio of the volume of voids to volume of solids.
Ans : Void Ratio
68. The Ratio of the weight of water to the weigh of solids.
Ans : Moisture Content
69. Significant of grading test are, except
Ans : Gives particle size distribution, measures permeability, capillarity, measures the
potential cohesion of soil.
70. Properties of concrete are, except
Ans ; workability, strength, durability, Cracking
71. In roadway construction test on sub-grade, the following will determine the economical
thickness, except.
Ans : Embankment, base, surfacing, sub-base
72. The relative consistency of a cohesive soil in natural state.
Ans : Liquidity Index
73. In a Atterberg limit, the following are determined, except
Ans : Shrinkage limit, liquid limit, plastic limit, Group Index

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74. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for slabs.
Ans : 14 days (Minimum % of design strength-70 %)
75. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for centering under girders, beam, frames
and arches.
Ans : 14 days (Minimum % of design strength -80%)
76. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for walls.
Ans : 1 day (Minimum % of design strength -70%)
77. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for colunms.
Ans : 2 days (Minimum % of design strength -70%)
78. Minimum time for removal of forms and false works for side of beams and all other vertical
surfaces.
Ans : 1 day (Minimum % of design strength -70%)
79. A mass of the solid reinforced concrete cast around the head of a group of piles to ensure that
acts as a unit to support the imposed load.
Ans : Pile Cap
80. An embankment shall can be compacted layer by layer.
Ans : 150 mm
81. Class of concrete deposited in water.
Ans : class seal
82. Class of the concrete used in all superstructures and heavily reinforced substructures. The
important parts of the structure included are slabs, beams, girders, columns, arch ribs, box
culverts, reinforced abutments, retaining walls, and reinforced footings
Ans : Class A
83. Class of concrete used in footings, pedestal, massive piershalt, pipe bedding and gravity walls,
unreinforced or w/ only a small amount of reinforcement.
Ans : Class B
84. Class of concrete used in thin reinforced sections, railings, pre-cast piles, cribbing, and for filter
in steel grid floors.
Ans : Class C
85. Class of concrete used in pre- stressed concrete structures and members.
Ans : Class P
86. Height of dropping concrete to the points of deposit
Ans : 1.50 m
87. Reflectorized Thermoplastic Pavement Markings
Ans : Item 612
88. Permitted variation from the design thickness of the layer for Item 300.
Ans : + 15 mm and -5 mm
89. Item 310 shall have a mass percent of air voids with the range of __________ ?
Ans : 3% to 5%
90. Dowel bars for PCCP shall be _______.
Ans : Plain Bars
91. Item 202 shall have a minimum soaked CBR value of _____.
Ans : 80 %
92. Permitted variation from design thickness of layer for Item 201.
Ans : + 10 mm
93. If slag is used as course aggregate for Item 311, the minimum density is ____.
Ans : 1,120 kg/m3
94. Minimum price allowed of the contract for deficiency in the strength of concrete specimens for
PCCP which 10% to less than 15%
Ans : 70 %
95. This joint is also called cold joint. It is constructed when there is an interruption of 30 minutes in
the concreting operation.
Ans : Transverse Construction Joints
96. Minimum Variation of the surface from the testing edge of nthe straight between contacts with
the surface in Item 310.
Ans : 6.0 mm
97. Slump test of concrete determines, except
Ans : Workability, Fluidity, consistency, job density

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98. The significance of liquid limit are the following, except
Ans : measure the shearing resistance of soil, measure the potential cohesion of soil, fineness
and shape of grain, atterberge Limits
99. In soil classification 35% or less passing No. 200 sieve are the ff., except
Ans : A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4
100.To evaluate the performance quality of a soil as a highly sub-grade material.
Ans : Group Index
101.If the paving of concrete pavement will be done at the rate 200 ln.m half width per paving day,
how many sets of concrete beam samples shall be required. Given: A=115,000 sq.m, thickness =
230mm.
Ans : 353 sets
102.The required liquid limit for selected borrow toppings
Ans : 30%
103.The maximum plastic limit for selected borrow toppings
Ans : 6%
104.Soil is considered unsuitable when the material density is
Ans : 800 kg/cu.m or lower
105.The plasticity Index is determined in accordance with
Ans : AASHTO T90
106.The liquid limit is determined in accordance with
Ans : AASHTO T89
107.The required compaction of embankment, layer by layer.
Ans : 95%
108.The minimum compaction trial of embankment.
Ans : 10 meter wide by 50 meter long
109.Maximum plasticity Index for Item 200.
Ans : 12%
110. Maximum liquid limit for Item 200.
Ans : 35%
111. Maximum size of grading requirement for Item 200.
Ans : 2 inches
112. Los Angeles Abrasion Test for aggregate Sub-base course is determined with
Ans : AASHTO T96
113. The required abrasion loss for Item 200.
Ans : 50%
114. The minimum CBR required for Item 200.
Ans : 25%
115. The required soaked CBR for aggregate sub-base course is determined by
Ans : AASHTO T191
116. In same areas where the conventional base course materials are scare or non-available, the use
allowable percent weathered limestone (anapog) blended with crushed stones or gravel.
Ans : 40% (60%- crushed stones or gravel)
117. Maximum size of aggregate for base course material under grading B
Ans : 1.5 inches
118. Maximum required percent abrasion loss for Item 202.
Ans : 45%
119. Maximum required mass percent shall have at least one (1) fractured face of Item 202.
Ans : 50%
120.Minimum required soaked CBR for Item 202.
Ans : 80%
121.Maximum size of aggregate for Item 201 under grading A.
Ans: 2 inches
122.Maximum size of aggregate for Item 202 under grading A.
Ans: 1.5 inches
123.Maximum size of aggregate for Item 202 under grading B.
Ans: 1 inch
124.This Item consists of foundation for surface course composed of soil aggregate, lime, water in
proper proportion, road- mixed and constructed on a prepared subgrade/subbase.
Ans : lime stabilized Road Mix Base Course (Item 203)

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125.The required plasticity index for Item 203
Ans : 4% to 10%
126.Maximum required mass percent of wear for the aggregate on Item 203.
Ans : 50%
127.Maximum size of aggregate for Item 203 under grading A & B
Ans : 2 inches
128.Item number for water?
Ans : Item 714
129.In Item 203, how much is the required mass percent of lime to be added to the soil aggregate?
Ans : 3% to 12%
130.Minimum soaked CBR for Item 203
Ans : 100%
131.Required percent compaction for Item 203?
Ans : 100%
132.Equipment to be used for initial rolling
Ans : pneumatic tire roller
133.Equipment to be used for final rolling
Ans : Wheel-tandem type steel wheel roller
134.It is a manually-operated device for deriving a measurement of roughness from the surface
profile which may be expressed in terms of international Roughness Index.
Ans : Merlin Road Roughness Measuring Device
135.In the construction of bridge projects, what is the method used to determine the casting length of
the regular piles?
Ans : Test Pilling
136.It is an equipment which is used to measure differential deflection between joints of a concrete
pavement, to determine the modulus of the existing slabs for use in the design of an overlay, and
to determine the remaining life of existing of pavement.
Ans : Falling Weight Decflectometer
137.what is the equipment used to pinpoint rebars, conduits, pipes, nails, and other metal embedded
in concrete before cutting or drilling
Ans : Rebar Locator
138.Soil stabilized agent
Ans : Lime - for silty and clayey soil
Cement – for sandy soil
139.Water content at which soil passes from plastic to liquid state.
` Ans : Liquid limit
140.Water content at which soil passes from semi-solid plastic state.
Ans : Plastic Limit
141.Water content at which soil passes from solid to semi-solid.
Ans : Shrinkage Limit
142.Steel bars placed along longitudinal joints to hold the adjoining slabs together are called ______.
Ans : Tie Bars
143.The concrete pavement surface shows high spots of 15mm in 3-m straight edge. The concrete in
the area represented by these high spots _____.
Ans : Shall be removed and replaced ( but if high spots being noted exceed 3mm but not
exceeding 12mm, it shall be ground down only)
144.What is depth of the thermometer inserted in the bituminous mixture?
Ans : 2 inches
145.In the design of bituminous mix, the design criteria for stability under the Marshall Stability
Method for heavy traffic is _________?
Ans : 1800 lbs
146.The stability criteria of the Marshall Stability Method is the maximum load resistance that a
specimen will develop at _______.
Ans : 60%
147.Bituminous mix specimens are compacted at how many blows at each end for heavy traffic
design under the Marshall Stability Method?
Ans : 75 Blows
148.In a penetration test, if the penetration is 9, what is the grade of the asphalt?
Ans : 85-100

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149.In case of scarcity or non-availability of Type I Portland Cement, What type of pozzalan shall be
used?
Ans : Portland Pozzalan Cement Type 1P
150.The required Slump of concrete using slip-form method of paving is ________
Ans : 1.5 inches
151.Deficeincy in the strength of concrete specimen wherein no payment of contract price allowed is
___|__.
Ans : 25% or more
152.What is the length of a lot of pavement when a single traffic lane is poured.
Ans : 1,000 ln.m
153.What is the required size of concrete beam sample?
Ans : 150mm x 150mm x 525mm
154.What is the length of a lot pavement when two lanes are poured concurrently?
Ans : 500 ln.m
155.What is the required compressive strength that concrete piles be moved?
Ans : 80% of the designed 28-days compressive strength
156.The required circular pin diameter used to bend 10-20mm ø reinforcing steel.
Ans : 6d (20mm – 25mm ø = 8d: 28mm ø and above=10d)

157.What mixing speed of the transit mixer during batching.

Ans : 4 to 6 rpm
158.What is the slump of concrete Class A deposited in the water?
Ans : 10-20 cm
159.Job mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 200 sieve.
Ans : +2
160.Job mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 8 to No. 100 (inclusive)
Ans : +4
161.Job mix tolerance in Item 310 for grading, passing No. 4 and larger sieve
Ans : +7
162.What is the required Index of Retained Strength of Item 310 when tested by ASSHTO T65
Ans : 70% Minimum
163.What is the minimum dry compressive of Item 310 ?
Ans : 1.40 MPa
164.What is the rate of the application of bituminous seal coat using cut-back asphalt.
Ans : 1.5 to 3.0 lit/ m²
165.What is the rate of application of bituminous seal coat using asphalt cement?
Ans : 0.90 to 1.8 lit/m²
166.This Item shall consist of preparing and bearing an existing bituminous or cement concrete
surface with bituminous materials preparatory to the construction of bituminous surface course.
Ans : Tack Coat
167.Minimum thickness measured perpendicular to the slope using Class D stones for riprap.
Ans : 800mm ( class A-300mm ; class B-500mm ; class C-600mm)
168.In batching concrete mix, the accuracy of cement content shall be ______.
Ans : + 1.0 mass %
169.In core specimen asphalt mix thickness determination, it shall have a diameter at least ______
Ans : 100 mm
170.The required speed in rolling in Item 310.
Ans : 5 kph
171.What is the required temperature in the mixture for Item 310.
Ans: 107°C
172.What Item No. is Bituminous Surface Treatment?
Ans : Item 304
173.What is the required tolerance for bituminous material in job-mix formula for Item 310?
Ans : + 0.4%
174.This Item shall consist of preparing and treating an aggregate base course preparatory to the
construction of a bituminous surface course.
Ans : Prime Coat
175.The properly of asphalt mix to resist deformation from imposed load
Ans : Stability

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176.The properly of asphalt mix to withstand repeated flexing caused by the passage of wheel loads.
Ans : fatigue resistance
177.The properly of asphalt mix to resist the detrimental effects of air, water, temperature and traffic.
Ans : durability
178.The property of asphalt mix bend slightly without cracking and to conform to gradual
settlements and moments of the base and sub-grade.
Ans : Flexibility
179.The range of aggregate composition of Item 310
Ans : 92% to 95%
180.What is the test asphalt in order to determine the effect of water on the cohesion of the mix?
Ans : Immersion- Compression Test
181.To determine the thickness ______ of the asphalt, Immersion-Compression Test is performed.
Ans : stability
182.Percent air voids will ______ as percent asphalt increase in marshall stability.
Ans : decreased
183.to determine the temperature of delivered asphalt mix, what is used?
Ans : armored thermometer
184.Peak and Muck soils are considered as :
Ans : Highly organic soils
185.why is it that a trial section is conducted in sub-base or base course construction?
Ans : to the suitability of materials, efficiency of the equipment used and the construction
method.
186.What does it means when there is bleeding in a newly paved asphalt road?
Ans : excessive asphalt content
187.In testing concrete cylinder sample, the applied load should be continuous without shock at a
constant rate within the range of ______.
Ans : 20-50 psi /second (compression) ; 125-175 psi (flexural)
188.It is a process of improving the properties of soil to make it more suitable for a particular
purpose.
Ans : Stabilization
189.If no beam sample taken to determine the strength of concrete pavement, is it allowed in DPWH
specs. To use core samples to determine the strength.
Ans : yes, 3,500 psi @ 14 days
190.Tack coat must be at what condition prior to the application of asphalt mix?
Ans : Tacky
191.The use of sea water in reinforced concrete may _______
Ans : induce risk of corrosion in reinforcing steel
192.Sub-grade having a CBR value of 2% or less is considered ______
Ans : weak subgrade
193.Sub-grade having a CBR value of 15% or more is considered ______
Ans : very stable
194.Sub-grade other than those defined in the two above categories is considered _____
Ans : normal
195.what are the three (3) major group of soil?
Ans : granular soil, fine grained soil, organic soil
196.What is the significance of field density test?
Ans : to determine the degree of compaction of soil, it is also a control test in embankment
construction to ensure adequate compaction.
197.What is particle size analysis?
Ans : It is the determination of particle size distribution in soil by sieve, hydrometer or a
combined analysis
198.What is the required particle size for selected borrow for toppings under item 104.
Ans : all particle size will pass sieve 75mm or 3” openings and not more than 15 mass % will
pass 0.075mm.(ASSHTO T11)
199.What is Specific gravity?
Ans : It is used in a gravimetric-volumetric relationship in soil (or defined as the ratio of the
wt. in the air of an equal volume of water of a stated temperature)

200.How many hours does a fine aggregate tested for specific gravity and absorption be soaked in
water?

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 Ans : 15 to 19 hours
201.How to determine if the fine aggregate reaches the saturated dry condition.
Ans : It is determined by the use of cone test for surface moisture. If the molded shape of line
aggregate slump slightly, it indicates that it has reached surface dry condition.
202.What is the significance of testing reinforcement steel bars?
Ans : To determine the yield and tensile strength of the bar as well as its elongation and is
used to classify the bars into grade.
203.What is the significance of bending test for RSB?
Ans : To evaluate the ductile properties of RSB
204.What is required testing requirement for paints?
Ans : 1 can ( gal or pail/ 100 cans(gal or pail)
205.How many concrete cylinder sample is required for 300 pcs RCCP
Ans : 12 sets
206.If the concrete cylinder is not available for a 300 pcs RCCP, How many pipes shall be subjected
to test?
Ans : 5 pcs
207.In placing concrete, the required temperature should be less than _____
Ans : 29°C
208.Rolling of bituminous mix shall be discontinued whenever it begins to produce excessive _____or
_____
Ans : pulverizing of the aggregates, displacement of the mixture.
209.Soft and unsuitable soils were encountered during the course of subgrade preparation. If you
were ME assigned to the project, what is the most effective and cheaper method that you would
recommend to stabilize the soil prior to the construction of the subbase course.
Ans : Geotextile
210.During the application of the first half of the anticipated load a ______ rate of loading shall be
permitted?
Ans : Higher
211. If there is a necessity to add water to the concrete mix in order to increase its workability
(provided concrete does not exceed specified slump), how many minutes after the initial time of
mixing does adding water be permitted?
Ans : not exceeding 45 minutes and that water- cement ratio is not exceeded.
212.What are two(2) types of bitumen that are commonly used in the bituminous mixture?
Ans : TAR = is a viscous liquid obtained from the distillation of coat or wood
PETROLEUM ASPHALT = are the products of the distillation of crude oil.
213.What are the three (3) major petroleum asphalts?
Ans : Asphalt cement, cut-back asphalt, emulsified asphalt
214.What are the solvents of cut-back asphalts?
Ans : GASOLINE = for rapid curing type
KEROSINE = for medium curing type
DIESEL = for slow curing type
215.Emulsified asphalt are either _____ and _______
Ans : CATIONIC EMULSION = works better with wet aggregate and in cold weather, it is
positively charge electron.
ANIONIC EMULSION = Adhers better to aggregate which have positive charge. It is
a negative charge electron.
216. What is the Bituminous materials used in Item 310?
Ans : asphalt cement
217. What greatly affects the service of the asphalt?
Ans : grade and quantity of asphalt
218. The requisites in transporting sample of the laboratory is ______
Ans : Well packed in durable container to avoid damages in transit, accompanied by a sample
card filled up in detail and duly signed by the ME.
219.The mineral filler which is the used in the bituminous mix is passing sieve?
Ans : No.200
220. Cold mix asphalt is used in _____
Ans : pothole patching

221. VMA means

Ans : Voids in Mineral Aggregates

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222. The compaction temperature in molding the bituminous mixture specimen
Ans : 124°C
223. The mixing temperature of bituminous mix is
Ans : 163°C
224. The heating temperature of bituminous mix is
Ans : 121°C – 188°C
225. A type of coring bit used in lock coring
Ans : diamond bit
226. It is dynamic test used in the field to obtain rapid empirical results which can be used to estimate
shear strength and bearing capacity.
Ans : Standard Penetration Test
227. A tube sampler is the used in sampling disturbed sample.
Ans : Split spoon sampler
228. Used in sealing undisturbed sample
Ans : wax
229. A tube sampler is used in sampling undisturbed sample
Ans : Shelby tube
230. The maximum moisture content of CHB
Ans : 45%
231. The maximum absorption content of CHB
Ans : 240 kg/m³
232. The heating temperature of aggregate range from
Ans : 177°C -191°C
233. The specific gravity of asphalt ranges from
Ans : 1.01 – 1.04
234. The allowable % variation in mass of deformed reinforcing steel is
Ans : 6% maximum under nominal stress
235.The maximum allowable % phosphorous content of a deformed and plain billet steel bar is
Ans : 0.06%
236. Tensile and yield strengths of steel bars?
Ans : Tensile strength Yield Point
Grade 40 483 Mpa 276 Mpa
Grade 60 621 Mpa 414 Mpa
Grade 75 689 Mpa 517 Mpa
237. Plasticity index is an indication of percent
Ans : clay content
238. The condition of the soil to be tested in the laboratory compaction test is
Ans : Air–dried condition
239. The method in the determination of density of soil in- place
Ans : Sand Cone Method
240. Air-dry sand used in the density apparatus is passing
Ans : Sieve No. 10 retained No. 200
241. In abrasion test, the abrasive charge shall consist of cast-iron or steel spheres
Ans : Grading A – 12 spheres
Grading B – 11 spheres
Grading C – 8 spheres
Grading D – 6 spheres
242. In trucking mixing, the minimum number of revolutions after all ingredient including water in
the drum is
Ans : 100 rpm
243. A maximum time of ____ shall be permitted for wet mixing, lay down and finishing when this
method is used (Item206)
Ans : 2 hours
244. Traffic shall be prohibited from traveling at the speeds in excess of ___ until the asphalt material
has set
Ans : 40 kph
245. Mortar shall be used within ______ after its preparation
Ans : 90 minutes

246. In placing concrete for slab, using buggies, the correct method that should be followed is
Ans : concrete should be dump into the face of the previously placed concrete.

10
247. There is a failure of flexural strength in the pavement, if you are the ME of your firm, what will
you recommend?
Ans : conduct re-coring
248. When loads have been arriving at the spreader with the material peaked or doomed up and a
load suddenly appears in which the material lies flat, it indicates
Ans : Excessive Asphalt
249. Where and when was the first use of Portland Cement?
Ans : BELTALONTAINE, OHIO (1893)
250. The curve in the logarithmic scale where the 25th blow is projected in order to determine the
liquid limit of the soil.
Ans : Flow curve
251. Percentage of wear represents the value of ______
Ans : Abrasion loss
252. In the design of concrete mix, what is the volume of water in the concrete mix that produces a
slump of 76.2 mm?
Ans : 24.7 liters
253. The standard fineness modulus of sand is about ______.
Ans : 2.75
254. The standard packaging weight of cement
Ans : 40 kg/bag
255. It is an impervious membrane applied to concrete pavement before its initial setting that
prevents rapid evaporation of water from the mix
Ans : curing compound
256. The type of paint that is used for zone marking, traffic lane and parking spaces which is rapid
drying, resistant to abrasion and weather condition an process improved visibility at night
Ans : reflectorized paint
257. An ingredient in the paint that gives reflection during night time.
Ans : glass beads
258. The paint which is used in concrete or masonry units
Ans : Latex
259. The average loss in weight of three specimens in zinc coating test
Ans : Single spot test
260. The type of paint that is used in wood surfaces. It is a special type of paint made with varnish as
the vehicle,
Ans : Enamel
261. good index is an empirical number ranging from 0 to 20 under average condition of good
drainage and adequate compaction. The supporting value of a material as subgrade may be
assumed as an inverse ratio to its group index, that is a group index of zero indicates
Ans : good subgrade materials
262. It determines the target density which is constructed at the beginning of the work on each course
of material to be compacted.
Ans : Control strips
263. The instrument used in placing concrete in water in a compacted mass in its final position.
Ans : tremie with 250mm ø
264. The maximum specific gravity of thermoplastic paint
Ans : 2.15
265. The softening point of a thermoplastic paint
Ans : 102.5°C
266. The maximum drying time of thermoplastic paint.
Ans : 10 minutes
267. The rate of application of traffic paint.
Ans : 0.33 lit/m²
268. The maximum drying time of traffic paint
Ans : 15-30 minutes
269. The minimum weight of sample for reflectorized paint
Ans : 10 kg

270. The apparatus used to measure the thickness or height of compacted bituminous paving mixture.
Ans : vernier caliper

11
271. It is used in calculating the unit weight of the mixture of the degree of compaction of the asphalt
pavement.
Ans : Bulk specific gravity of compacted bituminous mixture using saturated surface dry
specimen.
272. The solvent in the extraction of bitumen.
Ans : gasoline
273. The percent of bitumen is computed based on
Ans : mass of dry aggregate
274. The method used to determine the grading of aggregate extracted from bituminous mixture.
Ans : Mechanical analysis of extracted aggregates
275. A device used to determine the relative hardness of asphalt.
Ans : penetrometer
276. The measurement wherein the asphalt begins to melt.
Ans : Softening point
277. The Index of Retained Strength (IRS) is computed through the formula
Ans : (wet stability/dry stability) x 100%
278. The temperature requirement in initial rolling for Item 310.
Ans : 200°F to 225°F
279. What is the color of asphalt when it is overcooked?
Ans : yellowish brown
280. How many gradation ranges for Hot Plant Mix bituminous pavement are there in the blue book?
Ans : seven (7)
281. How many gradation ranges for Cold Plant Mix bituminous pavement are there in the blue
book?
Ans : two (2)
282. The cored sample of asphalt pavement is measured at
Ans : approximately quarter point
283. What is the plasticity index of mineral filler.
Ans : not greater than 4
284. The wearing away of pavement surface caused by dislodging of aggregate particle.
Ans : raveling
285. The interconnected cracked forming a series of small blocks resembling an alligator’s skin or
chicken wire.
Ans : Alligator crack
286. If the Coarse aggregate are subjected to five cycles of sodium sulfate soundness test, the
weighted loss shall not exceed
Ans : 10 mass %
287. If the Fine aggregate are subjected to five cycles of sodium sulfate soundness test, the weighted
loss shall not exceed
Ans : 12 mass %
288. Additives used in concrete mixing.
Ans : Admixture
289. The test that determines the resistance of aggregates to disintegration by saturated solutions of
sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate.
Ans : Soundness test
290. The design of concrete mix specified in the blue book is based on
Ans : Absolute Design Method
291. The initial setting time of Portland Cement is not less than
Ans : 45 minutes
292. The final setting time of Portland cement
Ans : 10 hours
293. The apparatus used to determine the fineness of Portland cement by air permeability
Ans : Blaine Air Permeability Apparatus
294. A mixture of cement and water is
Ans : Cement paste
295. The apparatus used to determine the initial & final setting of Portland cement in the laboratory.
Ans : Gilmore needle

296. The compressive strength of cement mortar sample in 7 days is

Ans ; 19.3 MPa

12
297.What is the appearance of the molded cement paste which fail to meet the autoclave.
Ans : crumbled
298. The critical number of days of curing of concrete
Ans : 7 days
299. It is equality as important as testing, and the sampler shall sue every precaution to obtain
samples that will show the nature and condition of the materials which they represent.
Ans : Sampling
300. A soil sample received from the field for subsequent tests by reducing aggregations of particle
into sizes which will pass certain sieves.
Ans : disturbed sample
301. A procedure to recover relatively undisturbed soil samples suitable laboratory test of structural
properties.
Ans : thin-walled tube sampling
302. The representative who will witness the testing of material in an accredited laboratory.
Ans : Government
303. The type of additive that is used to delay the setting of fresh concrete.
Ans : retarder
304. The type of additive that is used to attain maximum compressive strength of concrete
Ans : Accelerator
305. The best enemy of construction.
Ans : Water
306. The following are considered unsuitable materials :
Ans : Materials containing detrimental quantities of organic materials such as grass, roots and sewage
Highly organic material soil such peak and muck
Soils with LL exceeding 80% and /or PL exceeding 55%
Soils with a natural moisture content exceeding 100%
Soils with very low natural density, 800 kg/m³
Soils that cannot be properly compacted as determined by the engineer
307. What is the spec. of mass% passing in sieve No.200, grading A for aggregate base course?
Ans : 0 to 12%
308. The rate of application of special curing agent.
Ans : 4 liter per 14 sq.m
309. The method of measurement for determining the depth of river channel.
Ans : Sounding
310. If the type of soil in Item 200 is non-plastic, what atterberg limit test can be performed?
Ans : Liquid limit Test
311. The minimum penetration of the preservation into the surface of timber is
Ans : 20 mm
312. The Engineer shall be noticed at least _____ before the treating process of timber.
Ans : 10 days
313. All grout shall pass through a screen with a _____ maximum clear opening.
Ans : 2 mm
314. The allowable height of fall in driving piles to avoid injury using gravity hammer.
Ans : 2.5m – 3.5m (concrete)
4.5m (timber)
315. This increases the shearing strength of aggregates of any size, shape and gradation
Ans : Compaction
316. Bowl-shaped holes of various sizes in the pavement surface.
Ans : potholes
317. It is the activity of monitoring planned schedule against actual and by speed task to make- up for
past or future loss of time.
Ans : Delivery control
318. Admixture which can help incorporate a controlled amount of air on the form moist in concrete
during mixing without significantly altering the setting or rate of characteristic of concrete.
Ans : air entraining admixture
319. Loose material is removed from all joints, cracks and areas that have previously patched by
asphalt by_____ with nominal ____ air pressure.
Ans : power sweeping and air blowing, 100psi
320. Super plasticizers can reduce the water content by __ and increase the 24 hours strength by___?
Ans : 25% to 35%, 50% to 70%

13
321. Stabilization and under sealing are recommended if the mean deflection is _____ or the
differential deflection is _____
Ans : greater than 0.14” , greater than 0.002”
322. The recommend thickness of Hot Mix asphalt overlay depending on the expected traffic and the
modulus of the cracked and seated pavement section.
Ans : 3” to 5”
323. In general, soils high value of this and plastic index are poor as engineering materials
Ans : liquid limit of fines
324. A form of plastic movement resulting in localized bulging of the pavement.
Ans : Shoving
325. Longitudinal surface depression in the wheel paths.
Ans : rutting
326. It is the chief load- bearing of gravel road?
Ans : base or subbase course
327. It reduces the vertical compressive stress induced by traffic in the subbase and subgrade.
Ans : base course
328. Minimum separation of splices when staggered.
Ans : 40 times bar ø
329. Consist of furnishing, placing and finishing concrete in all structure except pavements
conforming to the lines, grade and dimension.
Ans : Structural concrete.
330. Minimum grouting pressure of bonding tendons.
Ans : 0.5984 MPa (100psi)
331. Coring sampling shall be done at ______ interval by using split spoon sampler and the depth
needed is ____.
Ans : one (1) meter, 30m
332. The main cross member of bailey bridge that carry the road way structure.
Ans : transom
333. What is the diameter of split spoon sampler?
Ans : 50mm
334. The uniform sampling run in core drilling.
Ans : 1.50m length
335. The initial diameter of bore hole.
Ans : 76mm
336. What is the core bit diameter?
Ans : 67mm
337. The required spacing of bore holes along centerline of road for 300 VPD traffic.
Ans : 250m (1.5m below subgrade)
338. The required spacing of bore holes along centerline of roads for less than 300 VPD traffic.
Ans : 500m (along centerline)
339. The required spacing of bore holes along centerline for new road on swampy or marshy ground.
Ans : 100m (2m along the centerline of new road)
340. The required spacing of bore holes for bridge project.
Ans : 1 deep drill for each abutment (30m run)
1 boring for each pier for multi-span (3m into the bed rocks)
341. The required spacing and depth of bore holes over foundation area of dam
Ans : 60m spacing, 30m intermediate along centerline
Depth = ½ times base width
342. For port and harbors projects.
Ans : 30m to 150m: 1m below dredged bottom (12 minimum for piers & wharf)
343. For building (large area-greater than 930m²)
Ans : 1 bore hole at each corner of the structure and one on the interior (9m below lowest
foundation)
344. For building less than 930m²
Ans : two (2) boring at opposite corner
345. Occur on PCCP when the cutting of weakened plane is delayed.
Ans : shrinkage cracking

346. What is the primary purpose in establishing design criteria in design?

Ans : consistency

14
347. Position tolerance of duct tubes during casting operations.
Ans : + 4mm
348. This method is usually adopted when there is no visible evidence of termite infestation.
Ans : Cordoning
349. This method is used when soil shows termite infestation.
Ans : Drenching
350. moisture content of rough lumber should not exceed ______.
Ans : 22%
351. Moisture Content of dressed lumber should not exceed _____.
Ans : 14%
352. Design pressure of glass in glazed position.
Ans : 244 kg/m³
353. The minimum pressure of testing water tank.
Ans : 1,033.50 kPa
354. The minimum energy per blow of diesel hammer on concrete/steel pile at each stroke.
Ans : 831.48 kg/m
355. The minimum distance allowed for the top portion of the splice below ground line or seabed.
Ans : 2.5 meters
356. Consist of the excavation of river beds, bottom of creeks or esteros an other bodies of water.
Ans : dredging
357. The slope of piles
Ans : 1:5
358. Longitudinal gutter grades shall not be greater than _____.
Ans : 0.12%
359. Allowable for sediments or debris provided in the design.
Ans : 20%
360. It is digging of soil after the final marking of the building outline has been established on the
ground.
Ans : Minor excavation
361. It requires wide excavation of total extraction bearing capacity.
Ans : footing
362. This shall conducted for building three (3) storey and above.
Ans : Boring test
363. The minimum depth of CHB wall footing of other minor structure on the ground.
Ans : 700mm
364. The minimum depth of footing on a well compacted fill.
Ans : 100mm
365. Typical a plain or reinforced concrete that is usually provided to support a column.
Ans ; Spread footing
366. Gabion dimensions are subjected to tolerance limit of _____ of the manufactured state.
Ans : + 3%
367. A field density result of 63% degree of compaction obtained on the subgrade indicates that
Ans : Compaction of the subgrade fails the compaction specs. And need additional
compaction.
368. Liquid limit is usually
Ans: greater than plastic limit
369. The blue book requires that the base course be compacted at least
Ans : 100% modified proctor
370. As construction work progress, you noticed that the delivered materials are different from the on
test passed. If you are in doubt, what will you do?
Ans : conduct immediate re testing for verification
371. Measure of construction materials for concrete structure shall be
Ans : volume
372. The moisture density curve if different from each soil. Which of the ff statement is true?
Ans : a) Granular, well graded soil generally have fairly high maximum density at low optimum
Moisture content.
b) clay soil have lower densities at OMC than granular, well graded soil
c) granular, well graded soil have greater densities than uniform soil at OMC.

373. What should be done on the subbase course with existing moisture content 10% higher than the
optimum moisture content?

15
 Ans : dry out to reduce moisture, spread to the required thickness and compaction.
374. The DPWH specs provide ____ tolerance for asphalt pavement thickness
Ans : 5mm
375. Geosynthematic maybe used for
Ans : filtration or drainage, reinforcement, erosion control
376. Which of the is not included in determining moisture content?
Ans : a) beam balance
b) oven
c) moisture can
d) extruder
377. Steel bars are considered undersize if
Ans : Its nominal diameter as determined by caliper doesn’t meet the manufactured size
378. Sample of aggregate for base course when tested for quality the requirements. Except grading.
What will you recommend?
Ans : reprocess the materials by blending
379. Concrete curing refers to
Ans : procedure done to maximize concrete strength
380. What is the most interior type of soil as to its Engineering Properties?
Ans : Organic
381. what is Quality?
Ans : the degree of excellence
382. What is control?
Ans : is to regulate
383. What is quality control?
Ans : it is conformance to requirement
384. What is assurance?
Ans : is the degree of certainly
385. What are the two kinds of control and activities?
Ans: Inspection and Testing
386. What is the minimum distance of the water table from subgrade level?
Ans : 4-5 feet
387. What is the process of combining two or more soil in suitable properties to produce good grading
on gravel, sand, silt and clay?
Ans : Mechanical Stabilization
388. what is the common material employed in stabilizing the moisture content of soil or liquid and
hydroscope in nature? It is an aid in the compaction process by slowing the rate of evaporation of
moisture from the soil.
Ans : Calcium chloride or rock salt
389. When do clay and granular soils become unsuitable?
Ans : Clay soil becomes unstable if moisture content increase, granular material become
unstable if it has dried
390. Why do liquid asphalt was introduced in road construction aside from asphalt cement?
Ans : it was introduced in order to save heating costs and from convenience in road-mixing or
priming
391. The theory of concrete design mix is to
Ans : Optimize aggregate packing and optimize properties of cement mortar.
392. To optimize the properties of the cement mortar, one has to depend on
Ans : cement type, cement content and water content
393. What type of cement is the ordinary cement (OPC)?
Ans : Type I
394. What type of cement is the moderate Sulphate Resistant Portland Cement (MSRPC)?
Ans : Type II
395. What type of cement is the Rapid Hardening Portland Cement (RHPC)?
Ans : Type III
396. What type of cement is the Low Heat Portland Cement (LHPC)?
Ans : Type IV
397. What type of cement is the High Sulphate Resistant Portland Cement (HSRPC)?
Ans : Type V
398. What type of cement is the Portland Blast Furnace Slag Cement (PBFSC)?
Ans : Type 10

16
399. What type of cement is the Portland pozzolan Cement (PPC)?
Ans : Type 1P
400. Type I for general use such as
Ans : Pavements and Sidewalks, building and Bridge and Tanks and Water Pipes
401. Type III is used for
Ans : early stripping of forms and high early strength
402. Type IV is used for
Ans : massive structure such as dam.
403. What is testing soil that involves the application of energy and addition of water as lubricant?
Ans : Moisture-Density relation test
404. The dividing line between gravel and sand in concrete pavement is
Ans : No. 10
405. What is the volume of the mold using 6” for ASSHTO T-180 method in compaction test?
Ans : 0.002124 m³
406. A material resulting from the disintegration, grinding or crushing of rock and which will pass
2.0mm sieve and be retained on the 0.075mm sieve.
Ans : Sand
407. What is ASTM?
Ans : American Society for Testing Materials
408. DPWH thru Bureau of Research & Standards has prepared a revised laboratory testing
procedure manual, in order to have be consistent with the latest methods as prescribed under
Ans : ASTM & ASSHTO
409. What is AASHTO?
Ans : American Association Of State Highway & Transportation Officials
410. What is the Maximum size of aggregate used in Item 104.
Ans : ½ of the thickness
411. What category of contractor that are required by DPWH have laboratory equipments or
apparatus in pre-bidding qualifications?
Ans : Large
412. What kind of material that passes 0.001mm sieve?
Ans : colloids
413. In soaking sample for CBR, the water should at least _____ above the specimen
Ans : 25mm
414. A natural or prepared mixture consisting predominantly of stone, gravel or sand and containing
silt- clay materials.
Ans : soil aggregates
415. A rock fragment usually rounded or semi-rounded with an average dimension between 75mm-
305 mm.
Ans : Boulders
416. The process of cutting the branches around a tree on the roadside to make them denser and
grow straight.
Ans : Pruning
417. The road near or abutment a bridge.
Ans : Approach
418. Settlement of right of way problems should be done.
Ans : before the construction
419. Material that has the greatest load carrying capacity
Ans : Sand and gravel
420. In Hydrographic survey, sounding joints should be made at a maximum interval of
Ans : 20 meters
421. The use of geofabric material to increase the strength of the subgrade material for road
construction is classified as
Ans : Soil reinforcement Method
422. What to recommend if the surface test of newly asphalted which showed a lump.
Ans : remove and replace the pavement area with irregularity
423. Controlled Density Method in embankment construction involves.
Ans : Depositing and spreading materials in layers of not more than 225mm depth, loose
materials and extending to the full width of the embankment.
424. What type of cracks will appear on concrete if it was not cured immediately after final
placement especially during the first seven days?

17
 Ans : Plastic Shrinkage cracks
425. What is the commonly used as curing media for fresh concrete?
Ans : Liquid membrane forming
426. What is the work sequence on cylinder specimen?
Ans : Cylinder shall be prepared, cured and tested at the specified date.
427. When to remove the false work of continuous structure?
Ans : when the 1th and 2nd adjoining span on each side have reached the specified strength
428. It is generally either a soft soil composed largely of sill, clay, organic deposit or loose sand having
high void rather and usually not high water content.
Ans : weak Subgrade
429. What is Twelve- inches Method Embankment?
Ans : the material shall be deposited and spread in layers not more than 300mm in depth (12”)
measure, parallel to the finished grade and extending to the full width of the embankment
430. What is rock embankment method?
Ans : the material shall be deposited on the fill and push over the end of the fill by means of
bulldozer. This method is only applicable to fill 1.2m in depth. It shall not place with 600 mm
of the other grade.
431. What is the Hydraulic Fill Method Embankment?
Ans : the material shall be taken from borrow location and shall be deposited so as to form the
grade and cross section and shall be thoroughly compacted.
432. What is the principal factor used in determining the thickness of the pavement?
Ans : STRENGTH SUBGRADE (deterioration due to frustration move also be considered)
433. What is placing and removing Surcharge Method Embankment?
Ans : were unsuitable material is present under the embankment corrected work consists of
placing a surcharge constructed to the full width of the road bed. This surcharge shall remain
in place until the embankment has stability or the required settlement.
434. What is Hydraulic Construction Method Embankment?
ANS : this involves the introduction of water into the embankment to accelerate consideration.
435. Mixture of fine-grained aggregates, bituminous binder and water for surface seating.
Ans : Slurry seal (bituminous slurry)
436. What is the formula for percentage of wear?
Ans : percentage of wear, % = (orig. wt. – wt. retained @ sieve #12) X 100 %
Original wt.
437. Free bitumen on the surface of the pavement which creates a shiny, glass- like reflecting surface
that usually becomes quite sticky
Ans : Bleeding
438. Occurring usually at the transverse cracks joint caused by excessive expansion of the slabs
during hot weather.
Ans : Crushing
439. The authorized hauling of materials in excess of the free haul distance.
Ans : Overhaul
440. If slurry (wet) time is employed, what is the typical slurry ratio?
Ans : 1 tonne time : 2 cubic meter of water
441. What is the amount of cement to be added to the soil aggregates in Item 204?
Ans : 6-10 mass% of the dry soil
442. Who is the father of soil mechanics?
Ans : Dr. Karl Terzhagi
443. Type V cement is used for
Ans : When sulfate content of groundwater is very high
444. The Inventor of Portland Cement was
Ans : Joseph Aspdin
445. Portland Cement is composed of blended materials containing
Ans : Calcium, Alumina, Iron, and silica
446. The simple recipe of Portland Cement is
Ans : 2 parts of crushed limestone, 1 part claypulvorized shale, 1 pinch of Iron, then 1 pinch
of gypsum added to clinker.
447. Pozzolan cement is composed of raw material; called
Ans : volcanic earth
448. The 75% compressive strength of Portland Cement is composed of
Ans : C3S and C2S

18
449. The 25% setting time of Portland Cement is controlled by
Ans : C3A and C4AF
450. When water is added to Portland Cement, _______ process is developed.
Ans : Hydration
451. When Portland Cement contains low C3A, it means
Ans : the setting time is larger
452. Surplus time [Ca(OH)2] in Portland Cement when mixed with water takes care of the concrete’s
Ans : Alkalinity
453. Course aggregates can be taken from
Ans : crushed rock, slag and river gravel
454. The water required for concrete mix should be
Ans : Fresh Water
455. Sea water is deleterious to concrete mix unless on admixture is added because it contains
Ans : chloride
456. The entrapped air in concrete is
Ans : Accidental and unwanted
457. The entrained air in concrete is
Ans : deliberate and desirable
458. We use aggregate in concrete as
Ans : filler materials in concrete
459. Aggregate are important in concrete because they strongly influence:
Ans : the properties of concrete, its mix proportion and its economy
460. Which of the following is not deleterious material to concrete?
Ans : a) calcium
b) chloride
c) coal
d) sulphate
461. Over sanded and under sanded mixture require more water to be workable, but ______ making
it so will only result to sacrifice in
Ans : Strength
462. Concrete in the area represented by the cores will be considered adequate if the average strength
of the cores is equal to or at least ____of the specified strength fc’ and no single core is less than
___.
Ans : 85% of fc’, 75% of fc’
463. Fine aggregate shall be rejected when it fails in the _____ for organic impurities
Ans : Colormatic test
464. Portland Cement may be/ shall be rejected if:
Ans : it has partially set, it contains lumps of cake cement and it comes from a discarded or
used bag
465. A measurement of the coarseness or fineness of aggregates
Ans : Fineness modulus
466. An excess water needed for absorption of coarse aggregates
Ans : Free water
467. What do you mean by SSD?
Ans : Saturated Surface Dry
468. A general term relating to the character of a mix with respect to its fluidity
Ans : Consistency
469. More silt and clay content to fine aggregate is
Ans : Objectionable
470. Type A admixture is classified by ASTM C494 as
Ans : Water- reducing admixture
471. The unit pressure greater than which progressive settlement occur leading to failure
Ans : bearing capacity
472. The recommended thickness of hot mixed asphalt overlay
Ans : 2 “
473. In the test to determine the moisture content of samples, the beam balance should be sensitive up
to.
Ans : 0.1 gram
474. If the sample can not be weighted within the prescribed time after being removed from the oven
within

19
 Ans : 1 hour
475. Drying the material sample in the oven to constant weight at a prescribe temperature, the
drying time depends on the kind of soil and size of the sample. A 25 gram sample of sandy
material will be dried about
Ans : 2 hours
476. Test conducted for building 3 storey and above
Ans : Boring test
477. A test to determine the moisture content of soil
Ans : calcium tri-chloride
478. The aggregate crushing value of strong aggregate is
Ans : Low
479. The kind of asphalt used in overlaying seated pavement
Ans : hot-mix asphalt
480. The minimum width of paved sidewalk
Ans : 1.5 meters
481. The limit of water- cement ratio of concrete
Ans : 0.50-0.60
482. A cement where compression is induced before the application of working load so that tension
under this load is reduced.
Ans : Pre-stressing
483. What laboratory test is used in determining the phosphorus content of steel materials?
Ans : Phospho-molydate
484. What chemical property in the composition of steel material that will cause brilleness or cold
shortness when its content goes beyond 0.05% to .10%
Ans : phosphorous
485. Base or Sub-base is exceed beyond each edge of proposed concrete pavement
Ans : 0.60 m
486. If you want to adjust the slump and the air content, how you do it?
Ans : + 10mm slump = + 2 kg/m³ from (water)
+ air entrapment = + 2 kg/m³ of average (water)
487. In non-entrained concrete, what is the range of air entrained?
Ans : 3% - 0.2% (small- bigger aggregate)
488. In air-entrained concrete, what is the range of air entrained?
Ans : 8% - 3% (small- bigger aggregate)
489. For the constant water – cement ratio, what will happen if air content involved?
Ans : The strength of concrete is reduce
490. What will happen if the lower the water-cement ratio and maintaining other values of its
ingredients?
Ans : it will acquire strength
491. What is the mixing time of concrete?
Ans : 1.5 m³ capacity mixer, T260 seconds
Above 1.5 m³ capacity mixer, T 290 seconds
492. When cement is in contact with moist aggregates, batch made by mix will be disallowed beyond
____.
Ans : 1 ½ hours
493. How many hours should an aggregate be washed and stockpiled before batching starts?
Ans : 12 hours prior to batching shall be stockpiled or binned for draining
494. When will truck mixing start?
Ans : mixing shall begin within 30 minutes upon cement has due added 15 minutes when wet
aggregate is used as 32°C temperature is present
495. Concrete delivered by agitation of truck mixer must be discharged within 1 hour or 250
revolutions of the drum. why?
Ans : to avoid over mixing and initial setting of the concrete
496. In final computation of concrete in road to be paid, what is the maximum size of pipe that is
negligible in the volume computation?
Ans : pip[es with ø of 4” or less
Sitoy / aug. 8, 2009

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