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  • References: 126 Sme Mining Engineering Handbook

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    Downhole geophysical logging tools provide essential information for mineral exploration and resource estimation. These tools include electromagnetic tools that can detect conductive bodies up to 150m from the drill hole, downhole gravity tools that can measure relative gravity fields to detect off-hole density targets and transform measurements into real densities, and downhole magnetic tools that can map magnetic minerals and intrusive plugs despite challenges in sensor orientation tracking. Downhole IP is also useful for calibrating surface interpretations for drilling and should be logged in all holes targeted on IP anomalies.

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    Downhole geophysical logging tools provide essential information for mineral exploration and resource estimation. These tools include electromagnetic tools that can detect conductive bodies up to 150m from the drill hole, downhole gravity tools that can measure relative gravity fields to detect off-hole density targets and transform measurements into real densities, and downhole magnetic tools that can map magnetic minerals and intrusive plugs despite challenges in sensor orientation tracking. Downhole IP is also useful for calibrating surface interpretations for drilling and should be logged in all holes targeted on IP anomalies.

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    24 views1 page

    References: 126 Sme Mining Engineering Handbook

    Uploaded by

    Yeims
    Downhole geophysical logging tools provide essential information for mineral exploration and resource estimation. These tools include electromagnetic tools that can detect conductive bodies up to 150m from the drill hole, downhole gravity tools that can measure relative gravity fields to detect off-hole density targets and transform measurements into real densities, and downhole magnetic tools that can map magnetic minerals and intrusive plugs despite challenges in sensor orientation tracking. Downhole IP is also useful for calibrating surface interpretations for drilling and should be logged in all holes targeted on IP anomalies.

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    126 SMe Mining engineering handbook

    conductors up to 150 m from the drill hole, defining a RefeRenCeS


    target vector for drill orientation. The receivers measure Clark, D.A, Geuna, S., and Schmidt, P.W. 2003. AMIRA
    mostly in the time domain and use the popular University P700—Predictive Magnetic Exploration Models for
    of Toronto electomagnetic (UTEM) on-time transmit- Porphyry, Epithermal and Iron Oxide Copper-Gold
    ted signal for better sensitivity (e.g., as is used in nickel Deposits: Implications for Exploration and Mining.
    exploration in Sudbury, Canada). CSIRO Exploration and Mining Report 1073R.
    • Downhole gravity has been common in petroleum explo- Goodman, S. 1995. The Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) Science
    ration for decades. The advantage over the conversional Team Meeting. NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center,
    neutron logging sensors is that it can measure the relative Global Hydrology and Climate Center, Huntsville, AL.
    gravity field that can be used to detect off-hole density Reid, A. 1980. Aeromagnetic survey design. Geophysics
    targets. The gradient information can also be transformed 45(5):973–976.
    into real density measurements. A limiting factor with Reid, J. 2007. Introduction to surface, downhole and airborne
    neutron tools is the maximum density that can be reliably electromagnetic methods. Geoforce Pty. Ltd. for BHP
    measured is about 2.8 kg/t, whereas the gravity-logging Billiton Nickel West Workshop.
    tool will measure higher gravity values, making it ideal Rose, M., and de Wet, B. 2005. BHP Billiton Applied
    for resource estimation for commodities such as iron ore. Geophysics Workshop, Module B: Gravity Methods,
    • Three-component, downhole magnetic surveys are Cerro Matoso Mine, Columbia.
    uncommon and are sometimes employed for mapping the Sheriff, R.E. 2002. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Applied
    off-hole presence of magnetic minerals, such as magne- Geophysics, 4th ed. Tulsa, OK: Society of Exploration
    tite and pyrrhotite, and for mapping magnetic intrusive Geologists.
    plugs. The difficulty with magnetic logging is in accu- Waters, K.H. 1981. Reflection Seismology: A Tool for Energy
    rately tracking the orientation of the three-component Resource Exploration, 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley
    sensor while traveling downhole. and Sons.
    • Downhole IP is useful for calibrating surface IP interpre- Wellman, P., Barlow, B.C., and Murry, A.S. 1985. Gravity
    tations for drilling. Good practice dictates that all drill Base-Station Network Values, Australia. BMR Report
    holes targeted on IP anomalies should be logged. 261. Australian Government, Geoscience Australia.
    Available at www.ga.gov.au.
    Zonge, K.L., and Hughes, L.J. 1991. Controlled source
    audio-frequency magnetotellurics. In Electromagnetic
    Methods in Applied Geophysics, Vol. 2. Edited by M.N.
    Nabighian. Tulsa, OK: Society of Exploration Geologists.
    pp. 713–809.

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