DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB

DESIGN FOR 2S-1 and 3S-1

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 3.5 m = 0.636 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 5.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 5.5)

180 180
h = 100 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL
LL= 4.80 kPa
FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.80 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 0.636 ,CASE 4

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
2
MA = (WU) (CA) (A ) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.086) (3.5 m)2 MB = 14.388 kPa (0.014) (5.5 m)2
MA =15.157 kN-m MB =6.093 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.051) (3.5)2 MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.008) (5.5)2
MADL = 4.191 kN m MBDL = 1.623 kN m

For LL: For LL:

MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.063) (3.5)2 MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.010) (5.5)2
MALL = 5.927 kN m MBDL = 2.323 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 4.191 kN m + 5.927 kN m MB = 1.623 kN m + 2.323 kN m
MA = 10.118 kN m MB = 3.946 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. SHORT DIRECTION: MIDDLE STRIP:

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 15.157 (106) = 1.718 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.718)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 4.250 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min < 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 4.250 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (4.250 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 420.750mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 420.750
= 268.799mm say S = 260mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 10.118 (106) = 1.147 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(1.147)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.800 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINUOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (420.750mm2) = 140.250 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > SmaxTherefore, S = 250mm
B. LONG DIRECTION: MIDDLE STRIP:

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 6.093 (106) = 0.894 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.894)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.170 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 3.946 (106) = 0.579 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.579)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.396 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINUOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > SmaxTherefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 420.750 250 280.500 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 140.250 250 93.500 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-2 and 3S-2

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 3.5 m = 0.636 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 5.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 5.5)

180 180
h = 100 mm<125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 4.80 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59 kPa) = 6.708kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.80 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 0.636 ,CASE 9
A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
2
MA = (WU) (CA) (A ) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.084) (3.5 m)2 MB = 14.388 kPa (0.007) (5.5 m)2
MA =14.805 kN-m MB =3.047 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.035) (3.5)2 MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.005) (5.5)2
MADL = 2.876 kN m MBDL = 1.015 kN m

For LL: For LL:

MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.055) (3.5)2 MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.008) (5.5)2
MALL = 5.174 kN m MBDL = 1.859 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 2.876 kN m + 5.174 kN m MB = 1.015 kN m + 1.859 kN m
MA = 8.050 kN m MB = 2.874 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. SHORT DIRECTION: MIDDLE STRIP:

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Rn = MA = 14.805 (106) = 1.678 MPa
∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.678)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 4.147 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min < 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 4.147 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (4.147 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 410.553 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 410.553
= 275.475mm say S = 270mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 8.050 (106) = 0.913 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.913)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.217 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = (
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINUOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (410.553 mm2) = 136.851 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. LONG DIRECTION: MIDDLE STRIP:

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 3.047 (106) = 0.447 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.447)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.074 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = (
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029 mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 2.874 (106) = 0.422 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.422)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 1.014 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= = = 390.029mm say S = 390mm
𝐴𝑠 289.971

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 200mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINUOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971 mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > SmaxTherefore, S = 250mm

MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP

The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 410.553 250 273.702 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 136.851 250 91.234 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-3 and 3S-3

Short Span: A = 5.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 5.5 m = 1.0 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 5.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (5.5 + 5.5)

180 180
h = 122.222 mm
say h=130mm > hmin=125 mm Therefore, use 130mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h- COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR Φr

d1 = 130mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) d2 = 130mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 104 mm d2 = 92 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.130 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.12 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.71 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 4.80 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.71kPa) = 6.852 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.80 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.852 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.532 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 1 ,CASE 8

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
2
MA = (WU) (CA) (A ) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 14.532 kPa (0.033) (5.5 m)2 MB = 14.532 kPa (0.061) (5.5 m)2
MA =14.507 kN-m MB = 26.815 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (6.852 kPa) (0.02) (5.5)2 MBDL = (6.852 kPa) (0.023) (5.5)2
MADL = 4.145 kN m MBDL = 4.767 kN m

For LL: For LL:

MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.029) (3.5)2 MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.03) (5.5)2
MALL = 6.737 kN m MBDL = 6.970 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 4.145 kN m + 6.737 kN m MB = 4.767 kN m + 6.970 kN m
MA = 10.882 kN m MB = 11.737 kN
STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. SHORT DIRECTION: MIDDLE STRIP:

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 14.507 (106) = 1.490 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (104)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.490)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 3.666 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min < 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.666 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.666 x 10-3)(1000)(104)
As = 381.264 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 381.264
= 296.637 mm say S = 290mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (130) = 260mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 260mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 10.882 (106) = 1.118 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (104)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.118)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.727x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(104)
As = 346.632 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 346.632
= 326.274 mm say S = 320 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (130) = 260mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 260mm

AT DISCONTINUOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (346.632 mm2) = 115.544 mm2

S = 3 x 260mm = 780mm, S > SmaxTherefore, S = 260mm

B. LONG DIRECTION: MIDDLE STRIP:

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 26.815(106) = 3.520 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (92)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(3.520)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 9.114 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min < 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 9.114 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (9.114 x 10-3)(1000)(92)
As = 838.488 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 838.488
= 134.882mm say S = 130mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (130) = 260mm S < Smax Therefore, S= 130mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 11.737 (106) = 1.541 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (92)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.541)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 3.796 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min < 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.796 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.796 x 10-3)(1000)(92)
As = 349.232 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 349.232
= 323.845 mm say S = 320mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (130) = 260mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 260mm

AT DISCONTINUOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (349.232 mm2) = 116.411 mm2

S = 3 x 260mm = 780mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 260mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 381.264 260 254.176 260
Span midspan 346.632 260 231.088 260
disc. edge 115.544 260 77.029 260
Long cont. edge 838.488 130 558.992 190
Span midspan 349.232 260 232.821 260
disc. edge 116.411 260 77.607 260
DESIGN FOR 2S-4 and 3S-4

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 3.5 m = 0.636 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 5.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 5.5)

180 180
h = 100 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR Φ
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) d2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 3.59 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (3.59 kPa) = 5.744 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 5.744 kPa
WU = 12.452 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 0.636 ,CASE 9

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
2
MA = (WU) (CA) (A ) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 12.452 kPa (0.084) (3.5 m)2 MB = 12.452 kPa (0.007) (5.5 m)2
MA = 12.813 kN-m MB = 2.636 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (5.508 kPa) (0.035) (3.5)2 MBDL = (5.508 kPa) (0.005) (5.5)2
MADL = 2.362 kN m MBDL = 0.833 kN m

For LL: For LL:

MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 5.744 kPa (0.055) (3.5)2 MBLL = 5.744 kPa (0.008) (5.5)2
MALL = 3.870 kN m MBDL = 1.390 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 2.362 kN m + 3.870 kN m MB = 0.833 kN m + 1.390 kN m
MA = 6.232 kN m MB = 2.223 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 12.813(106) = 1.453 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.453)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 3.572 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.572 x10-3for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 353.628 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 353.628
= 319.819mm say S = 310mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 6.232 (106) = 0.706 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.706)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.707 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As
As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > SmaxTherefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 2.636 (106) = 0.387 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.387)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 9.290 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 2.223 (106) = 0.326 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.326)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 7.816 x 10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600
𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 200mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971 mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 353.628 250 235.752 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-5 and 3S-5

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 3.5 m = 0.636 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 5.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 5.5)

180 180
h = 100 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL
LL= 3.59 kPa
FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (3.59 kPa) = 5.744 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 5.508 kPa + 5.744 kPa
WU = 12.452 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 0.636 ,CASE 4

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
2
MA = (WU) (CA) (A ) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 12.452 kPa (0.086) (3.5 m)2 MB = 12.452 kPa (0.014) (5.5 m)2
MA = 13.118 kN-m MB = 5.273 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (5.508 kPa) (0.051) (3.5)2 MBDL = (5.508 kPa) (0.008) (5.5)2
MADL = 3.441 kN m MBDL = 1.333 kN m

For LL: For LL:

MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 5.744 kPa (0.063) (3.5)2 MBLL = 5.744 kPa (0.010) (5.5)2
MALL = 4.433 kN m MBDL = 1.738 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 3.441 kN m + 4.433 kN m MB = 1.333 kN m + 1.738 kN m
MA = 7.874 kN m MB = 3.071 kN m
Strength Design
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 13.118(106) = 1.487 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(1.487)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 3.659 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = (
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.659 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 362.241 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 362.241
= 312.216 mm say S = 310mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 7.874 (106) = 0.893 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.893)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.168 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 5.273(106) = 0.774 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.744)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 1.800 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 3.071 (106) = 0.451 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.451)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.084 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 362.241 250 241.494 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-6 and 3S-6S

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 3.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 3.5 m = 1.0 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 3.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 3.5)

180 180
h = 77.778 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 4.80 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.80 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 1.0 ,CASE 9

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = (WU) (CA) (A2) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.061) (3.5 m)2 MB = 14.388 kPa (0.033) (3.5 m)2
MA =10.751 kN-m MB =5.816 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.023) (3.5)2 MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.02) (3.5)2
MADL = 1.890 kN m MBDL = 1.643 kN m

For LL: For LL:

MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.03) (3.5)2 MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.028) (3.5)2
MALL = 2.822 kN m MBDL = 2.634 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 1.890 kN m + 2.822 kN m MB = 1.643 kN m + 2.634 kN m
MA = 4.712 kN m MB = 4.277 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 10.751 (106) = 1.219 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.219)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.981 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = (
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 4.712 (106) = 0.534 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.534)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.286 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 5.816 (106) = 0.854 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.854)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 2.071 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 4.277 (106) = 0.628 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.628)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.515 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-7 and 3S-7

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 3.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 3.5 m = 1.0 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 3.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 3.5)

180 180
h = 77.778 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 4.80 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.80 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 1,CASE 2

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE B. Long Span, Middle Strip
2
MA = (WU) (CA) (A ) AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.045) (3.5 m)2 MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 7.931 kN-m MB = 14.388 kPa (0.045) (3.5 m)2
MB = 7.931 kN-m
AT MIDSPAN
For DL: AT MIDSPAN
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) For DL:
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.018) (3.5)2 MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = 1.479 kN m MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.018) (3.5)2
MBDL = 1.479 kN m
For LL:
MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) For LL:
2
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.027) (3.5) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 2.540 kN m MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.027) (3.5)2
MBDL = 2.540 kN m
AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
MA = MADL + MALL AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
MA = 1.479 kN m + 2.540 kN m MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 4.019 kN m MB = 1.479 kN m + 2.540 kN m
MB = 4.019 kN m

STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 7.931 (106) = 0.899 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.899)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.182 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 4.019 (106) = 0.456 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.456)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.096 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 7.931 (106) = 1.164MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.164)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 2.843 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 4.019 (106) = 0.590 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.590)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.423 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm

MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP

The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-8 and 3S-8

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097
4

m = A = 3.5 m = 0.636 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 5.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 5.5)

180 180
h = 100 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 4.80 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.80 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 0.636 ,CASE 8

A. Short Span, Middle Strip MA = 4.371 kN m

AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = (WU) (CA) (A2) B. Long Span, Middle Strip
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.033) (3.5 m)2 AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = 5.816 kN-m MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MB = 14.388 kPa (0.061) (5.5 m)2
AT MIDSPAN MB = 10.751 kN-m
For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) AT MIDSPAN
2
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.02) (3.5) For DL:
MADL = 1.643 kN m MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.023) (5.5)2
For LL: MBDL = 4.667 kN m
2
MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A )
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.029) (3.5)2 For LL:
MALL = 2.728 kN m MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.03) (5.5)2
AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE MBDL = 1.267 kN m
MA = MADL + MALL
MA = 1.643 kN m + 2.728 kN m AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
MB = MBDL + MBDL MB = 5.934 kN m
MB = 4.667 kN m + 1.267 kN m

STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 5.816 (106) = 0.659 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.659)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.591 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= = = 342.752 mm say S = 340mm
𝐴𝑠 329.967

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 4.371 (106) = 0.496 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.496)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.194 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S= 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2
S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 10.751 (106) = 1.578 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.578)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 3.891 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.891 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.891 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 338.517 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 338.517
= 334.096mm say S = 330mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 5.934 (106) = 0.871 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.871)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 2.113 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
As = 1/3 (338.517) = 112.839 mm2
S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 338.517 250 225.678 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 112.839 250 75.226 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-9 and 3S-9

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 3.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 3.5 m = 1.0 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 3.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 3.5)

180 180
h = 77.778 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 3.59 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (3.59 kPa) = 5.744 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 5.744 kPa
WU = 12.452 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 1.0 ,CASE 9

A. Short Span, Middle Strip MA = 1.552 kN m + 2.111 kN m

AT CONTINOUS EDGE MA = 3.663 kN m
MA = (WU) (CA) (A2)
MA = 12.452 kPa (0.061) (3.5 m)2
MA = 9.305 kN-m B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE
AT MIDSPAN MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
For DL: MB = 12.452 kPa (0.033) (3.5 m)2
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MB = 5.034 kN-m
MADL = (5.508 kPa) (0.023) (3.5)2
MADL = 1.552 kN m AT MIDSPAN
For DL:
For LL: MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBDL = (5.508 kPa) (0.02) (3.5)2
MALL = 5.744 kPa (0.03) (3.5)2 MBDL = 1.349 kN m
MALL = 2.111 kN m
For LL:
AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MA = MADL + MALL MBLL = 5.744 kPa (0.028) (3.5)2
MBDL = 1.970 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
MB = MBDL + MBDL
MB = 1.349 kN m + 1.970 kN m
MB = 3.319 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE
Rn = MA = 9.305 (106) = 1.055 MPa
∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1.055)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 2.570 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 3.663 (106) = 0.415 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.415)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 9.969 x 10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 5.034 (106) = 0.734MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.734)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 1.775 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 3.319 (106) = 0.487 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.487)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.172 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-10 and 3S-10

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 3.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm

𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097mm2

m = A = 3.5 m = 1 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 3.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 3.5)

180 180
h = 77.78 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 3.59 kPa

FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (3.59 kPa) = 5.744 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 5.744 kPa
WU =12.452 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 1 ,CASE 2

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
2
MA = (WU) (CA) (A ) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 12.452 kPa (0.045) (3.5 m)2 MB = 12.452 kPa (0.045) (3.5 m)2
MA = 3.698 kN-m MB = 3.698 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.018) (3.5)2 MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.018) (3.5)2
MADL = 1.479 kN m MBDL = 1.479 kN m

For LL: For LL:

MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 5.744 kPa (0.027) (3.5)2 MBLL = 5.744 kPa (0.027) (3.5)2
MALL = 1.900 kN m MBDL = 1.900 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 1.479 kN m + 1.900 kN m MB = 1.479 kN m + 1.9 kN m
MA = 3.379 kN m MB = 3.379 kN m
Strength Design
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 3.698 (106) = 0.419 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.419)

𝜌= 420
(1 - 1 )
0.85(28)
𝝆 = 1.007 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 3.379(106) = 0.383 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.383)

𝜌= 420
(1 - 1 )
0.85(28)
𝝆 = 9.194 x10-4
1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28
𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE:

Rn = MB = 3.698(106) = 0.543 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.543)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 1.308 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 3.071 (106) = 0.451 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.451)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.084 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP

The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-11 and 3S-11

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.09

m = A = 3.5 m = 1 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 3.5

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (3.5 + 3.5)

180 180
h = 77.78 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL

LL= 4.8 kPa

FACTORED LOAD:
WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59 kPa) = 6.708 kPa
WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.8 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 1.0 ,CASE 4

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = (WU) (CA) (A2) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.05) (3.5 m)2 MB = 14.388 kPa (0.05) (3.5 m)2
MA = 8.813 kN-m MB = 8.813 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN AT MIDSPAN
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.027) (3.5)2 MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.027) (3.5)2
MADL = 2.219 kN m MBDL = 2.219 kN m

For LL: For LL:

2
MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A ) MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.032) (3.5)2 MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.032) (3.5)2
MALL = 3.011 kN m MBDL = 3.011 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBDL
MA = 2.219 kN m + 3.011 kN m MB = 2.219 kN m + 3.011 kN m
MA = 5.23 kN m MB = 5.23 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 8.813(106) = 1 MPa
∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(1)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 2.433 x10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As
As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 5.23(106) = 0.593 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.593)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 1.43 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

at discontinuous edge:

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 4.765 (106) = 0.699 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.699)

𝜌= 420
(1 - √1 − 0.85 (28) )

𝝆 = 1.689 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 3.071 (106) = 0.451 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.451)

𝜌= (1 - √1 − )
420 0.85 (28)

𝝆 = 1.084 x 10-3

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP

The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-12 and 3S-12

Short Span: A = 3.5m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 5.5m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097
m = A = 1.3 m = 0.684 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB
B 1.9

SLAB THICKNESS

h = Perimeter = 2 (1.3 + 1.9)

180 180
h = 35.56 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL
Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa
Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL
LL= 4.8 kPa
FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.8 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 0.684 ,CASE 4

A. Short Span, Middle Strip MA = 1.299 kN m

AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = (WU) (CA) (A2) B. Long Span, Middle Strip
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.082) (1.3 m)2 AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = 2 kN-m MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MB = 14.388 kPa (0.018) (1.9 m)2
AT MIDSPAN MB = 0.934 kN-m
For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) AT MIDSPAN
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.047) (1.3)2 For DL:
MADL = 0.533 kN m MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.010) (1.9)2
For LL: MBDL = 0.242 kN m
MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2)
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.059) (1.3)2 For LL:
MALL = 0.766 kN m MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.013) (1.9)2
AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE MBDL = 0.360 kN m
MA = MADL + MALL
MA = 0.533 kN m + 0.766 kN m AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
MB = MBDL + MBDL MB = 0.602 kN m
MB = 0.242 kN m + 0.360 kN m

Strength Design
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 2(106) = 0.226 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.226)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 5.407 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = (
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 1.299(106) = 0.147 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.147)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85( 28)
𝝆 = 3.511 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2
S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 0.934(106) = 0.137 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.137)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85( 28)
𝝆 = 3.271 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= = = 390.029mm say S = 390mm
𝐴𝑠 289.971

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 0.602(106) = 0.088 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.088)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 2.099 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2
S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
At 2S-13 and 3S-13

Short Span: A = 1.3m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 1.9m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm
𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097
m = A = 1.3 m = 0.684 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB
B 1.9

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (1.3 + 1.9)

180 180
h = 35.56 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL
Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa
Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL
LL= 4.8 kPa
FACTORED LOAD

WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa

WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.8 kPa) = 7.8 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.338 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 0.684 ,CASE 9

A. Short Span, Middle Strip MA = MADL + MALL

AT CONTINOUS EDGE MA = 0.374 kN m + 0.662 kN m
MA = (WU) (CA) (A2) MA = 1.036 kN m
2
MA = 14.338 kPa (0.082) (1.3 m)
MA =1.987 kN-m B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE
AT MIDSPAN MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
For DL: MB = 14.388 kPa (0.009) (1.9 m)2
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MB = 0.467 kN-m
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.033) (1.3)2
MADL = 0.374 kN m AT MIDSPAN
For DL:
For LL: MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A2) MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.006) (1.9)2
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.051) (1.3)2 MBDL = 0.145 kN m
MALL = 0.662 kN m
For LL:
AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE MBLL = (WDL) (CBLL) (B2)
MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.010) (1.9)2
MBDL = 0.277 kN m

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE
MB = MBDL + MBDL
MB = 0.145 kN m + 0.277 kN m
MB = 0.422 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN

A. Short Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 1.987(106) = 0.225 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.225)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 5.383 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 1.036(106) = 0.117 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.117)

𝜌= 420
(1 - 1 )
0.85( 28)
𝝆 = 2.793 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
B. Long Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 0.467(106) = 0.069 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.069)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 1.645x 10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 0.422(106) = 0.062 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.062)

𝜌= 420
(1 - 1 )
0.85(28)
𝝆 = 1.478 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250
DESIGN FOR 2S-14 and 3S-14

Short Span: A = 1.3m fc’ = 28 MPa Rebar = 12 mm

Long Span: B = 1.3m fy = 420 MPa Cover = 20mm

𝜋
Ad = 4 (12𝑚𝑚)2 =113.097

m = A = 1.3 m = 1 > 0.5 Therefore, TWO WAY SLAB

B 1.3

SLAB THICKNESS, h

h = Perimeter = 2 (1.3 + 1.3)

180 180
h = 28.89 mm <125 mm Therefore, use 125mm

EFFECTIVE DEPTH, d

FOR SHORT DIRECTION FOR LONG DIRECTION

d1 = h - COVER - 1/2 REBAR Φ d2 = h - COVER - REBAR Φ - 1/2 REBAR
d1 = 125mm -20mm -1/2 (12mm) Φd2 = 125mm – 20mm – 12mm - 1/2 (12mm)
d1 = 99 mm d2 = 87 mm

DEAD LOADS, DL:

Slab Weight = h x Wc = 0.125 mm x 24 kn/m3 = 3.0 kPa

Floor Finish = 1.1 kPa
Ceiling Load = 0.24 kPa
Mech. & Electrical Load = 0.25 kPa
Miscellaneous Load = 1 kPa
DL = 5.59 kPa
LIVE LOAD, LL
LL= 4.8 kPa
FACTORED LOAD
WDL = 1.2 DL = 1.2 (5.59kPa) = 6.708 kPa
WLL = 1.6 LL = 1.6 (4.8 kPa) = 7.68 kPa

WU = WDL + WLL
WU = 6.708 kPa + 7.68 kPa
WU = 14.388 kPa

MOMENT CALCULATIONS
m = 1.0 ,CASE

A. Short Span, Middle Strip B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE AT CONTINOUS EDGE
MA = (WU) (CA) (A2) MB = (WU) (CB) (B2)
MA = 14.388 kPa (0.045) (1.3 m)2 MB = 14.388 kPa (0.045) (1.3 m)2
MA =1.094 kN-m MB =1.094 kN-m

At midspan At midspan
For DL: For DL:
MADL = (WDL) (CADL) (A2) MBDL = (WDL) (CBDL) (B2)
MADL = (6.708 kPa) (0.018) (1.3)2 MBDL = (6.708 kPa) (0.018) (1.3)2
MADL = 0.204 kN m MBDL = 0.204 kN m

For LL: For LL:

2
MALL = (WLL) (CALL) (A ) MBLL = (WLL) (CBLL) (B2)
MALL = 7.68 kPa (0.027) (1.3)2 MBLL = 7.68 kPa (0.027) (1.3)2
MALL = 0.350 kN m MBLL = 0.350 kN m

MA = MADL + MALL MB = MBDL + MBLL

MA = 0.204 kN m + 0.350 kN m MB = 0.204 kN m + 0.350 kN m
MA = 0.554 kN m MB = 0.554 kN m
STRENGTH DESIGN
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MA = 1.094(106) = 0.124 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.124)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 2.960 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752 mm say S = 340mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MA = 0.554(106) = 0.063 MPa

∅bd12 (0.90) (1000) (99)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.063)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 1.502 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd1
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(99)
As = 329.967 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 329.967
= 342.752mm say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (329.967 mm2) = 109.989 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

AT CONTINOUS EDGE

Rn = MB = 1.094(106) = 0.124 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= (1 − √1 − )
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′

0.85 (28) 2(0.124)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 2.960 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = 𝑓𝑦 or 4𝑓𝑦
= 420 or 4(420) = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = 𝑓𝑦
(600+𝑓𝑦) = 420
(600+420)

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT MIDSPAN

Rn = MB = 0.554(106) = 0.063 MPa

∅bd22 (0.90) (1000) (87)2

0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 2𝑅𝑛
𝜌= 𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ )

0.85 (28) 2(0.063)

𝜌= (1 - 1 )
420 0.85(28)
𝝆 = 1.502 x10-4

1.4 √𝑓𝑐 ′ 1.4 √28

𝜌 min = or = or = 3.333 x10-3 or 3.150 x10-3
𝑓𝑦 4𝑓𝑦 420 4(420)

use 𝝆 min = 3.333 x10-3

0.75 (0.85)𝛽𝑓𝑐′ 600 0.75(0.85)(0.85)(28) 600

𝜌 max = ( ) = ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦 420 600+420

𝝆 max = 0.021

When 𝜌min > 𝜌 < 𝜌max therefore, use 3.333 x 10-3 for As

As = 𝜌bd2
As = (3.333 x 10-3)(1000)(87)
As = 289.971 mm2

Using 12 mm bars
𝐴𝑑(1000) 113.097 (1000)
S= 𝐴𝑠
= 289.971
= 390.029mm say S = 390mm

Smax = 2h = 2 (125) = 250mm S > Smax Therefore, S= 250mm

AT DISCONTINOUS EDGE

As = 1/3 (289.971mm2) = 96.657 mm2

S = 3 x 250mm = 750mm, S > Smax Therefore, S = 250mm
MOMENT CALCULATIONS FOR COLUMNN STRIP
The average moment in the column strip is 2/3 of the corresponding moment in the
middle strip so that the spacing of steel is 3/2 times that in the middle strip.

RESULTING TABLE

Slab Middle Strip Column Strip

As (mm2) S(mm) As (mm2) S(mm)
Short cont. edge 329.967 250 219.978 250
Span midspan 329.967 250 219.978 250
disc. edge 109.989 250 73.326 250
Long cont. edge 289.971 250 193.314 250
Span midspan 289.971 250 193.314 250
disc. edge 96.657 250 64.438 250