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    Discrete Fourier Transform Gui: 1. Introduction & Purpose

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    Luis Humberto Martinez Palmeth
    This document describes a GUI that uses the discrete Fourier transform to analyze earthquake accelerograms by converting the time domain signal to the frequency domain. The GUI allows the user to input an accelerogram file, select the type of frequency analysis output, and save the results. The discrete Fourier transform decomposes the signal into its constituent sinusoids to determine the amplitude of each frequency component.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Discrete Fourier Transform Gui: 1. Introduction & Purpose

    Uploaded by

    Luis Humberto Martinez Palmeth
    33 views3 pages
    This document describes a GUI that uses the discrete Fourier transform to analyze earthquake accelerograms by converting the time domain signal to the frequency domain. The GUI allows the user to input an accelerogram file, select the type of frequency analysis output, and save the results. The discrete Fourier transform decomposes the signal into its constituent sinusoids to determine the amplitude of each frequency component.

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    This document describes a GUI that uses the discrete Fourier transform to analyze earthquake accelerograms by converting the time domain signal to the frequency domain. The GUI allows the user to input an accelerogram file, select the type of frequency analysis output, and save the results. The discrete Fourier transform decomposes the signal into its constituent sinusoids to determine the amplitude of each frequency component.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views3 pages

    Discrete Fourier Transform Gui: 1. Introduction & Purpose

    Uploaded by

    Luis Humberto Martinez Palmeth
    This document describes a GUI that uses the discrete Fourier transform to analyze earthquake accelerograms by converting the time domain signal to the frequency domain. The GUI allows the user to input an accelerogram file, select the type of frequency analysis output, and save the results. The discrete Fourier transform decomposes the signal into its constituent sinusoids to determine the amplitude of each frequency component.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM GUI

    1. INTRODUCTION & PURPOSE

    This script aims to change a discrete signal input, and more precisely an earthquake
    accelerogram, from time domain to frequency domain applying the Discrete Fourier
    Transform.

    Frequency Domain Representation, F(w), gives amplitude of the real and imaginary parts
    of the sinusoid at each frequency. By knowing the solution in the frequency domain, you
    can get the solution for any signal in the time domain.

    On this basis, the script obtains the signal in the the amplitude related to each frequency
    within the considered range of values.

    2. INPUT DATA

    The input data is the signal we want to study, defined on a discrete set of points (N
    sampled values associated with a sampling interval, ∆), which is introduced as an ASCII
    file loaded in the GUI.

    The sampling interval has a very high significance. For any sampling interval, there is also
    a special frequency fc, called the Nyquist Critical Frequency, given by:

    The Nyquist Critical Frequency is important for two related, but distinct, reasons. One is
    the remarkable fact known as the Sampling Theorem: “If a continuous function h(t),
    sampled at an interval ∆, happens to be bandwidth limited to frequencies smaller in
    magnitude than fc, | f | ≤ fc ”.

    The other is the fact that ‘information content’ of a bandwidth limited function is, in some
    sense, infinitely smaller than that of a general continuous function. Therefore, the effect of
    sampling a continuous function that is not bandwidth limited to less than the fc is that any
    frequency component outside of the frequency range [-fc, fc] is aliased (falsely translated,
    also called foldover or biasing) into that range by the very act of discrete sampling.

    In order to overcome the problem of aliasing we must sample at a rate sufficiently rapid to
    give at least two points of the highest frequency present and we must limit our calculation
    to the frequency range [-fc, fc].

    The sampling can be improved by doubling the number of signals per second. The script
    gives the possibility of doing this by interpolating the values of the signal provided by the
    user.

    CRISTINA M. VILA (vilamartinezcristina@hotmail.com) 1


    On this basis, we generate the Fourier transform at discrete frequencies:

    The complex numbers Xk represent the extent and phase of different sinusoidal
    components of the input signal xn.

    3. OUTPUT DATA (Solution)

    The calculation of the Discrete Fourier Transform is performed applying the internal
    function fft(signal,N). In order to increase the performance of fft when the length of the
    signal is not a power of 2 the script uses the internal functions nextpow2.

    The user is given the possibility to either represent the amplitude associated with each
    frequency or the real or imaginary terms. The default value for the abscissa will be the
    Natural Frequency (Hz), but the script allows the user to change to the period (T=1/f) by
    selecting the check box “x-axis, Period”.

    Lastly, the script offers the possibility to store the results obtained by clicking ‘Create a file’.
    The GUI will request a filename and a directory and automatically create a .dat file which
    will contain all the data mentioned above.

    4. FILE LIST

    - DFT.m
    - DFT.fig
    - Accelerogram of el Centro earthquake:
    - elcentro.dat

    CRISTINA M. VILA (vilamartinezcristina@hotmail.com) 2


    - Accelerograms of San Fernando earthquake (different components):
    - 1971SanFernandoCastaicDOWN.dat
    - 1971SanFernandoCastaicN21E.dat
    - 1971SanFernandoCastaicN69W.dats
    - 1971SanFernandoJPLDOWN.dat
    - 1971SanFernandoJPLS08W.dat
    - 1971SanFernandoJPLS82E.dat

    CRISTINA M. VILA (vilamartinezcristina@hotmail.com) 3

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