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    Comparative Study of Giriraja and Desi Birds Under Backyard System of Rearing in Farmers Field

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    Sivanandam
    This study compared the productive performance of Giriraja and Desi chicken breeds under backyard rearing systems in farmers' fields. Key findings include: 1) Giriraja birds reached sexual maturity earlier (156 days) than Desi birds (182 days) and had higher first egg weights (45g vs 38g). 2) At 28 weeks, Giriraja birds weighed significantly more (2.127kg) than Desi birds (1.1kg). 3) Giriraja hens had significantly higher egg production up to 52 weeks (204 eggs) than Desi hens (93 eggs).

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    Comparative Study of Giriraja and Desi Birds Under Backyard System of Rearing in Farmers Field

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    Sivanandam
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    This study compared the productive performance of Giriraja and Desi chicken breeds under backyard rearing systems in farmers' fields. Key findings include: 1) Giriraja birds reached sexual maturity earlier (156 days) than Desi birds (182 days) and had higher first egg weights (45g vs 38g). 2) At 28 weeks, Giriraja birds weighed significantly more (2.127kg) than Desi birds (1.1kg). 3) Giriraja hens had significantly higher egg production up to 52 weeks (204 eggs) than Desi hens (93 eggs).

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    This study compared the productive performance of Giriraja and Desi chicken breeds under backyard rearing systems in farmers' fields. Key findings include: 1) Giriraja birds reached sexual maturity earlier (156 days) than Desi birds (182 days) and had higher first egg weights (45g vs 38g). 2) At 28 weeks, Giriraja birds weighed significantly more (2.127kg) than Desi birds (1.1kg). 3) Giriraja hens had significantly higher egg production up to 52 weeks (204 eggs) than Desi hens (93 eggs).

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    43 views4 pages

    Comparative Study of Giriraja and Desi Birds Under Backyard System of Rearing in Farmers Field

    Uploaded by

    Sivanandam
    This study compared the productive performance of Giriraja and Desi chicken breeds under backyard rearing systems in farmers' fields. Key findings include: 1) Giriraja birds reached sexual maturity earlier (156 days) than Desi birds (182 days) and had higher first egg weights (45g vs 38g). 2) At 28 weeks, Giriraja birds weighed significantly more (2.127kg) than Desi birds (1.1kg). 3) Giriraja hens had significantly higher egg production up to 52 weeks (204 eggs) than Desi hens (93 eggs).

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    COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GIRIRAJA AND DESI BIRDS UNDER BACKYARD


    SYSTEM OF REARING IN FARMERS FIELD

    Article · November 2015

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    Yogeshpriya Somu
    VETERINARY COLLEGE AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE, ORATHANDU
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    V ETERINARY SCIENCE RESEARCH JOURNAL
    olume 6 | Issue 2 | October, 2015 | 100-102
     DOI : 10.15740/HAS/VSRJ/6.2/100-102
     Visit us - www.researchjournal.co.in
     e ISSN-2230-942X

    RESEARCH
    RTICLE Comparative study of Giriraja and Desi
    birds under backyard system of rearing
    in farmers field
    YOGESHPRIYA SOMU

    AUTHOR FOR CORRESPONDENCE :


    Abstract : Giriraja is a dual purpose bird suitable for backyard rearing and intensive system of
    YOGESHPRIYA SOMU management. Because of its sturdy and resistant nature, it can easily acclimatize itself to any
    Department of Veterinary Medicine,
    Veterinary College and Research
    region and weather. A field level study was undertaken to evaluate efficiency of production
    Institute, ORATHANADU (T.N.) performance of Giriraja and Desi birds in 32 households each 20 birds under backyard system
    INDIA of rearing in Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu state with respect to age at sexual maturity,
    Email:dryogeshpriya@gmail.com,
    s.yogeshpriya@tanuvas.org.in
    average weight at first egg, average live weight at 28th week and hen day egg production at 52
    weeks of age. The average live weight gain of Giriraja birds after 6 months was 2.127 kg which
    was higher than that of Desi birds (1.100kg). Age at sexual maturity was ranged between 155.00-
    157.02 days in Giriraja birds whereas the age at sexual maturity in Desi birds was 181.17- 182.25.
    The mean weight at first egg was 45g in Giriraja whereas 38g in Desi birds. The egg production
    up to 52 wks of age was ranged from 202.56-206.12 in Giriraja and 91.78-93.61 in Desi birds.
    Moreover, the average weight of chicks of Giriraja and Desi birds at day old age observed was
    50.2g and 41.8g, respectively.
    Key words : Giriraja, Desi birds, Backyard system, Rearing
    How to cite this paper : Somu, Yogeshpriya (2015). Comparative study of Giriraja and Desi birds
    under backyard system of rearing in farmers field. Vet. Sci. Res. J., 6(2) : 100-102.
    Paper History : Received : 08.06.2015; Revised : 22.08.2015; Accepted : 27.09.2015

    INTRODUCTION
    Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of the agricultural sector in and around Thanjavur district of Tamil
    Nadu. Under intensive rearing system, indigenous hens laid 100 -110 eggs from starting to ten months of laying. By
    proper selection programme, egg production of Desi hen could be increased up to 135 eggs per year. Productivity of
    indigenous chicken breeds may be doubled with improved diets and management conditions. The indigenous chickens
    have not attained their full production potential due to exposure to risks that influence against their survival and
    productivity under extensive management conditions. However, the research works under field level on age at sexual
    maturity, average weight at first egg, average live weight at 28th week and hen day egg production at 52 weeks of age

    HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE


    YOGESHPRIYA SOMU

    of Desi birds and Giriraja birds are studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the
    productive and reproductive performance, as well as heritability of body weight of indigenous hens and Giriraja birds
    under backyard management system.

    RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
    Present study was undertaken on the Giriraja birds and Desi hens which are maintained by a farmer’s field.
    Data’s were collected from 32 smallholders those are having 20 birds under backyard system of rearing in Thanjavur
    district of Tamil Nadu state with respect to age at sexual maturity, average weight at first egg, average live weight at
    28th week and hen day egg production at 52 weeks of age. Age at sexual maturity of birds observed in all households.
    After sexual maturity, First egg of both Giriraja and Desi bird were collected from 32 houses of each bird. Data were
    analyzed using the General Linear Procedure of SAS (1986) and were subjected to analysis of variance.

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION


    In Tamil Nadu, the rural poultry production system especially in delta areas is typically a smallholder free ranging
    system. Under free-range birds can easily pick up its food the backyards once it learns to scavenge in the household
    surrounding. Under free-range conditions the necessity of supplementary feed/ feed ingredients mostly depends on
    the free area available in the backyards, intensity of vegetation and availability of waste grains, insects, grass seeds
    etc. Pathak and Nath (2013). Age at sexual maturity, average weight at first egg, average live weight at 28th week,
    average day old chick weight and hen day egg production at 52 weeks of age of Desi birds and Giriraja birds
    presented in the Table 1.
    The differences in attaining sexual maturity might be due to the genetic differences. Cross-breeding results in
    early sexual maturity compared with pure-bred hens. Sexual maturity tends to be attained at later ages for heavier
    breeds. This character is also influenced by many environmental factors, such as temperature, nutrition and day
    length. In the present study, mean egg weight of Giriraja birds was significantly high (Zaman et al., 2015). Whereas
    age at sexual maturity was shorter in Giriraja birds when compared to desibirds as suggested by Neupane et al.
    (2014). The egg weight of Giriraja chicken reported by Semmaran et al. (2008) was in close agreement with our
    study. The average egg weight of first lay (g) was higher (P<0.05) in Giriraja than the Desi birds. Significant effect
    of breed on body weight was observed in Giriraja showing superiority over Desi birds. Effect of sex on body weight
    was also found significant. The average twenty eighth week body weight was observed higher in Giriraja male,
    followed by Giriraja female, Desi bird male and Desi hens Shrestha et al. (2004). This was in disagreement with
    Ramappa and Lokanath (1985). The age at which desi birds start laying eggs ranges from 181.17- 182.25 days. Egg
    production upto 52nd week as well as average weight of day old chicks of Giriraja birds are significantly varied from
    Desi birds. The hen day production were significantly more (P<0.05) in Giriraja than the Desi birds during both early
    and peak laying periods This was in agreement with Bharambe and Garud (2012). The data on chick-egg ratio have
    shown that newly hatched chicks in the Giriraja birds had higher than chicks in the Desi birds. Chick weight was
    influenced by egg weight. This was in correlation with Faruque et al. (2013).
    Egg production and body weight of Giriraja birds were higher than for the local chickens kept under farmer’s

    Table 1 : Comparison between giriraja and desi birds


    Sr. No. Parameters Giriraja birds Desi birds
    1. Average age at sexual maturity (days) 156.01±0.4a 181.71±0.2
    2. Average weight of first egg (g) 45±0.5a 38±0.3
    th
    3. Average weight at 28 week (kg) 2.127±0.8a 1.100±0.1
    4. Average egg production upto 52 weeks (Nos) 204.34±0.59a 92.69±0.4
    5. Average weight of day old chicks (g) 50.2±0.2a 41.8±0.5
    Means with superscripts a in a row differ significantly (P< 0.05)

    Vet. Sci. Res. J.; 6 (2); (Oct., 2015) : 100-102


    HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE
    101
    COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GIRIRAJA & DESI BIRDS UNDER BACKYARD SYSTEM OF REARING IN FARMERS FIELD

    condition as suggested by Fassill et al. (2010) which indicates that cross breeding has potential for improving
    economically important traits. The economic return from the poultry largely depends on characters like body weight,
    age at sexual maturity, egg production, egg weight and other egg quality traits. Knowledge of these parameters is
    essential to decide selection programme for overall improvement and hence, the present investigation has been
    undertaken to help the small hold farmers for selecting giriraja birds over Desi birds.

    LITERATURE CITED
    Bekele, Fassill, Adnoy, T., Gjoen, H.M., Kathle, J. and Abebe, Girma (2010). Production performance of dual purpose crosses of two
    indigenous with two exotic chicken breeds in sub-tropical environment. Internat. J. Poult Sci., 9 (7): 702-710.
    Bharambe, V.Y. and Garud, P.K. (2012). Comparative performance of some improved poultry crossbreds under Konkan region of India.
    Indian J. Hill Farm., 25(1): 48-52.
    Faruque, S., Islam, M.S., Afroz, M.A. and Rahmane, M.M. (2013). Evaluation of the performance of native chicken and estimation of
    heritability for body weight. J.Bangladesh Acad. Sci., 37 (1): 93-101.
    Neupane, D., Karki, M. and Shrestha, S.B. (2014). Intensive management of new hampshire Giriraja chickens for generating premium cash
    income. Nepal J. Sci.& Technol.,15(2): 23-28.
    Pathak, P.K. and Nath, B.G. (2013). Rural poultry farming with improved breed of backyard chicken. J. World’s Poult. Res., 3(1): 24-27.
    Ramappa, B.C. and Lokanath, G.R. (1985). Giriraja, a miracle fowl for villagers/tribals.Department of Poultry Science, University of
    Agricultural Sciences, Hebbal Campus, Banglore (KARNATAKA) INDIA.
    Semmaran, M., Sasidhar, P.V.K., Majumdar, S., Chander, Mahesh and Tripathi, Hema (2008). Adoption behaviour of Giriraja backyard
    poultry by farmers in Karnataka. Indian J. Poultry Sci., 43 (3): 343-345.
    Shrestha, S.B., Mandal, P. and Sah, R.B.(2004). Studies on production traits in Giriraja chicken. In: Proceedings of the sixth national
    workshop on livestock and fisheries research 1-2 July,1-24pp.
    Zaman, M.A., Sorensen, P. and Howlider, M.A.R. (2015). Egg production performances of a breed and three crossbreeds under semi-
    scavenging system of management. Livestock Res. Rural Develop.,16 (8).

    6Year
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     of Excellence 

    Vet. Sci. Res. J.; 6 (2); (Oct., 2015) : 100-102


    102 HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE

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