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Problem Set No. 3

The document contains 11 chemistry problems involving reaction rates and kinetics. The problems cover a range of topics including: determining rates of change for reactants from given rates; calculating rate constants from experimental data; deriving rate laws and mechanisms; using rate constants to determine activation energies and predict reaction progress over time.

Uploaded by

CJ Gorada
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
363 views

Problem Set No. 3

The document contains 11 chemistry problems involving reaction rates and kinetics. The problems cover a range of topics including: determining rates of change for reactants from given rates; calculating rate constants from experimental data; deriving rate laws and mechanisms; using rate constants to determine activation energies and predict reaction progress over time.

Uploaded by

CJ Gorada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. If the reaction N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 has d[H2]/dt = -0.

006 mol/L-s at a certain instant, what is d[N2]/dt at that


instant?

2. The first-order reaction 2A →2B + C is 35% complete after 325 s. (a) Find k and kA, where kA is defined in (16.11).
(b) How long will it take for the reaction to be 70% complete? 90% complete?

3. For the gas-phase reaction 2NO2 + F2 →2NO2F, the rate constant k is 38 dm3 mol-1 s-1 at 27°C. The reaction is
firstorder in NO2 and first-order in F2. (a) Calculate the number of moles of NO2, F2, and NO2F present after 10.0 s if
2.00 mol of NO2 is mixed with 3.00 mol of F2 in a 400-dm3 vessel at 27°C. (b) For the system of (a), calculate the
initial reaction rate and the rate after 10.0 s.

4. The reaction n-C3H7Br + S2O3-2 → C3H7S2O3- + Br- in aqueous solution is first order in C3H7Br and first-order in
S2O32- At 37.5°C, the following data were obtained (where c°is 1 mol/dm3 and 1 ks = 103 s):
103[S2O3 2_]/c° 96.6 90.4 86.3 76.6 66.8
t/ks 0 1.110 2.010 5.052 11.232
The initial C3H7Br concentration was 39.5 mmol/dm3. Find the rate constant using a graphical method.

5. For the reaction A + B →C + D, a run with [A]0 =400 mmol dm_3 and [B]0 = 0.400 mmol dm_3 gave the following
data (where c° = 1 mol/dm3):
t/s 0 120 240 360 α
104[C]/c° 0 2.00 3.00 3.50 4.00
and a run with [A]0 = 0.400 mmol dm and [B]0 = 1000mmol dm_3 gave
_3

10_3t/s 0 69 208 485 α


104[C]/c° 0 2.00 3.00 3.50 4.00
Find the rate law and the rate constant. The numbers have been chosen to make determination of the orders simple.

6. The gas-phase reaction 2NO2 + F2 →2NO2F has r = k[NO2][F2]. Devise a mechanism consistent with this rate law.

7. For the gas-phase reaction 2HI → H2 + I2, values of k are 1.2 x 10_3 and 3.0 x 10-5 dm3 mol-1 s-1 at 700 and 629 K,
respectively. Estimate Ea and A.

8. (a) Find the activation energy of a reaction whose rate constant is multiplied by 6.50 when T is increased from 300.0 K
to 310.0 K. (b) For a reaction with Ea=19 kJ/mol (4.5 kcal/mol), by what factor is k multiplied when T increases from
300.0 K to310.0 K?

9. A second-order reaction of the type A + B  P was carried out in a solution that was initially 0.050 mol dm-3 in A
and 0.080 mol dm-3 in B. After 1.0 h the concentration of A had fallen to 0.020 mol dm-3. (a) Calculate the rate
constant. (b) What is the half-life of the reactants?

10. For a reversible first order reaction


kf
A B
kb
kf = 10-2 s-1 and Kc = 4. If the initial concentration of B is zero. What concentration of A is
needed to yield 1.0 M of B in 30 minutes?
238
11. The first three steps in the decay of U are

238    234
U  234Th  234Pa U

If we start with pure 238U , what fraction will be 234Th after 1 year?
238
t½ of U = 4.5 x 109 y , 234Th = 24.1 d

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