3225 C Instruction Manual: Compound 2-Stage Screw Compressor
3225 C Instruction Manual: Compound 2-Stage Screw Compressor
3225 C Instruction Manual: Compound 2-Stage Screw Compressor
3225LLLC/3225LLMC/3225LLSC/3225LLC/3225LMC/3225LSC
3225MLC/3225MMC/3225MSC/3225SLC/3225SMC/3225SSC
CAUTION
Before operating, servicing, or inspecting this product, read this manual thoroughly to fully
understand the contents.
Keep this Instruction Manual in a safe, designated place for future reference whenever the
manual is needed.
Specifications of this product and contents of this manual are subject to change without
prior notice due to technical improvements, and the like.
2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Preface
Preface
Thank you for purchasing the C-series compound 2-stage screw compressor 3225**C
(hereinafter referred to as "this product").
This Instruction Manual (hereinafter referred to as "this manual") provides safety information and
operation and maintenance procedures, so that users correctly understand how to handle this product
and, as a result, can use it safely and efficiently. This manual is applicable to the following models:
* -51 (-61) may not be written. For more information, see 2.2 "Model designation of the compressor"
in this manual Chapter 2.
Make sure you read this manual before installing or using this product.
Keep this manual in a safe place near this product for quick reference.
Revision History
Title Document No. First edition issue date
Revision
Issue date Major Contents of revisions Created/approved by:
No.
00 Nov. 14, 2014 Overall review associated with reissue as Ikehara / Hirao
electronic document, document No. change
01 Apr. 30, 2015 Modified the constitution of Chapter 4 and Ikehara / Muta
Chapter 5. Correction of describing, etc.
Warranty
MAYEKAWA shall repair or replace parts of this product for no charge if any failure resulting from
defects in design or manufacture occurs, under normal use with the purpose and method that are in
accordance with the specifications of this product and this manual, within the warranty period.
The warranty period is "12 months from factory shipment of this product". If there is a separate
agreement, that agreement shall prevail in principle.
MAYEKAWA is not liable for production or man-made disaster compensation due to malfunction or
damage of this product.
Disclaimer of Warranty
Although MAYEKAWA warrants the clauses mentioned above, the following clauses are exempted.
Malfunction or damage of this product caused by natural disaster, or other accidental forces
(such as fire, thunderbolt, windstorm, intense rainfall, flood, tidal wave, earthquake, land
subsidence, etc.).
Malfunction or damage caused by misusage described below.
Malfunctions, damage, or deterioration of this product due to abnormal or improper use
(including improperly storing this product outdoors or under too hot/humid conditions,
unexpected inspections, tests, operations, too frequent liquid flow-back operation*, and
too frequent start-stop cycles, etc.).
Malfunction or damage caused by devices or equipments not provided by MAYEKAWA
including operation control methods of those devices.
Malfunction or damage caused by refrigerants, gases, or refrigerant oils, and operating
conditions (design conditions) not approved for this product.
Malfunction or damage caused by maintenance or inspection not recommended by
MAYEKAWA.
Malfunction or damage caused by parts that are not genuine.
Malfunction or damage caused by remodeling the product without approval of
MAYEKAWA.
Malfunction or damage caused by unexpected misusage
Important Information
[Lockout] To lock with a key in order to keep people, except the workers involved, from
operating the product.
Lockout means disconnecting or keeping disconnected machines and devices by locking their energy
(power) sources. Lockout is not just simply turning off the power switches to stop the supply of power,
but includes immobilizing them with a key or similar device to keep any blocked switches from being
operated.
Lockout devices are devices such as keys, covers, and latches, to immobilize switches, valves,
opening and closing levers, etc., with a state of being locked.
[Tagout] To prevent any inappropriate work by hanging tag plates indicating "work in progress".
Tagout means to clearly indicate, by hanging tag plates, that a device is in lockout and that operation of
the device is prohibited. Tag plates forbidding operation, starting, opening, etc. are warnings clearly
stating to not operate energy (power) sources, and are not for stopping blocking devices.
Observe the following precautions when performing maintenance work on electrical control.
Electrical maintenance of the product must be performed by certified/qualified personnel and
only those educated about the electrical control of the product.
Before servicing or inspecting the electrical equipment or devices, turn "OFF" the motor main
power and control power, and perform lockout/tagout to prevent the power from being turned
on during work.
Even when the motor main power and control power are turned "OFF", this product may be turned on if
the power is supplied from outside the package unit. Make sure the power supply on the power source
side is shut off, and perform lockout/tagout to prevent the product from being turned on during work.
Warranty
MAYEKAWA shall repair or replace parts of this product for no charge if any failure resulting from
defects in design or manufacture occurs, under normal use with the purpose and method that are in
accordance with the specifications of this product and this manual, within the warranty period.
The warranty period is "12 months from factory shipment of this product". If there is a separate
agreement, that agreement shall prevail in principle.
MAYEKAWA is not liable for production or man-made disaster compensation due to malfunction or
damage of this product.
Disclaimer of Warranty
Although MAYEKAWA warrants the clauses mentioned above, the following clauses are exempted.
Malfunction or damage of this product caused by natural disaster, or other accidental forces
(such as fire, thunderbolt, windstorm, intense rainfall, flood, tidal wave, earthquake, land
subsidence, etc.).
Malfunction or damage caused by misusage described below.
Malfunctions, damage, or deterioration of this product due to abnormal or improper use
(including improperly storing this product outdoors or under too hot/humid conditions,
unexpected inspections, tests, operations, too frequent liquid flow-back operation*, and
too frequent start-stop cycles, etc.).
Malfunction or damage caused by devices or equipments not provided by MAYEKAWA
including operation control methods of those devices.
Malfunction or damage caused by refrigerants, gases, or refrigerant oils, and operating
conditions (design conditions) not approved for this product.
Malfunction or damage caused by maintenance or inspection not recommended by
MAYEKAWA.
Malfunction or damage caused by parts that are not genuine.
Malfunction or damage caused by remodeling the product without approval of
MAYEKAWA.
Malfunction or damage caused by unexpected misusage
Important Information
[Lockout] To lock with a key in order to keep people, except the workers involved, from
operating the product.
Lockout means disconnecting or keeping disconnected machines and devices by locking their energy
(power) sources. Lockout is not just simply turning off the power switches to stop the supply of power,
but includes immobilizing them with a key or similar device to keep any blocked switches from being
operated.
Lockout devices are devices such as keys, covers, and latches, to immobilize switches, valves,
opening and closing levers, etc., with a state of being locked.
[Tagout] To prevent any inappropriate work by hanging tag plates indicating "work in progress".
Tagout means to clearly indicate, by hanging tag plates, that a device is in lockout and that operation of
the device is prohibited. Tag plates forbidding operation, starting, opening, etc. are warnings clearly
stating to not operate energy (power) sources, and are not for stopping blocking devices.
Observe the following precautions when performing maintenance work on electrical control.
Electrical maintenance of the product must be performed by certified/qualified personnel and
only those educated about the electrical control of the product.
Before servicing or inspecting the electrical equipment or devices, turn "OFF" the motor main
power and control power, and perform lockout/tagout to prevent the power from being turned
on during work.
Even when the motor main power and control power are turned "OFF", this product may be turned on if
the power is supplied from outside the package unit. Make sure the power supply on the power source
side is shut off, and perform lockout/tagout to prevent the product from being turned on during work.
Table of Contents
Preface .................................................................................................................... ⅰ
Revision History ..................................................................................................... ⅰ
Warranty and Disclaimer ....................................................................................... ⅱ
Important Information ............................................................................................ ⅲ
Intended Use of This Product ........................................................................................... ⅲ
Important Information for Safe Use of This Product .......................................................... ⅲ
About This Manual ............................................................................................................. ⅳ
Construction of This Manual .............................................................................................. ⅳ
Table of Contents ................................................................................................... ⅴ
Chapter 1 Safety
1.1 Strict Requirements and Prohibitions........................................................ 1-1
1.1.1 Strict Requirements (Do’s)................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1.1 Do’s on Operation ........................................................................................ 1-1
1.1.1.2 Do’s on Maintenance ................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1.3 Do’s on Lockout/Tagout after Shutting Off the Power ................................. 1-1
1.1.1.4 Do’s about Personal Protective Gear .......................................................... 1-2
1.1.1.5 Do’s about Handling of Hazardous and Toxic Substances.......................... 1-2
1.1.1.6 Do’s about Handling Emergency Situations ................................................ 1-2
1.1.1.7 Do’s about Waste Oil, Fluid, and Materials ................................................. 1-2
1.1.1.8 Other Do’s.................................................................................................... 1-3
1.1.2 Prohibitions (Don’ts) ......................................................................................... 1-3
1.2 Warnings ....................................................................................................... 1-3
1.3 Residual Risks ............................................................................................. 1-4
1.4 Safety Devices .............................................................................................. 1-6
1.4.1 Emergency Stop Button ....................................................................................... 1-6
1.4.2 Breakers of motor main power and control power
(with Lockout/Tagout Mechanism) ...................................................................... 1-6
1.4.3 Compressor Protective Devices .......................................................................... 1-7
Chapter 3 Installation
3.1 General Precautions for Installation .......................................................... 3-1
3.2 Installation Works ........................................................................................ 3-1
3.2.1 Unpacking ............................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2.2 Storage ................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2.3 Transportation ...................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2.4 Preparation for Installation ................................................................................... 3-4
3.2.5 Installation ............................................................................................................ 3-5
3.2.5.1 Installation.................................................................................................... 3-5
3.2.5.2 Shaft Alignment between the Compressor and Driving Machine ................ 3-5
3.2.5.3 Piping Connection ....................................................................................... 3-6
3.2.5.4 Equipment and Devices for Protection of the Compressor ......................... 3-6
3.2.6 Airtightness Test .................................................................................................. 3-7
3.2.7 Lubricating Oil Charge ......................................................................................... 3-7
3.2.7.1 Initial Charge of Lubricating Oil ................................................................... 3-7
3.2.7.2 Additional Charge of Lubricating Oil ............................................................ 3-7
3.2.8 Charge of Refrigerant .......................................................................................... 3-7
3.2.9 Check after Installation ........................................................................................ 3-7
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
01: Compressor does not start up ............................................................................ 6-1
02: Compressor stops immediately after startup ................................................... 6-1
03: Unusually low pressure (decrease of suction pressure) ................................. 6-2
04: Low oil pressure (low lubricating oil supply pressure) ................................... 6-2
05: Intermediate pressure is unusually high ........................................................... 6-3
06: Unusually high pressure (abnormal discharge pressure) ............................... 6-4
07: Discharge temperature is abnormally high ....................................................... 6-5
08: Leak from mechanical seal ................................................................................. 6-6
09: Squeaking of mechanical seal ............................................................................ 6-7
10: Capacity control position is indicated incorrectly ........................................... 6-7
11: Capacity control malfunction.............................................................................. 6-8
12: Compressor generates abnormal vibration and/or sound .............................. 6-9
Contact Information
Sales 0ffices/Service Centers ..................................................................... Contact-1
Sales Offices in Japan ........................................................................................... Contact-1
Manufacturing Bases in Japan............................................................................... Contact-1
Global Network....................................................................................................... Contact-2
NORTH AMERICA ........................................................................................................ Contact-2
EUROPE and AFRICA .................................................................................................. Contact-2
ASIA PACIFIC ............................................................................................................... Contact-3
LATIN AMERICA ........................................................................................................... Contact-5
Chapter 1 Safety
1.1 Strict Requirements and Prohibitions
1.1.1 Strict Requirements (Do’s)
1.1.1.1 Do’s on Operation
Make sure to install safety and protective devices on the package unit.
Regularly inspect the safety and protective devices if they function properly.
If the safety or protective devices do not work properly or if this product operates abnormally,
immediately stop the operation and report to the supervisor. Obtain his/her approval and
direction before restarting the compressor.
If this product stops for unknown reasons, immediately inform your supervisor of it. Obtain
his/her approval before restarting the compressor.
Some types of refrigerants emit bad smell or toxic gases when they leak. Make sure to
ventilate the air during operation.
For the properties of refrigerant and lubricating oil (corrosiveness, decomposability or toxicity),
be sure to obtain the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and follow the relevant information.
When stopping the operation of this product, close the suction and discharge side shut-off
valves and turn "OFF" the motor (main power), heater power, and control power.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 1.1 Strict Requirements and Prohibitions
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 1 Safety
If there are any possibilities of danger during works (especially during cleaning, maintenance
and inspection, and troubleshooting), turn "OFF" the motor main power and control power, and
perform lockout/tagout.
In the following situations, workers may neglect to perform power source shutoff or
lockout/tagout. Clearly notify the workers of the necessity of lockout/tagout.
It is assumed that workers do not perform lockout/tagout before starting work because it is
troublesome, and only turn "OFF" the main motor and control power.
It is assumed that workers only turn off the main motor and control power and do not
lockout/tagout the main motor and control power, because they judge that there is no
danger.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 1.1 Strict Requirements and Prohibitions
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 1 Safety
1.2 Warnings
The warning messages described in this manual warn dangerous situations that may arise during work
by using the following four categories.
Neglecting such warnings may cause accidents, resulting in personal injury or even death.
Also, this product or its auxiliary equipment may be heavily damaged. Therefore, be sure to always
observe the instructions of the warnings.
Symbol Meaning
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could very likely cause
serious injury or death.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may cause serious
injury or death.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may cause minor
or moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in
property damage.
Check the safety devices after turning on the power and before operation of this
product. If they do not operate normally, immediately take repair or replace
safeties before starting this product.
Installation Positions
On the control board and in the operation control room
Stop/Restoration Methods
The operating procedures for the emergency stop button, i.e., how to stop the operation and restore
the normal operating condition, must be clearly defined and the information provided to the user of
this product.
Inspection Method/Cycle
The emergency stop buttons must be tested before commissioning and must also be periodically
re-tested after that. The inspection procedures and the inspection interval for the emergency stop
button must be clearly defined and the information provided to the user of this product.
Inspection Method/Cycle
The inspection procedures and the inspection interval for the lockout/tagout devices, must be
clearly defined and the information provided to the user of this product.
Be sure to adjust the set values and check operation of the protective devices at
the commissioning.
Overview/Function/Purpose
These protective devices are used to protect this product.
Protecting from discharge temperature rise (DT)
This device activates and stops the compressor operation when the compressor discharge
temperature gets equal to or higher than the set value.
Install a temperature sensing port to the discharge pipe.
Inspection Method/Cycle
Compressor protective devices require operation tests and confirmation of the settings calibration
before commissioning as well as at regular intervals.
Specify the inspection methods/intervals of the compressor protection devices, and make sure to
provide users of this product with such information.
In the operation test, check that alarms and protective devices operate normally
by using devices such as pressure tester. Do not operate the compressor with all
the valves closed, or in any other dangerous conditions.
If the protection from oil pressure (OP), high pressure (HP) activates, do not
restart operation until the cause of activation is removed.
*3225**C-*B*-51/61
5: Power frequency (6: 60Hz)
1: Indicates that it is a motor directly connected type.
* Unless specifically specified, machines manufactured in
September, 2010 or after do not have this indication engraved
on their nameplate.
Vi (volume ratio) specified for the high-stage discharge port,
standard value of which is L or M
Means a booster (low-stage machine)
Vi (volume ratio) specified for the low-stage discharge port, standard
value of which is L or M
Stands for Compound (compound 2-stage machine)
Specifications of high-stage rotor length, which is L, M or S
Specifications of low-stage rotor length, which is LL, L, M or S
High-stage rotor diameter of 250
Low-stage rotor diameter of 320
Indicates working fluid
(Example: N = Ammonia, F= Fluorocarbon, P = Propane, HE = Helium)
Unless otherwise noted, the pressure unit MPa represents the gauge pressure
in this manual.
For limits of working temperature and pressure, see "2.3.2 Operation Limits" in
this manual.
Unless otherwise noted, the pressure unit MPa represents the gauge pressure
in this manual.
For limits of working temperature and pressure, see "2.3.2 Operation Limits" in
this manual.
If operation at partial load, which is not greater than 30 % of the indicated load, is
continued for a long time except when starting up the machine, abnormal noises
or vibration may be generated. So avoid such operation.
Repeated startup and stop in a short period is harmful not for the startup devices
and electric machinery but also for the compressor itself. For information on the
start/stop limitations, refer to each instruction manual. Wait at least 15 minutes
after stopping the compressor before restarting it.
For names and locations of each part of the compressor, refer to Section 7.1 "Development
Views, Assembly Sectional Views" and Section 7.2 "Parts Configuration Table" in this manual.
Low-stage
High-stage compressor compressor
Figure 2-13 3225**C Screw Compressor Sectional Views
The 3225**C model, a compound 2-stage compressor, consists of two compressors, (i) a low-stage
compressor which suctions gas, working fluid, from the refrigerating unit and compresses (pressure-raises)
the gas and (ii) a high-stage compressor which furthermore compresses the gas that has been
pressure-raised by the low-stage compressor and sends the resulting gas to the equipment side.
In each casing (low-stage, high-stage), two screw rotors are supported on both ends by bearings. They are
meshed with each other in a joint assembly. These two screw rotors are a set of a male rotor having 4
protruding lobe profiles (M rotor) and a female rotor having 6 concave lobe profiles (F rotor). They conduct
compressing according to the mechanism explained below.
The standard compressor's M rotor is driven by a 2-pole motor; it operates at 3000 min-1 (50 Hz) or 3600
min-1 (60 Hz). F rotor operates at 2000 min-1 (50 Hz) or 2400 min-1 (60 Hz), conforming to the operation of M
rotor.
* The actual speed of a motor is less than its calculated speed (synchronous speed). This difference is
caused by slipping of the motor rotor.
The shaft of the low-stage compressor's M rotor which is linked with the motor has a shaft seal block that
keeps gas and lubricating oil from escaping from inside the compressor.
For high efficient operation, the 3225**C model has a capacity control mechanism for coping with load
change on the low-stage, and a capacity control mechanism for reducing startup load on the high-stage.
2.5 Mechanisms
As Vi is affected by the constant of the refrigerant gas, its value that corresponds to the compression
ratio will change depending on the refrigerant gas.
Figure 2-19 Relationship between Volume ratio (Vi) and Operation Conditions
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 2.6 Gas and Oil Flow
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 2 Compressor Specifications and Structure
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 2.6 Gas and Oil Flow
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 3 Installation
Chapter 3 Installation
3.1 General Precautions for Installation
This chapter (Installation) assumes that the compressor is installed to a standard refrigeration /
cold storage/gas compression package unit.
If the package unit you are actually using is not the standard type refrigeration/cold storage/gas
compression package unit, prepare a proper installation manual by referring to the description in
this chapter and paying due consideration to safety, before installing the compressor.
If there are any questions, please contact our local sales offices or service centers.
In some cases, it may be required that installation is performed by qualified personnel. Make
sure that the work is performed by qualified personnel in compliance with local laws,
ordinances and other regulations/requirements.
Before installing the compressor, please read this chapter and related documents attentively
and fully understand their contents.
Electrical works should be performed only by electrical engineers.
If there are abnormalities or deficient parts on the compressor, please contact our sales offices
or service centers immediately.
Unnecessary packing materials should be discarded according to the laws and ordinances, or
your company's rules.
3.2.2 Storage
If you need to store the compressor before installation, perform the followings:
Store it indoors.
Infuse nitrogen gas into the compressor and seal it. (Pressure: Approximately 0.15 Mpa )
3.2.3 Transportation
Dropping of the lifted compressor may cause death or serious injury to the worker.
Do not stand under the lifted compressor.
1. For lifting the compressor within the safety limit, use lifting equipment and tools appropriate for the
mass of compressor.
2. Secure sufficient space for safe lifting.
3. Always check the wire ropes before using them. Thoroughly check the wire ropes for problems
such as kinks, knots and broken strands. Do not perform lifting before confirming the safety of the
wire ropes. If you cannot make a correct evaluation or judgment, entrust an expert to check.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 3.1 General Precautions for Installation
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 3 Installation
4. To lift the compressor, attach the wire ropes to the appended eye bolts by using appropriate
shackles and hooks. Refer to Figure 3-1 and Photo 002 in next page.
Use the eye bolts only for lifting the compressor. Do not use the eye bolts when lifting the
compressor together with additive equipment.
The compressor eye bolts must not be used for lifting the package unit. To lift the
package unit, use the lifting chains provided around the base or other lifting means
provided on the base.
5. Check path of compressor installation to make sure it is free of obstacles in consideration of the
compressor size.
6. Before lifting, check that the hook is located above the gravity center of the compressor.
7. Direct all the workers to stay clear of the work site before lifting.
8. Before lifting the compressor, alert all workers in area of dangers during lifting process by signal
(such as calling at the beginning of the work or making a signal by hand). Do not lift the
compressor unless the signals (such as calling out or hand signals) are completely understood by
the workers at site.
9. Slowly reel up the wire ropes until immediately before the compressor leaves the ground.
10. Then, reel up the wire ropes a little further until the compressor is slightly up away from the ground.
Check that the compressor is not tilted. If the compressor is tilted, return the compressor to the
ground and correct the tilt by adjusting the wire ropes. After that, restart the lifting operation.
11. Be sure to lift up the compressor slowly. If it is lifted rapidly, it may damage the lifting tools such as
wire ropes or a part of the compressor.
12. When the lifting work starts, observe to see if wire ropes and lifting tools are normal. Be sure that
the compressor is not tilted.
13. When moving the lifted compressor, always use guiding ropes.
14. When moving the compressor, turn away workers from the movement direction and check safety.
15. Do not lift the compressor above the safety passage unless absolutely necessary.
16. Do not lower the compressor on the safety passage. Always keep the safety passage free of
obstacles.
17. Remove any obstacles before lowering the compressor onto the ground. The compressor should
not be tilted or unstable.
18. Before lowering the compressor, announce to the workers around the working area in advance.
19. When lowering the compressor onto two or more blocks, align the tops of blocks so that the
compressor becomes stable horizontally on them.
20. Slowly lower the lifted compressor so that it is not damaged by shock.
Illumination
Prepare illumination devices which allow easy operation, cleaning, maintenance, and inspection.
Ventilation
If natural ventilation is insufficient, install ventilation fans according to the relevant regulations.
Piping
Table 3-1 List of Connecting Pipes (Compressor)
D t g C N-h y
20A 100 4 51 75 4-M12×P1.75 21
25A 125 5 61 90 4-M16×P2 24
32A 135 5 71 100 4-M16×P2 30
40A 140 5 76 105 4-M16×P2 22
150A 305 5 216 260 12-M22×P2.5 35
200A 350 5 261 305 12-M22×P2.5 40
350A 540 5 480 480 16-M30×P3 (Special thread) 50
Figure 3-2 JIS20K Flange Dimensions of Compressor (mm)
3.2.5 Installation
3.2.5.1 Installation
Check that the surface of the package unit, where the compressor is to be installed, is even and
horizontal. If it is uneven and non-horizontal, tightening the bolts may lead to compressor deformation,
which may hinder normal operation.
Turn off the main power and control power of the driving machine before shaft alignment
work between the compressor and the driving machine. Be careful so that the power of
instruments does not turn on during shaft alignment work. If the power turns on during
shaft alignment work, the driving machine starts moving and there is a risk of being
entangled with the rotating shaft.
At the time of turning ON/OFF each electric power breaker, make sure to prevent
electric shock.
For shaft alignment work between the compressor and driving machine, use designated
tools in normal condition. If a worn or damaged tool or a tool unsuitable for the work is
used, there is a risk of being injured.
In the case shaft alignment between this product and the driving machine, be sure that the deviations
within the range shown in the Table 3–2. However, if alignment tolerance of the driving machine side is
more stringent than Table 3-2, please adjust to the request within the allowable value of the driving
machine side.
Table 3–2 Tolerance of Misalignment
Tolerance
Offset 6/100 mm
Angularity 3/100 mm (reference: Φ100 mm)
The Figure 3–3 and 3–4 show how to measure offset and angularity when performing the centering of
the shafts of the driving machine and this product using a dedicated hub, a dial gauge and a magnet
stand.
Suction Strainer
When compatible (inter-soluble) oil is used, the mesh size of suction strainer should be not less
than 200 meshes. When incompatible (non- inter-soluble) oil is used, it should be not less than 100
meshes.
For details about compatible and incompatible oils, see Section 4.1 "Lubricating Oil (Refrigerant
Oil)" in this manual Chapter 4.
During the commissioning, small particles and scale may come from the system. We recommend
installing a finer filter temporarily.
TO select the lubricating oil to be used, refer to Section 4.1 "Lubricating Oil
(Refrigerant Oil)" in this manual.
When refilling lubricating oil, ensure that it is clean and does not contain foreign
matters.
Be careful that air and water are not mixed in when refilling.
To ensure that the lubricating oil does not absorb air moisture, keep it indoors in an
airtight container until use.
Be careful since polyolester synthetic oil (POE) must not be used with ammonia
refrigerant.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 4.1 Lubricating Oil (Refrigerant Oil)
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 4 Operation of Compressor and Unit
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 4.1 Lubricating Oil (Refrigerant Oil)
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 4 Operation of Compressor and Unit
When using lubricating oil of a brand not described in this section, or when using
lubricating oil along with refrigerants or gases not described in this Section, please
contact us.
The change of lubricating oil brand may cause problems in operating conditions and
the compressor. When changing the lubricating oil brand in use, make sure to
contact us because appropriate steps must be surely followed.
Package unit composition differs depending on the characteristics of lubricating oil
(compatible/incompatible with refrigerant). As a general rule, changing compatible oil
to incompatible oil or vice versa is not allowed.
Lubricating oil contains various additives to fulfill necessary lubricating conditions. Types of
additives and their mixing ratio depend on each oil brand. We, therefore, recommend to avoid
mixed use of different brands of lubricating oil. If mixed brands of lubricating oil are used, the
different additives in the lubricating oil may react with each other and produce foreign
substances like slurry.
If it is necessary to change the brand of lubricating oil, collect as much as oil as possible from
the compressor as well as from the condenser, evaporator, and all other refrigerating unit
components before charging the new lubricating oil. After 100 to 200 hours of operation, replace
the oil again.
When changing the lubricating oil for one of a different brand, be sure to ask the lubricating oil
supplier whether such change does not cause any problem. In particular, before changing
current lubricating oil for new one by a different supplier, ask both manufacturers for any
possible problems that may result from the lubricating oil change.
There is no problem in changing the viscosity level within the same brand. However, make sure
that the viscosity grade will not cause problems during operation. (Example : SUNISO
3GS→SUNISO 4GS)
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 4.1 Lubricating Oil (Refrigerant Oil)
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2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 4 Operation of Compressor and Unit
Do not perform oil charging in rainy weather or at a place with high humidity to prevent
absorbing moisture.
Before charging, remove as much moisture as possible from the system by exhausting it with
a vacuum pump for a sufficient length of time and leaving the system in vacuum condition
overnight.
Do not open the lid of pail (oil container) until just before charging. Once the can is opened,
finish the oil charge as quickly as possible. (Finish the charge of a single can of oil within 15
minutes.)
Cover any gaps between the pail opening and the charge hose so that foreign substances or
moisture cannot enter. A more effective way is to substitute any space inside the pail with
nitrogen gas .
Always charge all oil from the pail. Even if some oil remains, do not use it subsequently.
If any oil drops on a painted surface, wipe it away as soon as possible. Otherwise the paint
may come off.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 4.1 Lubricating Oil (Refrigerant Oil)
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Chapter 4 Operation of Compressor and Unit
The analysis items and the criteria are shown in the following tables. Please note that these
management criteria may be changed without notice.
Note 1: Synthetic oils (compatible with ammonia) are so highly hygroscopic that they can absorb
moisture at the time of sampling. In addition, the ammonia content they have absorbed may
be detected as the water content at the time of the analysis, making it difficult to precisely
measure the water content. Thus, use the criterion value only as a reference.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 4.1 Lubricating Oil (Refrigerant Oil)
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Chapter 4 Operation of Compressor and Unit
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 4.1 Lubricating Oil (Refrigerant Oil)
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Chapter 4 Operation of Compressor and Unit
Some types of refrigerants emit bad smells or toxic gases. Make sure to ventilate the
air during work.
When handling fluorocarbon refrigerants, remember that they are prohibited from
being purged into air by law.
If there is a leak on the low-pressure side of the system, air may enter the package unit.
If non-condensable gas like air enters the package unit, the condensing pressure rises and the energy
consumption increases. This leads to uneconomical operation.
Follow the procedure below to check for non-condensable gases.
1. When the compressor is stopped, allow the cooling water to flow to the unit's condenser for at
least 15 minutes. Check the condensing pressure by using the pressure gauge of the compressor.
2. Check the cooling water temperature.
3. Compare the condensing pressure checked in step 1 above with the refrigerant saturation
pressure that depends on the cooling water temperature (as shown in the table below).
Table 4-4 Typical Refrigerant Temperature and Saturation Pressure
Pressure MPa
Temperature °C
Ammonia R404A R507A R410A R134a
0 0.328 0.509 0.523 0.699 0.192
4 0.396 0.590 0.606 0.807 0.237
8 0.472 0.678 0.696 0.924 0.287
12 0.557 0.775 0.795 1.053 0.342
16 0.652 0.881 0.903 1.193 0.403
20 0.756 0.996 1.021 1.346 0.471
24 0.871 1.121 1.148 1.513 0.545
28 0.998 1.256 1.286 1.693 0.626
32 1.137 1.401 1.435 1.887 0.714
36 1.289 1.559 1.595 2.098 0.811
40 1.454 1.728 1.768 2.324 0.916
■ Unless otherwise noted, the pressure unit MPa represents the gauge pressure in this manual.
4. When the pressure inside the condenser and the refrigerant saturation pressure that depends on
the cooling water temperature are approximately equivalent, non-condensable gases do not exist.
When the pressure inside the condenser is 0.05 MPa or more higher than the refrigerant
saturation pressure that depends on the cooling water temperature, there is a possibility of
non-condensable gases entering the unit. In that case, purge the non-condensable gases from
the condenser.
If the operation stop period is 1 month or longer, perform the following checks.
When restarting the compressor after an operation stop period of 1 year or longer, check the system for
refrigerant leak and analyze the lubricating oil. If it is found as a result of the analysis that the control
criteria given in this Chapter, Section 4.1.5 Tables 4-1 to 4-3 are not satisfied, the oil must be replaced.
Also check the motor insulation resistance.
Supply power to the oil heater at least 1 day before operation start.
Before starting the operation, confirm that the refrigerant is not condensed in the package unit by
checking the package unit temperature and pressure.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 4.3 When Stopping the Compressor for a Long Time
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Chapter 5 Maintenance and Inspection
When entering the machine room for maintenance services, ensure that sufficient
ventilation has been started and measure the oxygen concentration so that there is
no risk of oxygen deficiency. The ventilation must be continued steadily until the
work is completed.
For performing the inspection work, be sure to prepare safety shoes, protective
glasses, gas mask and other proper protective equipment and do not fail to use
them whenever they are required.
After stopping the machine and before working on a regular inspection or overhaul,
be sure to shut off the main motor power, control power, and other power to each
equipment and valve. After they are shut off, be sure to make the switches
inoperable by others. Also, be sure to attach notification tags to prohibit operation
(lock-out/tag-out).
When any manual stop valve has been closed, be sure to make the valve
inoperable by others and put a notification tag to prohibit the operation (tag-out).
When the compressor is to be overhauled, check that the internal pressure of this
product is at the atmospheric pressure before starting the work.
When using lifting devices, e.g. a crane, etc. and/or lifting tools, ensure that they
can sufficiently withstand the load.
When lifting a heavy load object, do not allow anyone’s body to put under it.
The work to turn each power supply ON/OFF or operate a lifting unit must be
exclusively performed by qualified personnel.
When using electric tools, ensure that they are properly managed in accordance
with each instruction manual. Especially before using and while using, be sure to
follow the care instructions on the safety of each instruction manual.
Be sure to use only genuine parts for replacement. Using parts that are
not genuine can cause damage to this product or other devices during operation.
Do not convert or modify this product or its components without prior permission
from MAYEKAWA. Otherwise, it can lead to an unexpected accident.
Exercise sufficient care for handling a heavy load, and use such a lifting device as a
crane or work with an adequate number of personnel commensurate with the
magnitude of the weight. Also, be sure to use stud bolts (safety retention bolts) and
other support tools for the work. Neglecting the above warning can lead to low back
pain of the worker or injury due to dropping of the parts.
If two or more people are to work together, be sure to clearly define the work
procedures to
share a common understanding among all workers before performing the work.
Not only the work to turn each power supply ON/OFF or operate a lifting device, but
also any type of work requiring qualification must be exclusively performed by
qualified personnel.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 5.1 Precautions for Maintenance and Inspection
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Chapter 5 Maintenance and Inspection
When checking the operation data of units and executing other daily maintenance
services, pay particular attention to avoid touching the area heated to a high
temperature causing skin burns or inadvertently moving the handle of a valve
leading to an erroneous operation.
In the disassembly/inspection workplace, secure a sufficient space for temporary
storage of the removed parts and tools, replacement parts, and for the
disassembling work as well as safety passages, and then put up necessary off-limit
signs.
In the workplace, secure a sufficient space and refrain from putting tools directly on
the floor or from haphazardly laying wires.
Keep the floor clean all the time. Leaving the floor smeared with oil and the like
causes it to be slippery and may result in the fall and injury of personnel. Thus, do
not leave it but wipe it off right away.
Make sure that the temperature of the high temperature sections such as head
covers and discharge lines has been cooled down to normal ambient temperature,
before working on them.
When disassembling and reassembling the compressor, use the specified tools
properly. Before starting to use those tools, gain the full understanding of their
characteristics and the method for use.
During the maintenance service, keep the tools clean all the time. Using those tools
smeared with oil increases the risk of slip and fall, leading to an injury. Also during
the service, there is a risk of foreign matters intruding inside the compressor to
cause its damage.
Parts are slippery with oil. Fully watch out for the risk of any object falling down.
Pay attention to any parts falling down, which could lead to personal injury.
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Chapter 5 Maintenance and Inspection
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 5.2 Maintenance and Inspection List
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Chapter 5 Maintenance and Inspection
■ Unless otherwise specified, the pressure unit "MPa" represents the gauge pressure in this
manual.
5. Contamination on the cooling water side of the condenser and oil cooler cooling pipe.
The degree of contamination and clogging of the cooling pipe can significantly vary depending on
the quality of the cooling water. If any gradual increase in the oil temperature and/or the discharge
pressure is observed during the initial period of operation, check and clean the cooling water side
of the oil cooler and the condenser regardless of the inspection schedule.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 5.2 Maintenance and Inspection List
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Chapter 5 Maintenance and Inspection
Note*: The inspection shall be performed according to the operating period or operating hours,
whichever comes first.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 5.2 Maintenance and Inspection List
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Chapter 5 Maintenance and Inspection
Table 5-4 Guidelines for the Timing of Overhaul Based on the Conditions of Use
(standard package)
Guideline for the overhaul
Category of Operating Condition Application Example
timing
Cold storage and Every 5 years or 40,000
Relatively stable operating condition
refrigeration operating hours
Every 4 years or 30,000
Relatively variable operating condition Ice maker/chiller
operating hours
Frequently started/stopped, and Every 3 years or 20,000
Heat pump
relatively changing operating conditions operating hours
Note 1: The above guideline is applicable only when the package unit is used under the standard
operating conditions separately defined. (Refer to Chapter 2, Section 2.3.2 "Operation Limits"
in this manual.)
Note 2: The above guideline is applicable only when the routine and regular inspection services that
are separately defined are performed. (Refer to Section 5.2.1 "Daily Maintenance" of this
chapter.)
Note 3: Inspect the compressor at the intervals of specified period or operating hours, whichever
comes first.
Note 4: The above guideline is for reference only, and not a warranty period.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C 5.2 Maintenance and Inspection List
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Chapter 5 Maintenance and Inspection
When moving the compressor from the unit base to the workbench, be sure to follow the instructions
given in Chapter 3, Section 3.1 "General Installation Precautions" and Section 3.2.3 "Transportation" of
this manual.
Note that some parts name given in the text of this manual is followed by a number enclosed in square
brackets [ ], which indicates the part identification number given in assembly sectional views or
development views.
In case of replacing the main/side bearings of No.27 and No.28, it is not necessary to prepare the
O-rings of No.432 and No.433 because the main/side bearings have the O-rings.
The sizes of O-ring No.432-2 and No.432-2 have been changed to G130 from G135 in October 2012
as a design modification.
● The part code of the O-ring is the one assigned to NBR which is standard material.
When the material of the O-ring is other than NBR, a different part code is used for
each material.
If you are using O-rings made from other than the standard material, please contact
us when placing an order.
■ Use the bypass valve to release the high pressure gas in the package unit into the low pressure
side.
■ If there is an adjacent compressor to which a permanent bypass line is connected from this
compressor, operate the other compressor and lower the pressure through the bypass line.
■ Operate the refrigerating system and close the supply source valve to turn the gas into liquid, and
recover the liquid at the receiver.
■ Use a refrigerant recovery machine to recover the liquid at the receiver.
In using either method, prepare a working flow sheet of the system beforehand. Check the valves to be
controlled during the recovery work, according to the method to be used, by comparing them with the
ones in the flow sheet, and clearly note the valves to be operated, other connected devices, and tubes
on the flow sheet.
Two flow sheets must be prepared: one at the foreman and the other for posting in the workplace.
In addition, prepare a work procedure document for the refrigerant recovery work to reflect the actual
conditions of the workplace, and sufficiently share the work details among all the coworkers through
checking and confirmation before actually starting the work.
The gas mask and other protective gears required at each stage of refrigerant recovery work must be
prepared before starting the work.
Before the work, be sure to check and communicate the work details and procedure
among all coworkers, and carry out hazard prediction activities based on the
information shared. Neglecting to do this will increase the risk of on-the-job accidents
and injuries to a considerable level.
After closing (opening) a valve for work, conduct lockout/tagout to prevent it from
being handled accidentally during the work.
When removing the compressor from the mounting base frame, the following parts must be
disconnected beforehand:
(1) Coupling to connect the compressor to the driving machine;
(2) Suction and discharge pipes of the compressor.
If the suction strainer is directly connected to the compressor, also remove the strainer;
(3) Oil supply lines to the compressor (Two journal oil inlet ports, one oil injection inlet port, and two
ports for each of the capacity increase and decrease controls);
(4) Electric wiring for capacity control operation (In some cases, the unloader indicator assembly may
be removed with the wiring left as it is. Refer to Section 5.4.1.1 in this chapter.);
(5) Compressor mounting bolts (foot bolts); and
(6) Intermediate connecting piping from the low-stage discharge port to high-stage suction port of the
compressor (In some cases, this piping is not removed, and the compressor is removed with this
piping attached.)
When removing oil lines from the compressor, there is possibility of gas and oil blowing out caused by
residual pressure. And any residual oil in the pipe will flow out. To be prepared for this, either check the
amount of oil outflow by slightly loosening the pipe joint or drain the oil from the oil temperature gauge at
the supply header before removing the pipe.
Work carefully in particular when disassembling the unloader cylinder block since there is residual
pressure and oil fills in the unloader cylinder. Moreover, prepare a larger volume container than the
unloader cylinder volume to receive oil flowing out.
For easy reconnection, disconnected electric wires should be properly marked for identification. Any
wrong reconnection may result in a startup failure or inability to operate the capacity control mechanism.
The work to lift up or move the compressor must be performed by a qualified operator.
Make sure that the lifting equipment and wires have sufficient load capacity for the
compressor.
Never try to perform disassembly or assembly while the compressor is lifted in the air.
As the suction pipe is located immediately above the compressor, lift up or partially remove the pipe
such that it will not interfere with the lifting device.
For the lifting positions of the compressor, refer to Photo 002 or Figure 3-1 in page 3-3 of Chapter 3 in
this manual.
If the planned overhaul work includes separation between low-stage and high-stage blocks of the
compressor, place the compressor on a special stand as shown in Photo 003 and then remove eight or
more hexagon head cap screws around the bottom flange part. Never try to remove these bolts while
the compressor is lifted in the air. Note that these bolts cannot be removed once the compressor is
placed on the work bench.
Figure 5-2 Development View of the Standard Low-stage Indicator for 3225**C
5.4.1.1 Disassembly
■ In Case of Removing the Wiring only
When removing the wiring of the unloader indicator upon removing the compressor, it is necessary
to remove the cover as the indicator has a terminal block for the wiring. Perform the work according
to the following procedure, and after removing the wires, attach the cover to them for protection.
○ Low-stage
a) Loosen the hexagon socket head cap screws [212] that are fastening the indicator glass [141]. In
this, do not loosen the Phillips screws [210] on the same surface. In this way, the assembly
consisting of the parts [141], [202 to 207], [210], and [211] can be removed.
b) By removing the two each hexagon socket head cap screws [147A] and [147B] that are used to
fasten the indicator cover [146B], the cover can be removed.
c) As you can see the terminal block, remove the plastic cover on the block, and then remove the
screws to disconnect the wires.
○ High-stage
Regarding the high-stage capacity control, the 3225*SC and 3225*LC types have the load
indication of 30 to 100% while the model 3225*LC has the load indication 0 to 100%. Accordingly,
the dial [137] and micro-switch cam [127] of the types *SC and *MC are for the indication of 30 to
100% while the type *LC has the standard dial and micro-switch cam for the 0 to 100% indication,
according to the standard (200UD/G) specification. Otherwise, the mechanism of the indicator is the
same between all types.
a) By removing the three hexagon socket head cap screws [147] that are used to fasten the
indicator cover [146], the cover can be removed.
b) The indicator cover will be removed with the glass [141] and spacer [142] attached. While the
glass and spacer are glued, be careful not to drop these as they may be separated from the
cover.
c) Remove the wiring.
Figure 5-3 Development View of the Standard High-stage Indicator for 3225**C
Photo 009: Loosening high-stage micro-switch Photo 010: Removing the high-stage indicator
base plate fixing bolt block
5.4.1.2 Inspection
The inspection procedure is described in the "Reassembly" section of this chapter, as it is often the
case that the unloader indicator block is removed as an assembly and later inspected and adjusted
after the overhauled compressor is reassembled and installed on the mounting base. For details, refer
to Section 5.5.15 "Unloader Indicator" in this chapter.
5.4.2.1 Disassembly
a) Unscrew and remove the unloader cover mounting hexagon socket head cap screws [76-1] and
[76-2].
b) Pull the cover out in the direction parallel to the axis of the push rod in the unloader cylinder.
Carefully pull it straight, because if the unloader cover is pulled sideways, the shaft of the indicator
cam may be bent.
c) If the indicator cam will not move normally, check the spiral groove of the indicator cam, bearing,
and guide pin. The disassembly sequence is as follows:
c-1) As the bearing gland [80], which fixes the indicator cam in place, is secured by three
hexagon socket head cap screws [81] on the cylinder side of the unloader cover, unscrew
and remove these bolts.
c-2) Then, the indicator cam can be pulled out with the ball bearing [78] and the snap ring
(retaining ring) [79] attached to the shaft.
c-3) Inside the unloader cover, the spring retainer [84], spring [83], and then V-ring [82] are
assembled in this order. Because the V-ring is tightly engaged with the bore of the
unloader cover, the lip of the V-ring will be damaged when it is once removed, making it
unusable again. Therefore, be sure to replace it with a new one once it is disassembled.
Photo 011: Removing the Unloader Cover Photo 012: Ball Bearing for the Indicator Cam
Photo 013: Indicator Cam Mounting Parts Photo 014: V-ring (Black part is NBR/FKM)
5.4.2.2 Inspection
a) Check the packing portion of the indicator cam shaft for any flaw. If the refrigerant leaks without any
flaw observed in this part, it should be due to a defect of the V-ring or installing the V-ring without
sufficient oil.
In this case, replace the V-ring.
b) Check the spiral groove of the indicator cam. If an abnormal flaw or wear is observed, replace it with
a new one.
Figure 5-5 Unloader Cylinder Block Figure 5-6 Unloader Cylinder Block
(Low-stage) (High-stage)
5.4.3.1 Disassembly
a) Screw two M8 eyebolts into the threaded holes of the unloader piston [64-1] [64-2], and pull it fully
towards you.
b) Unbend the locking tooth of the lock washer [70-1] [70-2], which is used to fix the piston on the push
rod, such that the lock nut [69-1] [69-2] can be turned. Then, loosen and remove the lock nut.
c) Now, you can remove the unloader piston.
Photo 015: Release the Locking Tooth Photo 016: Use Lock Nut Wrench
of the Lock Washer (High-stage) to Loosen the Lock Nut
(High-stage)
5.4.3.2 Inspection
a) Both the O-ring [65-1] [65-2] and cap seal
[64-1] [64-2] that are on the periphery of the
unloader piston [64-1] [64-2] must be replaced
by new ones.
b) As it is often seen that the inside of the
unloader cylinder has flaws or is contaminated
by oil residue, thoroughly clean the area and
use fine sandpapers to finish the surface.
5.4.4.1 Disassembly
a) Of the eight hexagon socket head cap screws [53] securing the seal cover [51], remove six bolts
leaving two diagonally opposite bolts.
b) Loosen the remaining two screws alternately and evenly, a little at a time. When the screws are
loosened to some extent, the seal cover will be pushed by the spring force of the seal to create a
gap under the cover. The gap will not be created if the gasket is sticking to both surfaces. In this
case, free the cover by screwing M8 eye bolts into the jacking screw threads on the seal cover to
separate it.
c) As the oil inside will flow out through the gap, be ready to receive the oil with a container.
d) Pull out the seal cover in the direction of the rotor shaft axis. Inside the cover, there is the mating
ring fitted with the O-ring. In this, carefully remove the seal cover for the mating ring not to be
damaged by touching the shaft.
e) Remove the O-ring [49] between the seal cover and oil seal retainer [48].
f) After the seal cover has been removed, wipe clean the shaft and then check its surface. If any flaw
is found, use a fine sandpaper to smoothen the surface. This correction is intended to prevent
possible damage of the internal O-ring when the mechanical seal is pulled out.
g) Loosen the set screws [111] securing the seal collar [109] about three turns. Do not remove the set
screws completely. Loosen them such that their ends are retracted from the surface of the seal
collar. These two screws are located 90° apart from each other.
h) Pull out the mechanical seal assembly by holding the seal collar with your fingertips. While
removing the assembly, make sure that the ends of the set screws do not touch the shaft surface.
Any scratch on the shaft will cause leakage.
i) Pull out the oil seal sleeve [528] after removing the two set screws [529] .
j) Screw two M8 eye bolts into the screw holes in the seal retainer and pull out the seal retainer while
keeping it in the right angle with the shaft.
k) Remove the oil seal [50] that is atacched into the oil seal retainer.
Photo 021: Removing the Seal Cover Photo 022: After Removal of the Seal Assembly
5.4.4.2 Inspection
a) Although it is instructed that the mechanical seal must be replaced after abnormality is found in the
inspection, only visually checking the sliding surface may be insufficient in determining any
abnormality. It is thus recommended to always replace it with a new one, similarly to the case of
O-rings and gaskets, if the inspection is done in such a way.
Also, if it is difficult to stop the compressor operation except for scheduled inspections, we
recommend to replace the mechanical seal assembly with a new one at every inspection of this
block.
However, even if the assembly is to be replaced without exception, it is still necessary to visually
check the condition of the sliding surface between the mating ring and the seal collar. If any
unevenness or flaw is observed on the sliding surface, analyze the condition to determine whether it
is due to aging, overheating, or other reasons in order to take necessary corrective actions.
b) Replace the O-rings every time the mechanical seal assembly is inspected because they normally
swell and deform over time.
c) Check the wear of the oil seal sleeve in the area it rubs against the oil seal lip.
If wear is evident, replace both the oil seal [50] and oil seal sleeve [528] with new parts. Since the oil
seal is made of a special material, only genuine oil seals must be used for the replacement.
5.4.5.1 Disassembly
a) Unscrew and remove all the hexagon socket head cap screws [18-1]. The bearing cover remains
attached to the bearing head [11-1] with two alignment pins [19-1].
b) For safety, screw two stud bolts into appropriate top bolt holes.
c) There are two jacking screw holes in the opposite positions. By screwing in two left and right M8 eye
bolts evenly, the bearing cover will be separated from the bearing head. When some gap is
observed between them, use a scraper to remove one side of the gasket [17-1] from the body.
d) Further screwing in the eye bolts will disengage the bearing cover from the alignment pins.
At this point, if the bearing cover is not properly supported, it may fall or drop down
onto the rotor shaft to cause damage on it. So, be sure to protect the shaft with a
blanket or other protective covering before starting the work.
Photo 023: Removing the Bearing Cover Photo 024: Removing the Bearing Cover
5.4.6.1 Disassembly
a) As it is explained in the Section 5.3.5, the bolts on the bottom side must be removed by
placing the compressor on a special stand before starting the disassembly work.
b) Remove the hexagon socket head cap screws [18-2] that fasten the high-stage bearing head [11-2]
to the low-stage suction cover [5-1].
c) As the gasket [17-2] is sticking to both surfaces of the high-stage bearing head and the low-stage
suction cover, use the bolts [18-2] that have been removed to screw them into the jacking threads in
the bearing head to evenly push the suction cover to separate the two blocks.
d) The gear coupling assembly [151 to 161] for power transmission is located inside, on the side of the
M rotor shaft.
As the drive side and driven side of the coupling can be separated along the shaft axis, move the
main body exactly along the shaft axis to separate them.
Photo 025: Screwing in the Bolts to Push and Photo 026: Separating the High-stage and
Separate Low-stage Blocks
5.4.7.1 Disassembly
a) The drive sleeve [151] can be removed by hand after the high-stage and low-stage are separated.
b) On the high-stage (driven) side, first loosen the knurled cup point socket set screw [159] on the
driven hub used for locking, and then pull out the driven hub. The driven hub can be easily pulled
out, as clearance fit is used.
c) To remove the low-stage drive hub [152], release the locking teeth of the lock washer [161] and
loosen the lock nut [160].
d) There are two screw holes in the drive hub.
Screw M8 eye bolts into these screw holes and pull out the drive hub. It can be easily pulled out, as
clearance fit is used.
5.4.7.2 Inspection
Check the hub and sleeve for possible deformation of the gear teeth and wear on each tooth flank.
If it is found abnormal, replace the whole gear coupling assembly. At the same time, investigate the
cause of the abnormality.
Photo 027: Current Gear coupling parts Photo 028: Low-stage Gear Coupling
The gear coupling assembly consists of the items The gear coupling assembly consists of the
151, 152, 153, 154*2, 155*4, and 159. items151, 152, 153, and 159.
Figure 5-8 Conventional Method (Before the Figure 5-9 New Method (After the Design
Design modification in Feb. 2011) modification in Feb. 2011)
5.4.8.1 Disassembly
Remove the oil injection pipe gland [164], and then hold a M20 bolt screwed into the screw hole on the
head of the oil injection pipe to pull out the pipe.
Photo 029 Removing Oil Injection Pipe Photo 030 Removing Oil Injection Pipe
5.4.9.1 Disassembly
a) Remove the snap ring [32] retaining the
balance piston [30] on the shaft using external
snap ring pliers.
b) Pull the balance piston straight out by
screwing two eye bolts into the screw holes.
While the rotor shaft has a balance piston key
[31], it is unnecessary to remove the key.
Photo 031
c) To prevent rotation of the balance piston sleeve [33], there are
hexagon socket head set screws [34] screwed from both the M rotor
side (balance piston)and F rotor side. So, loosen the set screw on
the F rotor side, and place the M rotor side screw under the suction
cover as shown in Photo 032.
d) Remove the snap ring [37] securing the balance piston sleeve using
the internal snap ring pliers. As the snap ring is pressed out by the
internal O-ring [35], slightly pushing it can easily remove the snap
ring.
e) Remove the balance piston sleeve and O-ring.
As clearance fit is used to engage the outside of the sleeve with the
suction cover, you can easily pull it out.
Photo 032 As there is an O-ring spacer [36], also remove the spacer.
5.4.9.2 Inspection
While you will be able to find some trace of wear on the inside surface of the balance piston sleeve,
such wear is not abnormal as it is caused because the clearance between the balance piston and the
sleeve is narrower than the clearance between the rotor shaft and the bearing.
Because enough clearance is given to the outside of balance piston sleeve in order not to apply the
bearing load to the balance piston, no further development of the wear is expected.
However, you should still carefully check the condition because when the side bearing is significantly
worn, the balance piston may also be worn.
In this procedure to remove the suction cover before disassembling the thrust bearing
block, it is necessary to sufficiently loosen the lock nut that are securing the thrust
bearing while the rotor is supported by both the main and side bearings, in order not to
damage the rotor during the disassembly process.
5.4.10.1 Disassembly
a) Remove the hexagon head bolts [45-2] and the conical spring washers [46-2] that are used to fasten
the thrust bearing gland [43-2], and then remove the gland.
In case of a former model which uses a rotation stopper fitting instead of a conical spring washer,
extend the bent plate of the rotation stopper and remove it from the hexagon head blot [46-2], and
then remove the hexagon head bolt and the thrust bearing gland.
Photo 033 Removal of Hexagon Head Bolts Photo 034 Loosening the Lock Nut
b) Unbend the rotation stopper tooth of the lock washer [40-2] holding the lock nut [39-2] which retains
the inner race of thrust bearing [38-2] on the rotor shaft and loosen the lock nut using a lock nut
wrench.
c) As the height of the high-stage main rotor casing is low, the casing is installed like a bridge to
connect between the suction cover and the bearing head. As such, the main rotor casing will be
supported only by one side (i.e., overhang) when the suction cover is removed. To avoid this, either
place squared timbers or use a lifting device to properly support the main rotor casing.
d) Loosen and remove the hexagon socket head cap screws [2-2] securing the high-stage suction
cover [5-2] to the high-stage main rotor casing [1-2].
e) As the gasket [6-2] of the suction cover is sticking to the surface of the flange, screw two hexagon
socket head cap screws [2-2] that have been removed into the screw holes in the main rotor casing
flange to evenly push the suction cover. When some gap is observed between them, use a scraper
to remove one side of the gasket from the surface.
f) When it comes to the position the alignment pins are disengaged, pull out the suction cover at once
along the rotor axis.
g) As the high-stage suction cover is installed with an O-ring [328] and O-ring gland [326-2] in the
opening for the push rod to pass through, remove them. As the four bolts fastening the O-ring gland
are small (M5), be careful not to lose them.
h) The side bearing [28-2] has been press fit from the balance piston cover side of the suction cover.
Remove the snap ring [29-2] using internal snap ring pliers.
i) Either push out the side bearing from the main rotor casing side using some block or pull it out using
a special tool such as shown in Photo 034. For the details of the special tool, refer to Section 5.5.2
in this chapter.
Photo 033 Pulling Out the Suction Cover Photo 034 Removing the Side Bearing
5.4.10.2 Inspection
a) Check the oil inlet path to the balance piston part of the suction cover by spraying air or the like.
b) We recommend unconditional exchange of the side bearings on the occasion of the compressor
overhaul, but for confirmation of the compressor condition and system operating condition, carefully
check the sliding part metal surface of the side bearings.
If the metal surface is turned gray or any foreign matter is embedded, also carefully check the wear
of the rotor shaft.
c) The inside surface of the main rotor casing should have no problems because sufficient clearance is
provided. However, if any trace of scraping by the end of the rotor is found, it should be determined
that the thrust bearing is defective. It is also necessary to check the operational condition, such as
whether the system is operated for a long time with a high intermediate pressure.
5.4.11.1 Disassembly
a) Remove the hexagon head bolts [45-1] fastening the thrust bearing gland [43-1] and O-ring [150].
As conical spring washers [46-1] are used together, be careful not to lose them.
b) Unbend the tooth of the lock washer [40-1], and loosen the lock nut [39-1].
c) Loosen and remove the hexagon socket head cap screws [2-1] securing the suction cover [5-1] to
the main rotor casing [1-1].
d) Drive in the alignment pins [3-1] to the main rotor casing side as shown in Photo 35. If it is not
feasible, screw in suitable bolts to the jacking screw holes on the flange to push the suction cover
evenly.
e) At this time, the alignment pins will also be disengaged. Even after the alignment pins are
disengaged, as the rotor shaft and side bearing are still engaged together, pull out the suction cover
carefully along the shaft axis (Photo 36).
f) Remove the snap ring [29-1] holding the side bearing using internal snap ring pliers.
g) Either push out the side bearing from the main rotor casing side using some block or pull it out using
a special tool such as shown in Photo 037. For the details of the special tool, refer to Section 5.5.2
in this chapter.
Photo 037
5.4.11.2 Inspection
Inspect the suction cover and side bearings in the same way as for the high-stage.
The high-stage thrust bearing block of 3225**C has no spacer for the thrust bearing outer race. While
the thrust bearing outer race spacer is used to support (i.e., ensure a sufficient support width for) the
outer race of the thrust bearing, 250 or higher models use no spacer for the thrust bearing outer race
because the case (bearing head) side has sufficient margin to the support it.
a) Remove the lock nut [39-2] that has been loosened. Then, remove the torsional slip washer [237-2],
lock washer [40-2], and thrust washer [250-2].
b) The clearance fit is applied to two gaps between the outer race of the thrust bearing and the bearing
head, between the inner race of the thrust bearing and the rotor shaft.
Prepare a 1 or 2 mm diameter aluminum wire, make the tip of the wire flat by hammering, and
slightly bend the tip to make a hook. Then, insert the tip of the wire between the outer race and the
ball retainer of the thrust bearing [38-2] to hook and pull out the bearing. In this way, the bearing can
be easily removed.
c) The whole thrust bearing will be removed helped by the surface tension of the oil on the side face.
If you have failed to remove the whole bearing at once, put the components in the order of the
removal.
d) Inside the thrust bearing is an alignment spacer [42-2] for the inner race on the rotor shaft side. The
M rotor side has a marking of "M", and the F rotor side has a marking of "F".
Neatly arrange the parts removed, i.e., the
thrust bearing gland, thrust washer, thrust
bearing, and thrust bearing alignment spacer,
separately for the M rotor and F rotor as shown
in Photo 040.
You must be very careful because if an
assembly error is made to result in a wrong
combination of parts after failing to neatly
arranging and separating the parts, it can lead
to performance degradation and/or dragging
accident due to overheating caused by being
too narrow clearance, for example.
Photo 040
Unlike the high-stage, the low-stage thrust bearing block of 3225**C is using an oil supply spacer for
the combined surface. This is to facilitate lubrication of the ball bearing because as the rotor diameter
becomes larger, the rotor shaft diameter become larger. Thus, a larger thrust bearing is required and
the ball rotation speed increases accordingly. Furthermore, as with the high-stage, the low-stage thrust
bearing block of 3225**C has no spacer for the thrust bearing outer race.
a) Remove the lock nut [39-1] that has been loosened. Then, remove the torsional slip washer [237-1],
lock washer [40-1], and thrust washer [250-1].
b) Similarly to the case of the high-stage, remove the thrust bearing [38-1] and the thrust bearing
alignment spacer [42-1].
As the bearing used for the compressor is a specially designed combined-type bearing, the
accuracy and material are different from normal ones of the same part number that may be
found in the catalogue of a bearing manufacturer. Be sure to use only genuine
parts for replacement. Otherwise, it will not be covered by the warranty.
5.4.13.1 Disassembly
a) While you can pull out the rotor either from the M or F side, you should be very careful in the work as
either rotor is very heavy.
When pulling out the M rotor (or F rotor) first, pull out about 2/3 of the full length of the rotor by
holding the shaft upward and turning it in the CW (or CCW) direction.
You should carefully note that the rotor must be rotated in the specified direction
while pulling it out. If the M (F) rotor is not turned during the pulling out process,
the F (M) rotor can also be pulled out together.
b) As a preparation, use a nylon belt or other lifting belt that will not blemish the lifting surface to
support the center of the rotor. Then, pull out the rotor while slightly lifting up the rotor using the belt.
Photo 042 Pulling Out the F Rotor Photo 043 Lifting Up the F Rotor
Photo 044 Pulling Out the M Rotor Photo 045 Lifting Up the M Rotor
Photo 046
5.4.13.2 Inspection
a) No abnormality should be observed on the surface of the rotor lobes under normal operations.
Regarding the contact surface of the teeth, black luster should be seen on the root area of the M
rotor lobes and on the tip area of the F rotor lobes.
In other cases, when the suction gas or oil is contaminated by fine dust, there may be fine linear
scratches on the shaft surface, in the direction perpendicular to the shaft axis. If any such flaw is
found, use a fine sandpaper or grindstone to smooth the surface.
b) In case of ammonia refrigerant or gas compressor, the non-contact surface of the rotor may be
discolored by rust or deposits. Use sandpapers or others to finish the surface according to the
degree of the problem.
c) Then, check the bearing areas of the rotor shaft. Two types of finishing are used: one is the
induction hardening (polish finishing) for the standard specification, and the other is the hard
chrome plating (polish finishing), as a special specification. The most suitable finish is selected
according to the type of refrigerant and operation conditions.
Very little wear will be present unless the compressor is operated for a long time using dirty oil or
any hard matter is buried in the metal of the inner circumference of the bearing.
d) Check the portion of the shaft on which the thrust bearing is mounted for any trace to show that the
inner race of the bearing has rotated.
If the lock nut that fastens the inner race of the thrust bearing is loosened, or if the bearing is
abnormally worn, the inner race will become rotate. If any trace of rotation is seen, correct the
problem. Depending on the degree of the rotation trace, it might be necessary to replace the rotors
with new ones.
e) Check the inner surface of the main rotor casing.
There is a narrow clearance between the periphery of the rotor and the main rotor casing. Any slight
flaw present on the tip of the rotor teeth or on the inner surface of the main rotor casing, due to small
foreign matters, will not be a problem.
If there is any trace to show that the tips of the rotor teeth have hit the inner surface of the main rotor
casing, it is an abnormal condition. In such a case, the possible cause is that the main bearing
and/or side bearing is worn out. Take proper actions by finding the cause of the problem, such as
contamination of the lubricating oil or entrance of foreign matters.
5.4.15.1 Disassembly
a) Remove all the hexagon socket head cap
screws [2-2] fastening the main rotor casing
and the bearing head. Support the foot of the
main rotor casing using squared timbers.
b) Use jacking bolts to evenly push the block.
Once some gap is produced between the
main rotor casing and the bearing head, use a
scraper to detach the gasket from the bearing
head and put it on to the main rotor casing
side.
When the alignment pins are disengaged, the
bearing head is separated from the main rotor Photo 049 Loosening the Fastening Bolts
casing.
c) The main bearing [27-2] is lightly press fit into the bearing head. When removing the main bearing,
first use internal snap ring priers to remove the snap ring [29-2]. Then, either use a plastic block or
other suitable element to push the bearing from the rotor side or use a special tool such as shown in
Photo 051 to pull out the bearing. For the details of the special tool, refer to Section 5.5.2 in this
manual.
Photo 050 Removing the Snap Ring Internal Photo 051 Removing the Main Bearing
d) The unloader slide valve can be removed as an assembly by pulling it out from the bearing head
side. If no specific abnormality is found, no further disassembly is required.
e) The guide block stem [88-2] is screwed in from the bottom of the main rotor casing, and the guide
block [87-2] is engaged from the top. To replace the O-rings [89-2], remove the guide block stem.
5.4.15.2 Inspection
a) We recommend as well as the side bearings, unconditional exchange of the main bearings on the
occasion of the compressor overhaul, but for confirmation of the compressor condition and system
operating condition, carefully check the sliding part metal surface of the main bearings.
If the metal surface is gray or any foreign matter is buried, also carefully check the wear of the rotor
shaft.
b) Check the condition of the surface of the bearing head on the rotor side, where the discharge port is.
Properly mend the surface if any flaw is observed. If the entire surface has significant flaws, either
the thrust bearing is defective or the end clearance adjustment is poor.
If oil compression has been caused during the operation, carefully and thoroughly check the area of
the discharge port in particular. If the continued use is in doubt at all, perform the penetrant testing
(color check) to determine if it can be used or not.
c) With the unloader slide valve mounted in position, check the step height between the slide valve
and the main rotor casing surfaces. Usually, the surface of the slide valve should be lower than the
surface of the main rotor casing.
If the top surface of the slide valve has a trace of hitting the rotor, the probable cause is that the slide
valve is worn or the rotor shaft/bearing is worn. Please contact our sales offices or service centers.
d) Check the properness of the slotted guide pin [68-2] at the tip of the unloader push rod [67-2] that
engages with the indicator cam [77-2].
Photo 052 Removing the Snap Ring Internal Photo 053 Removing the Slide Valve
Assembly
5.4.16.2 Inspection
The inspection must be performed similarly to the case of the high-stage.
5.5 Reassembly
During the reassembly work, be very careful in selecting the correct replacement
O-rings of the specified standard, not to make a mistake regarding the size, material, for
fixed use, for sliding use, etc. Using a wrong O-ring can lead to oil leak or other
problems.
Some gaskets are not symmetrically shaped. In such a case, be careful not to misplace
the gasket. If the gasket is misplaced, it can lead to a significant problem such as
blocking any oil supply route on the casing.
After completing the disassembly and inspection procedures, start the assembly process.
First, read again Section 5.1 "Precautions for Maintenance and Inspection" in this Chapter 5.
Before starting the assembly, check the replacement parts once again.
Like gaskets, all O-rings that have been removed during the compressor disassembly must be replaced
with new ones.
The reassembly sequence is mostly the reverse of the disassembly sequence. First of all, clean the
work bench and the tools to be used.
Immediately prior to the assembly, use washing agent (e.g., kerosene, parts cleaner) oil to clean the
parts to be assembled, dry them with compressed air, and sufficiently apply lubricating oil, etc. For this,
prepare a sufficient amount of clean lubricating oil for the reassembly. Also, apply oil on both sides of
the gasket.
Because the assembly procedure is mostly similar between the high-stage and low-stage sides, the
following sections provide explanations that are commonly used for both stages. For this purpose, the
part number given in the common explanations will omit the distinction between high-stage and
low-stage by means of a hyphenated suffix (the suffix of [**-1] for low-stage and [**-2] for high-stage
part number will be omitted).
Please fully understand the details in this Section 5.5 for correct assembly work.
Table 5-7 Tightening Torques for Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screws
Torque unit M6 M8 M10 M12 M14 M16 M20 M24
N・m 10 25 50 90 140 240 450 750
kgf cm 100 250 500 900 1400 2400 4500 7500
When fastening the hexagon socket head cap screws, use the tightening torque specified in the above
table.
If the step is such that the surface of the unloader slide valve is higher than the
surface of the main rotor casing, it is considered the problem of assembly. In such a
case, it must not be left uncorrected. Be sure to reassemble it. Otherwise, the
periphery of the rotor can make contact with the slide valve, resulting in a severe
damage.
e) The low-stage slide valve assembly has an oil injection pipe guide [168] on the opposite side of the
push rod. Do not forget to install the O-ring [59] (Photo 055).
Photo 054 Installing the Slide Valve Photo 055 O-ring for the Oil Injection Pipe
(low-stage) Guide
a) Align the notch on the main bearing with the spring pin [14] that is driven in into the bearing head
[11], and then push it in with a pad. For the alignment, it is convenient to use a tool such as a guide
bar.
b) After the bearing has been inserted, install the snap ring [29] to retain the bearing in position (Photo
056). Securely install the snap ring to be fully seated in the ring groove, by pushing the snap ring
with a guide bar or the like, or by lightly hitting the guide bar with a hammer while placing the guide
bar on the snap ring.
Photo 056 High-stage Bearing Head Photo 057 Low-stage Bearing Head
c) On the low-stage bearing head [11-1], install the O-ring [197] in the part where the push rod passes
through. Then, use hexagon socket head cap screws [166-1] to install the O-ring gland [326-1].
When press fitting the bearing, it is recommended to prepare a collared plastic cylinder (spacer) that
exactly fits inside the inner diameter of the bearing and also a collared weight that fits inside the
plastic cylinder as shown in Figure 5-14. Then, hit the top of the weight for easy press fitting of the
bearing. Instead of the above, special tools are also available from us for the high-stage and
low-stage main and side bearings. These tools are similar to the above described weight, and the
surface finish of which is improved to eliminate the need of a plastic spacer (Refer to Chapter 7,
Section 7.5). You are welcome to place an order if necessary.
Since the bearing head gasket [12] is not symmetrically shaped, carefully check the
orientation when installing the gasket.
If you place the bearing head gasket by just hanging it on the stud bolts, the gasket
will protrude into the inside of the rotor casing when the casing is assembled. Apply
sufficient amount of oil, etc. to the gasket to make it fully attached to the surface to
prevent protruding upon the assembly.
Be sure to check for possible protrusion of the gasket after the bearing head and
rotor casing have been assembled together. If you forget to check it out, it may lead
to a measurement error in the end clearance adjustment process, as the gasket may
be placed in between the rotor end and the bearing head surface. Furthermore, if the
compressor is operated after the end clearance is erroneously adjusted and fixed in
this condition, it may compromise the performance.
The rotor must be sufficiently reworked. If any slight flaw is observed on the shaft surface in the area of
attaching the bearing or seal, use a sand paper to correct and finish the surface. After finishing the
surface to attach the seal, apply protective tape on the surface.
Both the M rotor and F rotor have a specific engagement position, and the position is marked by
carving.
In order to make it easier to match the positions when the rotor is installed into the main rotor casing, a
number is marked on the lobe tip: the M rotor has the marking on the discharge side, and the F rotor
has the marking on the suction side.
Photo 059 Mating Mark on the M Rotor Photo 060 Mating Mark on the F Rotor
As the circumference of the rotor is touching the main rotor casing in this condition,
any rotation of the rotor should be kept to the minimum required. Otherwise, the
lobes tip of the rotor may be worn.
Photo 062 Installing the High-stage Side Photo 063 Installing the High-stage Snap Ring
Bearing
Photo 064 Installing the Low-stage Bearing Photo 065 Installing the Low-stage Snap Ring
Photo 066 Installing the O-ring Photo 067 Installing the Balance Piston
Sleeve
Photo 069
b) On the high-stage side, pass the unloader push rod through the hole at the bottom of the suction
cover.
Slide (or use a lifting device to move) the suction cover in parallel along the shaft axis to engage the
rotor shafts with the side bearings. At this time, be careful not to damage the inside surface of the
side bearing by the shaft end.
As the low-stage unloader push rod is out to the bearing head side, be careful only with the rotor
shaft end in this work.
c) After the suction cover has been pushed in up to the flange surface, lightly fasten some of the bolts
[2].
d) Using a copper hammer or an aluminum hammer, drive in the alignment pins [3].
e) Tighten the hexagon socket head cap screws evenly up to the specified tightening torque. The bolts
on the bottom side (about 6 bolts) are to be tightened during the final assembly stage, on the special
stand used in the disassembly process.
f) For both the high-stage and low-stage blocks, move the unloader push rod back and force by hand
to check that it is working normally.
g) Hold and rotate the M rotor shaft to check if it works normally.
In addition, check that the rotor has an axial play (i.e., the rotor can move in the axial direction).
h) On the low-stage, push in the oil injection pipe [85] installed with the O-ring [86] to the suction cover
(Photo 076). Then, install the oil injection pipe gland [164] installed with the O-ring [165].
(Low-stage) (High-stage)
The torsional slip washer [237] and lock washer [39] must be replaced with new ones.
If the removed thrust bearing is to be installed as it is, check the marking of "M" or
"F" on the thrust bearing alignment spacer and assemble it in the same combination
as it was disassembled. This is important in controlling the end clearance on the
discharge side of the rotor.
Even if the same bearing is installed, the work must be very carefully done as the
dimension can change if any foreign matter such as a chip of paint or dust is pinched
by the alignment spacer.
In determining the installation direction of the thrust bearing, there are two methods
depending on the existence of an alignment "V" marking on the outer circumference
of the bearing. Install the bearing according to the following procedure provided for
each case.
The assembly sequence for this block is as illustrated in Figure 5-15. The important points to be noted
in the procedure are described below:
a) Check the marking of either "M" or "F" on the thrust bearing alignment spacer to ensure that the
units are assembled in the same combination of parts.
The front and back of the thrust alignment spacer must be distinguished when it is installed. The
larger chamfering side is on the inner machine side, and the smaller chamfering side is on the thrust
bearing side.
Photo 079 Tightening the High-stage Lock Nut Photo 080 Tightening the Low-stage Lock Nut
Tightening the lock nut while keeping the setting position between the lock nut wrench hooks
and the lock nut grooves may cause to make the rotor run-out to enlarge due to uneven
tightening forces.
Change the setting position between the lock nut wrench hooks and lock nut grooves about four
times when fastening the lock nut.
d) Turn the M rotor shaft by hand, to make sure that rotation of rotors is smooth.
As clearance fit is used for the inner race of the thrust bearing, this tightening work is
very important because the bearing is secured only by the tightening force of the
lock nut.
When the thrust bearing has been replaced, the dimensional difference between the
sides of the inner race and outer race varies even if it is within the tolerance of the
applicable standard specification.
As such, if the thickness of the thrust bearing alignment spacer that has been used is
insufficient, and if the lock nut is securely tightened from the first, the end clearance
between the rotor shaft end and the end face of the discharge side bearing head will
be lost. Furthermore, as the balls are pressed against the rolling contact surface to
create impression on the surface, it will damage the bearing. To avoid this, gradually
tighten the lock nut while rotating the rotor to make sure the outer race is free, until
the lock nut is fully tightened. If it comes to require more force to turn the rotor while
the lock nut is being tightened, the thickness of the spacer is considered insufficient.
a) For pressing the rotor shaft on to the discharge side, hit the rotor shaft strongly from the suction side
while putting a jig (Teflon block).
b) Prepare the thrust bearing gland to be readily mounted. Mount a dial gauge on the suction side axial
end of the rotor, and set the indication needle to zero point while the rotor is fully pressed onto the
discharge end face (Photos 081 and 082).
c) Without inserting the conical spring washer, tighten the four fastening bolts of the bearing gland
sequentially and evenly up to the specified tightening torque (Photo 083). Tightening each bolt at
once at the specified torque must be avoided because it will result in uneven tightening. So, repeat
to sequentially tighten the bolts for several times.
d) Then, read the dial gauge indication. This value shows the actual end clearance. If the end
clearance is outside the specified value, perform the adjustment work described in the next section.
If the end clearance is within the specified value, turn the M rotor shaft by hand and confirm the
smooth turning without uneven tightening. And then perform the measurement of the run-out of the
rotor shaft described in next section (3).
Photo 083
Conical spring washer has been adopted instead of the plate type lock washer from October, 2001.
When using the conical spring washers for the compressors produced before this modification, the
hexagon head bolt heads may interfere with the low-stage bearing cover inner face.
In case of overhauling the compressor produced before October, 2011, do not change the lock
washer [46] to the conical spring washer.
Photo 087
5.5.9 Balance Piston Cover
and High-stage Unloader Cylinder
a) Before installing the balance piston cover on
the high-stage suction cover [5-2], install the
O-ring [328] in the part of the high-stage
suction cover where the push rod passes
through. Then, use hexagon socket head cap
screws [166-2] to install the O-ring gland
[326-2].
b) Install the unload spacer (for 30% load) [420]
on the high-stage push rod. In the case of
3225*LC, no unloader spacer is used
(because the full length of the unloader
cylinder has been reduced to make
adjustment unnecessary). Photo 088 O-ring Gland
c) In the case of 3225**C, as the high-stage side
also has the unloader cylinder [60-2], the
work will become easier if the unloader cylinder is first installed on the balance piston cover [22] and
then the resulting assembly is installed on the high-stage suction cover [5-2].
d) Install the O-ring [63-2] in the O-ring groove on the machined surface of the balance piston cover
along which the unloader cylinder is installed (Photo 089).
The mounting position of this O-ring has been changed in Oct. 1996 to the current position shown in
Photo 089 from the previous chamfered part in the corner of the balance piston cover. The low-stage
bearing cover was similarly changed at the same time.
e) Align the position of the balance piston cover with the unloader cylinder. As shown in the above
Photo 090, using a steel rod for positioning makes it easier to align the position of bolt holes.
As no gasket is used on the mating flange between the balance piston cover and unloader cylinder,
evenly and thinly apply liquid gasket (made of special synthetic rubber) on the surface of the flange
of the unloader cylinder inside from the center of the bolt holes.
f) As the O-ring of the balance piston cover is already installed, lightly tap the flange surface with a
soft hammer to install it as shown in Photo 091.
g) When joining the flanges, also align the bolt hole positions if any positioning steel rod is not used.
Then, insert two hexagon socket head cap screws [61] in the positions shown in Photos 092 and
093 to fasten the unloader cylinder to the balance piston cover.
h) Install the O-ring [73-2] in the O-ring groove on the tip of the unloader push rod [67-2], at the
position where the unloader piston is installed.
i) Attach the O-ring [65-2] without lubricating oil on the unloader piston [64-2], and then install the cap
seal [66-2] on it. It can be smoothly installed by slightly folding the cap seal along the circumferential
direction. Also, using a small and smooth spatula (Photo 094) will facilitate the assembling work.
j) Install the unloader piston fitted with the O-ring and cap seal in the unloader cylinder. One side of
the unloader piston is with screw holes for eye bolts, while the other side does not have such holes.
First, to make it easier to fit the cap seal on the unloader cylinder wall, lightly press one side of the
piston onto the chamfered area of the unloader cylinder by hand, changing the side of the piston for
several times. Finally, apply lubricating oil to the unloader cylinder, then, push and install the piston
with the screw holes side of the piston facing the unloader cover. After the installation, check that
the cap seal is not broken or pinched.
m) After joining the flanges together, tighten the hexagon socket head cap screws [24] of the balance
piston cover at the specified torque of 90 N・m and tighten the hexagon socket head cap screws
[62-2] of the unloader cylinder at the specified torque of 240 N・m.
n) Use the eye bolts to pull the piston toward you (Photo 098), once remove the temporarily fastened
lock nut, install the lock washer [70-2] and lock nut [69-2], and then tighten the lock nut at the
specified torque of 140 N・m. To prevent loosening, bend the tooth of the lock washer at the notch of
the lock nut (Photo 100). Lastly, use the eye bolts to check the smooth movement of the piston
(Photo 101).
The bearing cover gasket is not symmetric because there is a hole for lubricating
oil line to the mechanical seal block in the left (seal) side.
Be careful that do not mistake the direction of the gasket when attaching onto the
bearing head flange surface. Mistaken the direction of the gasket causes the
lubrication failure to the shaft seal block.
d) While lifting the bearing cover using a lifting hook on the eye bolt, install the bearing cover carefully
not to make contact with the M rotor shaft or the push rod (Photo 103). Once the cover is on the stud
bolts, the lifting hook may be removed.
e) After correctly setting the position of the alignment pins, lightly tap the flange at different places
alternately using a copper hammer or soft hammer to install the cover in position (Photo 104).
f) When the cover has come to the position the bolts can be screwed in, screw in two or three
hexagon socket head cap screws [18-1] and evenly tighten them to reduce the clearance and make
the cover contact the body. Then, tighten all the bolts at the specified torque of 450 N・m.
d) Install the oil seal retainer with the oil seal and sleeve along the rotor shaft using two M8 eye bolts
as shown in Photo 107. At this time, position the oil escape hole of the retainer on the upper side of
the rotor shaft, and accurately align the notch in the retainer with the position of the spring pin [20]
that is driven in into the bearing cover to prevent its rotation.
After the installation, check the position by slightly turning the retainer to the left and the right using
the eye bolts. If the position is correct, the retainer will not rotate.
e) Secure the oil seal sleeve using two set screws [529] on the rotor shaft (Photo 108).
f) Then, insert the O-ring for the seal retainer [49] (Photo 109).
You should be particularly careful on this point, as the O-ring for the oil seal retainer
[49] is often forgotten to be installed.
g) Insert the O-ring [112] on the inner circumference of the seal collar [109], and install the seal collar
on the rotor shaft. Before the assembly, apply sufficient lubricating oil onto the rotor shaft and wash
out dust and stains. Push in the seal collar carefully not to damage the O-ring [112] by the step on
the rotor shaft (Photo 110). After installing the seal collar, push it by hand and check it’s normal
movement in the axial direction.
h) Fasten the seal collar on the rotor shaft by screwing the two seal collar set screws [111] at the
countersinks on the rotor shaft (Photo 111). Failing to fasten the screws at the countersink positions
will damage the rotor shaft, and it can cause a leakage.
i) Install the O-ring [103] for the mating ring and the mating ring [101] on the seal cover [51]. (Photo
112)
j) Apply oil on the seal cover gasket [52] and attach it to the seal cover flange by carefully aligning the
oil hole position on the gasket and the one on the flange.
◆ In the case of the standard internal oil supply system, oil is first sent from the bearing cover to
the seal cover through the oil supply hole machined on them, then from the notch in the seal
cover to the upper part of the seal cover through a groove, and lastly supplied from the oil supply
hole in the seal cover to the upper part of the sliding surface of the mechanical seal.
k) Install the seal cover with the gasket such that the oil drop tube comes to the bottom side.
At this time, carefully install the seal cover not to hit the mating ring in the seal cover with the rotor
shaft. For this, hold the seal cover at the right angle to the rotor shaft or only slightly incline it such
that the top side follows the bottom side.
m) At a midway point, the sliding surface of the seal ring comes in contact with that of the mating ring.
At this point, use a taper gauge (Photo 113) to check the clearance between the surfaces of the seal
cover gasket and the bearing cover flange. This clearance is called "fastening margin" of the seal,
and is used as a guideline in determining the sliding surface pressure between the rotating ring and
stationary ring of the seal. In case of the BBSE type seals for 3225**C, make sure that this value is
in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 mm.
a) Check that the O-ring [73-1] is inserted in the O-ring groove on the tip of the unloader push rod
[67-1], at the position where the unloader piston is installed.
b) Install the O-ring [65-1] and cap seal [66-1] on the unloader piston [64-1].
c) Install the unloader piston fitted with the O-ring and cap seal in the unloader cylinder [60-1]. The
work procedure is the same as that for the high-stage side as described in Section 5.5.9, item j).
d) Insert the O-ring [63-1] in the O-ring groove on the part of the bearing cover [16] in which the
unloader cylinder is installed (Photo 115).
◆ The assembly method of this O-ring [63-1] has been changed in the design change dated Oct.
29, 1996. While the O-ring is inserted to the triangular part on the flange surface of the bearing
cover that makes contact with the unloader cylinder in the previous method, the O-ring is
inserted in the O-ring groove in the current method.
e) Install the unloader cylinder in the bearing cover (Photo 116), and fasten the eight hexagon socket
head cap screws [62-1] at the specified tightening torque of 450 N・m.
f) Set the lock washer [70-1] and lock nut [69-1] on the unloader push rod, and fasten the lock nut at
the specified torque of 180 N・m.
At this point, in the case of 3225M*C, be careful not to excessively pull the unloader piston toward
you as it is explained in the caution in the next section.
To prevent loosening, bend the tooth of the lock washer on the tightening side at the notch of the
lock nut (Photo 117). Lastly, use the eye bolts to check the movement of the unloader piston (Photo
118).
a) Use eye bolts to move the unloader piston back and forth to check the normal operation again. In
doing this, be careful not to pull the unloader piston up to the extreme position.
You should be careful because if the low-stage unloader piston is pulled beyond a
limit, the slide valve may be disengaged from the guide block in some models
(3225M*C).
b) To prevent disengagement of the slide valve from the guide block on the 3325M*C models, the
spacer [423], of which outer circumference has O-ring [431] inserted, must be installed in the
low-stage unloader cylinder beforehand. (Photo 120)
c) Assemble the ball bearing [78] on the shaft portion of the indicator cam [77]. When fitting the
bearing onto the shaft, push the inner race of the bearing. Pushing the outer race may damage the
bearing. Push the bearing to the stepped portion of the indicator cam and retain the bearing with the
external snap ring.
d) Sufficiently apply oil on the unloader cover [74], and install the V-ring set [82] in it. One of the rings
of the V-ring set (i.e., dark colored one) is made of rubber to improve the sealing performance, and
is placed as the second item from the outside as shown in Fig. 5-19. The orientation of the V-ring
must be such that the apex of the V-shape faces the outside and the lips face inside.
e) Install the spring [83] and the spring retainer [84] into position. Then, insert the shaft of the indicator
cam assembled in Step b) above into the V-ring. Lastly, fasten the bearing gland [80] onto the
unloader cover to retain the bearing.
f) After making sure that the indicator cam rotates smoothly, attach the O-ring [75] to the unloader
cover.
g) Install the unloader cover on the unloader cylinder [60]. Making sure that the guide pin [68] of the
unloader push rod [67] is well engaged in the spiral groove of the indicator cylindrical cam, push-in
the unloader cover. With the oil supply hole for the unloader operation up, secure the unloader
cover by fastening the hexagon socket head cap screws [76] at the specified torque (90 N・m for
both high-stage and low-stage).
a) Attach the driven hub [153] of the gear coupling on the high-stage side, and fasten the M12
hexagon socket set screw [159] to hold the driven hub key [157].
This hexagon socket set screw is knurled and provided with anti-loosening.
b) On the low-stage, attach the drive hub [152], lock washer [161], and lock nut [160] in this order.
Tighten the lock nut at the specified torque or within the specified range of the tightening angle (refer
to Chapter 7, Section 7.3 "Tightening Torques for Bolts and Nuts" in this manual). Then, bend the
tooth of the lock washer at the notch of the lock nut.
c) Set the drive sleeve on the low-stage drive hub.
d) Screw in two stud bolts into two of the upper bolt holes in the low-stage flange.
e) After applying sufficient amount of oil, etc. on both sides of the bearing cover gasket (2) [17-2], hang
the gasket from the upper stud bolts and
correctly attach the gasket onto the flange
surface.
f) After slightly lifting up the high-stage block
from the surface table using a lifting device,
slowly move the block to approach the
low-stage side.
At this time, the gear coupling can be
engaged smoothly if the M rotor shaft on the
low-stage side is rotated clockwise and
counterclockwise alternately for a small
amount (Photo 121).
Photo 121
g) Once the gear coupling has been successfully engaged, push the high-stage unit onto the low-stage
unit along the rotor shaft axis. Then, insert 4 to 6 hexagon socket head cap screws [18-2] into the
bolt holes, while avoiding the bolt holes that are adjacent to the left and right alignment pins, and
temporarily fasten them evenly to eliminate the clearance between the low-stage and high-stage
flanges.
h) After the flange surfaces have contacted, slightly loosen the bolts that have been temporarily
fastened. Then, drive in the left and right alignment pins [19-2] (Photo 122).
i) Rotate the low-stage M rotor using a special tool or something to check that no abnormality is found.
j) Tighten the hexagon socket head cap screws at the specified torque of 450 N・m (Photo 123). The
lower bolts must be tightened with the compressor placed on a special stand as in the case of
disassembly (Photos 124 and 125). Do not forget to attach bottom drain plugs while the compressor
is placed on the special stand.
The high-stage side of 3225**C is implemented with an indicator assembly that is identical to the one
used in a standard single stage machine (except that the dial and micro-switch cam for the 3225*MC
and the 3225*SC are special to the high-stage of the 3225*M/SC types, for the range of 30 to 100 %).
The low-stage side of 3225**C is implemented with an indicator assembly that is identical to the one
used in 1612**C, specially designed for the low-stage use, with the addition of a bevel gear to convert
the axial direction to the lateral direction, for the indicator and dial.
5.5.15.1 Potentiometer
The potentiometer of the standard-type indicator is a rotary instrument for measurement over a full turn.
It senses the continuously variable position (indicated load of 0 % to 100 %) of the unloader slide valve,
and feeds the sensed position as electric signals to the control side of the package unit or refrigerating
system.
While the expected service life of the potentiometer will significantly vary depending on the installation
environment of the compressor (e.g. corrosive gas atmosphere, moisture, or the like.) and operational
conditions (e.g. frequent partial load operations, frequent start/stop operation, vibration, etc.), the
potentiometer is a consumable part that requires regular replacement according to the situation.
■ Disassembly
Refer to Section 5.4.1.1 in this manual for the disassembly procedure for the potentiometers on the
low-stage and high-stage sides.
■ Inspection
a) Check at the terminal block that the lead wires of the potentiometer are not loosened.
b) Check for any crack or other defects in the soldering of the lead wires of the potentiometer.
c) Manually rotate the shaft of the potentiometer and measure the resistance value using a circuit
tester to check that the resistance value changes smoothly.
■ Disassembly
Refer to Section 5.5.2.1 in this manual for the disassembly procedure for the potentiometers on the
low-stage and high-stage sides.
■ Inspection
a) In the normal condition where the hydraulic line for the capacity control of the compressor is not
opened, set the unloader piston to the no load and full load positions from the manual capacity
control circuit and check the operation of the control circuit to see if the micro-switch can detect the
0 % (30 %) and 100 % positions of the micro-switch cam (i.e., by checking the operation of the
relevant relays and contacts).
b) After shutting down the control power and carrying out the lock-out and tag-out procedures, remove
the indicator glass and check that the micro-switch mounting screws [126] are not loosened.
c) Check that the hexagon socket set screw [128] securing the micro-switch cam [127] are not
loosened.
d) After checking that the wiring for the micro-switch has been removed, turn on and off the switch to
check the normal switching operation of the micro-switch using a circuit tester.
e) If the hydraulic line for the capacity control of the compressor is opened for overhaul or other work,
use nitrogen gas or compressed air to set the unloader piston to the no-load and full load positions
and check if the micro-switch can detect the 0 % (30 %) and 100 % positions of the micro-switch
cam.
f) Carry out other visual inspection including any indication of water intrusion in the indicator, any rust
on switch terminals, any wear of the switch roller or micro-switch cam, and so on.
5.5.15.3 Reassembly
To carry out the reassembly, follow the disassembly procedure in reverse. Lastly, correctly set the
needle position according to the following procedure:
a) If the hydraulic line for the capacity control of the compressor is opened for the purpose of overhaul
or other work, use nitrogen gas or compressed air to set the unloader piston to the no-load position.
Then, set and fix the indicator dial needle to the origin of the figure to show the rotation on the dial.
Next, set the piston to the full load position. Make sure the indicator dial needle points to the end
point of the figure on the dial.
b) In the normal condition where the hydraulic line for the capacity control is not opened, use the
manual capacity control circuit to move the piston. While the control power is turned on, the
indicator cover must be mounted to prevent possible electric shock. Then, after the piston position is
fixed, control power is turned off, and the lock-out and tag-out procedures are completed, remove
the indicator cover and secure the indicator dial needle in position.
Table 5-11 Component Parts of the High-stage Unloader Indicator for 3225**C
P/N Part Name Q'ty P/N Part Name Q'ty
121 Micro-switch base plate 1 136 Hexagon socket set screw, M3 × 14 3
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M6
122 3 137 Dial, 30 to 100 % 1
× 20
123 Micro-switch base plate 1 137 Dial, 0 to 100 % 1
124 Philips Screw, M3 × 10 2 138 Philips Screw, M3 × 5 2
125 Micro-switch 2 139 Indicator dial needle 1
126 Philips Screw, M3 × 25 4 140 Philips Screw, M3 × 10 1
127 Micro-switch cam, 30 to 100 % 1 141 Indicator glass 1
127 Micro-switch cam, 0 to 100 % 1 142 Indicator glass spacer 1
128 Hexagon socket set screw, M4 × 8 1 143 Electric cable gland 1
129 Potentiometer 1 144 Bracket, 125L 1
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M6
130 Potentiometer mounting plate 1 145 2
× 15
131 Philips Screw, M3 × 5 3 146 Unloader indicator cover (2) 1
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M6
132 Terminal block 1 147 3
× 15
133 Philips Screw, M3 × 20 2 148 Plug 1
134 Dial plate support [2] 2 214 Spring pin 2 dia. × 8 1
135 Dial plate support [1] 2 265-2 Spring washer, M3 7
Note: For the items 127 and 137, the range of 30 to 100 % is specified for 3225*MC or 3225*SC
and the range of 0 to 100 % is specified for 3225*LC.
Table 5-12 Component Parts of the Low-stage Unloader Indicator for 3225**C
P/N Part Name Q'ty P/N Part Name Q'ty
121 Micro-switch base plate 1 143 Electric cable gland 1
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M6
122 3 144 Bracket, 125L 1
× 25
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M6
123 Micro-switch base plate, 125L 1 145 2
× 15
Unloader indicator cover [2],
124 Philips Screw, M3 × 10 2 146 1
1612LSC
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M6
125 Micro-switch 2 147A 2
× 60
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M6
126 Philips Screw, M2.5 × 25 4 147B 2
× 95
127 Micro-switch cam, 0 to 100 % 1 149 Micro-switch insulating plate, 125L 1
128 Hexagon socket set screw, M4 × 8 1 202 Bevel gear [2]. 6 dia. 2
129 Potentiometer 1 203 Indicator dial needle shaft 1
130 Potentiometer mounting plate 1 204 Indicator dial needle shaft holder 1
131 Philips Screw, M3 × 5 3 205 Countersunk screw, M5 × 14 4
132 Terminal block 1 206 Indicator glass spacer 1
133 Philips Screw, M3 × 20 2 207 Indicator glass holder 1
134 Dial plate support [3] 2 210 Philips Screw, M5 × 15 4
136 Hexagon socket set screw, M3 × 14 3 211 Countersunk screw, M3 × 5 2
Hexagon socket head cap screw, M5
137 Indicator dial [B], 0 to 100% 1 212 4
× 30
138 Philips Screw, M3 × 5 2 213 Spring pin 2 dia. × 8 1
139 Indicator dial needle 1 265-1 Spring washer, M2.5 2
140 Philips Screw, M3 × 10 1 265-2 Spring washer, M3 2
141 Indicator glass 1 - - -
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
Table 6-1 describes typical trouble symptoms of compressors, their causes and actions to be taken.
The explanations of this Chapter are assumed that the compressor is used in the general refrigeration
cycle.
Insufficient oil supply See "Low oil pressure" in Item Same as left
04 above.
Oil supply temperature is high. See the causes in item 07, "Oil supply
temperature is high".
Expansion valve Avoid rapid change in heat load that exceeds the
aperture control cannot set value of follow-up range of "heat exchanger on
keep up with rapid load side (evaporator)" and "expansion valve".
change in heat load on For details, refer to the instruction manuals
the load side. related to devices/control on load side.
The sizes of O-ring No.432-2 and No.432-2 have been changed to G130 from G135 in October 2012
as a design change.
The part code of the O-ring is the one assigned to NBR which is standard material.
When the material of the O-ring is other than NBR, a different part code is used for
each material.
If you are using O-rings made from other than the standard material, please contact
MAYEKAWA when placing an order.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C Tightening Torques for Bolts and Nuts
7-34
2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 7 Related Documents
Lock Nut
Note 1: When tightening a lock nut, if it is difficult to use a torque wrench, manage the tightening
torque of the lock nut controlling the tightening angle range as explained below.
Compound 2-stage Screw Compressor 3225**C Tightening Torques for Bolts and Nuts
7-35
2201MYJE-MY-C8-N_2015.04.
Chapter 7 Related Documents
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MEDELLIN, COLOMBIA
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BRASIL
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BRASIL
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BRASIL
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Telephone and
Description Location
facsimile No.
MYCOM VENEZUELA CALLE LOS MANGOS, TEL: (58) 212-216-6026
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