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    Why Intensity Isn't Dependent On Exposure Time: Lessons in Intensity and Coverage

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    Umit Aytar
    The document discusses the concepts of intensity and coverage in shot peening. It addresses a technician's question about whether intensity would be too high at the location with the shortest saturation curve exposure time if the machine cycle time was set for the longest exposure time. The summary is: 1) Intensity remains constant throughout the peening process and does not depend on exposure time, unlike coverage which is exposure time dependent. 2) The technician had already calibrated the machine intensity to be within tolerance for each of the six locations tested. 3) According to a revised specification, confirmation tests can use a target time and target intensities rather than requiring tests at each location's individual exposure time. This allows setting

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    Why Intensity Isn't Dependent On Exposure Time: Lessons in Intensity and Coverage

    Uploaded by

    Umit Aytar
    113 views1 page
    The document discusses the concepts of intensity and coverage in shot peening. It addresses a technician's question about whether intensity would be too high at the location with the shortest saturation curve exposure time if the machine cycle time was set for the longest exposure time. The summary is: 1) Intensity remains constant throughout the peening process and does not depend on exposure time, unlike coverage which is exposure time dependent. 2) The technician had already calibrated the machine intensity to be within tolerance for each of the six locations tested. 3) According to a revised specification, confirmation tests can use a target time and target intensities rather than requiring tests at each location's individual exposure time. This allows setting

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    Shot Peening

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    The document discusses the concepts of intensity and coverage in shot peening. It addresses a technician's question about whether intensity would be too high at the location with the shortest saturation curve exposure time if the machine cycle time was set for the longest exposure time. The summary is: 1) Intensity remains constant throughout the peening process and does not depend on exposure time, unlike coverage which is exposure time dependent. 2) The technician had already calibrated the machine intensity to be within tolerance for each of the six locations tested. 3) According to a revised specification, confirmation tests can use a target time and target intensities rather than requiring tests at each location's individual exposure time. This allows setting

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    113 views1 page

    Why Intensity Isn't Dependent On Exposure Time: Lessons in Intensity and Coverage

    Uploaded by

    Umit Aytar
    The document discusses the concepts of intensity and coverage in shot peening. It addresses a technician's question about whether intensity would be too high at the location with the shortest saturation curve exposure time if the machine cycle time was set for the longest exposure time. The summary is: 1) Intensity remains constant throughout the peening process and does not depend on exposure time, unlike coverage which is exposure time dependent. 2) The technician had already calibrated the machine intensity to be within tolerance for each of the six locations tested. 3) According to a revised specification, confirmation tests can use a target time and target intensities rather than requiring tests at each location's individual exposure time. This allows setting

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    lessons in intensity and coverage

    by Jack Champaigne | President | Electronics Inc. | jack.champaigne@electronics-inc.com

    Why Intensity Isn’t


    Dependent on Exposure Time
    I recently received an e-mail from someone and in production, machine operators are required to make
    thanking us for Dr. Kirk’s Curve Solver program, followed periodic intensity confirmation tests. These don’t have to be
    by several interesting questions. The shot peening technician full saturation curves. Run a single strip through the machine
    (let’s call him SPT) had a fixture with six Almen holders. He using the saturation curve exposure time of T1 and take that
    understood how to run the fixture through their machine arc height as a confirmation of peening intensity. However, in
    at four different exposure times, allowing him to construct our example, SPT has six locations to check and each location
    a saturation curve according to SAE J443. (J443 requires a will have its own “T1” time. He needs to decide what time to
    minimum of four data points on each curve.) He then had run the fixture through the machine for the future intensity
    six curves, each with intensity value, but at differing T1 times. confirmation checks. J443 now allows using a “target” time
    All of the intensity values were within the tolerance band with “target” intensities. Let me explain.
    allowed. SPT wanted to know “if his machine cycle time was Visualize a graph with six saturation curves on it. These
    set for the longest T1 time, would the intensity be too high for curves represent the Almen strip arc heights for six different
    the shortest T1 time?” locations on the fixture. Using Dr. Kirk’s Curve Solver, you
    The short answer is NO. SPT needs to understand why intensity can find the intensity for each graph and its corresponding
    isn’t related to exposure time and that he needs to conduct T1 time. Earlier specifications required that you run the
    two independent tasks—one to determine intensity and one confirmation tests at the T1 time. What happens if you have
    to determine coverage, which is exposure time dependent. He six locations and six T1 times? Were you expected to run six
    had already calibrated the machine to a requested intensity. different confirmation passes, one for each T1 time? Most
    Each Almen holder position was receiving impacts within the people didn’t follow that rule.
    requested intensity. The intensity values were not exactly the Thanks to J443 you are now allowed to pick any time you wish,
    same but they were all within the tolerance band required. which is within the shortest and longest T1 time for the six
    His next task would be to determine exposure time and curves. Pick a time, draw a vertical line on the graph and see
    this would be done by incrementally blasting his target for where the line intersects each of the six curves. These points
    brief times and inspecting for coverage (surface denting). are now your “target” arc heights, one for each location. So
    When the entire part is completely dented, he then has 100% if you run your fixture through the machine, you will get six
    coverage and now the machine cycle time can be established. arc heights. If you do this once each day you should get the
    What about his concern that the intensity at the location of same “target” arc height for each location. Each confirmation
    his shortest T1 time might be “out of spec” or “too high”? arc height must be within ±0.038 mm or ±0.0015 inch of its
    The intensity at that location was already proven to be within corresponding target arc height. If any of the confirmation
    the tolerance band. Every shot particle is being impacted at arc heights is not within this tolerance band, you must make
    that intensity. The intensity does not change with time. The adjustments (perhaps machine maintenance) and then
    intensity will change if he changes operating parameters like perform a new set of six saturation curves. l
    air pressure, nozzle style, shot hardness, etc., but it does not
    change with time.
    If intensity changed with time, then peening a large part,
    Free Download
    perhaps needing two hours for complete coverage, would Dr. Kirk’s Almen Saturation Curve Solver Program
    suffer from a very high intensity at the end of the cycle.
    The Almen Saturation Curve Solver Program will
    Intensity stays fixed throughout the cycle unless you change
    automatically determine the Almen intensity and draw
    an operating parameter.
    a graph. The program uses a MicroSoft Excel spreadsheet
    Since we are talking about intensity checks in six locations, it with the “Solver” add-in. The program is easy to use:
    might be useful to remember that SAE J443 has been updated Input data (time and arc heights) and then click
    to accommodate multi-holder situations. Remember, a new on “tools” and “solver” to get an answer.
    setup requires a saturation curve using a minimum of four
    data points for each holder. Once the machine is accepted Download at www.shotpeener.com

    40 The Shot Peener | Winter 2014

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