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Solar System Assignment-1

The 5 major steps to design a solar system are: 1) Analyze daily energy usage to calculate battery bank capacity. 2) Size the battery bank based on average daily load, days of autonomy, and temperature. 3) Determine the solar panel wattage needed to meet the load and account for inefficiencies. 4) Select a charge controller that can handle the total short circuit current of all solar panels. 5) Choose an inverter that can support the total load plus a surge allowance.

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MUHAMMAD UMER
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286 views

Solar System Assignment-1

The 5 major steps to design a solar system are: 1) Analyze daily energy usage to calculate battery bank capacity. 2) Size the battery bank based on average daily load, days of autonomy, and temperature. 3) Determine the solar panel wattage needed to meet the load and account for inefficiencies. 4) Select a charge controller that can handle the total short circuit current of all solar panels. 5) Choose an inverter that can support the total load plus a surge allowance.

Uploaded by

MUHAMMAD UMER
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Designing the solar system:

The designing of the solar system consists of 5 major steps as


follows:
1) Analyze load and estimate daily usage.
2) Calculate battery bank capacity.
3) Calculate solar array wattage.
4) Specify a controller.
5) Size and specify an inverter.

1) Analyze load and estimate daily usage:

Load name No of loads Wattage rating Hours of use Watthour


Rating
Energy Saver 6 18W 5 540Wh

Fan 2 70W 7 980Wh

Fridge 1 130W 6 780Wh

Led Tv 2 50W 2 200Wh

LED bulbs 5 12W 5 300Wh

Oven 1 1000W 1 1000Wh

A.C 1 2000W 3 6000Wh

TOTAL: 9800Wh

 So the total house load in watthour is 9800Wh.

2) Calculate battery bank capacity:

a) Determine average daily watthours:

Wh daily Inverter Average Wh


efficiency hours
9800Wh 0.90 10889Wh
b) Determine Battery Bank Capacity(Wh):

Battery bank capacity(Wh) = { (Average daily Wh) x (Days of autonomy) x


(Battery Temp. Multiplier) } / ( Discharge Limit )

Average Wh Days of Battery Temp Discharge Battery bank


autonomy Multiplier limit capacity
10889Wh 2 1 0.50 43556Wh

c) Determine Battery Bank Capacity(Ah):

Battery Bank Capacity(Ah) = Battery Bank capacity / System Voltage

Battery Bank System voltage Battery Bank


Capacity(Wh) Capacity(Ah)
43556Wh 132V 330Ah

d) Determine Capacity of single Battery:

Minimum Battery Capacity = Battery Bank Capacity / No of parallel strings

Battery Bank No of parallel strings Minimum Battery


Capacity(Ah) capacity
330Ah 2 165Ah

 We need battery of 174Ah but in market we have battery of 185Ah@12V of Inverex


which costs about 25000Rs.

e) Determine the no of batteries in each string:

Batteries in each series string = System voltage / Battery voltage

System voltage Battery voltage Batteries in each string

132V 12V 11

f) Determine total no of batteries needed:

Total batteries needed = No of series string x No of batteries in each string


No of series string No of batteries in each Total batteries
string
2 11 22

 So we need 22 batteries of 185Ah of 12V.


3) Sizing the solar array:

a) Determine PV array size based on loads:


We will account the system inefficiencies
and will consider system efficiency as 67%.The outcome assumes optimal azimuthal,
tilt angle and 0% shading.

PV array size = (average Wh / average sun hours a day) / efficiency

= (9800Wh / 3.9) / 0.67


= 3750W

b) Determine total no of modules needed for minimum size array:

No of panels needed = ( Watts needed / Size of solar panel to use )


= 3750/250
= 15

c) Determine the no of modules in each string:

No of modules per string = System voltage / Nominal Module voltage


= 132/ 24
=6

d) Determine the no of series strings needed:

No of parallel strings = Total no of modules needed / No of modules per series string


= 15/6
=3

4) Charge controllers:
Find short circuit current from the panel and multiply it with no
of strings and a safety factor of 1.25.

Minimum current = Total no of modules x Short circuit current x Safety factor


= 16 x 8.67 x 1.25
= 174Amp

5) Inverters:
As our total load is 5080W and the surge load is 1.2kW because there is
fridge and pump in it which uses more power when it starts.

 In market we have inverter whose surge load rating is 2400VA.

 Price of the solar system:


The price of the solar system by component wise is :

Component Name No of components used Price


Battery 22 24000 x 22 = 528000
Solar panel 16 13750 x 16= 220000
Charge controller 1 3500 x 1 = 3500
Inverter 1 23000 x 1 = 23000
Wires and materials 1 1000 x 1 = 1000

Total = 775500 Rs

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