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DC Motor: Electrical DC Motors Are Continuous Actuators That Convert Electrical Energy Into Mechanical

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DC Motor

 Electrical DC Motors are continuous actuators that convert electrical energy into mechanical
energy. The DC motor achieves this by producing a continuous angular rotation that can be
used to rotate pumps, fans, compressors, wheels, etc.
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
The DC motor is the device which converts the direct current into the mechanical work. It
works on the principle of Lorentz Law, which states that “the current carrying conductor
placed in a magnetic and electric field experience a force”. And that force is called the
Lorentz force. The Fleming left-hand rule gives the direction of the force.

1. The armature and stator are the two main parts of the DC motor. The armature is
the rotating part, and the stator is their stationary part. The armature coil is
connected to the DC supply.

2. The armature coil consists the commutators and brushes. The commutators convert
the AC induces in the armature into DC and brushes transfer the current from
rotating part of the motor to the stationary external load. The armature is placed
between the north and south pole of the permanent or electromagnet.

3. By the interaction of the fields (produces by the coil and the magnet), resultant field
develops across the conductor. The resultant field tends to regain its original
position, i.e. in the axis of the main field. The field exerts the force at the ends of the
conductor, and thus the coil starts rotating.

 The 230 V DC motors are used in the stock house in CT car and cast house in skip and cranes.
 Advantages of using dc series motors in CT car and skip is that we can have speed variations
by controlling series resistance and we get more power in less voltage .
 We get DC for the plant from C Blast Furnace New PCC ,F Blast Furnace substation and
Power House #2 but currently only the former two are working.
 Disadvantage of DC motor is that the carbon brushes used in it have to be continuously
changed in order to have it working continuously.
 Protection of DC motors:
1.Overcurrent
2.Undervoltage
3.Negative Phase Sequence/Single Phase
4.Earth Fault

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