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    Kinematics

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    Sheila Marie Amigo
    This document discusses equations of kinematics for constant acceleration and their applications. It defines key terms like displacement, average speed, average velocity, and average acceleration. It then presents four kinematic equations that can be used to calculate displacement, velocity, and time given constant acceleration. The document provides two sample problems demonstrating how to use the equations to calculate distance traveled and time to pass another vehicle.

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    Kinematics

    Uploaded by

    Sheila Marie Amigo
    100 views4 pages
    This document discusses equations of kinematics for constant acceleration and their applications. It defines key terms like displacement, average speed, average velocity, and average acceleration. It then presents four kinematic equations that can be used to calculate displacement, velocity, and time given constant acceleration. The document provides two sample problems demonstrating how to use the equations to calculate distance traveled and time to pass another vehicle.

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    This document discusses equations of kinematics for constant acceleration and their applications. It defines key terms like displacement, average speed, average velocity, and average acceleration. It then presents four kinematic equations that can be used to calculate displacement, velocity, and time given constant acceleration. The document provides two sample problems demonstrating how to use the equations to calculate distance traveled and time to pass another vehicle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    100 views4 pages

    Kinematics

    Uploaded by

    Sheila Marie Amigo
    This document discusses equations of kinematics for constant acceleration and their applications. It defines key terms like displacement, average speed, average velocity, and average acceleration. It then presents four kinematic equations that can be used to calculate displacement, velocity, and time given constant acceleration. The document provides two sample problems demonstrating how to use the equations to calculate distance traveled and time to pass another vehicle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    GROUP 5: SHEILA MARIE M.

    AMIGO, REE
    FREDELENE P. FERNANDEZ, RN

    Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration and its Applications

    Position – relative to frame of reference (x or y)


    Displacement – change in position (meters) - x = x2-x1

    Not distance!!
    1. Distance – scalar (magnitude)

    2. Displacement – vector (magnitude and direction)


    Must give a direction - For example East/West, up/down

    x
    Average Speed – distance per unit time (scalar) v
    Average Velocity – displacement per unit time (vector)(meters/second) t
    x = displacement
    t = change in time
     v v  v0
    2
    Average Acceleration – change in velocity per unit time (vector) (meters/second ) a 
    t t  t 0
    v is final velocity
    v0 is initial velocity (or at time 0)
    Sign of a indicates direction of vector
    Deceleration is just negative acceleration

    Motion at Constant Acceleration


    The notion of acceleration emerges when a change in velocity is combined with the time during which the change
    occurs.
    Equations of Kinematics for
    Constant Acceleration

    We are limited to calculations when acceleration is a constant.
    We will use the mathematical definition of displacement, velocity, and acceleration to derive 4 Kinematic equations.

    Equations of Kinematics for Constant Acceleration

    v  vo  at x  vot  12 at 2
    x  12 vo  v  t v 2  vo2  2ax
    = x -x
    2 1
    Five kinematic variables:
    1. displacement, x
    2. acceleration (constant), a
    3. final velocity (at time t), v
    4. initial velocity, vo
    5. elapsed time, t

    SAMPLE PROBLEM 1:
    A car slows down uniformly from a speed of 21.0 m/s to rest in 6.00s. How far did it travel in this time?
    Given v0=21.0m/s
    v=0m/s
    t=6.00s

    x  x0  12 (v  v0 )t
    x  12 (0  21m / s)(6s)  63m
    SAMPLE PROBLEM 2:

    A car is behind a truck going 25m/s on the highway. The car’s driver looks for an opportunity to pass, guessing that his
    car can accelerate at 1.0m/s2. He gauges that he has to cover the 20 m length of the truck, plus 10 m clear room at the
    rear of the truck and 10 m more at the front of it. In the oncoming lane, he sees a car approaching, probably also
    traveling at 25 m/s. He estimates that the car is about 400 m away. Should he attempt to pass?

    x  x0  v0t  12 at 2
    x  12 at 2
    2x 2(40m)
    t 
    a 1m / s 2
    t  8.94 s

    x  vt
    x  (25m / s)(8.94)
    x  223.5m

    x  vot  12 at 2
     6.0 m s 8.0 s   12 2.0 m s 2 8.0 s    2

     110 m

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