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Burners
Burners
Some sulphur gun designs have been developed where the control of sulphur
Sulphuric Acid Plant
Specifications flow is done right at the spray nozzle. This eliminates the turndown problem of
fixed orifice spray nozzles. A control rod runs down the length of the sulphur
gun and extends through the spray nozzle orifice creating an annular space for
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the size of the annular space (i.e. orifice area). The advantage is that high
pressures are maintained right at the inlet of the spray nozzle providing for good
atomization at all flow rates. One disadvantage is that as the size of the orifice
is reduced, the nozzle is more prone to blockage.
Rotary Cup Burners
A rotary
cup
burner
consists
of a
spinning
cup
spinning
at high
speed
which
atomizes
the
molten
sulphur. The spinning cup is driven by an electric motor through a drive belt
system. Sulphur is fed to the burner at a low pressure (< 1 bar g) compared to a
pressurized spray nozzle. The high speed rotating cup ensures that the sulphur
is atomized to a high degree. The result is a short intense flame that provides
for complete combustion of the sulphur to sulphur dioxide. The burner permits
a high specific furnace load (2 Gcal/m³) compared to the pressurized spray
nozzle (0.75 Gcal/m³).
Since the burner does not rely on a high pressure drop, burner turndown ratios of
1:5 are possible the need to change any spray nozzles. The capacity of the
burner is controlled by a control valve on the molten sulphur line. Typical burner
capacities range from 5 to 600 tpd of sulphur.
The burner can also be used to burn fuel oil during the preheating step and can
be quickly switched over to sulphur when required.
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