Department of Electrical Engineering

DTU, Delhi
Asynchronous and Synchronous Machines (EE-208)

Assignment no.1 (Three phase induction motor) Marks: 250

1. A 15-kW, 230-V, three-phase, Y-connected, 60-Hz, four-pole squirrel-cage induction motor develops full-load internal
torque at a slip of 3.5 percent when operated at rated voltage and frequency. For the purposes of this problem, rotational and
core losses can be neglected. The following motor parameters, in ohms per phase, have been obtained: R1 = 0.21 X1 = X2 =
0.26 Xm = 10.1 Determine the maximum internal torque at rated voltage and frequency, the slip at maximum torque, and the
internal starting torque at rated voltage and frequency.

2. The induction motor of Problem 6.13 is supplied from a 230-V source through a feeder of impedance Zf = 0.05 + j0.14
ohms. Find the motor slip and terminal voltage when it is supplying rated load.

3. A three-phase induction motor, operating at rated voltage and frequency, has a starting torque of 135 percent and a maximum
torque of 220 percent, both with respect to its rated-load torque. Neglecting the effects of stator resistance and rotational losses
and assuming constant rotor resistance, determine: a. the slip at maximum torque. b. the slip at rated load. c. the rotor current
at starting (as a percentage of rotor current at rated load).

4. When operated at rated voltage and frequency, a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor (of the design classification
known as a high-slip motor) delivers full load at a slip of 8.7 percent and develops a maximum torque of 230 percent of full
load at a slip of 55 percent. Neglect core and rotational losses and assume that the rotor resistance and inductance remain
constant, independent of slip. Determine the torque at starting, with rated voltage and frequency, in per unit based upon its
full-load value.

5. For a 25-kW, 230-V, three-phase, 60-Hz squirrel-cage motor operating at rated voltage and frequency, the rotor I2R loss at
maximum torque is 9.0 times that at full-load torque, and the slip at full-load torque is 0.023. Stator resistance and rotational
losses may be neglected and the rotor resistance and inductance assumed to be constant. Expressing torque in per unit of the
full-load torque, find a. the slip at maximum torque. b. the maximum torque. c. the starting torque.

6. A squirrel-cage induction motor runs at a full-load slip of 3.7 percent. The rotor current at starting is 6.0 times the rotor
current at full load. The rotor resistance and inductance is independent of rotor frequency and rotational losses, stray-load
losses and stator resistance may be neglected. Expressing torque in per unit of the full-load torque, compute a. the starting
torque. b. the maximum torque and the slip at which the maximum torque occurs.

7. A A-connected, 25-kW, 230-V, three-phase, six-pole, 50-Hz squirrel-cage induction motor has the following equivalent-
circuit parameters in ohms per phase Y: R1 = 0.045, R2 = 0.054, X1 = 0.29, X 2 = 0.28, Xm = 9.6. a. Calculate the starting
current and torque for this motor connected directly to a 230-V source. b. To limit the starting current, it is proposed to connect
the stator winding in Y for starting and then to switch to the A connection for normal operation. (i) What are the equivalent-
circuit parameters in ohms per phase for the Y connection? (ii) With the motor Y-connected and running directly off of a 230-
V source, calculate the starting current and torque.

8. The following data apply to a 125-kW, 2300-V, three-phase, four pole, 60-Hz squirrel-cage induction motor: Stator-
resistance between phase terminals = 2.23 ohms. No-load test at rated frequency and voltage: Line current = 7.7 A Three-
phase power = 2870 W Blocked-rotor test at 15 Hz: Line voltage = 268 V Line current = 50.3 A Three-phase power = 18.2
kW a. Calculate the rotational losses. b. Calculate the equivalent-circuit parameters in ohms. Assume that X l =X 2. c. Compute
the stator current, input power and power factor, output power and efficiency when this motor is operating at rated voltage and
frequency at a slip of 2.95 percent.

9. A 230-V, three-phase, six-pole, 60-Hz squirrel-cage induction motor develops a maximum internal torque of 288 percent at
a slip of 15 percent when operated at rated voltage and frequency. If the effect of stator resistance is neglected, determine the
maximum internal torque that this motor would develop if it were operated at 190 V and 50 Hz. Under these conditions, at
what speed would the maximum torque be developed?

10. A 75-kW, 50-Hz, four-pole, 460-V three-phase, wound-rotor induction motor develops full-load torque at 1438 r/min with
the rotor short-circuited. An external non-inductive resistance of 1.1 ohm is placed in series with each phase of the rotor, and
the motor is observed to develop its rated torque at a speed of 1405 r/min. Calculate the rotor resistance per phase of the motor
itself.

11. A 75-kW, 460-V, three-phase, four-pole, 60-Hz, wound-rotor induction motor develops a maximum internal torque of 225
percent at a slip of 16 percent when operated at rated voltage and frequency with its rotor short-circuited directly at the slip
rings. Stator resistance and rotational losses may be neglected, and the rotor resistance and inductance may be assumed to be
constant, independent of rotor frequency. Determine a. the slip at full load in percent. b. the rotor ohmic loss at full load in
watts. c. the starting torque at rated voltage and frequency in per unit and in N. m. If the rotor resistance is doubled (by inserting
external series resistance at the slip rings) and the motor load is adjusted for such that the line current is equal to the value
corresponding to rated load with no external resistance, determine d. the corresponding slip in percent and e. the torque in N.
m.

11. A 100-kW, three-phase, 60-Hz, 460-V, six-pole wound-rotor induction motor develops its rated full-load output at a speed
of 1158 r/min when operated at rated voltage and frequency with its slip rings short-circuited. The maximum torque it can
develop at rated voltage and frequency is 310 percent of full-load torque. The resistance of the rotor winding is 0.17 ohms/phase
. Neglect any effects of rotational and stray-load loss and stator resistance. a. Compute the rotor ohmic loss at full load. b.
Compute the speed at maximum torque in r/min. c. How much resistance must be inserted in series with the rotor windings to
produce maximum starting torque? With the rotor windings short-circuited, the motor is now run from a 50-Hz supply with
the applied voltage adjusted so that the air-gap flux wave is essentially equal to that at rated 60-Hz operation. d. Compute the
50-Hz applied voltage. e. Compute the speed at which the motor will develop a torque equal to its rated 60-Hz value with its
slip-rings shorted.

12. A 460-V, three-phase, six-pole, 60-Hz, 150-kW, wound-rotor induction motor develops an internal torque of 190 percent
with a line current of 200 percent (torque and current expressed as a percentage of their full-load values) at a slip of 5.6 percent
when running at rated voltage and frequency with its rotor terminals short-circuited. The rotor resistance is measured to be 90
mohms between each slip ring and may be assumed to remain constant. A balanced set of Y-connected resistors is to be
connected to the slip rings in order to limit the rated-voltage starting current to 200 percent of its rated value. What resistance
must be chosen for each leg of the Y connection? What will be the starting torque under these conditions?

13. The design of a four-pole, three-phase, 230-V, 60-Hz induction motor is to be based on a stator core of length 21 cm and
inner diameter 9.52 cm. The stator winding distribution which has been selected has a winding factor kw = 0.925. The armature
is to be Y-connected, a. The designer must pick the number of armature turns so that the flux density in the machine is large
enough to make efficient use of the magnetic material without being so large as to result in excessive saturation. To achieve
this objective, the machine is to be designed with a peak fundamental air-gap flux density of 1.25 T. Calculate the required
number of series turns per phase. b. For an air-gap length of 0.3 mm, calculate the self-inductance of an armature phase.
Neglect the reluctance of the rotor and stator iron and the armature leakage inductance.

14. A squirrel-cage induction machine as the traction motor for the BEV(Battery Electric Vehicle).The typical automotive
induction machine is four pole rather than eight pole in order to optimize the winding, and so the basic specifications for the
machine are Pr(rated) = 80 kW and Tr(rated) = 140 Nm output at rated speed. (The mechanical gear ratio can be modified in
order to achieve the same acceleration as the eight-pole machine.) The machine has the following parameters: Rs =12mΩ, Lls
=50μH,Lm=2.0mH,Llr = 40 μH, Rr = 4.8 mΩ, and Tnl = 2 Nm. The slip is 1.5% at the rated condition. Calculate the input
per-phase current, voltage, frequency, power factor, and machine efficiency. Ignore saturation and temperature rise.

15. Using the same machine as in Q.14, determine the phase voltage and current, power factor, and efficiency when the
machine is regenerating −80kWand −140Nm the rotor at the rated speed with a slip of −1.5%. Ignore saturation and
temperature effects.

16. Using the same machine as in Q.14, calculate the input per-phase current, voltage, frequency, power factor, and machine
efficiency when operating at full power at twice the rated speed. Assume a slip of 1.5%.

17. Afour-polemachinehasthefollowingspecifications:Pr(rated)=100kWandTr(rated) = 150 Nm. Use the following parameters

for the machine: Rs = 8.8 mΩ, Lls = 47μH, Lm = 2.1 mH, Llr ’= 40μH, Rr = 3.4 mΩ, and Tnl = 2 Nm. For a slip of 1.4% at
the rated condition, calculate the electrical input frequency, per-phase reflected rotor and input currents, input voltage, power
factor, and machine efficiency. [Ans. 215.22 Hz, 375.6 A, 384.11 A, 106.34 V, 0.87, 93.75%]

18. Using the parameters of the previous problem(Q.17), recalculate the electrical input frequency, per-phase reflected rotor
and input currents, input voltage, power factor, andmachineefficiencywhenthemachineisdevelopinganoutputtorqueof75Nm at
a slip of 0.7% at the rated speed. [Ans. 213.7 Hz, 188.35 A, 194.66 A, 97.7 V, 0.923, 94.88%]

19. The machine of Q.17 is regenerating −100 kW on the rotor at the rated speed. For a slip of −1.4%, calculate the electrical
input frequency, per-phase reflected rotor and input currents, input voltage, power factor, and machine efficiency. [Ans. 209.28
Hz, 365.5 A, 373.8 A, 97.25 V, −0.858, 93.62%,]

20. A symmetrical, four-pole, three-phase, star-connected 100 kW induction motor is characterized as follows. The dc phase-
to-phase resistance is measured to be 17.6 mΩ. Alocked-rotor test with an applied per-phase voltage of 5.21V,10Hz, results in
a per-phase current of 389.5 A and a three-phase power of 5552 W. A no-load test with an applied per-phase voltage of 97.2
V, 220 Hz, results in a per-phase current of 33.2 A and a three-phase power of 1686 W. Estimate the per-phase equivalent
circuit parameters: Rs, Lls, Lm, Llr’, Rr’, and Pcfw. Assume that Lls/Llr’ = 4.7/44 for this machine.
[Ans.Rs=8.8mΩ,Lls=47μH,Lm=2.1mH,Llr =40μH,Rr =3.4mΩ,Pcfw=1657W]
21. A3 phase, Y connected, 60 Hz, 4 pole induction motor has the equivalent circuit parameters as: Rs=Rr’=0.024 Ω,
Xs=Xr’=0.12 Ω. If the rated slip of the induction motor is 0.04, calculate the motor speed for rated torque and f = 30 Hz. The
motor is controlled with a constant (V/f) ratio.

22. A400 V, 50 Hz, 6-pole, 960 rpm,Y-connected induction motor has the following parameters per phase referred to the
stator: : Rs=0.024 Ω, Rr’=0.20 Ω , Xs=Xr’=1.5 Ω,Xm = 30 Ω The motor is controlled by variable frequency control at a
constant flux of rated value.1. Calculate the motor speed and the stator current at half the rated torque and 25 Hz. 2. Solve for
part 1 assuming the speed-torque curves to be straight lines for s <sm’Calculate the frequency, the stator current, and voltage
at the rated braking torque and 800 rpm.

23. A460 V , 60 Hz, 4-pole, 1720 rpm,Y-connected induction motor has the following parameters per phase referred to the
stator: : Rs=0.5 Ω, Rr’=0.20 Ω , Xs=Xr’=1.5 Ω,Xm = 30 Ω The motor is controlled by variable frequency control at a constant
flux of rated value. Assume the torque speed curve is straight line for s<sm Calculate a) The frequency at 1200 rpm and rated
torque b) The motor speed for a frequency of 30 Hz and rated torque c) The frequency and the stator current at half the rated
torque and 1500 rpm.

24. A 460-V 50-hp, six-pole, Δ-connected, 60-Hz, three-phase induction motor has a full-load slip of 4 percent, an efficiency
of 91 percent, and a power factor of 0.87 lagging. At star-tup, the motor develops 1.75 times the full-load torque but draws 7
times the rated current at the rated voltage. This motor is to be started with an autotransformer-reduced voltage starter. (a)
What should the output voltage of the starter circuit be to reduce the starting torque until it equals the rated torque of the motor?
(b) What will the motor starting current and the current drawn from the supply be at this voltage?

25. A 460-V 10-hp, two-pole, Y-connected induction motor has the following parameters: R1 =0.54Ω X1 = 2.093 Ω XM =
51.12 Ω .P_F&W = 150 W .P_misc = 50 W P_core = 150 kW The rotor is a dual-cage design, with a tightly coupled, high-
resistance outer bar and a loosely coupled, low-resistance inner bar (see Figure below). The parameters of the outer bar are R2
= 3.20 Ω X2 = 2.00 Ω The resistance is high due to the lower cross-sectional area, and the reactance is relatively low due to
the tight coupling between the rotor and stator. The parameters of the inner bar are R2 = 0.382 Ω X2 = 5.10 Ω The resistance
is low due to the high cross-sectional area, but the reactance is relatively high due to the quite loose coupling between the rotor
and stator. Calculate the torque-speed characteristic for this induction motor, and compare it to the torque-speed characteristic
for the single-cage design. How do the curves differ? Explain the differences.

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